Zinc smelting defluorination device
By designing a multi-layer reaction and precipitation system, combined with electroflocculation and adsorption filtration technology, the existing zinc smelting fluorine removal methods are solved, and efficient and economical fluorine ion removal effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422036641.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-21
AI Technical Summary
When existing zinc smelting enterprises treat high fluorine-containing wastewater, conventional fluorine removal methods are inefficient and costly, and are prone to losses of metal products.
A zinc smelting fluorine removal device was designed, and secondary fluorine removal was achieved by setting up multiple reaction tanks, precipitation tanks, adsorption tanks and membrane filter tanks, and fluorine removal was carried out layer by layer using calcium salts, fluorine removal agents and coagulant agents. Combined with electroflocculation technology and adsorption filtration, secondary fluorine removal was achieved.
It improves the fluorine removal effect and efficiency, reduces the cost, and reduces the fluorine ion concentration to below 10mg/L, meeting the national standard requirements.
Smart Images
Figure CN223002830U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a zinc smelting defluorination device. Background Art
[0002] The highly fluorine-containing waste water such as waste acid and absorption liquid generated by zinc smelting enterprises are all acidic heavy metal industrial waste water, containing multiple heavy metals such as zinc, cadmium, copper, mercury and arsenic metal, and having the characteristics of complex composition, high toxicity and difficult treatment. And the removal of fluoride ions in these waste waters is particularly important, because in hydrometallurgy, electrolysis is carried out on circulating water to obtain a series of elemental metals, such as zinc, manganese, lead, copper, nickel, etc. If the fluorine content in the electrolyte is too high, it will bring great difficulties to the stripping process. Conventionally, the chemical precipitation method is used to treat fluoride ions, and a large amount of defluorinating agent is added to remove fluoride ions in the system. However, the dosage of the defluorinating agent in this method is too large, and coprecipitation occurs in the solution system, precipitating a large amount of metal products, such as a large amount of metallic zinc will be precipitated during the zinc smelting process, resulting in the loss of products such as zinc. Using calcium salt alone to remove fluorine has poor defluorination effect, and the fluoride ions in the effluent are 10 - 20 mg / L. Higher than the national standard of 10 mg / L. Using the defluorinating agent alone to remove fluorine has a high raw material cost. After using a large amount of flocculant, it is also necessary to stand still, with low treatment efficiency and high time cost.
[0003] Therefore, it is urgent to research and develop a zinc smelting defluorination device that can automatically remove waste acid fluorine and improve the removal effect and efficiency to solve the above technical defects. Summary of the Utility Model
[0004] The utility model discloses a device which studies and improves the existing structure and deficiencies, and provides a zinc smelting defluorination device to achieve a better practical value purpose.
[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
[0006] A zinc smelting defluorination device includes a first reaction tank, a first sedimentation tank, a second reaction tank, a second sedimentation tank, an adsorption tank, a membrane filtration tank, a first coagulant aid solution tank and a second coagulant aid solution tank. The first reaction tank, the first sedimentation tank, the second reaction tank, the second sedimentation tank, the adsorption tank and the membrane filtration tank are arranged in sequence. The first coagulant aid solution tank is connected to the first reaction tank through a metering pump. The second coagulant aid solution tank is connected to the second reaction tank through the metering pump. The first sedimentation tank is connected to the second reaction tank through the metering pump. A first feed pipe is arranged on the second reaction tank, and a first metering assembly is arranged on the first feed pipe.
[0007] In some embodiments, a first feed inlet is provided on the first reaction tank for adding calcium salt or lime milk to the first reaction tank; a second feed inlet is provided on the second reaction tank, and the second feed inlet is arranged at one end of the first feed pipe for adding a defluorinating agent to the second reaction tank.
[0008] In some embodiments, a third feed inlet, a first water inlet pipe, a second metering assembly, a first liquid outlet pipe and a first metering pump liquid outlet pipe are provided on the first coagulant aid solution tank; the metering pump is respectively connected to the first liquid outlet pipe and the first metering pump liquid outlet pipe, the third feed inlet is arranged at the top of the first coagulant aid solution tank, the first water inlet pipe is arranged on one side of the first coagulant aid solution tank, and the second metering assembly is arranged on the first water inlet pipe to control the concentration ratio of the coagulant aid solution in the first coagulant aid solution tank.
[0009] In some embodiments, a fourth feed inlet, a second water inlet pipe, a third metering assembly, a second liquid outlet pipe and a second metering pump liquid outlet pipe are provided on the second coagulant aid solution tank, the metering pump is respectively connected to the second liquid outlet pipe and the second metering pump liquid outlet pipe, the fourth feed inlet is arranged at the top of the second coagulant aid solution tank, the second water inlet pipe is arranged on one side of the second coagulant aid solution tank, and the third metering assembly is arranged on the second water inlet pipe to control the concentration ratio of the coagulant aid solution in the second coagulant aid solution tank.
[0010] In some embodiments, stirring mechanisms are respectively arranged in the first reaction tank and the second reaction tank, a pH meter is further arranged in the first reaction tank, and the middle and lower parts of the second sedimentation tank are also communicated with the second reaction tank through a water pump.
[0011] In some embodiments, a lamella component is arranged in the first sedimentation tank, a liquid outlet pipe is arranged on the first sedimentation tank, a liquid outlet channel is arranged near one end of the liquid outlet pipe, a sludge hopper is further arranged at the bottom of the first sedimentation tank, an electrocoagulation module is arranged in the second sedimentation tank, and the electrocoagulation module includes a DC power supply and electrodes, and the electrodes are located in the second sedimentation tank, and the DC power supply is electrically connected to the electrodes.
[0012] In some embodiments, the electrodes include a cathode and an anode, and the cathode and the anode are respectively electrically connected to the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the DC power supply.
[0013] The present utility model has the following advantages:
[0014] By setting up the first reaction tank and the second reaction tank, and adding different defluorination agents to the first reaction tank and the second reaction tank respectively to achieve the effect of layer-by-layer defluorination, the cost is reduced. By setting up the first coagulant aid solution tank and the second coagulant aid solution tank to add the appropriate coagulant aid solution to the first reaction tank and the second reaction tank respectively, the coagulation rate can be accelerated, the standing time can be shortened, the treatment efficiency can be improved, and the time cost is reduced. By setting up the first metering component, the input defluorination agent can be monitored to accurately control the addition amount of the defluorination agent and avoid waste. After the zinc smelting waste acid undergoes a secondary defluorination process and passes through adsorption and filtration, the defluorination effect is good, and the fluoride ion concentration can be reduced to below 10 mg / L, meeting the national standard. The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art. Description of the Drawings
[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a zinc smelting defluorination device proposed by the present utility model.
[0016] In the drawings: 1 first reaction tank, 101 first feed inlet, 102 liquid inlet pipe, 2 first sedimentation tank, 21 inclined tube assembly, 22 liquid outlet channel, 201 liquid outlet pipe, 3 second reaction tank, 31 first metering component, 301 first feed pipe, 311 second feed inlet, 4 second sedimentation tank, 5 adsorption tank, 51 material holding structure, 52 adsorption filler, 6 membrane filtration tank, 7 first coagulant aid solution tank, 701 third feed inlet, 702 first water inlet pipe, 703 second metering component, 704 first liquid outlet pipe, 705 first metering pump liquid outlet pipe, 8 second coagulant aid solution tank, 801 fourth feed inlet, 802 second water inlet pipe, 803 third metering component, 804 second liquid outlet pipe, 805 second metering pump liquid outlet pipe, 9 metering pump, 10 electrocoagulation module, 11 DC power supply, 12 cathode, 13 anode. Detailed Embodiments
[0017] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present application described and marked in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application to be protected, but only represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.
[0018] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, a zinc smelting defluorination device provided in this embodiment may include a first reaction tank 1, a first sedimentation tank 2, a second reaction tank 3, a second sedimentation tank 4, an adsorption tank 5, a membrane filtration tank 6, a first coagulant aid solution tank 7, and a second coagulant aid solution tank 8 in some embodiments. Specifically, the first reaction tank 1, the first sedimentation tank 2, the second reaction tank 3, the second sedimentation tank 4, the adsorption tank 5, and the membrane filtration tank 6 are arranged in sequence along the water flow direction. The first coagulant aid solution tank 7 is connected to the first reaction tank 1 through a metering pump 9, and the second coagulant aid solution tank 8 is connected to the second reaction tank 3 through a metering pump 9. The first sedimentation tank 2 is connected to the second reaction tank 3 through a metering pump 9. A first feed pipe 301 is provided on the second reaction tank 3, and a first metering assembly 31 is provided on the first feed pipe 301. A control valve may also be provided on the first feed pipe 301. The control valve is electrically connected to the first metering assembly 31 and the three metering pumps 9 respectively, and it can control the start or stop of the first metering assembly 31 and the metering pumps 9 according to the control valve, so as to control the ratio of the acid waste liquid supernatant treated by the first sedimentation tank 2 and the added defluorinating agent in the second reaction tank 3, thereby accurately controlling the addition amounts of the defluorinating agent and the acid waste liquid supernatant and avoiding waste. A first feed port 101 is provided on the first reaction tank 1 for adding calcium salt or lime milk to the first reaction tank 1; a second feed port 311 is provided on the second reaction tank 3. The second feed port 311 is arranged at one end of the first feed pipe 301 for putting the defluorinating agent into the second reaction tank 3. Stirring mechanisms are respectively arranged in the first reaction tank 1 and the second reaction tank 3. A liquid inlet pipe 102 and a pH meter are also arranged in the first reaction tank 1. After adding acid and alkali to adjust the pH into the first reaction tank 1 through the first feed port 101, calcium salt or lime milk is added. The middle and lower part of the second sedimentation tank 4 is also connected to the second reaction tank 3 through a water pump, so that the flocculent precipitate at the bottom of the second sedimentation tank 4 flows back into the second reaction tank 3 to keep the precipitate stable.
[0019] A third feed inlet 701, a first water inlet pipe 702, a second metering assembly 703, a first liquid outlet pipe 704, and a first metering pump liquid outlet pipe 705 are provided on the first coagulant aid solution tank 7; the metering pump 9 is respectively connected to the first liquid outlet pipe 704 and the first metering pump liquid outlet pipe 705. The third feed inlet 701 is provided at the top of the first coagulant aid solution tank 7, the first water inlet pipe 702 is provided on one side of the first coagulant aid solution tank 7, and the second metering assembly 703 is provided on the first water inlet pipe 702 to control the concentration ratio of the coagulant aid solution in the first coagulant aid solution tank 7. A stirring rod is also provided on the first coagulant aid solution tank 7. In some embodiments, the coagulant aid may include polyacrylamide (PAM), etc. The coagulant aid is put into the tank through the third feed inlet 701, the proportioning water is injected into the first coagulant aid solution tank 7 by opening the first water inlet pipe 702, and the stirring rod in the first coagulant aid solution tank 7 is started for flocculation stirring, thus obtaining the coagulant aid proportioning liquid for production use. The proportioning concentration of the coagulant aid is about 0.2%. The coagulant aid solution that meets the standard after preparation enters the first reaction tank 1 through the first liquid outlet pipe 704 and the first metering pump liquid outlet pipe 705 connected thereto, and the stirring mechanism in the first reaction tank 1 is started to carry out flocculation stirring on the water body after the mixed flocculation reaction with the addition of the coagulant aid. The flocculation reaction time is 25 minutes. The setting of the first coagulant aid solution tank 7 can accelerate the flocculation rate, improve the treatment efficiency, shorten the standing time, and reduce the time cost. It can be understood that in some other embodiments, the proportioning concentration of the coagulant aid can be set according to requirements.
[0020] A fourth feed inlet 801, a second water inlet pipe 802, a third metering assembly 803, a second liquid outlet pipe 804 and a second metering pump liquid outlet pipe 805 are provided on the second coagulant aid solution tank 8. The metering pump 9 is respectively connected to the second liquid outlet pipe 804 and the second metering pump liquid outlet pipe 805. The fourth feed inlet 801 is provided at the top of the second coagulant aid solution tank 8, the second water inlet pipe 802 is provided on one side of the second coagulant aid solution tank 8, and the third metering assembly 803 is provided on the second water inlet pipe 802 to control the concentration ratio of the coagulant aid solution in the second coagulant aid solution tank 8. Specifically, a stirring rod is further provided on the second coagulant aid solution tank 8. In some embodiments, the coagulant aid may include polyacrylamide (PAM), etc. The coagulant aid is fed into the tank through the fourth feed inlet 801, the proportioning water is injected into the second coagulant aid solution tank 8 by opening the second water inlet pipe 802, and the stirring rod in the second coagulant aid solution tank 8 is started for flocculation stirring, thus obtaining the coagulant aid proportioning liquid for production use. The proportioning concentration of the coagulant aid is about 0.2%. The coagulant aid solution that meets the standard after preparation enters the second reaction tank 3 through the second liquid outlet pipe 804 and the second metering pump liquid outlet pipe 805 connected thereto, and the stirring mechanism in the second reaction tank 3 is started to carry out flocculation stirring on the water body after the mixed flocculation reaction after adding the coagulant aid. The flocculation reaction time is 25 minutes. The setting of the second coagulant aid solution tank 8 can accelerate the flocculation rate, shorten the standing time, improve the treatment efficiency, and reduce the time cost. It can be understood that in some other embodiments, the proportioning concentration of the coagulant aid can be set according to requirements. The third metering assembly 803 and the second metering assembly 703 are respectively electrically connected to the control valve.
[0021] A inclined tube assembly 21 is provided in the first sedimentation tank 2. An outlet pipe 201 is provided on the first sedimentation tank 2. An outlet channel 22 is provided at one end close to the outlet pipe 201. A sludge hopper is also provided at the bottom of the first sedimentation tank 2. The inclined tube assembly 21 is used for separating mud and water. The treated water after mud-water separation enters the second reaction tank 3 through the outlet channel 22 and the outlet pipe 201. An electrocoagulation module 10 is provided in the second sedimentation tank 4. The electrocoagulation module 10 includes a DC power supply 11 and electrodes. The electrodes are located in the second sedimentation tank, and the DC power supply 11 is electrically connected to the electrodes. The electrodes include a cathode 12 and an anode 13. The cathode 12 and the anode 13 are electrically connected to the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the DC power supply 11 respectively. Specifically, the electrodes are located in the second sedimentation tank 4, and the vertical distance between the electrodes and the top outlet of the second sedimentation tank 4 is not less than 10 cm and not more than 20 cm. In this embodiment, the DC power supply 11 of the electrocoagulation module 10 is connected to the cathode 12 and the anode 13 respectively through copper core wires. In this embodiment, the material of the cathode 12 of the electrocoagulation module 10 is aluminum, and the material of the anode 13 is aluminum or graphite. The DC power supply 11 of the electrocoagulation module 10 can adjust the current magnitude to control the electrocoagulation efficiency, thereby shortening the static time and improving the treatment efficiency. By energizing the cathode 12 and the anode 13 of the electrocoagulation module 10, the colloidal stability is destroyed and the flocculation separation is accelerated. During the flocculation period, the current magnitude of the DC power supply 11 of the electrocoagulation module 10 can be adjusted according to the actual situation.
[0022] In some embodiments, the adsorption tank 5 may include a detachable material loading structure 51 and adsorption packing 52 filled in the material loading structure 51. In some embodiments, the adsorption packing 52 may be defluorination resin and / or activated carbon. The adsorption packing 52 performs physical adsorption to further reduce the fluorine content in the wastewater, so as to ensure the stable and up-to-standard quality of the effluent after treating the contaminated acid wastewater.
[0023] In some embodiments, the membrane filtration tank 6 may include a membrane structure, which is used for membrane filtration of the effluent after being treated by the adsorption tank 5.
[0024] Working principle: When the zinc smelting fluorine removal device is in operation, the contaminated acid wastewater enters the first reaction tank 1. After adjusting the pH by adding acid and alkali, a calcium salt or lime milk is added to the first reaction tank 1 through the first feed port 101. The first coagulant aid solution tank 7 is started to obtain the coagulant aid ratio solution. The metering pump 9 between the first coagulant aid solution tank 7 and the first reaction tank 1 is opened, and an appropriate amount of the coagulant aid ratio solution is injected. After being fully stirred by the stirring mechanism, the flocculation rate is accelerated. The reacted contaminated acid wastewater overflows into the first sedimentation tank 2 for static sedimentation. The metering pump 9 between the first sedimentation tank 2 and the second reaction tank 3 is opened, and the supernatant liquid in the upper layer of the first sedimentation tank 2 enters the second reaction tank 3. A defluorinating agent is added to the second reaction tank 3 through the second feed port 311. According to the control valve, the start or stop of the metering assembly 31 and the metering pump 9 are controlled to control the ratio of the contaminated acid supernatant liquid treated by the first sedimentation tank 2 and the added defluorinating agent in the second reaction tank 3, so as to accurately control the addition amounts of the defluorinating agent and the contaminated acid supernatant liquid. After stirring and reacting in the second reaction tank 3 by the stirring mechanism, the second coagulant aid solution tank 8 is started to obtain the coagulant aid ratio solution. The metering pump 9 between the second coagulant aid solution tank 8 and the second reaction tank 3 is opened, and an appropriate amount of the coagulant aid ratio solution is injected. After being fully stirred by the stirring mechanism, the flocculation rate is accelerated. The reacted contaminated acid wastewater overflows into the second sedimentation tank 4 for static sedimentation. The electrocoagulation module 10 is started to control the electrocoagulation efficiency, thereby shortening the static sedimentation time. The water pump is opened to enable the flocculent precipitate at the bottom of the second sedimentation tank 4 to flow back to the second reaction tank 3 to keep the precipitate stable. The supernatant liquid of the second sedimentation tank 4 flows into the adsorption tank 5, and the fluoride ions are physically adsorbed by the defluorination resin in the adsorption tank 5, and finally flows into the membrane filtration tank 6 for filtration through the membrane structure. After the contaminated acid in zinc smelting undergoes the secondary defluorination process of calcium salt and defluorinating agent and passes through adsorption and filtration, the defluorination effect is good, and the fluoride ion concentration can be reduced to below 10 mg / L, meeting the national standard. The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art.
[0025] As described above, it is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The substitution may be the substitution of part of the structure, device, and method steps, or the substitution of the complete technical solution. Any equivalent substitution or change made according to the technical solution of the present invention and its inventive concept should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A zinc smelting defluorination device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first reaction tank (1), a first sedimentation tank (2), a second reaction tank (3), a second sedimentation tank (4), an adsorption tank (5), a membrane filtration tank (6), a first coagulant solution tank (7) and a second coagulant solution tank (8); the first reaction tank (1), the first sedimentation tank (2), the second reaction tank (3), the second sedimentation tank (4), the adsorption tank (5) and the membrane filtration tank (6) are arranged in sequence; the first coagulant solution tank (7) is connected to the first reaction tank (1) through a metering pump (9); the second coagulant solution tank (8) is connected to the second reaction tank (3) through the metering pump (9); the first sedimentation tank (2) is connected to the second reaction tank (3) through the metering pump (9); the second reaction tank (3) is provided with a first feed pipe (301); and the first feed pipe (301) is provided with a first metering component (31).
2. The zinc smelting defluorination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first reaction tank (1) is provided with a first feed inlet (101) for adding calcium salt or lime milk to the first reaction tank (1); the second reaction tank (3) is provided with a second feed inlet (311), the second feed inlet (311) being arranged at one end of the first feed pipe (301) for adding a defluorinating agent to the second reaction tank (3).
3. The zinc smelting defluorination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first coagulant aid solution tank (7) is provided with a third feed port (701), a first water inlet pipe (702), a second metering component (703), a first liquid outlet pipe (704) and a first metering pump liquid outlet pipe (705); the metering pump (9) is respectively connected to the first liquid outlet pipe (704) and the first metering pump liquid outlet pipe (705), the third feed port (701) is arranged at the top of the first coagulant aid solution tank (7), the first water inlet pipe (702) is arranged on one side of the first coagulant aid solution tank (7), and the second metering component (703) is arranged on the first water inlet pipe (702) to control the concentration ratio of the coagulant solution in the first coagulant aid solution tank (7).
4. The zinc smelting defluorination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second coagulant aid solution tank (8) is provided with a fourth feed port (801), a second water inlet pipe (802), a third metering component (803), a second liquid outlet pipe (804) and a second metering pump liquid outlet pipe (805); the metering pump (9) is respectively connected to the second liquid outlet pipe (804) and the second metering pump liquid outlet pipe (805); the fourth feed port (801) is arranged at the top of the second coagulant aid solution tank (8); the second water inlet pipe (802) is arranged on one side of the second coagulant aid solution tank (8); and the third metering component (803) is arranged on the second water inlet pipe (802) to control the concentration ratio of the coagulant solution in the second coagulant aid solution tank (8).
5. The zinc smelting defluorination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first reaction tank (1) and the second reaction tank (3) are respectively provided with stirring mechanisms, the first reaction tank (1) is also provided with a pH meter, and the middle and lower part of the second sedimentation tank (4) is also connected to the second reaction tank (3) via a water pump.
6. The zinc smelting defluorination device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inclined tube assembly (21) is arranged in the first sedimentation tank (2), a liquid outlet pipe (201) is arranged on the first sedimentation tank (2), a liquid outlet channel (22) is arranged near one end of the liquid outlet pipe (201), a sludge hopper is also arranged at the bottom of the first sedimentation tank (2), an electric flocculation module (10) is arranged in the second sedimentation tank (4), the electric flocculation module (10) comprises a direct current power supply (11) and an electrode, the electrode is located in the second sedimentation tank (4), and the direct current power supply (11) is electrically connected to the electrode.
7. The zinc smelting defluorination device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electrodes include a cathode (12) and an anode (13), and the cathode (12) and the anode (13) are electrically connected to the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the DC power source (11), respectively.