Light curtain type measuring mechanism and light curtain type measuring device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of maintenance of railway train wheel sets, in particular to a light curtain type measuring mechanism and a light curtain type measuring device.The light curtain type measuring mechanism comprises a frame-shaped bottom plate, a first measuring light curtain assembly and a second measuring light curtain assembly; a detection through hole is formed in the frame-shaped bottom plate; the first measuring light curtain assembly and the second measuring light curtain assembly are installed on the frame-shaped bottom plate side by side. The light beams of the first measuring light curtain assembly and the second measuring light curtain assembly cover the detection through hole. The first measuring light curtain assembly and the second measuring light curtain assembly are installed on the frame-shaped bottom plate, the positions of the first measuring light curtain assembly and the second measuring light curtain assembly are fixed, and the relative distance between the first measuring light curtain assembly and the second measuring light curtain assembly is easy to confirm. And the relative position of the first measuring light curtain assembly and the second measuring light curtain assembly cannot be changed, so that the measuring accuracy can be ensured, and the qualification of repeated measurement can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of maintenance of railway train wheelsets, in particular to a light curtain type measuring mechanism and a light curtain type measuring device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's railway industry, higher requirements have been put forward for the quality of vehicle operation and maintenance. There are about hundreds of thousands of trains (also called railway trains) running on the railway line every day, and equipment failure is inevitable. According to statistics, bearing failure accounts for a high proportion of the failures that occur in trains. Therefore, the key to ensuring the reliable operation of trains is to ensure the manufacturing quality and assembly quality of wheelset bearings. The manufacturing quality of bearings is mainly guaranteed by the manufacturer, and the assembly quality of bearings is guaranteed by vehicle manufacturing and maintenance factories and railway bureau operation and maintenance enterprises. When repairing trains at the section level and above, bearings that meet the withdrawal requirements must be withdrawn in accordance with relevant regulations. According to the "Railway Freight Car Wheelset and Rolling Bearing Assembly and Maintenance Rules" and other documents promulgated by the former Ministry of Railways: Train wheelset bearings must be withdrawn when the service life reaches 8 years or the mileage reaches 800,000 km. In addition, when the train encounters failures such as hot shaft bearing seal failure, abnormal sound, jamming, and wheel tread defects exceeding the limit during use, the wheelset must be withdrawn.

[0003] The assembly of the inner ring of the bearing and the journal is an interference fit, and the interference amount is specified in the relevant technical standards. If the interference amount is too large, the inner ring of the bearing will crack, and if the interference amount is too small, the inner ring of the bearing will rotate. Therefore, the assembly of the inner ring of the bearing and the journal is an important process, and the quality of this process mainly depends on the measurement accuracy of the bearing. The inner ring of the bearing has been accurately measured and marked on the bearing before it is manufactured. The user must re-measure before press-fitting the bearing. Therefore, it can be seen that the measurement of the shaft diameter of the wheelset is a very important task.

[0004] There are two main solutions for journal measurement: contact measurement and non-contact measurement. The general measurement principle of existing contact measurement is similar to that of a vernier caliper. It is clamped on the journal through two limit surfaces, and the reading is directly read or the result is indirectly measured through various sensors. This measurement method has high requirements for the contact point force, angle, etc., and the repeatability of multiple measurement results is often poor. Existing non-contact measurement mostly uses point laser or grating, and through the design of the mechanism, the journal diameter measurement is converted into distance measurement. This method has high requirements for tooling and fixtures, and due to the existence of size conversion, it has high requirements for the workpiece, which will cause additional measurement errors due to the conversion of parts. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the utility model provides a light curtain type measuring mechanism and a light curtain type measuring device, which are intended to accurately measure the external dimensions of the axle in the wheelset.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present utility model is as follows:

[0007] A light curtain type measuring mechanism, comprising a frame-shaped bottom plate, a first measuring light curtain assembly and a second measuring light curtain assembly; the frame-shaped bottom plate is provided with a detection through hole; the first measuring light curtain assembly and the second measuring light curtain assembly are arranged side by side on the frame-shaped bottom plate; the light beams of the first measuring light curtain assembly and the second measuring light curtain assembly cover the detection through hole.

[0008] In some embodiments, it further includes a cross beam and a position adjustment mechanism; the position of the first measuring light curtain assembly is adjustably installed on the frame-shaped bottom plate, and the first measuring light curtain assembly is also connected to the cross beam; the position adjustment mechanism is installed on the frame-shaped bottom plate and is in contact and cooperation with the cross beam.

[0009] In some embodiments, the position adjustment mechanism includes a support and a micrometer head; the support is installed on the frame-shaped bottom plate; the micrometer head is installed on the support and is in contact and cooperation with the cross beam.

[0010] In some embodiments, it further includes a plurality of adjustment and locking structures; the adjustment and locking structure includes a position adjustment hole, a bolt connecting piece and a nut connecting piece; the position adjustment hole is penetrated through the frame-shaped bottom plate; the bolt connecting piece sequentially passes through the first measuring light curtain assembly and the position adjustment hole and then is screwed with the nut connecting piece.

[0011] In some embodiments, a groove is provided on the frame-shaped bottom plate, and the nut connecting piece is arranged in the groove.

[0012] In some embodiments, it further includes a blowing block; the blowing block is installed on the frame-shaped bottom plate and is located between the first measuring light curtain assembly and the second measuring light curtain assembly; one end of the blowing block protrudes towards the direction of the detection through hole, and two air blowing ports respectively aligned with the light emitting ports / light receiving ports of the first measuring light curtain assembly and the second measuring light curtain assembly are provided on the protruding part; an air flow channel is arranged inside the blowing block; one end of the air flow channel is communicated with an external air source, and the other end is communicated with the air blowing ports.

[0013] In some embodiments, it further includes a blowing seat and a blowing head mounted on the blowing seat; the blowing seat is mounted on the frame-shaped bottom plate and is located between the first measuring light curtain assembly and the second measuring light curtain assembly; both the blowing seat and the blowing head have air flow channels inside and are interconnected; the air flow channel of the blowing seat is also connected to an external air source; the blowing head has two arms respectively extending to the light emission ports / light receiving ports of the first measuring light curtain assembly and the second measuring light curtain assembly, and air outlet ports for aligning with the light emission ports / light receiving ports of the first measuring light curtain assembly / the second measuring light curtain assembly are provided at the ends of the arms; the air outlet ports are connected to the air flow channel of the blowing head.

[0014] A light curtain type measuring device includes a bracket and the light curtain type measuring mechanism as described above; the two light curtain type measuring mechanisms are relatively mounted on the bracket.

[0015] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The present utility model mounts the first measuring light curtain assembly and the second measuring light curtain assembly on the frame-shaped bottom plate, the positions of the first measuring light curtain assembly and the second measuring light curtain assembly are fixed and it is easy to confirm the relative distance between the two. When measuring the axle, if it is necessary to move the frame-shaped bottom plate, the relative positions of the first measuring light curtain assembly and the second measuring light curtain assembly will not change, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the measurement and the qualification of repeated measurements. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the light curtain type measuring device described in the present utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the light curtain type measuring mechanism described in the present utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 An enlarged schematic structural diagram of area A in

[0019] Figure 4 It is Figure 2 A schematic back structure diagram of

[0020] Figure 5 It is Figure 4 An enlarged schematic structural diagram of area B in

[0021] Figure 6 It shows a schematic structural diagram of the light curtain type measuring mechanism with the first blowing structure.

[0022] Figure 7 It is Figure 6 An enlarged schematic structural diagram of area C in

[0023] Figure 8 The structural schematic diagram of the light curtain type measuring mechanism with the second blowing structure is shown.

[0024] Figure 9 is Figure 8 The enlarged structural schematic diagram of area D in

[0025] Figure 10 is Figure 8 The back structural schematic diagram of

[0026] Figure 11 is Figure 10 The enlarged structural schematic diagram of area E in

[0027] The explanations of each label in the figure are as follows: bracket 1, light curtain type measuring mechanism 2, wheel set 3, frame-shaped bottom plate 21, detection through hole 210, cross beam 22, position adjustment mechanism 23, support 231, differential head 232, first measuring light curtain assembly 24, second measuring light curtain assembly 25, adjustment and locking structure 26, bolt connecting piece 261, nut connecting piece 262, groove 263, blowing block 27, air blowing port 271, blowing seat 28, blowing head 29, air outlet 291. Specific embodiments

[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, the meaning of several is one or more, the meaning of multiple is two or more, greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood as not including the present number, above, below, within, etc. are understood as including the present number. If there are descriptions of similar terms such as first and second, they are only used to distinguish technical features and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features or the sequence relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined, words such as setting, installing, connecting, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above words in the present invention in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0032] As Figure 1 shown, a light curtain type measuring device according to an embodiment of the present application includes a bracket 1 and two light curtain type measuring mechanisms 2.

[0033] Among them, the bracket 1 can be a portal frame or a gantry, and the wheel set 3 to be detected is placed below the bracket 1.

[0034] The two light curtain type measuring mechanisms 2 are relatively installed on the bracket 1 and are respectively located at both ends of the wheel set 3 to be detected, and are respectively used to measure the external dimensions of both ends of the axle of the wheel set 3, such as measuring the journal size and the dust guard seat size.

[0035] As Figure 2 shown, the light curtain type measuring mechanism 2 includes a frame-shaped bottom plate 21, a first measuring light curtain assembly 24 and a second measuring light curtain assembly 25.

[0036] The frame-shaped bottom plate 21 is vertically arranged and has a detection through hole 210 in the middle thereof to facilitate the end of the axle to pass through.

[0037] The first measuring light curtain assembly 24 and the second measuring light curtain assembly 25 are arranged side by side on the frame-shaped bottom plate 21, and the first measuring light curtain assembly 24 may be located above the second measuring light curtain assembly 25. The first measuring light curtain assembly 24 and the second measuring light curtain assembly 25 have the same structure and both include a light emitter and a light receiver, and the light beam emitted by the light emitter is received by the light receiver.

[0038] As an optional implementation manner, the light beams of the first measuring light curtain assembly 24 and the second measuring light curtain assembly 25 are distributed in the horizontal direction. Therefore, the light emitter and the light receiver can be respectively installed on both sides of the detection through hole 210 so that the light beams of the first measuring light curtain assembly 24 and the second measuring light curtain assembly 25 cover all or part of the detection through hole 210.

[0039] During detection, the end of the axle is passed through the detection through hole 210. If the journal is to be detected, its size can be known when the journal blocks the light beams of the first measuring light curtain assembly 24 and the second measuring light curtain assembly 25. If the dust guard seat is to be detected, its size can be known when the dust guard seat blocks the light beams of the first measuring light curtain assembly 24 and the second measuring light curtain assembly 25. In the present application, the first measuring light curtain assembly 24 and the second measuring light curtain assembly 25 are installed on the frame-shaped bottom plate 21, the positions of the first measuring light curtain assembly 24 and the second measuring light curtain assembly 25 are fixed and it is easy to confirm the relative distance between the two. When measuring the axle, if the frame-shaped bottom plate 21 needs to be moved, the relative positions of the first measuring light curtain assembly 24 and the second measuring light curtain assembly 25 will not change, so as to ensure the accuracy of the measurement and the qualification of repeated measurement.

[0040] Measurements are carried out using two sets of measurement light curtain components. Most importantly, it is necessary to ensure the parallelism of the light beams of the two sets of measurement light curtain components. The key to determining this characteristic lies in the installation of the measurement light curtain components. Therefore, in order to ensure that the light beams of the two sets of measurement light curtain components are parallel to each other during installation, as Figure 2 shown, the light curtain type measurement mechanism 2 described in this application further includes a cross beam 22 and a position adjustment mechanism 23. The installation position of one set of measurement light curtain components can be adjusted through the cross beam 22 and the position adjustment mechanism 23. For example, the installation position of the first measurement light curtain component 24 can be adjusted. The second measurement light curtain component 25 can be installed and fixed first, and then the installation position of the first measurement light curtain component 24 can be adjusted through the cross beam 22 and the position adjustment mechanism 23 so that the light beam of the first measurement light curtain component 24 is parallel to the light beam of the second measurement light curtain component 25. Therefore, the first measurement light curtain component 24 needs to be installed on the frame-shaped bottom plate 21 in a position-adjustable manner, and the first measurement light curtain component 24 is also connected to the cross beam 22. The position adjustment mechanism 23 is installed on the frame-shaped bottom plate 21 and is in contact cooperation with the cross beam 22. The position and attitude of the cross beam 22 in contact with it can be adjusted through the position adjustment mechanism 23, and then the installation position of the first measurement light curtain component 24 can be adjusted so that the light beam of the first measurement light curtain component 24 is parallel to the light beam of the second measurement light curtain component 25. Multiple position adjustment mechanisms 23 can be provided to adjust the position and attitude of the cross beam 22.

[0041] As an alternative implementation manner, as Figure 3 shown, the position adjustment mechanism 23 may include a support 231 and a differential head 232. The support 231 is installed on the frame-shaped bottom plate 21, and the differential head 232 is installed on the support 231 and is in contact cooperation with the cross beam 22. The differential head 232 can use a self-locking differential head with the model number CMHDN6.5 purchased from Misumi. Using the differential head 232 to adjust the position and attitude of the cross beam 22 can achieve precise adjustment and locking.

[0042] And as an alternative manner for the first measurement light curtain component 24 to be installed on the frame-shaped bottom plate 21 in a position-adjustable manner, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, a plurality of adjustment and locking structures 26 can be dispersedly arranged between the first measurement light curtain component 24 and the frame-shaped bottom plate 21. The adjustment and locking structure 26 includes a position adjustment hole ( Figure 5(The position adjustment hole at this position is not shown because it is blocked by the nut connecting member 262), the bolt connecting member 261 and the nut connecting member 262. The position adjustment hole is penetratingly provided on the frame-shaped bottom plate 21. The position adjustment hole can be a kidney-shaped hole, and the position adjustment hole penetrates through the frame-shaped bottom plate 21 so that the bolt connecting member 261 can pass through. The bolt connecting member 261 can move within this kidney-shaped hole. The bolt connecting member 261 sequentially passes through the first measurement light curtain assembly 24 and the position adjustment hole and then is screwed to the nut connecting member 262.

[0043] When installing the measurement light curtain assembly, first install the second measurement light curtain assembly 25 onto the frame-shaped bottom plate 21 and fix it. Then, pre-install the first measurement light curtain assembly 24 onto the frame-shaped bottom plate 21 through a plurality of adjustment and locking structures 26. At this time, the adjustment and locking structures 26 are not locked, that is, the first measurement light curtain assembly 24 is not completely fixed to the frame-shaped bottom plate 21, and the two can move relative to each other. Then, adjust the position and posture of the cross beam 22 and the first measurement light curtain assembly 24 thereon through the position adjustment mechanism 23 so that the light beams are parallel to the light beams of the second measurement light curtain assembly 25, and then lock the adjustment and locking structures 26, that is, fix the first measurement light curtain assembly 24.

[0044] In addition, a groove 263 can also be opened on the frame-shaped bottom plate 21, and then the nut connecting member 262 is arranged in this groove 263 to prevent the nut connecting member 262 from being accidentally touched and affecting the position and posture of the first measurement light curtain assembly 24.

[0045] Since the measurement light curtain assembly mainly relies on light beams for measurement, it is necessary to minimize the influence of dust and other sundries on the light beams. In this application, a blowing structure is used to prevent the light emission ports / light receiving ports of the first measurement light curtain assembly 24 and the second measurement light curtain assembly 25 from being blocked by dust and other sundries.

[0046] As Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, the first blowing structure designed in this application includes a blowing block 27. The blowing block 27 is installed on the frame-shaped bottom plate 21 and is located between the first measurement light curtain assembly 24 and the second measurement light curtain assembly 25. One end of the blowing block 27 protrudes towards the direction of the detection through hole 210, and there are two air blowing ports 271 on this protruding part that respectively align with the light emission ports / light receiving ports of the first measurement light curtain assembly 24 and the second measurement light curtain assembly. An air flow channel is provided inside the blowing block 27. On the one hand, the air flow channel is connected to an external air source, and on the other hand, it is connected to the air blowing ports 271.

[0047] For example, the light emission ports of the first measurement light curtain assembly 24 and the second measurement light curtain assembly are located on the same side, and the light reception ports are all located on the other side. Then, the two air blowing ports 271 of the air blowing block 27 can simultaneously purge the light emission ports of the first measurement light curtain assembly 24 and the second measurement light curtain assembly, or simultaneously purge the light reception ports of the first measurement light curtain assembly 24 and the second measurement light curtain assembly. That is, only one air blowing block 27 can be provided, or one can be provided on each side.

[0048] Since the first air blowing structure needs to protrude a part in the direction of the detection through hole 210 so that its air blowing port 271 can be aligned with the light emission port / light reception port, this protruding part may interfere with the axle. Therefore, to avoid this situation, as Figures 8 - 11 shown, the present application also designs a second air blowing structure, which includes an air blowing base 28 and an air blowing head 29 installed on the air blowing base 28. The air blowing base 28 is installed on the frame-shaped bottom plate 21 and is located between the first measurement light curtain assembly 24 and the second measurement light curtain assembly 25. Both the air blowing base 28 and the air blowing head 29 have air flow channels inside, and the air flow channels of the air blowing base 28 and the air flow channels of the air blowing head 29 are interconnected. The air flow channel of the air blowing base 28 is also connected to an external air source. The air blowing base 28 does not protrude in the direction of the detection through hole 210, and the air blowing head 29 has two arms that respectively extend to the light emission ports / light reception ports of the first measurement light curtain assembly 24 and the second measurement light curtain assembly. The end of the arm is provided with an air outlet 291 that is aligned with the light emission port / light reception port of the first measurement light curtain assembly 24 / the second measurement light curtain assembly, and the air outlet 291 is connected to the air flow channel of the air blowing head 29. The working principle of the second air blowing structure is basically the same as that of the first air blowing structure, so the working principle and technical effects are not described in detail here.

[0049] In the second air blowing structure, the air blowing base 28 does not protrude in the direction of the detection through hole 210, and only two arms of the air blowing head 29 extend to the light emission ports / light reception ports. Therefore, it will not interfere with the axle to be detected, and it is safer to use, but the structure is more complex.

[0050] The first air blowing structure and the second air blowing structure can be used in combination, that is, the first air blowing structure can be installed on one side and the second air blowing structure can be installed on the other side. Of course, the first air blowing structure and the second air blowing structure can also be used alone and installed on one side / both sides.

[0051] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as these combinations of technical features do not conflict, they should be considered to be within the scope described in this specification.

[0052] The above preferred embodiments should not be construed as limiting the present utility model, and the protection scope of the present utility model shall be subject to the scope defined by the claims. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A light curtain type measuring mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a frame-shaped bottom plate (21), a first measuring light curtain assembly (24) and a second measuring light curtain assembly (25); The frame-shaped bottom plate (21) is provided with a detection through hole (210); The first measuring light curtain assembly (24) and the second measuring light curtain assembly (25) are mounted side by side on the frame-shaped base plate (21); the light beams of the first measuring light curtain assembly (24) and the second measuring light curtain assembly (25) cover the detection through hole (210).

2. A light curtain type measuring mechanism as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a crossbeam (22) and a position adjustment mechanism (23); the first measuring light curtain assembly (24) is mounted on the frame-shaped bottom plate (21) in an adjustable manner, and the first measuring light curtain assembly (24) is also connected to the crossbeam (22); the position adjustment mechanism (23) is mounted on the frame-shaped bottom plate (21) and is in contact with the crossbeam (22).

3. A light curtain type measuring mechanism as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The position adjustment mechanism (23) comprises a support (231) and a differential head (232); the support (231) is mounted on the frame-shaped bottom plate (21); the differential head (232) is mounted on the support (231) and is in contact with the crossbeam (22).

4. A light curtain type measuring mechanism as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of adjustment locking structures (26); the adjustment locking structures (26) include position adjustment holes, bolt connectors (261) and nut connectors (262); The position adjustment hole is provided through the frame-shaped bottom plate (21); The bolt connection piece (261) passes through the first measuring light curtain assembly (24) and the position adjustment hole in sequence and is then threadedly connected to the nut connection piece (262).

5. A light curtain type measuring mechanism as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The frame-shaped bottom plate (21) is provided with a groove (263), and the nut connecting member (262) is arranged in the groove (263).

6. A light curtain type measuring mechanism as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a blowing block (27); the blowing block (27) is installed on the frame-shaped bottom plate (21) and is located between the first measuring light curtain assembly (24) and the second measuring light curtain assembly (25); one end of the blowing block (27) protrudes toward the detection through hole (210), and the protruding part has two blowing ports (271) respectively aligned with the light emitting port / light receiving port of the first measuring light curtain assembly (24) and the second measuring light curtain assembly; the interior of the blowing block (27) has an air flow channel; the air flow channel is connected to an external air source on the one hand, and is connected to the blowing port (271) on the other hand.

7. A light curtain type measuring mechanism as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a blowing seat (28) and a blowing head (29) mounted on the blowing seat (28); the blowing seat (28) is mounted on the frame-shaped bottom plate (21) and is located between the first measuring light curtain assembly (24) and the second measuring light curtain assembly (25); the blowing seat (28) and the blowing head (29) both have air flow channels inside and are interconnected; the air flow channel of the blowing seat (28) is also connected to an external air source; the blowing head (29) has two arms extending to the light emitting port / light receiving port of the first measuring light curtain assembly (24) and the second measuring light curtain assembly respectively, and the end of the arm is provided with an air outlet (291) aligned with the light emitting port / light receiving port of the first measuring light curtain assembly (24) / the second measuring light curtain assembly; the air outlet (291) is connected to the air flow channel of the blowing head (29).

8. A light curtain type measuring device, characterized in that: It comprises a bracket (1) and a light curtain type measuring mechanism (2) as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; two light curtain type measuring mechanisms (2) are mounted on the bracket (1) in an opposite manner.

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