Forging and heat treatment production line for heel end of special-shaped steel rail

Abstract

The utility model discloses a special-shaped steel rail heel end forging and heat treatment production line which comprises a hot die forging assembly, a material transferring frame, a heat treatment assembly, a material conveying assembly and a control system. The material conveying assembly is used for conveying materials subjected to hot die forging in the hot die forging assembly to the material transferring frame and then conveying the materials on the material transferring frame to the heat treatment assembly for heat treatment, and the control system is electrically connected with the hot die forging assembly, the heat treatment assembly and the material conveying assembly. Through cooperation of the hot die forging assembly, the heat treatment assembly, the material conveying assembly and the control system, continuous automatic operation of hot die forging and heat treatment of the special-shaped steel rail is achieved, compared with the prior art, the production efficiency of the special-shaped steel rail is greatly improved, practicability is high, and the device is suitable for wide application and popularization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of rail processing, and particularly to a production line for forging and heat treatment of the heel end of profiled rails. Background Technique

[0002] A profiled rail is a special-shaped rail with two end faces of different rail profiles at the rail end, which is mainly arranged at the profiled joint to connect two different types of line rails. The profiled rail is mainly formed by hot die forging the heel end of railway rails. After hot pressing at the die end of the rail, the structure is coarse, and the hardness and strength decrease. Therefore, after hot die forging, heat treatment is also required to improve the structure and performance and extend its service life.

[0003] However, as disclosed in Chinese invention patent application CN107142367A, a heat treatment mechanism for the forging section of the heel end of on-line heat-treated AT rails is provided. This heat treatment mechanism is set separately. After hot die forging of the rail, it still needs to be transported to the heat treatment mechanism for heat treatment in the middle, with a slow loading speed and low processing efficiency. As disclosed in a Chinese invention patent application, an integrated production line for forging and heat treatment is provided. A rotary forging part handling device is arranged between the discharging end of the heating furnace, the forging machine tool, the finishing machine tool and the loading of the post-heat treatment furnace at residual temperature. By rotating counterclockwise for one week, the forging part handling device can realize the handling of forging parts at each working station of the forging parts. When the rotary forging part handling device handles forging parts, it does not need to rotate idly in the reverse direction, which can save time and effort, reduce energy consumption and improve production efficiency. However, the forging part handling device is not suitable for the transportation of long rods such as rails, is difficult to support the rails and will occupy a large amount of space, and the "S-shaped" layout cannot carry out the normal transportation of rods such as rails. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The utility model provides a production line for forging and heat treatment of the heel end of profiled rails to solve the technical problems that the production device has low production efficiency for profiled rails or is not suitable for the processing of profiled rails.

[0005] According to one aspect of the utility model, a production line for forging and heat treatment of the heel end of profiled rails is provided, which includes a hot die forging assembly, a transfer material rack, a heat treatment assembly, a material transportation assembly and a control system. The hot die forging assembly, the transfer material rack and the heat treatment assembly are arranged in a straight line in sequence. The material transportation assembly is used to transport the materials after hot die forging in the hot die forging assembly to the transfer material rack, and then transport the materials on the transfer material rack to the heat treatment assembly for heat treatment. The control system is electrically connected to the hot die forging assembly, the heat treatment assembly and the material transportation assembly respectively.

[0006] As a further improvement of the above technical solution:

[0007] Further, the hot die forging assembly includes a loading rack, a forging heating component, a press, and a forging die. The loading rack, the forging heating component, the press, and the transfer material rack are arranged in a straight line in sequence. The forging die is disposed in the press and connected to the pressing end of the press. The forging heating component is used to heat the material to a first preset temperature.

[0008] Further, the material handling assembly includes a first robotic arm with a freely movable movable end and a first hydraulic clamp disposed on the movable end of the first robotic arm. The first hydraulic clamp is used to clamp or release the material, and the robotic arm is used to drive the first hydraulic clamp to reciprocate between the loading rack, the forging heating component, the forging die, and the transfer material rack to reciprocally transport the material.

[0009] Further, the forging die includes a first forging module for pre-forging the rail web, a second forging module for pre-forging the rail bottom plate, a third forging module for final forging, and a fourth forging module for trimming the flash. The first forging module, the second forging module, the third forging module, and the fourth forging module are integrally arranged in the press.

[0010] Further, the hot die forging assembly further includes a descaling component disposed in the press for removing the oxide scale from the material before final forging.

[0011] Further, the heat treatment assembly includes a heat treatment heating component, an induction spray air cooling component, and a blanking rack. The transfer material rack, the induction spray air cooling component, and the blanking rack are arranged in a straight line in sequence. The induction spray air cooling component is disposed at the inlet and outlet ends of the heat treatment heating component and is used to cool the material before heat treatment to a second preset temperature.

[0012] Further, the induction spray air cooling component includes a spray air box and a temperature measuring instrument disposed on the spray air box.

[0013] Further, the material handling assembly includes a movable material handling cart, a lifting seat disposed on the material handling cart in a liftable manner for carrying the material, and a photoelectric switch disposed on the material handling cart. The material handling cart is used to reciprocate between the transfer material rack, the induction spray air cooling component, and the blanking rack to reciprocally transport the material.

[0014] Further, the material handling assembly further includes a second robotic arm with a freely movable movable end and a second hydraulic clamp disposed on the movable end of the second robotic arm. The second hydraulic clamp is used to clamp or release the material, and the second robotic arm is used to drive the second hydraulic clamp to move into the heat treatment heating component to transport the material into the heat treatment heating component.

[0015] Further, a cooling structure is disposed on the transfer material rack.

[0016] The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The forging and heat treatment production line for the heel end of the profiled steel rail of the present utility model first feeds materials such as ordinary steel rails into the hot die forging assembly to hot die forge the heel end of the ordinary steel rail through the hot die forging assembly to obtain the profiled steel rail. The material conveying assembly then conveys the profiled steel rail to the transfer material rack for short-term storage, and then conveys the profiled steel rail on the transfer material rack to the heat treatment assembly for heat treatment to ensure that the structure and performance of the profiled steel rail meet the quality requirements. The above operation process is automatically carried out through the coordinated cooperation of the control system to control the hot die forging assembly, the heat treatment assembly and the material conveying assembly. The labor intensity is low, the production efficiency is high, and the hot die forging assembly, the transfer material rack and the heat treatment assembly are arranged in a straight line in sequence, greatly shortening the time for material transfer and improving the production efficiency. It is also applicable to the conveying and processing of long rod materials such as profiled steel rails. Through the coordinated cooperation of the hot die forging assembly, the heat treatment assembly, the material conveying assembly and the control system, this solution realizes the continuous automated operation of hot die forging and heat treatment of profiled steel rails. Compared with the prior art, the production efficiency of profiled steel rails is greatly improved, and it has strong practicability and is suitable for wide promotion and application.

[0018] In addition to the purposes, features and advantages described above, the present utility model has other purposes, features and advantages. The following will refer to the drawings for a more detailed description of the present utility model. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] The drawings forming a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present utility model. The schematic embodiments of the present utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the present utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present utility model. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the forging and heat treatment production line for the heel end of the profiled steel rail of the preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the first hydraulic clamp in the forging and heat treatment production line for the heel end of the profiled steel rail of the preferred embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 is a partial schematic diagram of the material conveying assembly in the forging and heat treatment production line for the heel end of the profiled steel rail of the preferred embodiment of the present utility model.

[0023] Legend Explanation:

[0024] 100, Hot die forging component; 110, Loading rack; 120, Forging heating element; 130, Press; 140, Forging die; 200, Transfer material rack; 300, Heat treatment component; 310, Heat treatment heating element; 320, Unloading rack; 330, Air spraying box; 340, Temperature measuring instrument; 400, Material transporting component; 410, First hydraulic clamp; 420, Material transporting cart; 430, Lifting seat; 440, Photoelectric switch. Detailed implementation mode

[0025] The following will describe in detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways defined and covered by the following.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a special-shaped steel rail heel forging and heat treatment production line according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a first hydraulic clamp in a special-shaped steel rail heel forging and heat treatment production line according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a partial schematic diagram of a material transporting component in a special-shaped steel rail heel forging and heat treatment production line according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] As Figures 1-3 As shown, the special-shaped steel rail heel forging and heat treatment production line of this embodiment includes a hot die forging component 100, a transfer material rack 200, a heat treatment component 300, a material transporting component 400 and a control system (not shown in the figure). The hot die forging component 100, the transfer material rack 200 and the heat treatment component 300 are arranged in a straight line in sequence. The material transporting component 400 is used to transport the materials after hot die forging in the hot die forging component 100 to the transfer material rack 200, and then transport the materials on the transfer material rack 200 to the heat treatment component 300 for heat treatment. The control system is electrically connected to the hot die forging component 100, the heat treatment component 300 and the material transporting component 400 respectively. Optionally, the control system is a PLC controller. It should be understood that the specific structure of the PLC controller belongs to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here. It should be understood that the electrical connection can be a wired electrical connection or a wireless electrical connection.

[0028] As Figures 1-3As shown, specifically, in the production line for hot die forging and heat treatment of the end of the profiled steel rail of the present utility model, first, materials such as ordinary steel rails are fed into the hot die forging assembly 100, and the end of the ordinary steel rail is hot die forged by the hot die forging assembly 100 to obtain a profiled steel rail. Then, the material conveying assembly 400 conveys the profiled steel rail to the transfer material rack 200 for short-term storage. Subsequently, the profiled steel rail on the transfer material rack 200 is conveyed to the heat treatment assembly 300 for heat treatment to ensure that the structure and properties of the profiled steel rail meet the quality requirements. The above operation process is automatically carried out through the coordinated cooperation of the control system to control the hot die forging assembly 100, the heat treatment assembly 300, and the material conveying assembly 400. The labor intensity is low, the production efficiency is high, and the hot die forging assembly 100, the transfer material rack 200, and the heat treatment assembly 300 are arranged in a straight line in sequence, greatly shortening the time for material transfer and transportation, improving the production efficiency, and being applicable to the transportation and processing of long rod materials such as profiled steel rails. Through the coordinated cooperation of the hot die forging assembly 100, the heat treatment assembly 300, the material conveying assembly 400, and the control system, the continuous automated operation of hot die forging and heat treatment of the profiled steel rail is realized. Compared with the prior art, the production efficiency of the profiled steel rail is greatly improved, and the practicability is strong, which is suitable for wide promotion and application. It should be understood that the forging time and heat treatment time of profiled steel rails of different specifications and models are different. Therefore, after the hot die forging of the profiled steel rail is completed, the heat treatment assembly 300 may still perform heat treatment on the forged profiled steel rail. Therefore, it is necessary to use the transfer material rack 200 to store the forged profiled steel rail for a short time to ensure the stable operation of the entire production process.

[0029] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the hot die forging assembly 100 includes a loading rack 110, a forging heating element 120, a press 130, and a forging die 140. The loading rack 110, the forging heating element 120, the press 130, and the transfer material rack 200 are arranged in a straight line in sequence. The forging die 140 is disposed in the press 130 and connected to the pressing end of the press 130. The forging heating element 120 is used to heat the material to a first preset temperature. Specifically, materials such as ordinary steel rails are stored on the loading rack 110. The material on the loading rack 110 is transported to the forging heating element 120 by the material transporting assembly 400. The forging heating element 120 heats the material to the first preset temperature. Then, the material transporting assembly 400 transports the material in the forging heating element 120 to the forging die 140 of the press 130. The press 130 drives the forging die 140 to work to forge the heel end of the ordinary steel rail to obtain a special-shaped steel rail. Finally, the special-shaped steel rail is transported to the transfer material by the material transporting assembly 400. The arrangement of the loading rack 110, the forging heating element 120, the press 130, and the transfer material rack 200 in a straight line in sequence greatly shortens the time for material transfer and transportation, improves production efficiency, and is applicable to the transportation and processing of long rod materials such as special-shaped steel rails. Optionally, the forging heating element 120 is an induction heating furnace. It should be understood that the specific structure of the induction heating furnace belongs to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here. It should be understood that the specific structure of the press 130 belongs to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here. Optionally, both the forging heating element 120 and the press 130 are electrically connected to the control system to control the coordinated operation of the forging heating element 120 and the press 130 through the control system. Optionally, the first preset temperature is 1050°C - 1150°C.

[0030] As Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the material transporting assembly 400 includes a first robotic arm (not shown in the figure) with a freely movable active end and a first hydraulic clamp 410 disposed on the active end of the first robotic arm. The first hydraulic clamp 410 is used to clamp or release the material, and the robotic arm is used to drive the first hydraulic clamp 410 to reciprocate among the loading rack 110, the forging heating element 120, the forging die 140, and the transfer material rack 200 to reciprocally transport the material. Specifically, the active end of the first robotic arm drives the first hydraulic clamp 410 to reciprocate among the loading rack 110, the forging heating element 120, the forging die 140, and the transfer material rack 200, and then the first hydraulic clamp 410 clamps or releases the material to reciprocally convey the material into the loading rack 110, the forging heating element 120, the forging die 140, and the transfer material rack 200 in sequence, realizing the cyclic processing of the material. By driving the first hydraulic clamp 410 to freely move through the active end of the first robotic arm, it is convenient to adjust the posture of the profiled steel rail in the forging heating element 120 and the forging die 140 to ensure the production quality of the profiled steel rail. It should be understood that the specific structure of the robotic arm belongs to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here. It should be understood that the specific structure of the hydraulic clamp belongs to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here. It should be understood that by the collaborative cooperation of the first robotic arm and the first hydraulic clamp 410 for material picking, the friction between the steel rail and the material rack during the material picking process can be avoided, thereby preventing the generation of transverse scratches on the rail bottom and reducing the risk of rail fracture.

[0031] In this embodiment, the forging die 140 includes a first forging module for pre-forging the web of the rail, a second forging module for pre-forging the base plate of the rail, a third forging module for final forging, and a fourth forging module for trimming the flash. The first forging module, the second forging module, the third forging module, and the fourth forging module are integrally arranged in the press 130. Specifically, after the material conveying assembly 400 conveys the material to the forging die 140, the web of the rail is first pre-forged by the first forging module, then the base plate of the rail is pre-forged by the second forging module, then the final forging is performed by the third forging module, and finally the flash at the top and bottom of the rail is trimmed by the fourth forging module to complete the forging of the material. After the flash at the top and bottom of the rail is trimmed by the fourth forging module, it is convenient to control the gap between the top surface of the rail and the inner top surface of the heat treatment assembly 300 during subsequent heat treatment, so as to improve the heat efficiency, temperature uniformity, and the quality of rail heat treatment. Preferably, the gap between the top surface of the rail and the inner top surface of the heat treatment assembly 300 is controlled between 10 mm and 40 mm. At this time, the heating efficiency is high, the temperature uniformity is good, and the heat treatment quality is good. When the gap between the top surface of the rail and the inner top surface of the heat treatment assembly 300 is greater than 40 mm, the heat transfer time is long, the heating efficiency is low, the heating time is long, the length of the heat affected zone of the heat treatment is long, and the heat treatment quality is poor. When the gap between the top surface of the rail and the inner top surface of the heat treatment assembly 300 is less than 10 mm, the rail is easily bumped and worn with the heat treatment assembly 300, which affects the service life and processing quality.

[0032] In this embodiment, the hot die forging assembly 100 further includes a descaling member disposed in the press 130 for removing the scale before the final forging of the material. Specifically, before the final forging of the material, the scale is removed by the descaling member to prevent the scale from being pressed into the material, thereby avoiding affecting the structure and properties of the material. Optionally, the descaling member is a sandblasting device. It should be understood that the specific structure of the sandblasting device belongs to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here.

[0033] Such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the heat treatment assembly 300 includes a heat treatment heating element 310, an induction air-blowing cooling element, and a blanking rack 320. The transfer material rack 200, the induction air-blowing cooling element, and the blanking rack 320 are arranged in a straight line in sequence. The induction air-blowing cooling element is disposed at the feeding and discharging ends of the heat treatment heating element 310 and is used to cool the material before heat treatment to a second preset temperature. Specifically, the material on the transfer material rack 200 is transported to the heat treatment heating element 310 for high-temperature heating by the material transporting assembly 400. After the material exits the heat treatment heating element 310, the induction air-blowing cooling element performs air-blowing cooling on the material to cool the material to the second preset temperature. Then, the material transporting assembly 400 transports the material to the blanking rack 320 for storage. By arranging the transfer material rack 200, the induction air-blowing cooling element, and the blanking rack 320 in a straight line in sequence, the transfer time of the material is greatly shortened, the production efficiency is improved, and it is applicable to the transportation and processing of long rod materials such as special-shaped steel rails. Moreover, since the induction air-blowing cooling element is disposed at the feeding and discharging ends of the heat treatment heating element 310, that is, the material can be directly subjected to air-blowing cooling after heating, the natural cooling time of the steel rail during the intermediate process from heating to air-blowing cooling is minimized, the length of the heat-affected zone of the steel rail during heat treatment can be reduced, and the quality of the steel rail can be guaranteed. Optionally, the heat treatment heating element 310 is an induction heating furnace. Optionally, after the heat treatment assembly 300 heats the material to the set temperature, the heating automatically stops, and the material exits to be under the induction air-blowing cooling element for air-blowing cooling. It should be understood that the second preset temperature may need to be adaptively set. It should be understood that before the material enters the heat treatment heating element 310, the induction air-blowing cooling element will detect the temperature of the material. When the temperature of the material is higher than the target temperature (such as greater than 400 °C), the air-blowing is automatically turned on to cool the steel rail to below the target temperature. When the temperature cools to within the temperature range allowed by the process (such as ≤ 400 °C), the steel rail is sent into the heat treatment heating element 310 for heating. It should be understood that when the material after forging has a slight residual temperature and is lower than the target temperature, it can be directly sent into the heat treatment heating element 310 for heat treatment, so as to shorten the heating time of the heel heat treatment of the steel rail without reducing the heat treatment effect and improve the production efficiency.

[0034] As Figure 1 shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the induction air-blowing cooling element includes a blowing box 330 and a temperature measuring instrument 340 disposed on the blowing box 330. Specifically, the temperature of the material is detected by the temperature measuring instrument 340, and the material is subjected to air-blowing cooling by the blowing box 330, and the temperature measuring instrument 340 and the blowing box 330 cooperate with each other. Optionally, both the temperature measuring instrument 340 and the blowing box 330 are electrically connected to the control system, and the control system controls the temperature measuring instrument 340 and the blowing box 330 to cooperate with each other.

[0035] As Figure 3As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the material transportation component 400 includes a movable material transportation vehicle 420, a lifting seat 430 that is liftably disposed on the material transportation vehicle 420 and is used to carry materials, and a photoelectric switch 440 disposed on the material transportation vehicle 420. The material transportation vehicle 420 is used to reciprocally move between the transfer material rack 200, the induction air-blowing cooling component, and the blanking rack 320 to reciprocally transport materials. Specifically, when the material transportation vehicle 420 moves, the position of the rail is automatically identified by the photoelectric switch 440 to drive the lifting seat 430 to lift and lower, so as to achieve precise positioning for material taking. It should be understood that by the cooperation of the material transportation vehicle 420, the photoelectric switch 440, and the lifting seat 430 for material taking, it is possible to avoid the friction between the rail and the material rack during the material taking process, which may cause transverse scratches on the bottom of the rail and reduce the risk of rail fracture. It should be understood that the specific structure of the photoelectric switch 440 belongs to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here. Optionally, the material transportation vehicle 420, the photoelectric switch 440, and the lifting seat 430 are all electrically connected to the control system to control the coordinated operation of the material transportation vehicle 420, the photoelectric switch 440, and the lifting seat 430.

[0036] In this embodiment, the material transportation component 400 further includes a second robotic arm with a freely movable movable end and a second hydraulic clamp disposed on the movable end of the second robotic arm. The second hydraulic clamp is used to clamp or release materials, and the second robotic arm is used to drive the second hydraulic clamp to move into the heat treatment heating component 310 to transport the materials into the heat treatment heating component 310. Specifically, after the material transportation vehicle 420 transports the materials to the lower part of the induction air-blowing cooling component, the second robotic arm and the second hydraulic clamp cooperate to transport the materials into the heat treatment heating component 310 to facilitate the adjustment of the posture of the materials during heat treatment. Optionally, in one embodiment, the first robotic arm and the second robotic arm are the same robotic arm, and the first hydraulic clamp 410 and the second hydraulic clamp are the same hydraulic clamp.

[0037] In this embodiment, a cooling structure is disposed on the transfer material rack 200. Specifically, after the materials are placed on the transfer material rack 200, the materials are cooled by the cooling structure to facilitate faster heat treatment in the subsequent process and improve the processing efficiency. Optionally, the cooling structure is an air-cooling structure, such as a fan blowing air. Optionally, the cooling structure is a water-cooling structure, such as a sprayer.

[0038] As Figures 1-3 shown, in a certain embodiment, the specific working process of the special-shaped rail heel forging and heat treatment production line is as follows:

[0039] After the steel raw material is loaded onto the loading rack 110, the first robotic arm and the first hydraulic clamp 410 cooperate to clamp the steel rail on the loading rack 110 and transport it to the forging and heating part 120 for heating to 1050 - 1150 °C. After the heating is completed, the first robotic arm and the first hydraulic clamp 410 cooperate to transport the steel rail to the forging die 140 in the press 130 for pre-forging the rail waist in the first step, pre-forging the rail bottom plate in the second step, final forging in the third step, and removing the flash at the rail top and bottom in the fourth step. When the forging in the first and second steps is completed, the descaling part is used to remove the scale at the heel end of the steel rail. After the forging is completed, the first robotic arm and the first hydraulic clamp 410 cooperate to transport the steel rail to the transfer material rack 200 for cooling. At this time, the material transport vehicle 420, the photoelectric switch 440, and the lifting seat 430 cooperate to transport the material on the transfer material rack 200 under the induction air-blowing cooling part. When the detected temperature is higher than the target temperature (e.g., > 400 °C), the air-blowing cooling is automatically turned on. When the detected temperature is lower than the target temperature (e.g., ≤ 400 °C), the second robotic arm and the second hydraulic clamp cooperate to transport the material to the heat treatment heating part 310. After the heat treatment is completed, the second robotic arm and the second hydraulic clamp cooperate to make the material exit the heat treatment heating part 310 for air-blowing cooling. Finally, the material transport vehicle 420, the photoelectric switch 440, and the lifting seat 430 cooperate to transport the material to the unloading rack 320.

[0040] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A production line for forging and heat treatment of heel and end of special-shaped rails, characterized in that: The invention comprises a hot die forging assembly (100), a transfer material rack (200), a heat treatment assembly (300), a material transport assembly (400) and a control system. The hot die forging assembly (100), the transfer material rack (200) and the heat treatment assembly (300) are arranged in sequence in a straight line. The material transport assembly (400) is used to transport the material after hot die forging in the hot die forging assembly (100) to the transfer material rack (200), and then transport the material on the transfer material rack (200) to the heat treatment assembly (300) for heat treatment. The control system is electrically connected to the hot die forging assembly (100), the heat treatment assembly (300) and the material transport assembly (400) respectively.

2. The special-shaped rail heel end forging and heat treatment production line according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The hot die forging assembly (100) comprises a loading rack (110), a forging heating element (120), a press (130) and a forging die (140); the loading rack (110), the forging heating element (120), the press (130) and the transfer material rack (200) are arranged in sequence in a straight line; the forging die (140) is arranged in the press (130) and connected to the pressure end of the press (130); and the forging heating element (120) is used to heat the material to a first preset temperature.

3. The special-shaped rail heel end forging and heat treatment production line according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The material transport component (400) comprises a first mechanical arm with a freely movable movable end and a first hydraulic clamp (410) arranged on the movable end of the first mechanical arm, the first hydraulic clamp (410) being used to clamp or release materials, and the mechanical arm being used to drive the first hydraulic clamp (410) to move back and forth among a loading rack (110), a forging heating element (120), a forging die (140) and a transfer material rack (200) to transport materials back and forth.

4. The special-shaped rail heel end forging and heat treatment production line according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The forging die (140) comprises a first forging module for pre-forging the rail waist, a second forging module for pre-forging the rail bottom plate, a third forging module for final forging, and a fourth forging module for cutting off the flash. The first forging module, the second forging module, the third forging module, and the fourth forging module are integrated and arranged in a press machine (130).

5. The special-shaped rail heel end forging and heat treatment production line according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hot die forging assembly (100) also includes a peeling piece arranged in the press (130) for removing oxide scale before final forging of the material.

6. The special-shaped rail heel end forging and heat treatment production line according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The heat treatment component (300) comprises a heat treatment heating element (310), an induction air jet cooling element and a material unloading rack (320); the transfer material rack (200), the induction air jet cooling element and the material unloading rack (320) are arranged in sequence in a straight line; the induction air jet cooling element is arranged on the inlet and outlet ends of the heat treatment heating element (310) and is used to cool the material before heat treatment to a second preset temperature.

7. The special-shaped rail heel end forging and heat treatment production line according to claim 6, characterized in that: The induction air jet cooling component comprises an air jet box (330) and a temperature measuring instrument (340) arranged on the air jet box (330).

8. The special-shaped rail heel end forging and heat treatment production line according to claim 6, characterized in that: The material transport component (400) comprises a movable material transport vehicle (420), a lifting seat (430) arranged on the material transport vehicle (420) in a liftable manner for carrying materials, and a photoelectric switch (440) arranged on the material transport vehicle (420). The material transport vehicle (420) is used to reciprocate between the transfer material rack (200), the induction air jet cooling component and the unloading rack (320) to reciprocate and transport materials.

9. The special-shaped rail heel end forging and heat treatment production line according to claim 6, characterized in that: The material transport component (400) also includes a second mechanical arm with a freely movable end and a second hydraulic clamp arranged on the movable end of the second mechanical arm, the second hydraulic clamp is used to clamp or release the material, and the second mechanical arm is used to drive the second hydraulic clamp to move into the heat treatment heating element (310) to transport the material into the heat treatment heating element (310).

10. The special-shaped rail heel end forging and heat treatment production line according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A cooling structure is arranged on the transfer material rack (200).

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