Grain surface airtight system of granary

Abstract

The utility model discloses a grain surface airtight system of a granary, which comprises a plastic film, the periphery of the plastic film is hermetically laid around the inner wall of the granary through a plastic sealing groove pipe, and the periphery of the plastic film is laid on the inner wall of the granary between a grain condition inspection door and a granary top. The bag part of the plastic film can droop to the grain surface in the granary, and the space between the upper portion of the plastic film and the bottom of the granary top is communicated with a breathing pipe extending out of the granary. After the grain surface airtight system of the granary is installed, one-time forming is achieved, fumigation and air conditioning do not need to be disassembled and assembled, and operation is easy and convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of gas-controlled grain storage, and in particular to an airtight system for grain surfaces of a granary. Background Art

[0002] The use of plastic film to seal grain surfaces is a traditional practice with Chinese grain storage characteristics, and has thus formed a "double-low" and "three-low" grain storage management model. The functions of film sealing grain surfaces are: (1) solving the problem of poor air tightness in the original warehouse and the failure to kill insects, thereby improving the fumigation effect; (2) grain pile sealing reduces the adverse effects of hot and humid climate conditions outside, and improves grain storage stability; (3) grain piles are sealed and covered in time for low-temperature storage, which inhibits grain respiration and the growth of insects and mold, helping to maintain the freshness and quality of grain.

[0003] In the past, my country's grain warehouses were relatively small, and when plastic film was used to seal the grain surface, the film was not large, so the custodians could easily move the grain from the grain pile to the upper and lower parts or move it inside the warehouse, and complete the sealing or removal of the film. However, since the 1990s, especially in the newly built warehouses after 1998, the grain piles have become larger and larger, and the area of ​​plastic film used has also become larger and larger. The traditional plastic film for sealing the grain surface is to use a plastic sealing groove tube to surround the inner wall of the grain warehouse, and the height from the grain surface is about 100mm. It has the following shortcomings: 1. It needs to be disassembled and assembled according to the usage, which is labor-intensive; 2. The installation position is close to the grain surface, which is easy to be trampled and damaged, causing air leakage; 3. It is easy to cause condensation under the film, causing the grain to mold; 4. Plastic film isolation is not conducive to monitoring and observing the grain situation; 5. When sampling, it is necessary to punch holes in the film, and then repair it after sampling.

[0004] With the advancement of technology, high-efficiency airtight doors and windows have been developed, and the airtightness of airtight doors and windows can be improved from 120 seconds in the half-life of 1000pa to more than 3000 seconds, which means that doors and windows do not need to be covered with film to meet the requirements of gas-controlled storage of grain in the whole warehouse. However, in the process of gas-controlled storage of the whole warehouse, a large amount of gas needs to be consumed because the air in the space above the grain surface needs to be replaced. Covering the grain surface of the granary can reduce the consumption of gas-controlled gas. However, the traditional grain surface sealing has the problems of large workload of laying and removing the film, which brings great inconvenience to the sealing work. As a result, some grain depot staff try not to use or use less film to seal the grain surface in actual work to avoid trouble. In this way, the role of film sealing grain pile technology in safe grain storage cannot be brought into play, which has also become one of the problems that need to be solved urgently in the national grain reserve. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new type of grain surface airtight system for granaries. Summary of the invention

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a grain surface airtight system for a granary in view of the problems existing in the prior art. After the designed grain surface airtight system is installed, it is formed in one step, and fumigation and gas conditioning do not require disassembly and assembly, and the operation is simple.

[0006] The utility model is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A grain surface airtight system for a granary, comprising a plastic film. The periphery of the plastic film is hermetically laid around the inner wall of the granary through a plastic sealing groove pipe. The periphery of the plastic film is laid on the inner wall of the granary between the grain condition inspection door and the granary top. Further preferably: The plastic sealing groove pipe is laid around the inner wall of the granary at a distance of 5 - 20 cm below the granary top. A ventilation and airtight window is provided on the granary. The bladder part of the plastic film can droop to the grain surface inside the granary. A breathing pipe extending outside the granary is communicated with the space between the upper part of the plastic film and the bottom of the granary top. During fumigation operations, before adding medicine, the inflation valve is opened, and low-pressure gas is inflated into the space above the plastic film through the perforated air pipe arranged on the granary top, so that the plastic film adheres to the grain surface, reducing the air in the space above the grain surface. When releasing gas, the exhaust valve is opened, and air is extracted from the space above the plastic film through the perforated air pipe arranged on the granary top, so that the plastic film shrinks away from the grain surface, facilitating the opening of the ventilation and airtight window and the grain condition inspection door for ventilation and gas release. During the operation of entering the granary and monitoring and observing, the exhaust valve is also opened, and air is extracted from the space above the plastic film through the perforated air pipe arranged on the granary top, so that the plastic film shrinks away from the grain surface, facilitating the operation of entering the granary and monitoring and observing.

[0008] Further preferably: The bottom of the granary top is provided with a perforated air pipe, and the perforated air pipe is communicated with the breathing pipe.

[0009] Further preferably: The breathing pipe is connected with an exhaust air pipe, an inflation pipe and an extraction pipe. A vent valve is installed on the exhaust air pipe, an inflation valve is installed on the inflation pipe, and an extraction valve is installed on the extraction pipe.

[0010] In order to realize the controlled atmosphere operation of the granary, a controlled atmosphere pipeline needs to be set up, that is, an air duct for controlled atmosphere is connected to the inner wall between the bottom surface of the plastic film and the grain surface. The upper end of the air duct for controlled atmosphere is communicated with the space between the bottom surface of the plastic film and the grain surface. The lower end of the air duct for controlled atmosphere is communicated with the airtight ventilation opening of the granary. A circulation fan is installed on the air duct for controlled atmosphere. The air ducts at the upper and lower ends of the circulation fan are communicated through a bypass pipe. An air inlet and outlet duct three is connected to the bypass pipe. An air inlet and outlet valve three is installed on the air inlet and outlet duct three. A butterfly valve two is installed on the bypass pipe above the air inlet and outlet duct three. An air inlet and outlet duct one is connected to the air duct for controlled atmosphere above the bypass pipe. An air inlet and outlet valve one is installed on the air inlet and outlet duct one. A butterfly valve one is installed on the air duct for controlled atmosphere between the air inlet and outlet duct one and the bypass pipe. An air inlet and outlet duct two is connected to the air duct for controlled atmosphere between the lower end of the circulation fan and the lower end of the bypass pipe. An air inlet and outlet valve two is installed on the air inlet and outlet duct two. A butterfly valve three is installed on the air duct for controlled atmosphere between the air inlet and outlet duct two and the lower end of the bypass pipe.

[0011] The controlled atmosphere operation is divided into nitrogen controlled atmosphere operation or carbon dioxide controlled atmosphere operation; the process of the nitrogen controlled atmosphere operation is as follows: Before the controlled atmosphere operation, open the inflation valve, and the low-pressure gas is inflated into the space above the plastic film through the perforated air pipe arranged on the warehouse top, so that the plastic film is close to the grain surface, reducing the air in the space above the grain surface. Then close the inflation valve and open the vent valve to start the controlled atmosphere operation; Connect the nitrogen pipeline to the air inlet and outlet pipe 1, close the butterfly valve 1, butterfly valve 3 and the air inlet and outlet valve 3, open the air inlet and outlet valve 1, butterfly valve 2, air inlet and outlet valve 2 and the circulation fan. Nitrogen is inflated from the grain surface, lifting the plastic film to form a nitrogen space on the grain surface, and the air in the pores of the grain pile is discharged out of the warehouse through the exhaust pipe equipped in the lower layer of the grain pile, the air inlet and outlet valve 2 and the air inlet and outlet pipe 2. When the air bag of the plastic film sinks, stop the circulation fan, repeat the above process, regularly detect the nitrogen concentration at the air inlet and outlet valve 2. When the target concentration is reached, close the air inlet and outlet valve 1, air inlet and outlet valve 2, butterfly valve 2 and the circulation fan. After a certain period of time, detect the nitrogen concentration at the air inlet and outlet pipe 3. If it is lower than the target concentration, supplement nitrogen according to the procedure at the start of the controlled atmosphere operation.

[0012] Further preferably: The process of the carbon dioxide controlled atmosphere operation is as follows: Before the controlled atmosphere operation, open the inflation valve, and the low-pressure gas is inflated into the space above the plastic film through the perforated air pipe arranged on the warehouse top, so that the plastic film is close to the grain surface, reducing the air in the space above the grain surface. Then close the inflation valve and open the vent valve to start the controlled atmosphere operation; Connect the carbon dioxide pipeline to the air inlet and outlet pipe 3, close the butterfly valve 2, butterfly valve 3 and the air inlet and outlet valve 1, open the butterfly valve 1, air inlet and outlet valve 2, air inlet and outlet valve 3 and the circulation fan. Carbon dioxide is sent into the ventilation duct in the lower layer of the grain pile, and the air in the pores of the grain pile is lifted upward to lift the plastic film to form a carbon dioxide gas space on the grain surface, and the gas is then discharged out of the warehouse through the exhaust pipe equipped in the upper layer of the grain pile, the controlled atmosphere pipe and the air inlet and outlet valve 2. When the air bag of the plastic film sinks, stop the circulation fan, repeat the above process, regularly detect the carbon dioxide concentration at the air inlet and outlet valve 2. When the target concentration is reached, close the air inlet and outlet valve 3, air inlet and outlet valve 2, butterfly valve 1 and the circulation fan. After a certain period of time, detect the carbon dioxide concentration at the air inlet and outlet valve 1. If it is lower than the target concentration, supplement carbon dioxide gas according to the procedure at the start of the controlled atmosphere operation.

[0013] The advantages of the grain surface airtight system of this granary are as follows: The periphery of the plastic film is laid on the inner wall of the granary between the grain condition inspection door and the granary top, about 10 cm below the lower side of the granary top. The bladder part of the plastic film can droop to the grain surface inside the granary. The space between the upper part of the plastic film and the bottom of the granary top is connected to a breathing pipe extending outside the granary. After installation, it is formed in one piece and does not need to be disassembled and assembled regularly. During fumigation and controlled atmosphere operations, before adding medicine, open the inflation valve, and low-pressure gas is inflated into the space above the plastic film through the perforated air pipe arranged on the granary top, making the plastic film close to the grain surface and reducing the air in the space above the grain surface. When releasing gas, open the air extraction valve, and extract gas from the space above the plastic film through the perforated air pipe arranged on the granary top, making the plastic film shrink away from the grain surface, which is convenient for opening the ventilation airtight window and the grain condition inspection door for ventilation and gas release without disassembling and assembling the plastic film. During the operation of entering the granary and monitoring and observing, also open the air extraction valve, and extract gas from the space above the plastic film through the perforated air pipe arranged on the granary top, making the plastic film shrink away from the grain surface. When the management personnel enter the granary for operation, they do not contact the plastic film, and they can directly take samples without punching holes in the film, which will not cause damage. When monitoring and observing the grain condition, there is no plastic film obstruction, which is convenient for entering the granary for operation and monitoring and observing. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic layout structure diagram of the grain surface airtight system of the granary;

[0015] The names corresponding to the numbers in the figure are:

[0016] 1. Granary; 2. Plastic film; 3. Ventilation airtight window; 4. Plastic sealing groove pipe; 5. Perforated air pipe; 6. Granary top; 7. Breathing pipe; 8. Grain condition inspection door; 9. Emptying valve; 10. Inflation valve; 11. Air extraction valve; 12. Controlled atmosphere pipe; 13. Inlet and exhaust valve one; 14. Inlet and exhaust air pipe one; 15. Butterfly valve one; 16. Butterfly valve two; 17. Circulation fan; 18. Side pipe; 19. Inlet and exhaust valve two; 20. Inlet and exhaust air pipe two; 21. Inlet and exhaust air pipe three; 22. Inlet and exhaust valve three; 23. Butterfly valve three; 24. Airtight ventilation opening. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0017] Next, in combination with the embodiments, the technical solutions in the invention will be described clearly and completely. The described embodiments are only a part of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Embodiment 1

[0018] A grain surface airtight system for a granary, comprising a plastic film 2. The periphery of the plastic film 2 is hermetically laid around the inner wall of the granary 1 through a plastic sealing groove pipe 4. The periphery of the plastic film 2 is laid on the inner wall of the granary 1 between the grain condition inspection door 8 and the granary top 6. The plastic sealing groove pipe 4 is laid around the inner wall of the granary at a position 10 cm below the lower side of the granary top 6. A ventilation airtight window 3 is provided on the granary 1 opposite to the grain condition inspection door 8. The sac part of the plastic film 2 can droop to the grain surface in the granary 1. A breathing pipe 7 extending outside the granary 1 is communicated with the space between the upper part of the plastic film 2 and the bottom of the granary top 6. During fumigation operation, before adding medicine, the inflation valve 10 is opened, and low-pressure gas is inflated into the space above the plastic film 2 through the perforated air pipe 5 arranged on the granary top, so that the plastic film 2 is close to the grain surface, reducing the air in the space above the grain surface. When releasing gas, the air extraction valve 11 is opened, and air is extracted from the space above the plastic film 2 through the perforated air pipe 5 arranged on the granary top, so that the plastic film 2 shrinks away from the grain surface, facilitating the opening of the ventilation airtight window 3 and the grain condition inspection door 8 for ventilation and gas release. During the operation of entering the granary and monitoring and observing, the air extraction valve 11 is also opened, and air is extracted from the space above the plastic film 2 through the perforated air pipe 5 arranged on the granary top, so that the plastic film 2 shrinks away from the grain surface, facilitating the operation of entering the granary and monitoring and observing.

[0019] The bottom of the granary top 6 is provided with a perforated air pipe 5, and the perforated air pipe 5 is communicated with the breathing pipe 7.

[0020] The breathing pipe 7 is connected with an exhaust pipe, an inflation pipe and an air extraction pipe. A vent valve 9 is installed on the exhaust pipe, an inflation valve 10 is installed on the inflation pipe, and an air extraction valve 11 is installed on the air extraction pipe.

[0021] The above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Those of ordinary skill in the art in the technical field of the present invention, within the scope of the essence of the present invention, any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grain surface airtight system for a granary, comprising a plastic film (2), the periphery of the plastic film (2) being sealed and laid around the inner wall of the granary (1) through a plastic sealing groove tube (4), characterized in that: The periphery of the plastic film (2) is laid on the inner wall of the granary (1) between the grain inspection door (8) and the granary roof (6), the bag portion of the plastic film (2) can be drooped to the grain surface in the granary (1), and the space between the top of the plastic film (2) and the bottom of the granary roof (6) is connected to a breathing tube (7) extending out of the granary (1).

2. The grain surface airtight system of the granary according to claim 1 is characterized by: The bottom of the silo top (6) is provided with an open-hole air pipe (5), and the open-hole air pipe (5) is connected to the breathing pipe (7).

3. The grain surface airtight system of the granary according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The breathing tube (7) is connected to an exhaust pipe, an air charging pipe and an air extraction pipe. The exhaust pipe is provided with a vent valve (9), the air charging pipe is provided with an air charging valve (10), and the air extraction pipe is provided with an air extraction valve (11).

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