Analog front end, battery management system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses an analog front end, a battery management system and a vehicle, the analog front end comprises an acquisition module and a first wireless communication module, the acquisition module is connected with a battery pack and is used for detecting battery state information of a single battery in the battery pack, and the battery pack comprises at least one single battery; the first wireless communication module comprises a modulator and a radio frequency front end unit, and the modulator is used for modulating the battery state information to obtain a modulation signal; the radio frequency front end unit comprises a radio frequency emission unit which is connected with the modulator and used for sending a modulation signal of the battery state information. The analog front end can provide support for wireless communication of a battery management scheme, the cost can be reduced, internal space arrangement is facilitated, and the stability of data transmission is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of vehicles, and in particular to an analog front end, a battery management system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In related technologies, most battery management solutions adopt wired communication methods, that is, each acquisition unit, such as an analog front end, is connected to a main control unit through a wire harness for data transmission and reception. There are many wire harnesses, high costs, which is not conducive to the internal space layout, and loosening or breaking of the wire harnesses easily causes data loss. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. For this reason, an object of the utility model is to provide an analog front end, which can support the wireless communication of the battery management solution, can reduce costs, is conducive to the internal space layout, and improves the stability of data transmission.

[0004] A second object of the utility model is to provide a battery management system.

[0005] A third object of the utility model is to provide a vehicle.

[0006] To solve the above problems, an embodiment of the first aspect of the utility model provides an analog front end, including: an acquisition module, connected to a battery pack, for detecting the battery state information of single cells in the battery pack, and the battery pack includes at least one single cell; a first wireless communication module, the first wireless communication module includes: a modulator, for modulating the battery state information to obtain a modulation signal; a radio frequency front-end unit, the radio frequency front-end unit includes a radio frequency transmitting unit, and the radio frequency transmitting unit is connected to the modulator for transmitting the modulation signal of the battery state information.

[0007] According to the analog front end of the embodiment of the utility model, by setting the first wireless communication module, the acquired battery state information is sent through the first wireless communication module, so that wireless communication can be realized, the number of wire harnesses used is reduced, the cost is reduced, and it is also conducive to the internal space layout of the battery management system, and the layout is more flexible. And by modulating the battery state information through the modulator and then transmitting it through the radio frequency transmitting unit, the stability and efficiency of the transmission of the battery state information can be improved.

[0008] In some embodiments, the modulator includes: an accumulator, for performing phase accumulation on the modulation signal and outputting a phase accumulation result; an IQ modulation unit, the IQ modulation unit is connected to the accumulator for performing IQ modulation on the phase accumulation result to obtain the modulation signal of the battery state information.

[0009] In some embodiments, the IQ modulation unit includes: an I-channel modulation subunit, the input end of the I-channel modulation subunit is connected to the accumulator and is used to obtain an I-channel modulation signal; a Q-channel modulation subunit, the input end of the Q-channel modulation subunit is connected to the accumulator and is used to obtain a Q-channel modulation signal; a mixing subunit, the input end of the mixing subunit is connected to the output ends of the I-channel modulation subunit and the Q-channel modulation subunit and is used to mix the I-channel modulation signal and the Q-channel modulation signal to obtain a modulation signal of the battery state information.

[0010] In some embodiments, the I-channel modulation subunit includes: a first phase-amplitude converter, the input end of the first phase-amplitude converter is connected to the accumulator and is used to convert the phase accumulation result into I-channel signal amplitude information;

[0011] a first digital-to-analog converter, the input end of the first digital-to-analog converter is connected to the output end of the first phase-amplitude converter and is used to convert the I-channel signal amplitude information into an I-channel analog signal; a first low-pass filter, the input end of the first low-pass filter is connected to the output end of the first digital-to-analog converter and is used to perform low-pass filtering on the I-channel analog signal.

[0012] In some embodiments, the Q-channel modulation subunit includes: a second phase-amplitude converter, the input end of the second phase-amplitude converter is connected to the accumulator and is used to convert the phase accumulation result into Q-channel signal amplitude information;

[0013] a second digital-to-analog converter, the input end of the second digital-to-analog converter is connected to the output end of the second phase-amplitude converter and is used to convert the Q-channel signal amplitude information into a Q-channel analog signal; a second low-pass filter, the input end of the second low-pass filter is connected to the output end of the second digital-to-analog converter and is used to perform low-pass filtering on the Q-channel analog signal.

[0014] In some embodiments, the mixer subunit includes: a first resonator configured to generate a first carrier signal and a second carrier signal that are orthogonal to each other based on an input resonant signal; a first multiplier, wherein a first input end of the first multiplier is connected to an output end of the first low-pass filter, and a second input end of the first multiplier is connected to a first output end of the first resonator, and the first multiplier is configured to perform a multiplication operation on the in-phase analog signal and the first carrier signal and output a first multiplication result; a second multiplier, wherein a first input end of the second multiplier is connected to an output end of the second low-pass filter, and a second input end of the second multiplier is connected to a second output end of the first resonator, and the second multiplier is configured to perform a multiplication operation on the quadrature analog signal and the second carrier signal and output a second multiplication result; a first adder, wherein a first input end of the first adder is connected to the first multiplier, a second input end of the first adder is connected to the second multiplier, and an output end of the first adder is connected to the radio frequency transmitting unit, and the first adder is configured to perform an addition operation on the first multiplication result and the second multiplication result to obtain a modulation signal of the battery state information.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first digital-to-analog converter and the second digital-to-analog converter respectively include the following circuits: a resistor network, a first end of the resistor network is connected to a first power supply, a second end of the resistor network is connected to a second power supply, a power supply voltage of the second power supply is less than a power supply voltage of the first power supply, and the resistor network includes a plurality of resistor branches; a plurality of analog switches, each of the analog switches includes a switch, a first contact and a second contact, first ends of the plurality of switches are respectively connected to output ends of the plurality of resistor branches in one-to-one correspondence, first contacts of the plurality of switches are connected to a first bus, the first bus is connected to the second power supply, second contacts of the plurality of switches are connected to a second bus, and a control end of each switch is connected to an output end of the first phase-amplitude converter or an output end of the second phase-amplitude converter, and is configured to be connected to a corresponding first contact or second contact according to an input digital signal, and the digital signal corresponds to the quadrature signal amplitude information or the in-phase signal amplitude information; an operational amplifier unit, a reverse input end of the operational amplifier unit is connected to the second bus, a forward input end of the operational amplifier unit is connected to the second power supply, and an output end of the operational amplifier unit is connected to the first low-pass filter or the second low-pass filter, and the operational amplifier unit is configured to output a voltage according to a connection state of the switch and the corresponding contact.

[0016] In some embodiments, the radio frequency transmitting unit includes: a power amplifier, the input end of the power amplifier is connected to the output end of the first adder, and is configured to amplify the modulation signal of the battery state information; a first radio frequency filter, the input end of the first radio frequency filter is connected to the output end of the power amplifier, and is configured to perform radio frequency filtering on the amplified modulation signal; a transmitting antenna, the transmitting antenna is connected to the output end of the first radio frequency filter, and is configured to transmit the modulation signal after radio frequency filtering.

[0017] In some embodiments, the power amplifier includes: a gain circuit unit, configured to increase the gain and output power of the modulation signal of the battery state information; a cascode structure, the input end of the cascode structure is connected to the output end of the gain circuit unit, and the output end of the cascode structure is connected to the input end of the first radio frequency filter, and is configured to amplify the modulation signal of the battery state information output by the gain circuit unit.

[0018] In some embodiments, the power amplifier further includes: a resonant network unit, the input end of the resonant network unit is connected to the output end of the first adder, and the output end of the resonant network unit is connected to the input end of the gain circuit unit, and is configured to adjust the impedance matching characteristic of the input end of the gain circuit unit.

[0019] In some embodiments, the resonant network unit includes: a first capacitor, the first end of the first capacitor is connected to the output end of the first adder; a first inductor, the first end of the first inductor is connected to the second end of the first capacitor, and the second end of the first inductor is respectively connected to the input end of the gain circuit unit and a first bias voltage source.

[0020] In some embodiments, the gain circuit unit includes: a first switching transistor, the first end of the first switching transistor is grounded, and the control end of the first switching transistor is respectively connected to the second end of the first inductor and the first bias voltage source; a second switching transistor, the first end of the second switching transistor is connected to the second end of the first switching transistor through a second inductor, the second end of the second switching transistor is connected to a preset power supply through a third inductor, and the control end of the second switching transistor is connected to a second bias voltage source; a fourth inductor and a second capacitor, the first end of the fourth inductor is respectively connected to the second end of the first switching transistor and the second inductor, the first end of the second capacitor is connected to the second end of the fourth inductor, and the second end of the second capacitor is respectively connected to the second bias voltage source and the control end of the second switching transistor.

[0021] In some embodiments, the gain circuit unit further includes: a third capacitor, a first end of the third capacitor is respectively connected to a first end of the second switching transistor and the second inductor, and a second end of the third capacitor is grounded; a fourth capacitor, a first end of the fourth capacitor is respectively connected to a second end of the second switching transistor and the third inductor, and a second end of the fourth capacitor is respectively connected to a third bias voltage source and an input end of the cascode structure.

[0022] In some embodiments, the cascode structure includes: a third switching transistor, a first end of the third switching transistor is grounded, and a control end of the third switching transistor is respectively connected to a second end of the fourth capacitor and the third bias voltage source; a fourth switching transistor, a first end of the fourth switching transistor is connected to a second end of the third switching transistor, and a second end of the fourth switching transistor is connected to a preset power supply through a fifth inductor; a self-bias unit, a first end of the self-bias unit is grounded, a second end of the self-bias unit is respectively connected to a second end of the fourth switching transistor and the fifth inductor, and a third end of the self-bias unit is connected to a control end of the fourth switching transistor for realizing self-bias of the fourth switching transistor.

[0023] In some embodiments, the self-bias unit includes: a fifth capacitor, a first end of the fifth capacitor is grounded, and a second end of the fifth capacitor is connected to a control end of the fourth switching transistor; a first resistor, a first end of the first resistor is respectively connected to a second end of the fifth capacitor and the control end of the fourth switching transistor, and a second end of the first resistor is respectively connected to a second end of the fourth switching transistor and the fifth inductor.

[0024] In some embodiments, the cascode structure further includes: a sixth capacitor, a first end of the sixth capacitor is respectively connected to a second end of the fourth switching transistor and the fifth inductor; a sixth inductor, a first end of the sixth inductor is connected to a first end of the sixth capacitor, and a second end of the sixth inductor is connected to an input end of the first RF filter.

[0025] In some embodiments, the cascode structure further includes: a seventh capacitor, a first end of the seventh capacitor is respectively connected to a second end of the sixth inductor and the input end of the first RF filter, and a second end of the seventh capacitor is grounded; a second resistor, a first end of the second resistor is respectively connected to a second end of the sixth inductor and the input end of the first RF filter, and a second end of the second resistor is grounded.

[0026] In some embodiments, the cascode structure further includes: an eighth capacitor, a first end of the eighth capacitor is grounded; a seventh inductor, a first end of the seventh inductor is connected to a second end of the eighth capacitor, and a second end of the seventh inductor is respectively connected to a second end of the third switching transistor and a first end of the fourth switching transistor.

[0027] In some embodiments, the RF front-end unit further includes an RF receiving unit for receiving the RF signal sent by the superior controller; the first wireless communication module further includes: a demodulator connected to the RF receiving unit for demodulating the RF signal sent by the superior controller to obtain a demodulated signal.

[0028] In some embodiments, the RF receiving unit includes: a receiving antenna for receiving the RF signal emitted by the superior controller; a second RF filter, the input end of the second RF filter is connected to the receiving antenna for filtering the RF signal; a signal amplifier, the input end of the signal amplifier is connected to the output end of the second RF filter for amplifying the filtered RF signal.

[0029] In some embodiments, the demodulator includes: a second resonator for generating mutually orthogonal third carrier signal and fourth carrier signal based on the input resonant signal; a third multiplier, the first input end of the third multiplier is connected to the output end of the signal amplifier, the second input end of the third multiplier is connected to the first output end of the second resonator for multiplying the I-channel signal of the RF signal by the third carrier signal and outputting a first I-channel multiplication result; a fourth multiplier, the first input end of the fourth multiplier is connected to the output end of the signal amplifier, the second input end of the fourth multiplier is connected to the second output end of the second resonator for multiplying the Q-channel signal of the RF signal by the fourth carrier signal and outputting a first Q-channel multiplication result.

[0030] In some embodiments, a third low-pass filter, the input end of the third low-pass filter is connected to the output end of the third multiplier for low-pass filtering the first I-channel multiplication result; a fourth low-pass filter, the input end of the fourth low-pass filter is connected to the output end of the fourth multiplier for low-pass filtering the first Q-channel multiplication result.

[0031] In some embodiments, the demodulator further includes: a first differentiator, an input end of the first differentiator is connected to an output end of the third low-pass filter, configured to perform a differentiation process on the first I-channel multiplication operation result and output an I-channel differentiation result; a second differentiator, an input end of the second differentiator is connected to an output end of the fourth low-pass filter, configured to perform a differentiation process on the first Q-channel multiplication operation result and output a Q-channel differentiation result; a fifth multiplier, a first input end of the fifth multiplier is connected to the output end of the third low-pass filter, a second input end of the fifth multiplier is connected to the output end of the second differentiator, configured to perform a multiplication operation on the first I-channel multiplication operation result and the Q-channel differentiation result and output a second I-channel multiplication operation result; a sixth multiplier, a first input end of the sixth multiplier is connected to the output end of the fourth low-pass filter, a second input end of the sixth multiplier is connected to the output end of the first differentiator, configured to perform a multiplication operation on the first Q-channel multiplication operation result and the I-channel differentiation result and output a second Q-channel multiplication operation result.

[0032] In some embodiments, the demodulator further includes: a second adder, a first input end of the second adder is connected to the output end of the fifth multiplier, a second input end of the second adder is connected to the output end of the sixth multiplier, configured to perform an addition operation on the second I-channel multiplication operation result and the second Q-channel multiplication operation result and output an addition operation result; a sampling decision device, an input end of the sampling decision device is connected to the output end of the second adder, configured to obtain a demodulated signal according to the addition operation result.

[0033] In some embodiments, the first wireless communication module further includes: a controller, the controller is respectively connected to the modulator and the demodulator, configured to control the modulator and the demodulator.

[0034] In some embodiments, the acquisition module includes: a voltage acquisition unit, configured to acquire the voltage of the single battery;

[0035] a current acquisition unit, configured to acquire the current of the single battery; a temperature acquisition unit, configured to acquire the temperature of the battery pack; an internal resistance acquisition unit, configured to acquire the internal resistance of the single battery.

[0036] In some embodiments, there is a multiplexer. The input terminals of the multiplexer are respectively connected to the voltage acquisition unit, the current acquisition unit, the temperature acquisition unit, and the internal resistance acquisition unit, and are used for transmitting the battery state information; a digital-to-analog converter, the input terminal of the digital-to-analog converter is connected to the output terminal of the multiplexer, and is used for converting the analog signal of the battery state information into a digital signal; a filter circuit, the input terminal of the filter circuit is connected to the output terminal of the digital-to-analog converter, and is used for filtering the digital signal; a digital logic unit, the first end of the digital logic unit is connected to the output terminal of the filter circuit, the second end of the digital logic unit is connected to the first wireless communication module, and is used for diagnosing the battery state information, sending the battery state information to the first wireless communication module, and obtaining the control instruction corresponding to the radio frequency signal of the superior controller received by the first wireless communication module.

[0037] In some embodiments, the analog front end further includes: an equalization module, the equalization module is connected to the digital logic unit, and is used for performing power equalization processing on the single cells in the battery pack.

[0038] In some embodiments, the analog front end further includes: a clock module, the clock module is used for providing synchronous clock signals for each unit in the analog front end; a power supply module, the power supply module is respectively connected to the equalization module, the clock module, the multiplexer, the digital-to-analog converter, the filter circuit, and the digital logic unit to provide power supply.

[0039] An embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention provides a battery management system, including: at least one analog front end as described in the above embodiments; a controller, the controller includes a second wireless communication module, and the second wireless communication module is used for communicating with the first wireless communication module of the analog front end.

[0040] According to the battery management system of the embodiments of the present invention, by respectively arranging a first communication module in the analog front end and a second communication module in the controller, wireless communication can be carried out between the first wireless communication module and the second wireless communication module of each analog front end. The system has good robustness and will not cause communication failure of the entire system due to a single point of failure. Moreover, nodes in the wireless network can be flexibly added and deleted; the transmission of battery state information is realized through wireless communication, without considering the aging problem of communication wiring harnesses, reducing physical safety risks, improving communication security, simplifying the structural design, and facilitating installation and maintenance; high integration is achieved, which is conducive to efficient data transmission, improves space utilization rate, and increases the flexibility of the system structure; compared with the wired communication in the related art for information transmission based on the daisy chain method, the communication path between the controller and the analog front end in this application is more diversified, and time synchronization channel hopping is realized, avoiding conflicts within the network, thereby maximizing scalability and reducing high power consumption and high latency caused by congestion; the communication quality is improved, and the complexity of the acquisition unit is reduced.

[0041] In some embodiments, the battery management system includes a plurality of the analog front ends; the first wireless communication modules of the plurality of the analog front ends communicate with each other; the second wireless communication module communicates with the first wireless communication module of each of the analog front ends respectively.

[0042] The third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a vehicle, including: a battery pack, the battery pack includes a plurality of battery groups, and each of the battery groups includes at least one single battery; the battery management system of the above embodiments, and the battery management system is connected to each of the battery groups.

[0043] According to the vehicle of the embodiments of the present invention, the battery management system is connected to each battery group, obtains battery group information through wireless communication, realizes the management and control of the battery groups by the battery management system, improves communication security, simplifies the structural design, and facilitates installation and maintenance; high integration is achieved, which is conducive to efficient data transmission, improves space utilization rate, and increases the flexibility of the system structure; the communication path is more diversified, time synchronization channel hopping is realized, avoiding conflicts within the network, thereby maximizing scalability and reducing high power consumption and high latency caused by congestion, and improving communication quality.

[0044] The additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be partially given in the following description, partially will become obvious from the following description, or will be understood through the practice of the present invention patent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become obvious and easy to understand from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0046] Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of a analog front end according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0047] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a modulator and a radio frequency transmitting unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0048] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a digital-to-analog converter circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0049] Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of a power amplifier according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0050] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a resonant network unit and a cascode structure circuit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0051] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency receiving unit and a demodulator according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0052] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a analog front end according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0053] Figure 8 is a structural block diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0054] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0055] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0056] Reference numerals:

[0057] Vehicle 600;

[0058] Battery management system 500;

[0059] Analog front end 100; Controller 240;

[0060] First wireless communication module 200; Modulator 3000; Radio frequency front end unit 4000; Radio frequency transmitting unit 4100; Radio frequency receiving unit 4200; Digital-to-analog converter circuit 300; Resonant network unit and cascode structure circuit 400; Acquisition module 110; Power amplifier 4110;

[0061] Voltage acquisition unit 111; Current acquisition unit 112; Temperature acquisition unit 113; Internal resistance acquisition unit 114; Multiplexer 102; Digital-to-analog converter 103; Filter circuit 104; Digital logic unit 105; Equalization module 106; Clock module 107; Power supply module 108; Demodulator 230; Second wireless communication module 241; Accumulator 3100; IQ modulation unit 3200; I-channel modulation sub-unit 3210; Q-channel modulation sub-unit 3220; Mixing sub-unit 3230; First phase-amplitude converter 3211; First digital-to-analog converter 3212; First low-pass filter 3213; Second phase-amplitude converter 3221; Second digital-to-analog converter 3222; Second low-pass filter 3223; First resonator 3233; First multiplier 3231; Second multiplier 3232; First adder 3234; Resistance network 370; Multiple analog switches 330; First power supply 310; Second power supply 320; Switch 331; First contact 332; Second contact 333; First bus 340; Second bus 350; Operational amplifier unit 360; Gain circuit unit 4111; Cascode structure 4112; Resonant network unit 4113; First capacitor 401; First inductor 402; First bias voltage source 403; First switching transistor 404; Second inductor 405; Second switching transistor 406; Third inductor 407; Second capacitor 408; Fourth inductor 409; Second bias voltage source 410; Preset power supply 411; Third capacitor 412; Fourth capacitor 413; Third switching transistor 414; Fourth switching transistor 415; Fifth inductor 416; First resistor 417; Fifth capacitor 418; Sixth capacitor 419; Sixth inductor 420; Seventh capacitor 421; Second resistor 422; Eighth capacitor 423; Seventh inductor 424; Third bias voltage source 425; Receiving antenna 4201; Second RF filter 4202; Signal amplifier 4203; Second resonator 4204; Third multiplier 4205; Fourth multiplier 4206; Third low-pass filter 4207; Fourth low-pass filter 4208; First differentiator 4209; Second differentiator 4210; Fifth multiplier 4211; Sixth multiplier 4212; Second adder 4213; Sampling decision device 4214; Battery pack 610; Battery bank 611. Detailed implementation mode

[0062] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary. The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0063] The battery management system is used to collect and manage various parameters of the battery system. The battery system usually includes multiple battery packs, and each battery pack includes multiple single cells. The battery management system mainly includes a main control unit and multiple analog front-ends. Each analog front-end collects the state parameters of each single cell in the connected battery pack, such as current, voltage, temperature, etc. The analog front-end sends the collected information to the main control unit. The main control unit analyzes the received battery state information, alarms in case of anomalies, and feeds back relevant battery information to the upper-level controller.

[0064] In related technologies, most battery management solutions adopt wired communication and a distributed battery management system architecture. Different from the centralized one, its main control unit and acquisition unit are separated, and one main control unit can interact and communicate with multiple acquisition units. The main control unit and the acquisition unit mainly connect the analog front-end chips in series through a daisy-chain link, and transmit the collected battery voltage, temperature, current, dynamic internal resistance and other data to the microprocessor through the daisy-chain link to realize communication with the microprocessor. The traditional wired battery management system uses a twisted pair cable to connect the battery manager in a daisy-chain manner. However, the communication method implemented through the daisy-chain link has a single-point failure, that is, any problem with a node will cause a system failure. Once a failure occurs, it may be necessary to replace the entire battery pack, resulting in a high cost. Moreover, this communication method requires adding isolation components at the communication end of the daisy-chain cable to isolate external interference, achieve stable communication, and withstand strict electromagnetic compatibility and electromagnetic interference limitations. Secondly, each group of batteries must be connected to the analog front-end chip through a communication cable and then to the microprocessor. The cables used are often heavy copper wires, which will directly increase the weight of the vehicle. In addition, the large number of cables inside will occupy a large space, affecting the layout inside the battery management system and having poor flexibility, making it difficult to install and maintain. In addition, it is difficult to achieve time-synchronized measurement of voltage and current in wired communication, which will cause a delay in data reception. Therefore, the present utility model improves the battery management system based on the above problems.

[0065] In the first aspect of the embodiments of the present utility model, an analog front-end is provided, as Figure 1 shown. The analog front-end 100 includes: an acquisition module 110 and a first wireless communication module 200.

[0066] Among them, the acquisition module 110 is connected to the battery pack and is used to detect the battery state information of the single cells in the battery pack, such as current, voltage, temperature and other information. The battery pack includes at least one single cell, such as including one single cell, five single cells or twenty single cells. The data of the single cells in the battery pack is not specifically limited here. The single cell can be called a battery cell.

[0067] The first wireless communication module 200 includes a modulator 3000 and a radio frequency front-end unit 4000. As Figure 1 shown, the radio frequency front-end unit 4000 includes a radio frequency transmitting unit 4100.

[0068] The modulator 3000 is used to modulate the battery state information to obtain a modulated signal, such as performing IQ modulation. The radio frequency transmitting unit is connected to the modulator, and the radio frequency transmitting unit 4100 is used to transmit the modulated signal of the battery state information.

[0069] Specifically, the acquisition module 110 detects the battery state information of each single battery in the battery pack and sends the detected battery state information to the first wireless communication module 200. The modulator 3000 in the first wireless communication module 200 modulates the received battery state information to obtain a modulated signal, and the modulated signal of the battery state information is sent to other devices, such as the main control unit in the battery management system, through the radio frequency transmitting unit 4100, thereby realizing wireless communication.

[0070] According to the analog front-end of the embodiment of the present invention, by setting the first wireless communication module 200, the battery state information is collected and sent through the first wireless communication module 200, so that wireless communication can be realized, the number of used wire harnesses is reduced, the cost is reduced, and it is also beneficial to the layout of the internal space of the battery management system. And after the battery state information is modulated by the modulator 3000 and then transmitted through the radio frequency transmitting unit 4100, the stability and efficiency of the transmission of the battery state information can be improved.

[0071] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, the modulator 3000 includes an accumulator 3100 and an IQ modulation unit 3200.

[0072] Among them, the accumulator 3100 is used to perform phase accumulation on the modulated signal and output a phase accumulation result; the IQ modulation unit 3200 is connected to the accumulator 3100 and is used to perform IQ modulation on the phase accumulation result to obtain a modulated signal of the battery state information.

[0073] Specifically, after the modulator 3000 receives the battery state information sent by the acquisition module, it first performs phase accumulation on the modulated signal through the accumulator 3100 on the received battery state information and outputs a phase accumulation result, and the IQ modulation unit 3200 performs IQ modulation on the phase accumulation result output by the accumulator 3100 to obtain a modulated signal of the battery state information.

[0074] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, the IQ modulation unit 3200 includes: an I-channel modulation sub-unit 3210, a Q-channel modulation sub-unit 3220, and a mixing sub-unit 3230.

[0075] Among them, the input end of the I-channel modulation subunit 3210 is connected to the accumulator 3100, and is used to obtain the I-channel modulation signal; the input end of the Q-channel modulation subunit 3220 is connected to the accumulator 3100, and is used to obtain the Q-channel modulation signal; the input end of the mixing subunit 3230 is connected to the output ends of the I-channel modulation subunit and the Q-channel modulation subunit, and is used to mix the I-channel modulation signal and the Q-channel modulation signal to obtain the modulation signal of the battery state information.

[0076] Specifically, IQ modulation is a signal processing technology used to improve the spectrum utilization rate, simplify the hardware structure of communication devices, and improve the stability of signal transmission. In IQ modulation, data is divided into two paths and carrier modulation is performed separately on these two paths. These two carriers are orthogonal to each other, that is, they have the same frequency and a phase difference of 90 degrees. One path is called the I-channel and the other path is called the Q-channel. This modulation method allows two signals to be transmitted in parallel at the same time, improving the spectrum utilization efficiency because the two orthogonal carriers can share the same frequency resources. The IQ signal can be represented in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, which can intuitively reflect the amplitude and phase changes of the signal. In addition, IQ modulation also improves the stability of signal transmission. Therefore, the present application uses the I-channel modulation subunit 3210 and the Q-channel modulation subunit 3220 to perform frequency modulation, which can improve the stability and efficiency of the transmission of battery state information.

[0077] The I-channel modulation subunit 3210 and the Q-channel modulation subunit 3220 are respectively connected to the accumulator. The I-channel modulation subunit 3210 obtains the I-channel modulation signal, and the Q-channel modulation subunit 3220 obtains the Q-channel modulation signal. After the I-channel modulation subunit 3210 and the Q-channel modulation subunit 3220 modulate the signal, they output it to the mixing subunit 3230, and the mixing subunit 3230 mixes the I-channel modulation signal and the Q-channel modulation signal to obtain the modulation signal of the battery state information.

[0078] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, the I-channel modulation subunit 3210 includes: a first phase-amplitude converter 3211, a first digital-to-analog converter 3212, and a first low-pass filter 3213.

[0079] Among them, the input end of the first phase-amplitude converter 3211 is connected to the accumulator 3100, and is used to convert the phase accumulation result into the amplitude information of the I-channel signal; the input end of the first digital-to-analog converter 3212 is connected to the output end of the first phase-amplitude converter 3211, and is used to convert the amplitude information of the I-channel signal into an I-channel analog signal; the input end of the first low-pass filter 3213 is connected to the output end of the first digital-to-analog converter 3212, and is used to perform low-pass filtering on the I-channel analog signal.

[0080] Specifically, the I-channel modulation subunit 3210 is connected to the accumulator 3100. After receiving the phase accumulation result, the first phase-amplitude converter 3211 converts the phase accumulation result into I-channel signal amplitude information and sends it to the first digital-to-analog converter 3212. The first digital-to-analog converter 3212 converts the I-channel signal amplitude information into an I-channel analog signal and sends it to the first low-pass filter 3213. The first low-pass filter 3213 performs low-pass filtering on the I-channel analog signal.

[0081] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, the Q-channel modulation subunit 3220 includes: a second phase-amplitude converter 3221, a second digital-to-analog converter 3222, and a second low-pass filter 3223.

[0082] Among them, the input end of the second phase-amplitude converter 3221 is connected to the accumulator 3100 and is used to convert the phase accumulation result into Q-channel signal amplitude information; the input end of the second digital-to-analog converter 3222 is connected to the output end of the second phase-amplitude converter 3221 and is used to convert the Q-channel signal amplitude information into a Q-channel analog signal; the input end of the second low-pass filter 3223 is connected to the output end of the second digital-to-analog converter and is used to perform low-pass filtering on the Q-channel analog signal.

[0083] Specifically, the Q-channel modulation subunit 3220 is connected to the accumulator 3100. After receiving the phase accumulation result, the second phase-amplitude converter 3221 converts the phase accumulation result into Q-channel signal amplitude information and sends it to the second digital-to-analog converter 3222. The second digital-to-analog converter 3222 converts the Q-channel signal amplitude information into a Q-channel analog signal and sends it to the second low-pass filter 3223. The second low-pass filter 3223 performs low-pass filtering on the Q-channel analog signal.

[0084] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, the mixing subunit 3230 includes: a first multiplier 3231, a second multiplier 3232, a first resonator 3233, and a first adder 3234.

[0085] Among them, the first resonator 3233 is used to generate a first carrier signal and a second carrier signal that are orthogonal to each other based on an input resonant signal; the first input terminal of the first multiplier 3231 is connected to the output terminal of the first low-pass filter, and the second input terminal of the first multiplier 3231 is connected to the first output terminal of the first resonator 3233, and is used to perform a multiplication operation on the I-channel analog signal and the first carrier signal and output a first multiplication operation result; the first input terminal of the second multiplier 3232 is connected to the output terminal of the second low-pass filter, and the second input terminal of the second multiplier 3232 is connected to the second output terminal of the first resonator 3233, and is used to perform a multiplication operation on the Q-channel analog signal and the second carrier signal and output a second multiplication operation result; the first input terminal of the first adder 3234 is connected to the first multiplier 3231, the second input terminal of the first adder 3234 is connected to the second multiplier 3232, and the output terminal of the first adder 3234 is connected to the radio frequency transmitting unit, and is used to perform an addition operation on the first multiplication operation result and the second multiplication operation result to obtain a modulation signal of the battery state information.

[0086] Specifically, the carrier signal is a transmission platform that provides a stable transmission environment for the modulation signal to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the information during transmission. The carrier is usually a sine wave with a relatively high frequency and is used to carry the modulation signal; the first carrier signal can be understood as the signal for performing a multiplication operation with the I-channel analog signal, and the second carrier signal can be understood as the signal for performing a multiplication operation with the Q-channel analog signal; the first multiplication operation result can be understood as the operation result obtained by performing a multiplication operation on the I-channel analog signal and the first carrier signal and outputting it, and the second multiplication operation result can be understood as the operation result obtained by performing a multiplication operation on the Q-channel analog signal and the second carrier signal and outputting it.

[0087] After receiving the I-channel analog signal and the Q-channel analog signal, the mixing sub-unit 3230 inputs a resonant signal to the first resonator 2333 to generate a first carrier signal and a second carrier signal that are orthogonal to each other. The I-channel analog signal and the first carrier signal perform a multiplication operation in the first multiplier 3231 and output a first multiplication operation result. The Q-channel analog signal and the second carrier signal perform a multiplication operation in the second multiplier 3232 and output a second multiplication operation result; the first adder 3234 performs an addition operation on the received first multiplication operation result and the second multiplication operation result to obtain a modulation signal of the battery state information.

[0088] For example, the radio frequency transmitting unit adopts a direct up-conversion transmitter. In the direct up-conversion structure, the baseband signal is first filtered by a filter, phase accumulation is achieved through a phase accumulator, and the phase accumulation result is output; the essence of the look-up table is a phase-amplitude converter, which maps the phase information obtained from the accumulator into amplitude information, and then the digital-to-analog converter converts the signal into an analog signal, and smooth processing is performed through a low-pass filter to filter out high-frequency clutter. This process outputs two signals, namely the I and Q signals. Then, the I and Q signals are multiplied by the carrier signal and summed to achieve mixing. After that, amplification and filtering are performed through a power amplifier and a filter, and the signal is transmitted through an antenna. Among them, the filter is implemented in the form of a look-up table, which is a pure digital circuit and outputs a digital signal, while the digital-to-analog converter and the low-pass filter are implemented with analog circuits.

[0089] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 shown, the first digital-to-analog converter and the second digital-to-analog converter respectively include circuit 300,

[0090] The digital-to-analog converter circuit 300 includes: a resistor network 370, a plurality of analog switches 330, and an operational amplifier unit 360.

[0091] Among them, the first end of the resistor network 370 is connected to the first power supply 310, the second end of the resistor network 370 is connected to the second power supply 320, the power supply voltage of the second power supply is less than that of the first power supply, and the resistor network includes a plurality of resistor branches; the analog switch 330 includes a switch 331, a first contact 332, and a second contact 333. The first ends of the plurality of switches 331 are respectively connected to the output ends of the plurality of resistor branches in one-to-one correspondence. The first contacts of the plurality of switches 331 are connected to the first summary line 340, the first summary line 340 is connected to the second power supply 320, the second contacts 333 of the plurality of switches 331 are connected to the second summary line 350, and the control end of each switch 331 is connected to the output end of the first phase-amplitude converter or the output end of the second phase-amplitude converter, and is used to connect to the corresponding first contact or second contact according to the input digital signal. The digital signal corresponds to the amplitude information of the Q-channel signal or the amplitude information of the I-channel signal; the inverting input end of the operational amplifier unit 360 is connected to the second summary line 350, the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier unit 360 is connected to the second power supply 320, and the output end of the operational amplifier unit 360 is connected to the first low-pass filter or the second low-pass filter. The operational amplifier unit is used to output a voltage according to the connection state of the switch 331 and the corresponding contact.

[0092] Specifically, there are various types of digital-to-analog converters, such as T-type resistor network digital-to-analog converters, inverted T-type resistor network digital-to-analog converters, and weighted resistor network digital-to-analog converters, etc.

[0093] Digital quantities are represented by codes combined according to digits. For weighted codes, each digit code has a certain bit weight. To convert a digital quantity into an analog quantity, each digit code must be converted into a corresponding analog quantity according to the magnitude of its bit weight, and then these analog quantities are added together to obtain a total analog quantity proportional to the digital quantity, thus realizing digital-to-analog conversion. This is the basic guiding idea for composing a digital-to-analog converter.

[0094] The digital quantity is input and stored in the digital register in serial or parallel mode. Each digit of the output of the digital register controls the corresponding analog electronic switch respectively, so that the digit with a value of 1 generates a current value proportional to its weight value on the weight network, and then the summing circuit adds up various weight values to obtain the analog quantity corresponding to the digital quantity.

[0095] For example, Figure 3 the circuit structure shown is composed of two different resistors R and 2R, switches, operational amplifiers and capacitors. R LPF and capacitor C LPF constitute a low-pass filter, R F is the feedback resistor, D 4-0 is the digital input, which changes from 00000 to 11111. When the input digital signal is at a low level, the switch is directed to the right and the output voltage decreases. On the contrary, the output voltage increases. A continuous output voltage can be obtained as the input changes.

[0096] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, the radio frequency transmitting unit 4100 includes: a power amplifier 4110, a first radio frequency filter 4120 and a transmitting antenna 4130.

[0097] Among them, the input end of the power amplifier 4110 is connected to the output end of the first adder, and is used to amplify the modulation signal of the battery state information; the input end of the first radio frequency filter 4120 is connected to the output end of the power amplifier 4110, and is used to perform radio frequency filtering on the amplified modulation signal; the transmitting antenna 4130 is connected to the output end of the first radio frequency filter 4120, and is used to transmit the radio frequency filtered modulation signal.

[0098] Specifically, the power amplifier 4110 amplifies the modulation signal of the battery state information output by the first adder and transmits it to the first radio frequency filter 4120. The first radio frequency filter 4120 performs radio frequency filtering on the amplified modulation signal, and the transmitting antenna 4130 transmits the modulation signal radio frequency filtered by the first radio frequency filter 4120.

[0099] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 shown, the power amplifier 4110 includes: a gain circuit unit 4111, a cascode structure 4112.

[0100] Among them, the gain circuit unit 4111 is used to increase the gain and output power of the modulation signal of the battery state information; the input end of the cascode structure 4112 is connected to the output end of the gain circuit unit 4111, and the output end of the cascode structure 4112 is connected to the input end of the first radio frequency filter, which is used to amplify the modulation signal of the battery state information output by the gain circuit unit.

[0101] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 shown, the power amplifier 4110 includes: a resonant network unit 4113.

[0102] Among them, the input end of the resonant network unit 4113 is connected to the output end of the first adder, and the output end of the resonant network unit 4113 is connected to the input end of the gain circuit unit, which is used to adjust the impedance matching characteristic of the input end of the gain circuit unit.

[0103] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 shown, the resonant network unit and the cascode structure circuit 400 include: a first capacitor 401, a first inductor 402, and a first bias voltage source 403.

[0104] Among them, the first end of the first capacitor 401 is connected to the output end of the first adder; the first end of the first inductor 402 is connected to the second end of the first capacitor, and the second end of the first inductor is respectively connected to the input end of the gain circuit unit and the first bias voltage source 403.

[0105] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 shown, the resonant network unit and the cascode structure circuit 400 include: a first switching tube 404, a second inductor 405, a second switching tube 406, a third inductor 407, a second capacitor 408, a fourth inductor 409, a second bias voltage source 410, and a preset power supply 411.

[0106] Among them, the first end of the first switching tube 404 is grounded, and the control end of the first switching tube 404 is respectively connected to the second end of the first inductor and the first bias voltage source; the first end of the second switching tube 406 is connected to the second end of the first switching tube through the second inductor 405, the second end of the second switching tube 406 is connected to the preset power supply 411 through the third inductor 407, and the control end of the second switching tube 406 is connected to the second bias voltage source 410; the first end of the fourth inductor 409 is respectively connected to the second end of the first switching tube 404 and the second inductor 405, the first end of the second capacitor 408 is connected to the second end of the fourth inductor 409, and the second end of the second capacitor is respectively connected to the second bias voltage source 410 and the control end of the second switching tube 406.

[0107] In some embodiments, as Figure 5As shown, the resonant network unit and the cascode structure circuit 400 include: a third capacitor 412 and a fourth capacitor 413.

[0108] Among them, the first end of the third capacitor 412 is respectively connected to the first end of the second switching transistor and the second inductor, and the second end of the third capacitor 413 is grounded; the first end of the fourth capacitor 413 is respectively connected to the second end of the second switching transistor and the third inductor 412, and the second end of the fourth capacitor 413 is respectively connected to the third bias voltage source 425 and the input end of the cascode structure.

[0109] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 shown, the resonant network unit and the cascode structure circuit 400 include: a third third switching transistor 414, a fourth switching transistor 415, and a self - bias unit.

[0110] Among them, the first end of the third switching transistor 414 is grounded, and the control end of the third switching transistor 414 is respectively connected to the second end of the fourth capacitor and the third bias voltage source; the first end of the fourth switching transistor 415 is connected to the second end of the third switching transistor 414, and the second end of the fourth switching transistor 415 is connected to a preset power supply through a fifth inductor 416; the first end of the self - bias unit is grounded, the second end of the self - bias unit is respectively connected to the second end of the fourth switching transistor 415 and the fifth inductor 416, and the third end of the self - bias unit is connected to the control end of the fourth switching transistor 415 for realizing the self - bias of the fourth switching transistor 415.

[0111] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 shown, the self - bias unit includes: a fifth capacitor 418 and a first resistor 417.

[0112] Among them, the first end of the fifth capacitor 418 is grounded, and the second end of the fifth capacitor 418 is connected to the control end of the fourth switching transistor; the first end of the first resistor is respectively connected to the second end of the fifth capacitor 418 and the control end of the fourth switching transistor, and the second end of the first resistor 417 is respectively connected to the second end of the fourth switching transistor and the fifth inductor 418.

[0113] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 shown, the resonant network unit and the cascode structure circuit 400 include: a sixth capacitor 419 and a sixth inductor 420.

[0114] Among them, the first end of the sixth capacitor 419 is respectively connected to the second end of the fourth switching transistor and the fifth inductor; the first end of the sixth inductor 420 is connected to the first end of the sixth capacitor 419, and the second end of the sixth inductor 420 is connected to the input end of the first RF filter.

[0115] In some embodiments, as Figure 5As shown, the resonant network unit and the cascode structure circuit 400 include: a seventh capacitor 421 and a second resistor 422.

[0116] Wherein, the first end of the seventh capacitor 421 is respectively connected to the second end of the sixth inductor 422 and the input end of the first RF filter, and the second end of the seventh capacitor 421 is grounded; the first end of the second resistor 422 is respectively connected to the second end of the sixth inductor and the input end of the first RF filter, and the second end of the second resistor 422 is grounded.

[0117] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 shown, the resonant network unit and the cascode structure circuit 400 include: an eighth capacitor 423 and a seventh inductor 424.

[0118] Wherein, the first end of the eighth capacitor 423 is grounded; the first end of the seventh inductor 424 is connected to the second end of the eighth capacitor 423, and the second end of the seventh inductor 424 is respectively connected to the second end of the third switching transistor and the first end of the fourth switching transistor.

[0119] For example, the input end consists of a resonant network composed of a first inductor 402 and a first capacitor 401 to improve the impedance matching characteristic of the input end. The first switching transistor 404, the second switching transistor 406, the second inductor 405, the second capacitor 408, the third inductor 407, and the third capacitor 412 are used to obtain high gain and high output power. The third capacitor 412 is a bypass capacitor, the fourth inductor 409 is a high-frequency choke coil, the fourth capacitor 413 is a coupling capacitor. The third switching transistor 414 and the fourth switching transistor 415 are stacked to form a cascode structure. The first resistor 417 and the fifth capacitor 418 achieve the self-bias of the third switching transistor 414 to prevent the drain of the third switching transistor 414 from reverse breakdown. The sixth inductor 420 can resonate with the sixth capacitor 419 to filter out clutter; it forms an impedance transformation network with the eighth capacitor 423 to transform the load value. The seventh inductor 424 and the seventh capacitor 421 form an LC network to absorb the parasitic capacitance of the third switching transistor 414 and the fourth switching transistor 415, reducing the influence of the parasitic capacitance on the power amplification efficiency.

[0120] In some embodiments, as Figure 7 shown, the RF front-end unit 4000 includes an RF receiving unit 4200.

[0121] Wherein, the RF receiving unit 4200 is used to receive the RF signal sent by the superior controller.

[0122] As Figure 7 shown, the first wireless communication module 200 includes a demodulator 230.

[0123] Among them, the demodulator 230 is connected to the RF receiving unit 4200 and is used to demodulate the RF signal sent by the upper-level controller to obtain a demodulated signal.

[0124] In some embodiments, as Figure 6 shown, the RF receiving unit 4200 includes: a receiving antenna 4201, a second RF filter 4202, and a signal amplifier 4203.

[0125] Among them, the receiving antenna 4201 is used to receive the RF signal emitted by the upper-level controller; the input end of the second RF filter 4202 is connected to the receiving antenna 4201 and is used to filter the RF signal; the input end of the signal amplifier 4203 is connected to the output end of the second RF filter 4202 and is used to amplify the filtered RF signal.

[0126] Specifically, after the receiving antenna 4201 in the RF receiving unit 4200 receives the RF signal emitted by the upper-level controller, it sends the received RF signal to the second RF filter 4202. The second RF filter 4202 filters the RF signal and sends the filtered RF signal to the signal amplifier 4203. The signal amplifier 4203 amplifies the filtered RF signal.

[0127] In some embodiments, as Figure 6 shown, the demodulator 230 includes: a second resonator 4204, a third multiplier 4205, and a fourth multiplier 4206.

[0128] Among them, the second resonator 4204 is used to generate mutually orthogonal third carrier signals and fourth carrier signals based on the input resonance signal; the first input end of the third multiplier 4205 is connected to the output end of the signal amplifier, and the second input end of the third multiplier is connected to the first output end of the second resonator 4204, and is used to perform a multiplication operation on the I-channel signal of the RF signal and the third carrier signal and output a first I-channel multiplication operation result; the first input end of the fourth multiplier 4206 is connected to the output end of the signal amplifier, and the second input end of the fourth multiplier 4206 is connected to the second output end of the second resonator 4204, and is used to perform a multiplication operation on the Q-channel signal of the RF signal and the fourth carrier signal and output a first Q-channel multiplication operation result.

[0129] Specifically, the third carrier signal can be understood as the carrier signal generated by the second resonator 4204 and multiplied by the I-channel signal in the third multiplier 4205; the fourth carrier signal can be understood as the carrier signal generated by the second resonator 4204 and multiplied by the Q-channel signal in the third multiplier 4205; the first I-channel multiplication result can be understood as the result of multiplying the third carrier signal generated by the second resonator 4204 by the I-channel signal in the third multiplier; the first Q-channel multiplication result can be understood as the result of multiplying the fourth carrier signal generated by the second resonator 4204 by the Q-channel signal in the fourth multiplier.

[0130] In some embodiments, as Figure 6 shown, the demodulator 230 includes: a third low-pass filter 4207 and a fourth low-pass filter 4208.

[0131] Among them, the input end of the third low-pass filter 4207 is connected to the output end of the third multiplier, and is used for low-pass filtering the first I-channel multiplication result; the input end of the fourth low-pass filter 4208 is connected to the output end of the fourth multiplier, and is used for low-pass filtering the first Q-channel multiplication result.

[0132] In some embodiments, as Figure 6 shown, the demodulator 230 includes: a first differentiator 4209, a second differentiator 4210, a fifth multiplier 4211 and a sixth multiplier 4212.

[0133] Among them, the input end of the first differentiator 4209 is connected to the output end of the third low-pass filter, and is used for differentiating the first I-channel multiplication result and outputting an I-channel differentiation result; the input end of the second differentiator 4210 is connected to the output end of the fourth low-pass filter, and is used for differentiating the first Q-channel multiplication result and outputting a Q-channel differentiation result; the first input end of the fifth multiplier 4211 is connected to the output end of the third low-pass filter, and the second input end of the fifth multiplier is connected to the output end of the second differentiator 4210, and is used for multiplying the first I-channel multiplication result by the Q-channel differentiation result and outputting a second I-channel multiplication result; the first input end of the sixth multiplier 4212 is connected to the output end of the fourth low-pass filter, and the second input end of the sixth multiplier 4212 is connected to the output end of the first differentiator, and is used for multiplying the first Q-channel multiplication result by the I-channel differentiation result and outputting a second Q-channel multiplication result.

[0134] Specifically, after receiving the first I-channel multiplication operation result, the first differentiator 4209 performs differentiation processing and outputs the I-channel differentiation result. After receiving the first Q-channel multiplication operation result, the second differentiator 4210 performs differentiation processing and outputs the Q-channel differentiation result. After receiving the first I-channel multiplication operation result and the Q-channel differentiation result, the fifth multiplier 4211 performs a multiplication operation on the first I-channel multiplication operation result and the Q-channel differentiation result, and outputs the second I-channel multiplication operation result. After receiving the first Q-channel multiplication operation result and the I-channel differentiation result, the sixth multiplier 4212 performs a multiplication operation on the first Q-channel multiplication operation result and the I-channel differentiation result, and outputs the second Q-channel multiplication operation result. The second I-channel multiplication operation result can be understood as the result after the multiplication operation by the fifth multiplier 4211, and the second Q-channel multiplication operation result can be understood as the result after the multiplication operation by the sixth multiplier 4212.

[0135] In some embodiments, as Figure 6 shown, the demodulator 230 includes: a second adder 4213 and a sampling decision device 4214.

[0136] Among them, the first input end of the second adder 4213 is connected to the output end of the fifth multiplier, and the second input end of the second adder 4213 is connected to the output end of the sixth multiplier, and is used for adding the second I-channel multiplication operation result and the second Q-channel multiplication operation result and outputting the addition operation result; the input end of the sampling decision device 4214 is connected to the output end of the second adder, and is used for obtaining the demodulated signal according to the addition operation result.

[0137] Specifically, after receiving the second I-channel multiplication operation result and the second Q-channel multiplication operation result, the second adder 4213 adds the second I-channel multiplication operation result and the second Q-channel multiplication operation result and outputs the addition operation result to the sampling decision device 4214; after receiving the addition operation result output by the second adder 4213, the sampling decision device 4214 obtains the demodulated signal according to the addition operation result.

[0138] For example, the radio frequency signal received by the antenna is first filtered by a filter to remove interference, then amplified by a low-noise power amplifier, down-converted to a low intermediate frequency by a mixer, filtered by a filter to remove channel noise, and then demodulated. The I and Q channel signals are respectively the sine and cosine values of the baseband signal. The baseband signal can be obtained through a differentiator, and then through a sampling decision device, the 0 / 1 level is obtained to achieve demodulation. The demodulated data is then handed over to the battery management system for processing.

[0139] In some embodiments, as Figure 7 shown, the first wireless communication module 200 includes: a controller 240.

[0140] Among them, the controller 240 is respectively connected to the modulator and the demodulator, and is used to control the modulator and the demodulator.

[0141] Specifically, when the wireless communication module communicates, the controller 240 controls the modulator to modulate the battery state information sent by the acquisition module to obtain a modulated signal of the battery state information, and the controller 240 controls the demodulator to demodulate the radio frequency signal sent by the superior controller to obtain a demodulated signal.

[0142] In some embodiments, as Figure 7 shown, the acquisition module 110 includes: a voltage acquisition unit 111, a current acquisition unit 112, a temperature acquisition unit 113, and an internal resistance acquisition unit 114.

[0143] Among them, the voltage acquisition unit 111 is used to acquire the voltage of the single battery, the current acquisition unit 112 is used to acquire the current of the single battery, the temperature acquisition unit 113 is used to acquire the temperature of the battery pack, and the internal resistance acquisition unit 114 is used to acquire the internal resistance of the single battery.

[0144] In some embodiments, as Figure 7 shown, the analog front end 100 includes: a multiplexer 102, a digital-to-analog converter 103, a filter circuit 104, and a digital logic unit 105.

[0145] Among them, the input end of the multiplexer 102 is respectively connected to the voltage acquisition unit, the current acquisition unit, the temperature acquisition unit, and the internal resistance acquisition unit, and is used to transmit the battery state information; the input end of the digital-to-analog converter 103 is connected to the output end of the multiplexer 102, and is used to convert the analog signal of the battery state information into a digital signal; the input end of the filter circuit 104 is connected to the output end of the digital-to-analog converter 103, and is used to filter the digital signal; the first end of the digital logic unit 105 is connected to the output end of the filter circuit 104, the second end of the digital logic unit 105 is connected to the first wireless communication module, and is used to diagnose the battery state information, send the battery state information to the first wireless communication module, and obtain the control instruction corresponding to the radio frequency signal of the superior controller received by the first wireless communication module.

[0146] In some embodiments, as Figure 7 shown, the analog front end 100 includes: an equalization module 106.

[0147] Among them, the equalization module 106 is connected to the digital logic unit, and is used to perform power equalization processing on the single batteries in the battery pack.

[0148] In some embodiments, as Figure 7 shown, the analog front end 100 includes: a clock module 107 and a power supply module 108.

[0149] Among them, the clock module 107 is used to provide synchronous clock signals for each unit in the analog front end. The power supply module 108 is respectively connected to the equalization module 106, the clock module 107, the multiplexer, the digital-to-analog converter, the filter circuit, and the digital logic unit to provide power supply.

[0150] Specifically, the analog front-end acquisition unit of the wireless communication module is integrated in the present utility model. Each acquisition unit periodically acquires battery data and transmits the battery data to the upper-level control unit through the wireless network.

[0151] The wireless communication module is integrated in the analog front-end chip. One wireless communication module can communicate with multiple acquisition units at the same time, and each acquisition unit can also communicate with each other. The analog front-end chip sends data acquisition instructions through the wireless communication module. When the analog front-end chip receives the data acquisition instructions, it starts to acquire and monitor the battery data, and transmits the acquired data to the battery management system through the wireless network. The battery management system processes the data, that is, this transmission is completed, and waits for the next instruction.

[0152] The analog front-end chip includes an equalization module, a power supply module, a clock module, a digital logic unit, a multiplexer, a digital-to-analog converter, a filter circuit, a wireless communication module, etc.; the wireless communication module is integrated in the analog front-end chip and operates in the 2.4~2.48GHz ISM band. In the current solution, an independent wireless communication module is adopted and communicates with the acquisition unit through communication methods such as SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface), UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter), or I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit). In order to increase the communication reliability and reduce the use of wire harnesses, the wireless communication module is integrated into the analog front-end chip. When communicating, first start networking and perform initialization. If the startup is unsuccessful, continue to start networking. If the startup is successful, obtain the address of the current network manager, and judge whether the current address is the same as the set network manager address. If they are different, exit the current network. If they are the same, start to acquire battery data, and then transmit the battery data acquired by the analog front-end chip to the battery manager through the self-organized network. The wireless communication module in the battery manager receives the transmitted data, and then the battery manager analyzes and processes the data.

[0153] An embodiment of the second aspect of the present utility model provides a battery management system, as Figure 8 shown, the battery management system 500 includes: an analog front end 100 and a controller 240.

[0154] Among them, the controller 240 includes a second wireless communication module 241, and the second wireless communication module 241 is used to communicate with the first wireless communication module 200 of the analog front end 100.

[0155] Specifically, the battery management system of the present invention adopts a wireless communication method, integrates a wireless communication module in the analog front end chip, and uses a wireless ad hoc network technology to communicate with the wireless communication module in the upper-level controller, replacing the wired communication method using a twisted pair daisy chain cable in the existing solution.

[0156] The acquisition unit and the upper-level control unit of the present invention communicate with each other by wireless transmission, changing the communication method through a twisted pair daisy chain cable. First, it greatly reduces the weight of the battery system, improves the energy density of the system, and is beneficial to the endurance of the vehicle; on the other hand, the reliability is further improved. There are many cables inside the wired battery management system. The aging problem and easy looseness caused by the long-term use of the cables in the high-temperature environment inside the vehicle increase the probability of failure. However, using a wireless communication method avoids the occurrence of this failure and improves the reliability of the system; in addition, the isolation devices used at the communication end of the daisy chain cable to isolate external interference are reduced, reducing the complexity of the acquisition unit; finally, the harness constraint brought by wired communication is removed, making the layout of the battery pack more flexible, reducing the size to a certain extent, and being easy to maintain.

[0157] The present invention uses an analog front end chip integrated with a wireless communication module to collect the voltage, current, temperature, and internal resistance of the battery, removing the wire harness used between the acquisition module and the wireless communication module, further reducing the cost; secondly, it saves internal space, improves the space utilization rate, and is beneficial to the structural optimization of the battery management system; in addition, it reduces the risk of data loss caused by wire harness faults and greatly improves the reliability of the system.

[0158] The present invention adopts a wireless ad hoc network technology to realize the connection between the acquisition module and the upper-level control unit. The wireless communication module of the battery management system is used as a network manager, and the wireless acquisition unit is used as a network node. Each node can send and receive messages. The node transmits the data collected by the acquisition module to the network manager through the wireless network to realize communication with the upper-level control unit; this technology can naturally realize time synchronization measurement, effectively solving the problem that it is difficult to perform time synchronization measurement on voltage and current in wired communication.

[0159] According to the battery management system of the embodiments of the present utility model, by respectively arranging a first communication module and a second communication module in the analog front end and the controller, wireless communication can be carried out between the first wireless communication module and the second wireless communication module of each analog front end. The system has good robustness, will not cause communication failure of the entire system due to a single-point failure, and nodes in the wireless network can be flexibly added and deleted; the transmission of battery state information is realized through wireless communication, without considering the aging problem of communication wiring harnesses, reducing physical security risks, improving communication security, simplifying the structural design, and facilitating installation and maintenance; high integration is achieved, which is conducive to the efficient transmission of data, improves space utilization, and increases the flexibility of the system structure; compared with the wired communication in the related art for information transmission based on the daisy chain method, the communication path between the controller and the analog front end in this application is more diversified, and time synchronization channel hopping is realized, avoiding conflicts within the network, thereby maximizing scalability and reducing high power consumption and high latency caused by congestion; the communication quality is improved, and the complexity of the acquisition unit is reduced.

[0160] In some embodiments, as Figure 9 shown, the battery management system 500 includes: a plurality of analog front ends 100.

[0161] Specifically, the first wireless communication modules 200 of the plurality of analog front ends 100 communicate with each other, and the second wireless communication module 241 communicates with the first wireless communication module 200 of each analog front end 100 respectively.

[0162] For example, the present utility model realizes data transmission between the acquisition unit and the upper control unit. Taking the acquisition unit as a network node and the wireless communication module at the battery management system end as a network manager, a whole network is formed between the network manager and all nodes. Each node has multiple connection channels. When a certain line fails, other lines can be selected for communication, effectively avoiding single-point failures. The management process is as follows: The network manager performs channel scanning, establishes a wireless network, assigns network addresses to the nodes joining the network, establishes communication. For the nodes that have not joined the network, continue to try to join the network until successful. Then, the battery data periodically collected by the wireless analog front-end chip is transmitted to the battery management system through the wireless network, and the battery management system processes the data. If it is necessary to continue receiving data, the above data transmission process needs to be repeated. This networking technology has higher reliability compared with the traditional communication method using wiring harnesses.

[0163] The third aspect embodiment of the present utility model provides a vehicle, as Figure 10 shown, the vehicle 600 includes: a battery pack 610 and a battery management system 500.

[0164] Among them, the battery pack 610 includes a plurality of battery modules 611, each battery module 611 includes at least one single cell, and the battery management system 500 is connected to each battery module.

[0165] For a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present utility model, the battery management system is connected to each battery module, obtains battery module information through a wireless communication method, realizes the management and control of the battery module by the battery management system, improves communication security protection, simplifies the structural design, and facilitates installation and maintenance; realizes high integration, is conducive to efficient data transmission, and improves space utilization, increasing the flexibility of the system structure; the communication path is more diverse, realizes time synchronization channel hopping, avoids conflicts within the network, thereby maximizes scalability, and reduces high power consumption and high latency caused by congestion, improving communication quality.

[0166] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "schematic embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, substrates, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0167] Although the embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the present utility model, and the scope of the present utility model is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An analog front end, characterized in that: include: A collection module connected to the battery pack and used to detect battery status information of a single battery in the battery pack, wherein the battery pack includes at least one single battery; A first wireless communication module, wherein the first wireless communication module comprises: A modulator, used for modulating the battery status information to obtain a modulation signal; A radio frequency front end unit, wherein the radio frequency front end unit comprises a radio frequency transmitting unit, and the radio frequency transmitting unit is connected to the modulator and is used to send a modulated signal of the battery status information.

2. The analog front end according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modulator comprises: An accumulator, used for performing phase accumulation on the modulated signal and outputting a phase accumulation result; An IQ modulation unit, the IQ modulation unit is connected to the accumulator and is used to perform IQ modulation on the phase accumulation result to obtain a modulation signal of the battery status information.

3. The analog front end according to claim 2, characterized in that: The IQ modulation unit comprises: An I-channel modulation subunit, the input end of which is connected to the accumulator, for obtaining an I-channel modulation signal; A Q-path modulation subunit, the input end of which is connected to the accumulator, for obtaining a Q-path modulation signal; A mixing subunit, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the I-channel modulation subunit and the output end of the Q-channel modulation subunit, and is used to mix the I-channel modulation signal and the Q-channel modulation signal to obtain a modulation signal of the battery status information.

4. The analog front end according to claim 3, characterized in that: The I-channel modulation subunit comprises: A first phase-to-amplitude converter, wherein an input end of the first phase-to-amplitude converter is connected to the accumulator and is used to convert the phase accumulation result into I-channel signal amplitude information; A first digital-to-analog converter, wherein an input end of the first digital-to-analog converter is connected to an output end of the first phase-to-amplitude converter, and is used to convert the amplitude information of the I-channel signal into an I-channel analog signal; A first low-pass filter, wherein the input end of the first low-pass filter is connected to the output end of the first digital-to-analog converter, and is used for performing low-pass filtering on the I-channel analog signal.

5. The analog front end according to claim 4, characterized in that: The Q-path modulation subunit comprises: A second phase-to-amplitude converter, wherein an input end of the second phase-to-amplitude converter is connected to the accumulator and is used for converting the phase accumulation result into Q-path signal amplitude information; a second digital-to-analog converter, wherein an input end of the second digital-to-analog converter is connected to an output end of the second phase-to-amplitude converter, and is used to convert the Q-channel signal amplitude information into a Q-channel analog signal; A second low-pass filter, wherein the input end of the second low-pass filter is connected to the output end of the second digital-to-analog converter, and is used for performing low-pass filtering on the Q-path analog signal.

6. The analog front end according to claim 5, characterized in that: The frequency mixing subunit comprises: A first resonator, configured to generate a first carrier signal and a second carrier signal that are orthogonal to each other based on an input resonance signal; a first multiplier, wherein a first input end of the first multiplier is connected to an output end of the first low-pass filter, and a second input end of the first multiplier is connected to a first output end of the first resonator, and is used to perform a multiplication operation on the I-channel analog signal and the first carrier signal and output a first multiplication result; a second multiplier, wherein a first input end of the second multiplier is connected to an output end of the second low-pass filter, and a second input end of the second multiplier is connected to a second output end of the first resonator, and is used to perform a multiplication operation on the Q-channel analog signal and the second carrier signal and output a second multiplication result; A first adder, wherein a first input end of the first adder is connected to the first multiplier, a second input end of the first adder is connected to the second multiplier, and an output end of the first adder is connected to the RF transmitting unit, and is used to add the first multiplication result and the second multiplication result to obtain a modulation signal of the battery status information.

7. The analog front end according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first digital-to-analog converter and the second digital-to-analog converter respectively include the following circuits: a resistor network, wherein a first end of the resistor network is connected to a first power source, a second end of the resistor network is connected to a second power source, a power source voltage of the second power source is lower than a power source voltage of the first power source, and the resistor network includes a plurality of resistor branches; a plurality of analog switches, each of the analog switches comprising a switch, a first contact and a second contact, the first ends of the plurality of switches being connected to the output ends of the plurality of resistance branches in a one-to-one correspondence, the first contacts of the plurality of switches being connected to a first summary line, the first summary line being connected to the second power supply, the second contacts of the plurality of switches being connected to the second summary line, the control end of each of the switches being connected to the output end of the first phase-amplitude converter or the output end of the second phase-amplitude converter, and being used to be connected to the corresponding first contact or the second contact according to an input digital signal, the digital signal corresponding to the amplitude information of the Q-path signal or the amplitude information of the I-path signal; An operational amplifier unit, wherein the reverse input terminal of the operational amplifier unit is connected to the second aggregation line, the forward input terminal of the operational amplifier unit is connected to the second power supply, the output terminal of the operational amplifier unit is connected to the first low-pass filter or the second low-pass filter, and the operational amplifier unit is used to output a voltage according to the connection state of the switch and the corresponding contact.

8. The analog front end according to claim 6, characterized in that: The radio frequency transmitting unit comprises: a power amplifier, wherein an input end of the power amplifier is connected to an output end of the first adder and is used to amplify the modulation signal of the battery status information; A first radio frequency filter, wherein an input end of the first radio frequency filter is connected to an output end of the power amplifier, and is used for performing radio frequency filtering on the amplified modulated signal; A transmitting antenna, the transmitting antenna is connected to the output end of the first radio frequency filter and is used to transmit the modulated signal after radio frequency filtering.

9. The analog front end according to claim 8, characterized in that: The power amplifier comprises: A gain circuit unit, used to increase the gain and output power of the modulation signal of the battery status information; A common source and common gate structure, wherein the input end of the common source and common gate structure is connected to the output end of the gain circuit unit, and the output end of the common source and common gate structure is connected to the input end of the first radio frequency filter, and is used to amplify the modulated signal of the battery status information output by the gain circuit unit.

10. The analog front end according to claim 9, characterized in that: The power amplifier further comprises: A resonance network unit, wherein the input end of the resonance network unit is connected to the output end of the first adder, and the output end of the resonance network unit is connected to the input end of the gain circuit unit, for adjusting the impedance matching characteristic of the input end of the gain circuit unit.

11. The analog front end according to claim 10, characterized in that: The resonant network unit comprises: a first capacitor, wherein a first end of the first capacitor is connected to an output end of the first adder; A first inductor, wherein a first end of the first inductor is connected to a second end of the first capacitor, and a second end of the first inductor is connected to an input end of the gain circuit unit and a first bias voltage source respectively.

12. The analog front end according to claim 11, characterized in that: The gain circuit unit comprises: A first switch tube, wherein a first end of the first switch tube is grounded, and a control end of the first switch tube is connected to the second end of the first inductor and the first bias voltage source respectively; a second switch tube, wherein a first end of the second switch tube is connected to a second end of the first switch tube through a second inductor, a second end of the second switch tube is connected to a preset power supply through a third inductor, and a control end of the second switch tube is connected to a second bias voltage source; A fourth inductor and a second capacitor, wherein a first end of the fourth inductor is connected to the second end of the first switch tube and the second inductor respectively, a first end of the second capacitor is connected to the second end of the fourth inductor, and a second end of the second capacitor is connected to the second bias voltage source and the control end of the second switch tube respectively.

13. The analog front end according to claim 12, characterized in that: The gain circuit unit also includes: a third capacitor, wherein a first end of the third capacitor is connected to the first end of the second switch tube and the second inductor respectively, and a second end of the third capacitor is grounded; A fourth capacitor, wherein a first end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the second end of the second switch tube and the third inductor respectively, and a second end of the fourth capacitor is connected to the third bias voltage source and the input end of the common source and common gate structure respectively.

14. The analog front end according to claim 13, characterized in that: The cascode structure comprises: a third switch tube, wherein a first end of the third switch tube is grounded, and a control end of the third switch tube is connected to the second end of the fourth capacitor and the third bias voltage source respectively; a fourth switch tube, wherein a first end of the fourth switch tube is connected to a second end of the third switch tube, and a second end of the fourth switch tube is connected to a preset power supply through a fifth inductor; A self-bias unit, wherein a first end of the self-bias unit is grounded, a second end of the self-bias unit is respectively connected to the second end of the fourth switch tube and the fifth inductor, and a third end of the self-bias unit is connected to the control end of the fourth switch tube, for realizing self-biasing of the fourth switch tube.

15. The analog front end according to claim 14, characterized in that: The self-biasing unit comprises: a fifth capacitor, wherein a first end of the fifth capacitor is grounded, and a second end of the fifth capacitor is connected to the control end of the fourth switch tube; A first resistor, wherein a first end of the first resistor is connected to the second end of the fifth capacitor and the control end of the fourth switch tube respectively, and a second end of the first resistor is connected to the second end of the fourth switch tube and the fifth inductor respectively.

16. The analog front end according to claim 14, characterized in that The cascode structure further includes: a sixth capacitor, wherein a first end of the sixth capacitor is connected to the second end of the fourth switch tube and the fifth inductor respectively; A sixth inductor, wherein a first end of the sixth inductor is connected to a first end of the sixth capacitor, and a second end of the sixth inductor is connected to an input end of the first radio frequency filter.

17. The analog front end according to claim 16, characterized in that: The cascode structure further includes: a seventh capacitor, wherein a first end of the seventh capacitor is connected to the second end of the sixth inductor and the input end of the first radio frequency filter respectively, and a second end of the seventh capacitor is grounded; A second resistor, wherein a first end of the second resistor is respectively connected to the second end of the sixth inductor and the input end of the first radio frequency filter, and a second end of the second resistor is grounded.

18. The analog front end according to claim 14, characterized in that: The cascode structure further includes: An eighth capacitor, a first end of which is grounded; A seventh inductor, wherein a first end of the seventh inductor is connected to the second end of the eighth capacitor, and a second end of the seventh inductor is connected to the second end of the third switch tube and the first end of the fourth switch tube respectively.

19. The analog front end according to claim 1, characterized in that The RF front-end unit also includes a RF receiving unit for receiving a RF signal sent by a superior controller; The first wireless communication module also includes: The demodulator is connected to the radio frequency receiving unit and is used to demodulate the radio frequency signal sent by the upper-level controller to obtain a demodulated signal.

20. The analog front end according to claim 19, characterized in that The radio frequency receiving unit comprises: A receiving antenna, used to receive the radio frequency signal transmitted by the upper controller; A second radio frequency filter, wherein an input end of the second radio frequency filter is connected to the receiving antenna and is used to filter the radio frequency signal; A signal amplifier, wherein the input end of the signal amplifier is connected to the output end of the second radio frequency filter, and is used to amplify the filtered radio frequency signal.

21. The analog front end according to claim 20, characterized in that The demodulator comprises: a second resonator, for generating a third carrier signal and a fourth carrier signal which are orthogonal to each other based on the input resonance signal; a third multiplier, wherein a first input end of the third multiplier is connected to the output end of the signal amplifier, and a second input end of the third multiplier is connected to the first output end of the second resonator, and is used to multiply the I-way signal of the radio frequency signal with the third carrier signal and output a first I-way multiplication result; A fourth multiplier, wherein a first input end of the fourth multiplier is connected to the output end of the signal amplifier, and a second input end of the fourth multiplier is connected to the second output end of the second resonator, and is used to multiply the Q-path signal of the RF signal with the fourth carrier signal and output a first Q-path multiplication result.

22. The analog front end according to claim 21, characterized in that The demodulator also includes: a third low-pass filter, the input end of the third low-pass filter being connected to the output end of the third multiplier, and being used for performing low-pass filtering on the first I-way multiplication operation results; A fourth low-pass filter, wherein the input end of the fourth low-pass filter is connected to the output end of the fourth multiplier, and is used for performing low-pass filtering on the first Q-path multiplication result.

23. The analog front end according to claim 22, characterized in that The demodulator also includes: A first differentiator, wherein an input end of the first differentiator is connected to an output end of the third low-pass filter, and is used for performing differentiation processing on the first I-way multiplication operation results and outputting I-way differentiation results; A second differentiator, the input end of the second differentiator is connected to the output end of the fourth low-pass filter, and is used to perform differentiation processing on the first Q-path multiplication result and output a Q-path differentiation result; a fifth multiplier, wherein a first input terminal of the fifth multiplier is connected to the output terminal of the third low-pass filter, a second input terminal of the fifth multiplier is connected to the output terminal of the second differentiator, and is used to multiply the first I-way multiplication result by the Q-way differentiation result and output a second I-way multiplication result; A sixth multiplier, wherein the first input end of the sixth multiplier is connected to the output end of the fourth low-pass filter, and the second input end of the sixth multiplier is connected to the output end of the first differentiator, and is used to multiply the first Q-path multiplication result with the I-path differentiation result and output a second Q-path multiplication result.

24. The analog front end according to claim 23, characterized in that: The demodulator also includes: a second adder, wherein a first input end of the second adder is connected to an output end of the fifth multiplier, and a second input end of the second adder is connected to an output end of the sixth multiplier, and is used for adding the second I-way multiplication result and the second Q-way multiplication result and outputting the addition result; A sampling decision device, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the second adder, and is used to obtain a demodulated signal according to the addition operation result.

25. The analog front end according to claim 19, characterized in that The first wireless communication module also includes: A controller is connected to the modulator and the demodulator respectively, and is used to control the modulator and the demodulator.

26. The analog front end according to any one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that: The acquisition module comprises: A voltage collection unit, used for collecting the voltage of the single battery; A current collection unit, used to collect the current of the single battery; A temperature collection unit, used to collect the temperature of the battery pack; The internal resistance acquisition unit is used to acquire the internal resistance of the single battery.

27. The analog front end according to claim 26, characterized in that The analog front end also includes: a multiplexer, wherein an input end of the multiplexer is respectively connected to the voltage acquisition unit, the current acquisition unit, the temperature acquisition unit and the internal resistance acquisition unit, and is used to transmit the battery status information; A digital-to-analog converter, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the multiplexer, and is used to convert the analog signal of the battery status information into a digital signal; A filter circuit, the input end of the filter circuit is connected to the output end of the digital-to-analog converter, and is used to filter the digital signal; A digital logic unit, wherein a first end of the digital logic unit is connected to an output end of the filter circuit, and a second end of the digital logic unit is connected to the first wireless communication module, and is used to diagnose the battery status information, send the battery status information to the first wireless communication module, and obtain control instructions corresponding to the radio frequency signal of the upper controller received by the first wireless communication module.

28. The analog front end according to claim 27, characterized in that The analog front end also includes: A balancing module is connected to the digital logic unit and is used to perform power balancing processing on the single cells in the battery pack.

29. The analog front end according to claim 28, characterized in that The analog front end also includes: A clock module, which is used to provide a synchronous clock signal for each unit in the analog front end; A power supply module is connected to the equalization module, the clock module, the multiplexer, the digital-to-analog converter, the filter circuit and the digital logic unit respectively to provide power supply.

30. A battery management system, characterized in that: include: At least one analog front end as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 29; A controller includes a second wireless communication module, wherein the second wireless communication module is used to communicate with the first wireless communication module of the analog front end.

31. The battery management system according to claim 30, characterized in that: The battery management system includes a plurality of the analog front ends; The first wireless communication modules of the plurality of analog front ends communicate with each other; The second wireless communication module communicates with each first wireless communication module of the analog front end respectively.

32. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: A battery pack, the battery pack comprising a plurality of battery groups, each of the battery groups comprising at least one single battery; The battery management system of claim 30 or 31, wherein the battery management system is connected to each of the battery packs.

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