Half-reservoir-basin anti-seepage structure combining asphalt concrete panel and clay blanket
By combining asphalt concrete panels and clay paving in the semi-store pot anti-seepage structure of the reservoir project, and using contact clay and concrete connecting plates at the contact areas, the leakage and reliability problems of joints of different anti-seepage materials are solved, and a more efficient anti-seepage effect of the reservoir is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422193196.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-06
AI Technical Summary
In reservoir engineering, there are more joints between different anti-seepage materials in the semi-store basin anti-seepage structure, resulting in reservoir leakage problems and insufficient joint reliability.
A semi-store basin anti-seepage structure combining asphalt concrete panels and clay paving is adopted. A concrete drainage corridor is set up at the junction of the reservoir bank and the reservoir bottom, and contact clay is filled at the contact parts, combining the concrete connecting plate and the reverse arc transition, the anti-seepage capability of the contact parts is improved.
It effectively reduces reservoir leakage, improves the long-term reliability and stability of joints, maximizes investment, and improves the overall anti-seepage performance of the reservoir basin.
Smart Images
Figure CN223003353U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a semi-basin anti-seepage structure combining an asphalt concrete face slab and a clay blanket. It is applicable to projects such as water conservancy and hydropower projects with the need for basin anti-seepage. Background Technique
[0002] For some projects such as reservoirs and pumped-storage power stations with water resource shortage or small runoff, their anti-seepage requirements are very high, and full-basin anti-seepage types or semi-basin anti-seepage are often considered. At present, in full-basin anti-seepage types or semi-basin anti-seepage forms, asphalt concrete face slabs are mostly used, and the permeability coefficient is generally less than 10 -8 cm / s, with good anti-seepage performance. In addition, clay can be selected for anti-seepage according to local conditions, with low cost and saving project investment.
[0003] For some projects in karst-developed areas, semi-basin anti-seepage types are usually required. Asphalt concrete face slabs can be used for the dam and karst areas of the reservoir bank, clay blankets can be used for the reservoir bottom for anti-seepage, and non-karst areas can be not anti-seeped according to actual conditions. Considering the large flow velocity at the water inlet and outlet, reinforced concrete face slabs are generally used for anti-seepage in the forebay area of the water inlet and outlet.
[0004] The semi-basin anti-seepage types are diverse, and generally multiple anti-seepage materials are used at the same time, such as having asphalt concrete face slabs, clay blankets, reinforced concrete face slabs, etc. at the same time, resulting in more joints between different anti-seepage materials. Therefore, how to design a suitable anti-seepage joint to reduce reservoir leakage and increase the reliability of the lap joint in the connection between the asphalt concrete face slab, clay blanket, reinforced concrete face slab, etc. is an important technology in reservoir anti-seepage projects. Content of the Utility Model
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: aiming at the above problems, to provide a semi-basin anti-seepage structure combining an asphalt concrete face slab and a clay blanket.
[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is: a semi-basin anti-seepage structure combining an asphalt concrete face slab and a clay blanket, characterized by comprising:
[0007] An asphalt concrete face slab on the reservoir bank, laid on the reservoir bank, and there is bedding material below the asphalt concrete face slab on the reservoir bank;
[0008] A clay blanket on the reservoir bottom, covering the reservoir bottom, and covering up to the asphalt concrete face slab on the reservoir bank at the junction of the reservoir bottom and the reservoir bank;
[0009] A concrete drainage gallery, arranged at the junction of the reservoir bottom and the reservoir bank, serving as the toe slab of the asphalt concrete face slab on the reservoir bank, and capable of discharging the seepage water in the bedding material;
[0010] The contact clay is arranged at the contact part between the clay blanket at the bottom of the reservoir and the asphalt concrete facing on the reservoir bank.
[0011] It also includes:
[0012] The asphalt concrete facing of the dam is laid on the upstream dam surface of the dam;
[0013] At the junction of the bottom of the reservoir and the upstream dam surface of the dam, the clay blanket at the bottom of the reservoir covers onto the asphalt concrete facing of the dam;
[0014] The contact clay is arranged at the contact part between the clay blanket at the bottom of the reservoir and the asphalt concrete facing of the dam.
[0015] It also includes:
[0016] The concrete connecting plate is arranged at the junction of the bottom of the reservoir and the upstream dam surface of the dam and serves as the toe slab of the asphalt concrete facing of the dam;
[0017] An inverse arc section is adopted for transition between the asphalt concrete facing of the dam and the concrete connecting plate.
[0018] The clay blanket at the bottom of the reservoir covers the karst area at the bottom of the reservoir and covers a certain range towards the non-karst area;
[0019] Clay cut-off grooves are arranged on the surface of the non-karst area within the coverage of the clay blanket at the bottom of the reservoir and corresponding to the edge of the clay blanket at the bottom of the reservoir, and curtain grouting is arranged below the clay cut-off grooves.
[0020] Filter material is filled on the surface of the foundation in the karst area, and geotextile is laid on the surface of the foundation in the non-karst area.
[0021] Reinforced concrete slabs are laid on the bottom of the reservoir around the water intake of the reservoir. When the reinforced concrete slabs are in contact with the clay blanket at the bottom of the reservoir, the reinforced concrete slabs and the clay blanket at the bottom of the reservoir are connected by a slag retaining sill.
[0022] Bedding material is provided at the lower part of the reinforced concrete slabs, and a concrete drainage gallery is provided corresponding to the bedding material.
[0023] Curtain grouting is arranged below the slag retaining sill.
[0024] A protective layer is arranged on the surface of the clay blanket at the bottom of the reservoir. The protective layer adopts precast concrete blocks and / or stone slag protective layer, and geotextiles are arranged below both the precast concrete blocks and the stone slag protective layer.
[0025] The maximum particle size of the contact clay is 20 mm. The content of particles with a particle size less than 0.075 mm should be controlled to be not less than 60%, and the content of particles with a particle size less than 0.005 mm should be controlled to be not less than 30%. The permeability coefficient after compaction is less than 1×10-6 cm / s.
[0026] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: In the present utility model, a concrete drainage corridor is arranged at the junction of the reservoir bottom and the reservoir bank, and the clay blanket on the reservoir bottom covers the asphalt concrete panel on the reservoir bank. Contact clay is filled at the contact part between the two. The drainage corridor discharges the seepage water below the panel, and together with the contact clay, it ensures the long-term reliable stability of the joint.
[0027] In the present utility model, at the junction of the reservoir bottom and the upstream dam surface of the dam, the clay blanket on the reservoir bottom covers the asphalt concrete panel of the dam, and contact clay is arranged at the contact part between the two, so as to improve the anti-seepage ability of the contact part through the contact clay.
[0028] In the present utility model, the clay blanket on the reservoir bottom covers the karst area of the reservoir bottom and covers a certain range towards the non-karst area. Clay cut-off walls are arranged within the range of non-soluble rock areas, and consolidated grouting is set, which prolongs the seepage path and ensures that the reservoir water will not leak into the karst area through the bottom of the clay.
[0029] By arranging the concrete drainage corridor, the present utility model can not only provide the connection structure of two anti-seepage materials, but also collect and monitor the seepage water of the asphalt concrete on the reservoir bank and the concrete panel of the water intake, and quickly identify the positions of damage or defects.
[0030] In the present utility model, the surface of the clay blanket on the reservoir bottom can be protected by precast concrete blocks or crushed stones according to the water flow velocity, which ensures the stability of the clay blanket under the long-term operation of the reservoir water and forms a systematic anti-seepage structure for the reservoir basin.
[0031] By arranging connection structures such as concrete drainage corridors, slag retaining dams, clay cut-off walls, and concrete connecting plates, the present utility model ensures the integrity of the semi-reservoir-basin anti-seepage type of the asphalt concrete panel on the reservoir bank and the clay blanket on the reservoir bottom, overcomes the problems of poor adaptability to deformation, complex design structure, and difficult construction quality assurance existing in the traditional connection structure due to the large difference in material stiffness, saves investment to the greatest extent, and improves the overall anti-seepage performance of the reservoir basin. Description of the Drawings
[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic plan layout diagram of the embodiment.
[0033] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 A-A cross-sectional view of
[0034] Figure 3 It is Figure 1 B-B cross-sectional view of
[0035] Figure 4 It is Figure 1 C-C cross-sectional view of
[0036] Figure 5 It is Figure 1 D-D cross-sectional view of
[0037] In the figure: 1. Asphalt concrete facing of the reservoir bank; 2. Cushion material; 3. Prefabricated concrete block; 4. Geotextile; 5. Clay blanket; 6. Contact clay; 7. Concrete drainage gallery; 8. Filter material; 9. Karst area; 10. Lithologic boundary; 11. Non-karst area; 12. Earth-rock mixture; 13. Clay cut-off trench; 14. Curtain grouting; 15. Sediment retaining dam; 16. Reinforced concrete facing; 17. Water intake; 18. Stone slag protective layer; 19. Reservoir bank road; 20. Embankment dam body; 21. Spillway; 22. Inverse arc section; 23. Concrete connecting plate; 24. Water conveyance tunnel; 25. Asphalt concrete facing of the dam. Specific implementation manner
[0038] This embodiment is a semi-reservoir-basin anti-seepage structure combining an asphalt concrete facing and a clay blanket 5, including: asphalt concrete facing 1 of the reservoir bank, clay blanket 5 at the reservoir bottom, concrete drainage gallery 7, asphalt concrete facing 25 of the dam, and reinforced concrete facing 16, etc.
[0039] In this example, a concrete drainage gallery 7 is arranged at the junction of the reservoir bottom and the reservoir bank. The asphalt concrete facing 1 of the reservoir bank is laid on the reservoir bank, and is laid from the lower concrete drainage gallery 7 to the upper reservoir bank road 19. The asphalt concrete facing 1 of the reservoir bank generally adopts a simple structure (from top to bottom are 2 mm of mastic sealing layer, 10 cm of asphalt anti-seepage layer, and 8 - 10 cm of leveling and bonding layer). The downstream cushion material 2 is arranged below the asphalt concrete facing 1 of the reservoir bank. The overlapping length of the cushion material 2 and the concrete drainage gallery 77 at the junction of the reservoir bottom and the reservoir bank should not be less than 1.5 m.
[0040] In this embodiment, the asphalt concrete facing 25 of the dam is laid on the upstream dam surface of the reservoir dam. The cushion material 2, transition material and embankment dam body 20 are arranged below the asphalt concrete facing 25 of the dam. A concrete connecting plate 23 is arranged at the junction of the reservoir bottom and the upstream dam surface of the dam as the toe slab of the asphalt concrete facing 25 of the dam. The asphalt concrete facing 25 of the dam and the concrete connecting plate 23 are transitioned by an inverse arc section 22 to improve the deformation adaptability of the anti-seepage facing.
[0041] In this embodiment, the reservoir bottom includes a karst area 9 and a non-karst area 119. The clay blanket 5 at the reservoir bottom covers the karst area 9 of the reservoir bottom and covers a certain range towards the non-karst area 119. The karst area 9, non-karst area 119 and the lithologic boundary 10 between the two are determined according to the geological exploration results and the construction excavation situation, and the filling range of the clay blanket 5 is clarified.
[0042] At the contact part between the bottom clay blanket 5 and the reservoir bank asphalt concrete panel 1, the bottom clay blanket 5 covers onto the reservoir bank asphalt concrete panel 1, and contact clay 6 is filled at the contact part between the two; at the contact part between the bottom clay blanket 5 and the dam asphalt concrete panel 25, the bottom clay blanket 5 covers onto the dam reservoir bank asphalt concrete panel 1, and contact clay 6 is filled between the two.
[0043] In this embodiment, a layer of filter material 8 is filled in the foundation of the karst area 9, and a layer of geotextile 4 can be laid on the foundation of the non-karst area 119, which can prevent the fine particles of the clay blanket 5 from being washed away by groundwater, etc., and extend the seepage path. When the bottom foundation encounters silt, spring soil, etc., it should be dug out, and a mixture of soil and stone 12 is filled to the excavation surface.
[0044] In this example, on the surface of the non-karst area 119 within the coverage of the bottom clay blanket 5, a clay tooth groove 13 is provided corresponding to the edge of the bottom clay blanket 5. Through the clay tooth groove 13, the edge of the bottom clay blanket 5 is thickened, and the thickness of the clay filled in the clay tooth groove 13 is ensured to meet certain requirements.
[0045] In this embodiment, curtain grouting 14 is set downward on the excavation foundation surface of the clay tooth groove 13. The curtain grouting 14 generally penetrates 5 m below the 3Lu line, is arranged in 1 - 2 rows, and is arranged at an interval of 2 m.
[0046] In this example, the thickness of the contact clay 6 is not less than 50 cm, its maximum particle size is 20 mm, the content of particles with a particle size of 0.075 mm should be controlled not less than 60%, and the content of particles with a particle size of 0.005 mm should be controlled not less than 30%.
[0047] In this embodiment, the thickness of the bottom clay blanket 5 should be selected according to the hydraulic gradient. Generally, 8 - 12 is taken on the reservoir basin side, and the permeability coefficient can reach 10-6 cm / s. The thickness at the contact part with the reservoir bank asphalt concrete should be thickened to ensure the tightness of the joint part, and the hydraulic gradient is generally taken as 5 - 8.
[0048] In this embodiment, the water flow velocity at the water intake 17 of the reservoir is relatively large. The water intake 17 is connected to the water conveyance tunnel 24. A reinforced concrete panel 16 is laid on the reservoir bottom around the water intake 17 of the reservoir for anti-seepage. A bedding material 2 is arranged below the reinforced concrete panel 16, and a concrete drainage gallery 7 is configured. The seepage water can flow into the drainage gallery through the bedding material 2.
[0049] In this embodiment, the reinforced concrete panel 16 and the bottom clay blanket 5 are connected by a slag retaining dam 15, and contact clay 6 is also set between the slag retaining dam 15 and the clay blanket 5.
[0050] In this example, when the slag retaining dam 15 is arranged in the front of the water intake 17, curtain grouting 14 is set downward on the foundation excavation surface of the slag retaining dam 15, and a closed anti-seepage system is formed with the curtain grouting 14 of the clay tooth groove 13.
[0051] In this embodiment, the surface of the clay blanket 5 at the bottom of the reservoir needs to be protected according to the water flow velocity. Generally, precast concrete blocks 3 can be set when the flow velocity is above 1 m / s, and a crushed stone protection layer 18 can be set when the flow velocity is below 1 m / s. Geotextiles 4 are arranged below both the precast concrete blocks 3 and the crushed stone protection layer 18.
[0052] In this embodiment, the concrete drainage gallery 7 can mainly collect the seepage water from the reinforced concrete panel 16, the asphalt concrete panel 1 on the reservoir bank, etc., and monitor the seepage situation. The seepage water can be discharged at the outlet of the spillway 21.
[0053] Certainly, the above description is not a limitation on the utility model patent, nor is the utility model patent limited to the above examples. Any changes, additions or substitutions made by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the utility model patent shall fall within the protection scope of the utility model patent.
Claims
1. A semi-basin anti-seepage structure combining asphalt concrete panel and clay blanket, characterized in that: include: A reservoir bank asphalt concrete panel (1) is laid on the reservoir bank, and a cushion material (2) is provided below the reservoir bank asphalt concrete panel (1); The reservoir bottom clay blanket (5) covers the reservoir bottom and covers the reservoir bank asphalt concrete panel (1) at the junction of the reservoir bottom and the reservoir bank; A concrete drainage gallery (7) is arranged at the junction of the reservoir bottom and the reservoir bank, serving as the toe plate of the reservoir bank asphalt concrete panel (1) on the reservoir bank, and can be used to drain the seepage water in the cushion material (2); The contact clay (6) is arranged at the contact position between the reservoir bottom clay blanket (5) and the reservoir bank asphalt concrete panel (1).
2. The semi-basin anti-seepage structure combining asphalt concrete panel and clay blanket according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Also includes: A dam asphalt concrete panel (25) is laid on the upstream dam face of the dam; At the junction of the reservoir bottom and the upstream dam surface, the reservoir bottom clay blanket (5) covers the dam asphalt concrete panel (25); The contact clay (6) is provided at the contact position between the reservoir bottom clay blanket (5) and the dam asphalt concrete panel (25).
3. The semi-basin anti-seepage structure combining asphalt concrete panel and clay blanket according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Also includes: A concrete connecting plate (23) is arranged at the junction of the reservoir bottom and the upstream dam surface of the dam, serving as the toe plate of the asphalt concrete panel (25) of the dam; The dam asphalt concrete panel (25) and the concrete connecting plate (23) are transitioned by an anti-arc section (22).
4. The semi-basin anti-seepage structure combining asphalt concrete panel and clay blanket according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reservoir bottom clay blanket (5) covers the karst area (9) at the reservoir bottom and covers a certain range of the non-karst area (11) (9); Clay tooth grooves (13) are provided on the surface of the non-karst area (11) (9) within the coverage of the reservoir bottom clay blanket (5) and at the edge of the reservoir bottom clay blanket (5), and curtain grouting (14) is provided below the clay tooth grooves (13).
5. The semi-basin anti-seepage structure combining asphalt concrete panel and clay blanket according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The surface of the foundation in the karst area (9) is filled with filter material (8), and the surface of the foundation in the non-karst area (11) (9) is paved with geotextile (4).
6. The semi-basin anti-seepage structure combining asphalt concrete panel and clay blanket according to claim 1 is characterized by: A reinforced concrete panel (16) is laid on the bottom of a reservoir around a water intake (17) of the reservoir. When the reinforced concrete panel (16) contacts the clay blanket (5) on the bottom of the reservoir, the reinforced concrete panel (16) and the clay blanket (5) on the bottom of the reservoir are connected by a slag retaining sill (15), and contact clay (6) is formed between the slag retaining sill (15) and the clay blanket (5) on the bottom of the reservoir.
7. The semi-basin anti-seepage structure combining asphalt concrete panel and clay blanket according to claim 6 is characterized by: A cushion material (2) is provided at the lower part of the reinforced concrete panel (16), and a concrete drainage gallery (7) is provided corresponding to the cushion material (2).
8. The semi-basin anti-seepage structure combining asphalt concrete panel and clay blanket according to claim 6 is characterized by: Curtain grouting (14) is arranged below the slag retaining sill (15).
9. The semi-basin anti-seepage structure combining asphalt concrete panel and clay blanket according to claim 6 is characterized by: A protective layer is arranged on the surface of the clay blanket (5) at the bottom of the reservoir. The protective layer adopts a concrete prefabricated block (3) and / or a slag protective layer (18). A geotextile (4) is arranged below the concrete prefabricated block (3) and the slag protective layer (18).
10. The semi-basin anti-seepage structure combining asphalt concrete panel and clay blanket according to claim 1, 2 or 6, characterized in that: The contact clay (6) has a maximum particle size of 20 mm, the content of particles with a particle size less than 0.075 mm should be controlled to be no less than 60%, the content of particles with a particle size less than 0.005 mm should be controlled to be no less than 30%, and the permeability coefficient after rolling is less than 1×10-6 cm / s.