Hydrogen direct cooling type heat exchanger
By designing a hydrogen direct-cooled heat exchanger, the hydrogen gas is directly cooled down, and the energy efficiency problem caused by the intermediate heat exchange link in the prior art is solved, the effect of improving the unit's refrigeration capacity and energy efficiency is achieved, and the system structure is simplified.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421675398.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-07-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-07-16
AI Technical Summary
In the existing hydrogen refueling machine, the refrigeration unit is used to pre-cool the refrigerant to pre-cool the refrigerant, which adds an intermediate heat exchange link, resulting in low evaporation temperature, small refrigeration capacity, poor energy efficiency, and the water pipeline system and water tank of the refrigeration machine have heat losses, increasing energy consumption.
A hydrogen direct-cooled heat exchanger is designed to directly cool the hydrogen, save the intermediate link of liquid-cooled heat exchange, and use the refrigerant liquid to directly vaporize the heat of hydrogen through the heat exchanger chamber and heat exchange tube in the heat exchanger shell.
It increases the evaporation temperature and cooling capacity of the unit, improves energy efficiency, reduces the cooling loss of the low-temperature liquid supply pipeline, reduces energy consumption, and simplifies the pre-cooling system of the hydrogen refueler, reducing initial investment costs and space occupied.
Smart Images
Figure CN223005379U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen heat exchangers, in particular to a direct hydrogen-cooled heat exchanger. Background Art
[0002] The hydrogen filling machine is configured with a pre-cooling function. At present, on the market, a refrigeration unit is mainly used to pre-cool the secondary refrigerant of the hydrogen filling machine. The refrigeration unit uses a chilled water supply system to transport the low-temperature secondary refrigerant to the pre-cooling heat exchanger of the hydrogen filling machine, and uses the low-temperature secondary refrigerant to pre-cool hydrogen. Due to the addition of an intermediate heat exchange link, the evaporation temperature is on the low side. In the case of using a refrigeration compressor with the same displacement, the refrigerating capacity of the unit is small and the energy efficiency is poor. At the same time, the water pipeline system and water tank of the refrigeration unit exchange heat with the environment, resulting in a certain amount of heat loss and increased energy consumption. Content of the Utility Model
[0003] The present application aims at the above-mentioned disadvantages in the existing production technology and provides a direct hydrogen-cooled heat exchanger, which can directly cool hydrogen, reduce the cold loss of the low-temperature liquid supply pipeline in the liquid cooling heat exchange mode, and effectively reduce energy consumption.
[0004] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:
[0005] A direct hydrogen-cooled heat exchanger includes a heat exchanger housing. A heat exchange cavity is arranged inside the heat exchanger housing. The left and right ends of the heat exchanger housing are respectively welded with a housing flange and an end cover. The cover plate and the end cover seal the left and right ends of the heat exchanger housing. One end face of the housing flange is detachably connected to the cover plate through a connecting member; a refrigerant inlet joint is arranged at the bottom of the heat exchanger housing, a refrigerant outlet pipe is arranged at the top of the heat exchanger housing, and heat exchange tubes are arranged along the length direction of the housing inside the heat exchange cavity of the heat exchanger housing. The air inlet end of the heat exchange tube extends out of the cover plate and is connected to a hydrogen inlet joint, and the air outlet end of the heat exchange tube extends out of the cover plate and is connected to a hydrogen outlet joint.
[0006] Further, a flange gasket is arranged between the cover plate and the housing flange.
[0007] Further, an oil return pipe is welded on the surface of the heat exchanger housing. The oil return pipe is used to return the lubricating oil carried out by the refrigerant to the compressor.
[0008] Further, a temperature measuring pipe socket is arranged on the hydrogen outlet joint.
[0009] Further, an air separation baffle is horizontally arranged inside the heat exchange cavity of the heat exchanger housing. The air separation baffle is located above the heat exchange tubes and below the refrigerant outlet pipe.
[0010] Further, a safety valve is arranged on the heat exchanger housing, and a pressure detection valve is arranged on the heat exchanger housing.
[0011] Furthermore, a liquid level detection sensor is provided on the heat exchanger housing.
[0012] Furthermore, two bases are welded to the bottom of the heat exchanger housing.
[0013] Furthermore, the heat exchange tubes are supported and connected by two heat exchange tube support plates, and the two heat exchange tube support plates are fixed to the bottom of the heat exchange cavity.
[0014] Furthermore, the heat exchange tubes are arranged in a coiled manner back and forth along the length direction of the housing in the heat exchange cavity.
[0015] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:
[0016] The present utility model can eliminate the intermediate link of liquid cooling heat exchange, improve the evaporation temperature of the unit, effectively improve the refrigerating capacity of the unit, and improve the energy efficiency of the unit; the present utility model directly cools the hydrogen, reduces the cold loss of the low-temperature liquid supply pipeline in the liquid cooling heat exchange mode, and effectively reduces the energy consumption; the present utility model eliminates the water-hydrogen heat exchanger, water pump, water tank, water pipeline and valve parts, etc., simplifies the pre-cooling system of the hydrogenation machine, has the advantages of less initial investment cost and small occupied space; the present utility model eliminates the time required to cool the secondary coolant, and can pre-cool the hydrogen immediately after startup, which is convenient and fast. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 is the front view of the present utility model.
[0018] Figure 2 is the top view of the present utility model.
[0019] Figure 3 is the side view of the present utility model.
[0020] Wherein: 1, hydrogen inlet joint; 2, hydrogen outlet joint; 3, temperature measuring tube seat; 4, cover plate; 5, housing flange; 6, liquid level detection sensor; 7, base; 8, heat exchange tube; 9, oil return pipe; 10, refrigerant inlet joint; 11, heat exchanger housing; 12, refrigerant outlet pipe; 13, heat exchange tube support plate; 14, end cover; 15, flange gasket; 16, safety valve; 17, pressure detection valve; 18, gas separation baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0021] The following will describe the specific embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the drawings.
[0022] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, a hydrogen direct-cooled heat exchanger includes a heat exchanger housing 11 with a long tubular structure. A heat exchange cavity is provided inside the heat exchanger housing 11, and the heat exchange cavity is used to store refrigerant liquid. Shell flanges 5 and end caps 14 are welded to the left and right ends of the heat exchanger housing 11 respectively. The cover plate 4 and the end cap 14 seal the left and right ends of the heat exchanger housing 11. One end face of the shell flange 5 is detachably connected to the cover plate 4 through a connecting member, and a flange gasket 15 is provided between the cover plate 4 and the shell flange 5.
[0023] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown in the figure, a refrigerant inlet joint 10 is provided at the bottom of the heat exchanger housing 11. The refrigerant inlet joint 10 can be connected to an external refrigerant pipeline, and the refrigerant liquid flows into the heat exchange cavity of the heat exchanger housing 11 through the refrigerant inlet joint 10. A refrigerant outlet pipe 12 is provided at the top of the heat exchanger housing 11. The refrigerant outlet pipe 12 can be connected to an external pipeline, and the vaporized refrigerant is discharged from the heat exchanger housing 11 through the refrigerant outlet pipe 12.
[0024] As Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown in the figure, heat exchange tubes 8 are arranged along the length direction of the housing inside the heat exchange cavity of the heat exchanger housing 11. Hydrogen flows inside the heat exchange tubes 8. The heat exchange tubes 8 are supported and connected by two heat exchange tube support plates 13, and the two heat exchange tube support plates 13 are fixed at the bottom inside the heat exchange cavity. The heat exchange tubes 8 are arranged in a coiled manner back and forth along the length direction of the housing inside the heat exchange cavity, so that the hydrogen flowing inside the heat exchange tubes 8 can fully exchange heat with the refrigerant inside the heat exchange cavity. The inlet end of the heat exchange tube 8 extends out of the cover plate 4 and is connected to a hydrogen inlet joint 1, and the outlet end of the heat exchange tube 8 extends out of the cover plate 4 and is connected to a hydrogen outlet joint 2.
[0025] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown in the figure, a temperature measuring tube seat 3 is provided on the hydrogen outlet joint 2. The temperature measuring tube seat 3 can detect the temperature at the hydrogen outlet joint 2 for adjusting the cooling capacity of the heat exchanger.
[0026] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown in the figure, a gas separation baffle 18 is horizontally arranged inside the heat exchange cavity of the heat exchanger housing 11. The gas separation baffle 18 is located above the heat exchange tubes 8 and below the refrigerant outlet pipe 12. The gas separation baffle 18 can prevent the refrigerant liquid from being discharged from the refrigerant outlet pipe 12 together with the refrigerant gas.
[0027] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown in the figure, a safety valve 16 is provided on the heat exchanger housing 11. The safety valve 16 is used for the safety protection of the heat exchanger. When the pressure inside the heat exchanger housing reaches a dangerous value, it will open to release the pressure and play a role in safety protection. A pressure detection valve 17 is provided on the heat exchanger housing 11 to detect the pressure inside the heat exchange cavity.
[0028] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a liquid level detection sensor 6 is provided on the heat exchanger housing 11. The liquid level detection sensor 6 can detect the liquid level height of the refrigerant liquid in the heat exchange cavity, so as to adjust the refrigerant supply amount of the compression condensing unit.
[0029] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, two bases 7 are welded to the bottom of the heat exchanger housing 11. The two bases 7 play a supporting role for the heat exchanger housing 11.
[0030] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, an oil return pipe 9 is welded to the surface of the heat exchanger housing 11. The oil return pipe 9 is used to return the lubricating oil carried out by the refrigerant to the compressor.
[0031] The working principle of the present utility model is: when in use, the refrigerant enters the heat exchange cavity, the heat exchange tubes 8 are immersed in the refrigerant, and hydrogen enters the heat exchange tubes 8 to exchange heat with the refrigerant. After the hydrogen exchanges heat with the refrigerant, it is discharged from the heat exchange tubes 8, and the refrigerant liquid that exchanges heat with the hydrogen is heated and vaporized. The vaporized refrigerant gas is discharged through the refrigerant outlet pipe 12. The lubricating oil generated therein is led out of the heat exchange cavity by the oil return pipe 9.
[0032] The present utility model uses the method of directly vaporizing the refrigerant liquid to absorb the heat in the hydrogen to cool the hydrogen, which improves the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant, increases the refrigeration capacity of the unit, and improves the energy efficiency of the unit. The hydrogen direct cooling heat exchanger of the present utility model is provided with an oil return pipeline and a liquid level detection component. According to the characteristic that the density of the lubricating oil is smaller than that of the refrigerant liquid, the oil return port is controlled at the liquid level where the lubricating oil is located, so that the lubricating oil can reliably return to the compressor. The hydrogen direct cooling heat exchanger is designed with a safety valve, which improves the safety of the hydrogen direct cooling heat exchanger. The hydrogen direct cooling heat exchanger is designed with a gas separation baffle to prevent liquid from being carried at the refrigerant outlet. The heat exchange tubes of the hydrogen direct cooling heat exchanger have a high pressure resistance value, and hydrogen flows inside the heat exchange tubes, which improves the safety of the unit.
[0033] The above description is an explanation of the present utility model, not a limitation of the utility model. The scope defined by the present utility model is referred to the claims. Within the protection scope of the present utility model, any form of modification can be made.
Claims
1. A hydrogen direct cooling heat exchanger, comprising a heat exchanger shell (11), characterized in that: A heat exchange cavity is arranged in the heat exchanger shell (11), and a shell flange (5) and an end cover (14) are welded to the left and right ends of the heat exchanger shell (11), respectively. The cover plate (4) and the end cover (14) seal the left and right ends of the heat exchanger shell (11), and one end surface of the shell flange (5) is detachably connected to the cover plate (4) through a connecting piece; a refrigerant inlet joint (10) is arranged at the bottom of the heat exchanger shell (11), and a refrigerant outlet pipe (12) is arranged at the top of the heat exchanger shell (11); a heat exchange tube (8) is arranged in the heat exchange cavity of the heat exchanger shell (11) along the length direction of the shell, the air inlet end of the heat exchange tube (8) protrudes out of the cover plate (4) and is connected to the hydrogen inlet joint (1), and the air outlet end of the heat exchange tube (8) protrudes out of the cover plate (4) and is connected to the hydrogen outlet joint (2).
2. A hydrogen direct cooling heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flange sealing gasket (15) is provided between the cover plate (4) and the housing flange (5).
3. A hydrogen direct cooling heat exchanger as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: An oil return pipe (9) is welded to the surface of the heat exchanger shell (11), and the oil return pipe (9) is used to return the lubricating oil brought out by the refrigerant to the compressor.
4. A hydrogen direct cooling heat exchanger as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: A temperature measuring tube holder (3) is provided on the hydrogen outlet joint (2).
5. A hydrogen direct cooling heat exchanger as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A gas baffle (18) is horizontally arranged in the heat exchange cavity of the heat exchanger shell (11); the gas baffle (18) is located above the heat exchange tube (8) and below the refrigerant outlet tube (12).
6. A hydrogen direct cooling heat exchanger as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: A safety valve (16) is provided on the heat exchanger shell (11), and a pressure detection valve (17) is provided on the heat exchanger shell (11).
7. A hydrogen direct cooling heat exchanger as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: A liquid level detection sensor (6) is provided on the heat exchanger shell (11).
8. A hydrogen direct cooling heat exchanger as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: Two bases (7) are welded to the bottom of the heat exchanger shell (11).
9. A hydrogen direct cooling heat exchanger as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube (8) is supported and connected by two heat exchange tube support plates (13), and the two heat exchange tube support plates (13) are fixed to the bottom of the heat exchange cavity.
10. A hydrogen direct cooling heat exchanger according to claim 9, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube (8) is arranged in a coiled manner back and forth in the heat exchange cavity along the length direction of the shell.