Optical analysis mounting structure for hemodialysis

Abstract

The utility model provides an optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis, which comprises a light path box, an invisible light source, a pipeline, a first light receiver and a second light receiver, the invisible light source is utilized to irradiate solution in the pipeline, the light receivers are utilized to receive invisible light transmitted by the pipeline, and intensity values before and after the invisible light irradiates the pipeline are obtained. The urea nitrogen concentration of the solution in the pipeline can be easily obtained by utilizing the Lambert-Beer law, so that the urea nitrogen concentration of a dialysis patient can be accurately obtained in real time without blood sampling inspection, and the problem of how to obtain the urea nitrogen concentration of the dialysis patient in real time is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of medical technology, and particularly relates to an optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis. Background Art

[0002] Hemodialysis is one of the commonly used methods of blood purification. It mainly refers to establishing an extracorporeal circulation through a hemodialysis device, injecting the patient's blood and dialysate into a dialyzer at the same time, and using the diffusion effect of the semipermeable membrane of the dialyzer to remove small molecule metabolic wastes or harmful substances in the blood, so as to achieve the purpose of correcting the patient's water load, electrolyte disorder, acid-base imbalance, etc. Clinically, hemodialysis is commonly used in the treatment of acute and chronic renal failure, as well as drug or poison poisoning.

[0003] Currently, in order to evaluate the adequacy of a patient's dialysis to ensure the dialysis treatment effect, it is usually necessary to detect the urea nitrogen concentration of the patient in real time. When the urea nitrogen content in the patient's body is very high, necessary measures need to be taken for intervention to reduce the occurrence of complications; at the same time, the flow rate of the dialysate during the patient's dialysis can be adjusted according to the feedback of urea nitrogen to ensure that the Kt / V value of the patient during dialysis is >1.2.

[0004] However, the existing method for detecting urea nitrogen concentration is blood sampling and testing, that is, the patient is required to draw blood frequently. This will not only cause the patient's blood vessels and skin to become red, swollen and bruised due to frequent blood drawing, but also have a certain adverse effect on the patient's hematopoietic system, and even cause the patient to have a resistant psychology, resulting in poor compliance. In addition, the method of blood sampling and testing will also increase the workload of medical staff, occupy a certain amount of medical testing resources, and because the blood sampling equipment is disposable, it will also cause waste of instruments. In addition, the method of blood sampling and testing cannot obtain the test results in time, there is a certain delay, resulting in the dialysis parameters unable to be adjusted in time according to the test results at that time, affecting the dialysis effect.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a device that does not consume blood and can monitor the urea nitrogen concentration of the dialysate in real time. The device provided by the utility model uses invisible light of a specific wavelength to pass through the liquid in the dialyzer pipeline, and reflects the urea nitrogen concentration of the liquid by detecting the light absorption rate, so as to provide a reference for timely adjustment of dialysis parameters. Summary of the Utility Model

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis to solve the problem of how to obtain the urea nitrogen concentration of the dialysate of a dialysis patient in real time.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides an optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis, including:

[0008] Optical path box, in which there is an incident optical path pipeline and a first outgoing optical path pipeline that runs through the incident optical path pipeline in a straight line along the optical path. The first outgoing optical path pipeline is divided into a separated first outgoing section and a second outgoing section;

[0009] Invisible light source, arranged at the free end of the incident optical path pipeline;

[0010] Pipeline, containing a solution, arranged in the first outgoing section, used to absorb part of the invisible light emitted by the invisible light source;

[0011] First optical receiver, arranged at the free end of the first outgoing section, used to receive the invisible light transmitted through the pipeline; and

[0012] Second optical receiver, arranged at the free end of the second outgoing section;

[0013] The invisible light transmitted through the pipeline is received by the first optical receiver.

[0014] Optionally, in the optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis, it further includes a beam splitter; in the optical path box, there is also a second outgoing optical path pipeline that runs through the incident optical path pipeline perpendicular to the optical path; the beam splitter is arranged at the connection of the incident optical path pipeline, the first outgoing optical path pipeline and the second outgoing optical path pipeline; a third optical receiver is arranged at the free end of the second outgoing optical path pipeline.

[0015] Optionally, in the optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis, the transmission-reflection ratio of the beam splitter is 4:6 or 5:5. Among them, the transmitted light enters the first outgoing optical path pipeline, and the reflected light enters the second outgoing optical path pipeline.

[0016] Optionally, in the optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis, the beam splitter is inserted into the installation groove.

[0017] Optionally, the optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis further includes a scattering lens, and the scattering lens is arranged in the incident optical path pipeline to scatter the invisible light emitted by the invisible light source.

[0018] Optionally, in the optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis, the material of the pipeline is a transparent material.

[0019] Optionally, in the optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis, the controller controls the invisible light source to emit invisible light with a wavelength of 270 - 290 nm.

[0020] Optionally, in the optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis, the invisible light source is a patch type light source or a straight plug type light source.

[0021] Optionally, in the optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis, a control pipeline is further provided in the second exit section, and no solution passes through the control pipeline. Since the pipeline itself will filter out a small amount of invisible light, setting up the control pipeline can be used as a control group to make the result of calculating the intensity of the invisible light absorbed by the solution more accurate.

[0022] The usage method of an optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis provided by the present utility model is as follows:

[0023] S1, Connect the pipeline to the dialysis device so that the dialysate after dialysis flows into the pipeline;

[0024] S2, Set the intensity and wavelength of the invisible light emitted by the invisible light source;

[0025] S3, Turn on the invisible light source so that the invisible light source irradiates the pipeline;

[0026] S4, Let the light receiver receive the invisible light transmitted through the pipeline to obtain the intensity of the invisible light transmitted through;

[0027] S5, Calculate the urea nitrogen concentration of the solution in the pipeline according to the intensity of the invisible light emitted by the invisible light source and the intensity of the invisible light transmitted through the pipeline.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

[0029] An optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis provided by the present utility model uses an invisible light source to irradiate the solution in the pipeline, and uses a light receiver to receive the invisible light transmitted through the pipeline to obtain the intensity values before and after the invisible light irradiates the pipeline. Using the Lambert-Beer law, it is easy to obtain the urea nitrogen concentration of the solution in the pipeline, so that the urea nitrogen concentration of dialysis patients can be obtained in real time and accurately without blood sampling for inspection. Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an optical path box with two exit sections for the first exit optical path pipeline provided in Embodiment 1.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of an optical path box with a second exit optical path pipeline provided in Embodiment 2.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of an optical path box with a second exit optical path pipeline provided in Embodiment 2.

[0033] Figure 4 It is a perspective view of an optical path box with a second exit optical path pipeline provided in Embodiment 2, from an oblique upper perspective.

[0034] Figure 5 The bottom view of the optical path box with the second outgoing optical path pipe provided for Embodiment 2.

[0035] Wherein, the descriptions of the reference numerals are as follows:

[0036] 101 - incident optical path pipe, 102 - first outgoing optical path pipe, 102a - first outgoing section, 102b - second outgoing section, 103 - second outgoing optical path pipe, 110 - invisible light source, 120 - pipeline, 130 - optical receiver, 131 - first optical receiver, 132 - second optical receiver, 133 - third optical receiver, 140 - beam splitter, 150 - mounting groove, 160 - gland, 161 - gland fixing hole, 170 - scattering lens. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] The following further elaborates on the optical analysis installation structure and usage method for hemodialysis proposed by the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise scales, only for facilitating and clearly assisting in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present utility model. In addition, the structures shown in the accompanying drawings are often part of the actual structures. In particular, the accompanying drawings need to show different emphases and sometimes use different scales.

[0038] It should be noted that the "first", "second", etc. in the description, claims and drawings of the present utility model are used to distinguish similar objects in order to describe the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such structures can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] This embodiment provides an optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis, as Figure 1 shown, including:

[0041] An optical path box, in which an incident optical path pipe 101 and a first outgoing optical path pipe 102 that is linearly penetrated along the optical path with the incident optical path pipe 101 are provided. The first outgoing optical path pipe 102 is divided into a separated first outgoing section 102a and a second outgoing section 102b;

[0042] An invisible light source 110 is disposed at the free end of the incident optical path duct 101;

[0043] A pipeline 120, which contains a solution, is disposed in the first outgoing section 102a and is used for absorbing part of the invisible light emitted by the invisible light source 110;

[0044] A first optical receiver 131 is disposed at the free end of the first outgoing section 102a and is used for receiving the invisible light transmitted through the pipeline 120; and

[0045] A second optical receiver 132 is disposed at the free end of the second outgoing section 102b;

[0046] The invisible light transmitted through the pipeline 120 is received by the first optical receiver 131.

[0047] In this embodiment, through the optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis, the intensity values before and after the invisible light irradiates the pipeline 120 are obtained. By using the Lambert-Beer law, the urea nitrogen concentration of the solution in the pipeline 120 can be easily obtained, so that the urea nitrogen concentration of the dialysis patient can be obtained in real time and accurately without blood sampling inspection, and the problem of how to know the urea nitrogen concentration of the dialysis patient in real time is solved.

[0048] Setting up an optical path box is beneficial to ensuring the stability of the optical path, ensuring that the invisible light emitted by the invisible light source 110 irradiates on the pipeline 120, and the light transmitted through the pipeline 120 is received by the optical receiver 130, while the optical receiver 130 does not receive external stray light.

[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment, a solution with a concentration of 0-30 mmol / L is obtained by diluting a 20% standard urea solution, and the solution concentration can meet the urea nitrogen concentration range of general patients; invisible light with different frequencies of wavelengths is used to irradiate the solution for experiments. It can be known through experimental verification that the urea nitrogen in this concentration range has the highest absorption value for the invisible light in the 270-290 nm band, that is to say, the urea nitrogen in this concentration range is the most sensitive to the invisible light in the 270-290 nm band. Therefore, the controller 300 of the present application controls the invisible light source 110 to emit invisible light with a wavelength of 270-290 nm, so as to ensure the accuracy of the calculation results of the data analysis module 200.

[0050] In practical applications, the invisible light source 110 can be a patch-type light source or a direct plug-in light source, and the present application does not limit this.

[0051] Such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, an incident optical path pipeline 101 and a first outgoing optical path pipeline 102 that is linearly and optically connected to the incident optical path pipeline 101 are provided in the optical path box; an invisible light source 110 is provided at the free end of the incident optical path pipeline 101; a receiver 130 is provided at the free end of the first outgoing optical path pipeline 102. In this way, the invisible light emitted by the invisible light source 110 irradiates the pipeline 120 through the incident optical path pipeline 101, and the light transmitted from the pipeline 120 is received by the optical receiver 130, without loss of light energy, ensuring the accuracy of subsequent calculation results.

[0052] According to the Lambert-Beer law, the absorption of light of a certain wavelength by a substance is related to the concentration and thickness of the substance, which can be specifically expressed as:

[0053] A = lg(1 / T) = Kbc

[0054] Where, A represents absorbance; T represents transmittance, that is, the ratio of the intensity of the outgoing light to the intensity of the incident light; K is the molar absorption coefficient, which is related to the properties of the substance and the wavelength of the incident light; c is the concentration of the substance, and b is the thickness of the substance.

[0055] Based on the Lambert-Beer law, since the size of the pipeline 120 is known, the wavelength of the incident light (invisible light) is known, and the properties of the substance (urea nitrogen) are known, when the transmittance T is known, the concentration of the substance can be obtained by reverse calculation, that is, the concentration of urea nitrogen in the pipeline 120.

[0056] Considering the systematic error of the optical receiver, therefore, in order to reduce the interference of the systematic error of the optical receiver itself on the light intensity recognition, in this embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the free end of the first outgoing optical path pipeline 102 is divided into a separated first outgoing section 102a and a second outgoing section 102b. A first optical receiver 131 is provided in the first outgoing section 102a, and a second optical receiver 132 is provided in the second outgoing section 102b; the invisible light transmitted from the pipeline 120 is received by the first optical receiver 131.

[0057] Of course, the two optical receivers 131 and 132 should be of the same model, the same batch, and have approximately the same service life, so that the first optical receiver 131 can be calibrated using the second optical receiver 132. At this time, since the second optical receiver 132 is not blocked and receives the light emitted by the invisible light source 110, the light intensity it receives can be regarded as the light intensity of the invisible light emitted by the invisible light source 110. By comparing the light intensity obtained by the second optical receiver 132 with the light intensity set by the invisible light source 110, the error between the two can be known, and thus the first optical receiver 131 can be calibrated. Alternatively, when the light intensity of the invisible light emitted by the invisible light source 110 is unknown, the light intensity obtained by the second optical receiver 132 can be used as the light intensity of the invisible light emitted by the invisible light source 110, so that the concentration of urea nitrogen can be calculated using the light intensities obtained by the first optical receiver 131 and the second optical receiver 132.

[0058] Embodiment 2

[0059] In order to further improve the accuracy of light intensity acquisition and thus improve the calculation accuracy of urea nitrogen concentration, in this embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis further includes a beam splitter 140; a second outgoing optical path pipeline 103 perpendicular to the incident optical path pipeline 101 along the optical path is also provided in the optical path box; the beam splitter 140 is provided at the connection of the incident optical path pipeline 101, the first outgoing optical path pipeline 102, and the second outgoing optical path pipeline 103 to divide the invisible light emitted by the invisible light source 110 into two independent paths; a third optical receiver 133 is provided at the free end of the second outgoing optical path pipeline 103.

[0060] At this time, one path of light reflected by the beam splitter 140 reaches the third optical receiver 133 via the second outgoing optical path pipeline 103, and the remaining light enters the first outgoing optical path pipeline 102 after being transmitted by the beam splitter 140. Since the transmission-reflection ratio of the beam splitter 140 is known, when the light intensity of the invisible light emitted by the invisible light source 110 is known, combining the light intensities obtained by the second optical receiver 132 and the third optical receiver 133 can obtain the system error of the optical receiver, and thus the first optical receiver 131 can be calibrated. Alternatively, when the light intensity of the invisible light emitted by the invisible light source 110 is unknown, the light intensities obtained by the second optical receiver 132 and the third optical receiver 133 can be summed to calculate the light intensity of the invisible light emitted by the invisible light source 110, so that the concentration of urea nitrogen can be calculated using the light intensities obtained by the first optical receiver 131, the second optical receiver 132, and the third optical receiver 133.

[0061] Considering that the light intensity will be weakened after being split by the beam splitter 140, in order to ensure that there is enough light intensity to be transmitted and received by the first light receiver 131 after passing through the pipeline 120, in this embodiment, the transmission-reflection ratio of the beam splitter 140 is not less than 4:6, specifically, it can be 4:6, 5:5 or 6:4, etc. The transmitted light enters the first outgoing light path pipeline 102, and the reflected light enters the second outgoing light path pipeline 103.

[0062] In practical applications, the material of the beam splitter 140 may be quartz glass, which can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs, and the present application does not impose any limitation thereto.

[0063] Furthermore, in order to reduce the absorption of light by the material of the pipeline 120 as much as possible, in this embodiment, the material of the pipeline 120 is a transparent material. In practical applications, the material of the pipeline 120 can be quartz glass or resin. Those skilled in the art can make a selection according to actual needs, and this application does not limit this.

[0064] In practical applications, the pipeline 120 can be connected to the dialysis system, or a branch can be led out from a suitable position of the dialysis equipment to connect to the pipeline 120, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0065] This embodiment also provides a cross-sectional view, a stereoscopic view and a bottom view of the light path box having the second outgoing light path conduit, such as Figures 3 - 5 As shown. The shape of the optical path box is similar to a rectangular parallelepiped, and square holes are opened on the upper bottom surface, the lower bottom surface and a side surface, which are the ports of the incident light path pipeline 101, the first output section 102a, the second output section 102b and the second output light path pipeline 103 respectively. The scattering lens 170 can be directly inserted from the incident light path pipeline 101. The front and rear surfaces of the optical path box are provided with through cylindrical holes, and the pipeline 120 is built-in. There is a sealing ring on each side of the pipeline 120, and a square pressure cover 160 with an interface outside the sealing ring is fixed. The pressure cover 160 is used to squeeze the sealing ring to seal and prevent the solution from leaking. An installation groove 150 is opened above the pipeline 120. The installation groove 150 almost runs through the entire optical path box, but is only connected to one of the front and rear surfaces, and is used to place the spectroscope 140.

[0066] The method of using the optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0067] S1, connecting the pipeline to the dialysis equipment so that the patient's dialysate after dialysis flows into the pipeline;

[0068] S2, setting the intensity and wavelength of the invisible light emitted by the invisible light source;

[0069] S3, turning on the invisible light source so that the invisible light source illuminates the pipeline;

[0070] S4. Enable the optical receiver to receive the invisible light transmitted through the pipeline to obtain the intensity of the transmitted invisible light;

[0071] S5. Calculate the urea nitrogen concentration of the solution in the pipeline based on the intensity of the invisible light emitted by the invisible light source and the intensity of the invisible light transmitted through the pipeline.

[0072] Embodiment 3

[0073] In the case where the absorption of light by the material of the pipeline 120 cannot be ignored, it is necessary to improve on the basis of an optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis provided in Embodiment 2. Specifically, a control pipeline is provided in the second exit section, and no solution passes through the control pipeline.

[0074] In practical applications, those skilled in the art can implement specific dialysis adequacy evaluation methods according to the above methods, and the present application will not be described in detail.

[0075] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. In addition, the different parts between the various embodiments can also be combined and used, and the present utility model does not limit this.

[0076] The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and does not limit the scope of the present utility model in any way. Any changes and modifications made by those of ordinary skill in the art of the present utility model according to the above disclosure are within the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis, characterized in that: include: An optical path box, wherein an incident optical path conduit and a first outgoing optical path conduit that is in a straight line with the incident optical path conduit are provided in the optical path box, wherein the first outgoing optical path conduit is divided into a first outgoing section and a second outgoing section that are isolated from each other; An invisible light source is arranged at the free end of the incident light path conduit; a pipeline containing a solution, arranged in the first emission section, and used for absorbing a part of the invisible light emitted by the invisible light source; A first light receiver, disposed at a free end of the first emission section, for receiving invisible light transmitted by the pipeline; and A second light receiver, disposed at a free end of the second emission section; The invisible light transmitted by the pipeline is received by the first light receiver.

2. The optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a spectroscope; the optical path box is also provided with a second outgoing optical path pipeline that is perpendicular to the incident optical path pipeline along the optical path; the spectroscope is arranged at the connection between the incident optical path pipeline, the first outgoing optical path pipeline and the second outgoing optical path pipeline; the free end of the second outgoing optical path pipeline is provided with a third optical receiver.

3. The optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission-reflection ratio of the beam splitter is 4:6 or 5:5, wherein the transmitted light enters the first outgoing light path pipe, and the reflected light enters the second outgoing light path pipe.

4. The optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The beam splitter is inserted into the mounting groove.

5. The optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a scattering lens, which is arranged in the incident light path pipeline and is used for scattering the invisible light emitted by the invisible light source.

6. The optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the pipeline is transparent material.

7. The optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invisible light source emits invisible light with a wavelength of 270-290 nm.

8. The optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invisible light source is a patch type light source or a direct plug-in type light source.

9. The optical analysis installation structure for hemodialysis according to claim 1, characterized in that: A control pipeline is also provided in the second emission section, and no solution passes through the control pipeline.

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