Building model wind tunnel testing device capable of adjusting height-width ratio

Abstract

The utility model discloses a building model wind tunnel testing device with an adjustable height-width ratio. The steel partition plate and the round wood plate are both connected with the wind tunnel rotating disc, the round wood plate is provided with a round through groove, the wind pressure collector is placed on the steel partition plate, the pressure measuring pipeline is connected with the wind pressure collector and a wind pressure measuring point on the test building model through the round groove in the center of the round wood plate, and the wind tunnel building model is fixed to the round wood plate through bolts. Under the condition that a wind tunnel building model is kept to be connected with a wind pressure collector through a pressure measuring pipeline, a plurality of groups of combinations of pressure measuring outer cylinders and connecting inner cylinders which need to be disassembled are disassembled in the vertical direction, and the disassembled cylinders can enter the position below the wind tunnel testing ground through a groove formed in the center of a round wood plate along the pressure measuring pipeline and are arranged above the wind pressure collector. According to the utility model, the height-to-width ratio of the building model can be rapidly adjusted in the wind tunnel without installing a pressure measuring pipeline again, the device is suitable for columnar buildings with various section shapes and various height-to-width ratio conditions, and the influence of the height-to-width ratio on the wind load of the building can be conveniently researched.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of construction engineering, and particularly relates to a wind tunnel test device for a building model with adjustable aspect ratio. Background Technique

[0002] With the rapid advancement of urbanization and the continuous innovation of construction technologies, humans have continuously broken through the limits in building height. At the same time, due to the limitations of conditions such as population and resources, for the purpose of efficiently utilizing land resources, high-rise buildings are increasingly widely selected in urban construction. In architectural design, wind load is one of the key loads to be considered, and accurately and reasonably determining the wind load acting on a building is of great significance. In wind tunnel tests, the pressure measurement method is usually used to obtain the wind load of the building model. For high-rise buildings, the aspect ratio has a significant impact on their wind characteristics. When the aspect ratio is changed, the surface pressure distribution, aerodynamic force, flow separation, vortex shedding, and wake structure of the building model will all change accordingly. Therefore, the previous practice was to make multiple models with different aspect ratios for wind tunnel tests, which would lead to an increase in test costs; at the same time, installing pressure measurement pipelines is a very time-consuming part in wind tunnel tests, and using multiple models for tests will increase the workload of installing pressure measurement pipelines and extend the test cycle of the model. Therefore, the existing technology lacks a wind tunnel test device for a building model with adjustable aspect ratio. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the background technique, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a wind tunnel test device for a building model with adjustable aspect ratio to solve the problem that multiple wind tunnel test models with different aspect ratios cannot be installed simultaneously during the existing wind tunnel test process, and further provide a basis for the wind resistance design of buildings.

[0004] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0005] 1. A wind tunnel test device for a building model with adjustable aspect ratio:

[0006] It includes a fixed component and a wind tunnel building model. The wind tunnel building model with adjustable aspect ratio is installed on the fixed component, and the wind pressure collector in the fixed component is connected to the wind tunnel building model; the fixed component includes a steel partition, steel screws, a wind pressure collector, a round wooden board, and wooden rods. Above the wind tunnel turntable at the bottom of the building wind tunnel, there is a steel partition coaxial with the wind tunnel turntable. The outer periphery of the steel partition and the inner periphery of the wind tunnel turntable are fixedly connected by multiple steel screws. Above the circular steel partition, there is a round wooden board coaxial with the steel partition. The outer periphery of the round wooden board and the outer periphery of the wind tunnel turntable are fixedly connected by multiple wooden rods. A circular through groove is opened in the middle of the round wooden board, and the wind tunnel building model is fixed at the circular through groove of the round wooden board. The wind pressure collector is placed on the upper surface of the steel partition, and the wind pressure collector is used to monitor the wind pressure of the wind tunnel building model.

[0007] The described wind tunnel building model includes a bottom plate, a bottom inner cylinder, a pressure measuring unit, a top inner cylinder and a top plate. The bottom inner cylinder is fixedly installed on the bottom plate, and the top inner cylinder is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the top plate. The top inner cylinder, the pressure measuring unit and the bottom inner cylinder are coaxial, and the top inner cylinder and the bottom inner cylinder are connected by the pressure measuring unit. The bottom plate is installed on the upper surface of a round wooden board; the bottom plate is mainly composed of two symmetrically arranged splicing bottom plates spliced together, and the bottom inner cylinder is mainly composed of two symmetrically arranged splicing inner cylinders spliced together. The two splicing inner cylinders are respectively fixedly connected to the two splicing bottom plates.

[0008] The described pressure measuring unit is mainly composed of a number of pressure measuring outer cylinders and a number of connecting inner cylinders. The number of the pressure measuring outer cylinders are arranged at intervals from bottom to top along the axis of the pressure measuring unit. There is a connecting inner cylinder between every two adjacent pressure measuring outer cylinders, and the connecting inner cylinder and the pressure measuring outer cylinder are arranged alternately along the axis of the pressure measuring unit. Both ends of the connecting inner cylinder are respectively sleeved on the inner side walls of two adjacent pressure measuring outer cylinders. The top inner cylinder and the bottom inner cylinder are respectively sleeved on the inner walls of the two pressure measuring outer cylinders at the outermost ends of the pressure measuring unit; a number of wind pressure measuring points are arranged on the surface of the pressure measuring outer cylinder. The number of the wind pressure measuring points are evenly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the pressure measuring outer cylinder and are arranged in the middle of the side wall of the pressure measuring outer cylinder. The wind pressure measuring points are used to measure the wind load of the wind tunnel building model.

[0009] The outer diameters of the bottom inner cylinder, the top inner cylinder and the connecting inner cylinder are the same, and the inner diameter of the pressure measuring outer cylinder is greater than the outer diameter of the connecting inner cylinder.

[0010] A raised ring is arranged on the outer side wall of the connecting inner cylinder. The ends of the two pressure measuring outer cylinders connected to the connecting inner cylinder are both in contact with the raised ring. After the installation of the wind tunnel building model is completed, the distance between two adjacent connecting inner cylinders is greater than 3 cm.

[0011] The wind pressure collector is connected to the wind pressure measuring points on the wind tunnel building model through a pressure measuring pipeline.

[0012] The wind direction angle of the wind tunnel building model during the wind tunnel test is 0° to 90°.

[0013] II. A wind tunnel test method for a building model with adjustable aspect ratio, comprising the following steps:

[0014] Step S1: First, fix a steel partition and a round wooden board with a circular through groove in the center above the wind tunnel turntable at the bottom of the building wind tunnel, and place the wind pressure collector on the steel partition;

[0015] Step S2: Assemble the wind tunnel building model, connect the wind tunnel building model with the wind pressure collector, change the wind direction angle by rotating the wind tunnel turntable, and use the wind pressure collector to collect the wind load of the current wind tunnel building model at different wind direction angles;

[0016] Step S3: Adjust the aspect ratio of the wind tunnel building model, and use the wind pressure collector to collect the wind loads of the wind tunnel building model with different aspect ratios at different wind direction angles, so as to simulate the wind loads borne by building structures with different aspect ratios under real working conditions, and then obtain the influence law of the aspect ratio on the wind loads borne by the building structure.

[0017] The specific content of the said Step S2 is as follows:

[0018] Step S2.1: First, install the two spliced inner cylinders in the wind tunnel building model on the two spliced bottom plates in the movable wind tunnel building model respectively. Move the two spliced bottom plates so that the two spliced bottom plates are spliced into one bottom plate, and at the same time the two spliced inner cylinders are spliced into a bottom inner cylinder. Then connect the bottom plate and the circular wooden board with bolts, so that the centers of the bottom inner cylinder and the circular wooden board are on the same vertical line. Install the pressure measurement unit composed of several pressure measurement outer cylinders and several connecting inner cylinders on the bottom inner cylinder. Then, sleeved the top inner cylinder tightly glued to the top plate on the pressure measurement unit;

[0019] Several of the said pressure measurement outer cylinders are arranged at intervals from bottom to top along the axis of the pressure measurement unit. There is a connecting inner cylinder between every two adjacent pressure measurement outer cylinders, so that the connecting inner cylinder and the pressure measurement outer cylinder are arranged alternately along the axis of the pressure measurement unit;

[0020] Step S2.2: Connect the wind pressure collector to the wind pressure measurement points on the pressure measurement outer cylinder through the pressure measurement pipeline;

[0021] Step S2.3: Then rotate the wind tunnel turntable to change the wind direction angle, and use the wind pressure collector to collect the wind loads of the current wind tunnel building model at different wind direction angles.

[0022] The specific content of the said Step S3 is as follows:

[0023] Step S3.1: Adjust the aspect ratio of the wind tunnel building model: First, separate the pressure measurement outer cylinder and the connecting inner cylinder at the bottommost end of the wind tunnel building model from the wind tunnel building model, detach the bottom plate and the circular wooden board, then move the two spliced bottom plates so that the two spliced bottom plates are separated, and the interval between the two spliced bottom plates is greater than the outer diameter of the pressure measurement outer cylinder. Place the pressure measurement outer cylinder and the connecting inner cylinder separated from the wind tunnel building model on the wind pressure collector through the circular through groove of the circular wooden board along the extension direction of the pressure measurement pipeline;

[0024] Among them, the number of the detached pressure measurement outer cylinders and connecting inner cylinders is the same;

[0025] Step S3.2: Then move the two spliced bottom plates in the wind tunnel building model so that the two spliced bottom plates are spliced into one bottom plate, and at the same time the two spliced inner cylinders are spliced into a bottom inner cylinder, connect the bottom plate and the circular wooden board, and sleeve the bottommost pressure measurement outer cylinder on the bottom inner cylinder;

[0026] Step S3.3: Then rotate the wind tunnel turntable, and use the wind pressure collector to collect the wind loads of the wind tunnel building model with the current aspect ratio at different wind direction angles.

[0027] Step S3.4: Repeat steps S3.1 to S3.3 multiple times to obtain the wind loads of the wind tunnel building models with different aspect ratios at different wind direction angles, so as to simulate the wind loads borne by building structures with different aspect ratios under real working conditions, thereby obtaining the influence law of the aspect ratio on the wind loads borne by the building structure, and using the influence law of the aspect ratio on the wind loads borne by the building structure to carry out structural wind resistance design for the building structure under real working conditions.

[0028] The wind tunnel building model of the present utility model includes a bottom plate, a bottom inner cylinder, a pressure measurement unit, a top inner cylinder, and a top plate. The components in the wind tunnel building model are axially sleeved and connected, and the centers of the components are located on the same vertical line. The wind tunnel test device also includes a fixed component in the wind tunnel, and the wind tunnel building model is installed on the fixed component.

[0029] The pressure measurement unit is composed of a plurality of pressure measurement outer cylinders and a plurality of connecting inner cylinders. The pressure measurement outer cylinders and the connecting inner cylinders are alternately arranged in the axial direction of the pressure measurement unit. A plurality of wind pressure measurement points are arranged on the surface of the pressure measurement outer cylinder for measuring the wind loads of the wind tunnel building model.

[0030] The wind pressure measurement points on the surface of the pressure measurement outer cylinder are connected to the wind pressure collector below the wind tunnel test ground through pressure measurement pipelines. The wind tunnel building model can, on the premise of maintaining the connection of the pressure measurement pipelines, disassemble the combination of several groups of pressure measurement outer cylinders and connecting inner cylinders that need to be disassembled vertically. The disassembled pressure measurement outer cylinders and connecting inner cylinders can enter below the wind tunnel test ground through the circular through slots opened in the center of the round wooden board along the extension direction of the pressure measurement pipelines and be placed above the wind pressure collector to realize the adjustment of the aspect ratio of the wind tunnel building model.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present utility model are as follows:

[0032] 1. The present utility model takes into account the complexity of the connection of the pressure measurement pipelines in the wind tunnel pressure measurement experiment, avoids installing the pressure measurement pipelines multiple times, realizes the adjustment of the aspect ratio of the wind tunnel test model with only one installation of the pressure measurement pipelines, and is convenient for analyzing the influence of the aspect ratio on the building wind loads; at the same time, when the wind tunnel test model is connected to the pressure measurement pipelines, each section of the model is restricted by the series connection of the measured pressure pipelines and cannot be directly disassembled. The present utility model adjusts the aspect ratio of the test model by placing several pressure measurement units below the wind tunnel test ground.

[0033] 2. The present utility model is applicable to all building models with a constant cross-sectional shape along the height, such as the building structures of cylinders, elliptical cylinders, and rectangular columns, does not limit the arrangement position of the wind pressure measurement points, does not limit the range and value of the adjustable aspect ratio, and can be flexibly adjusted according to the test requirements.

[0034] 3. The utility model has a simple structure, is easy to install, ensures rigidity, and has a wide range of applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the device of the utility model;

[0036] Figure 2 is an assembly schematic diagram of the pressure measuring outer cylinder, the connecting inner cylinder and the bottom plate;

[0037] Figure 3 is a top view of the bottom plate and the bottom inner cylinder;

[0038] Figure 4 is an operation schematic diagram for changing the height-width ratio of the model;

[0039] Figure 5 is a process schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0040] In the figure: 1. Building wind tunnel; 2. Wind tunnel turntable; 3. Steel partition; 4. Steel screw; 5. Wind pressure collector; 6. Pressure measuring pipeline; 7. Circular wooden board; 8. Wooden rod; 9. Wind tunnel building model; 10. Bottom plate; 11. Bottom inner cylinder; 12. Pressure measuring outer cylinder; 13. Wind pressure measuring point; 14. Connecting inner cylinder; 15. Top inner cylinder; 16. Top plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0041] The following is a detailed description of the utility model in combination with specific implementation cases. The following implementation cases will help those skilled in the art to further understand the utility model, but do not limit the utility model in any form.

[0042] As Figure 1 shown, the device includes a fixed component and a wind tunnel building model 9 with an adjustable height-width ratio. The wind tunnel building model 9 is installed on the fixed component. The wind pressure collector 5 in the fixed component is connected to the wind tunnel building model 9 through the pressure measuring pipeline 6. The fixed component includes a steel partition 3, a steel screw 4, a wind pressure collector 5, a circular wooden board 7 and a wooden rod 8. Above the wind tunnel turntable 2 at the bottom of the building wind tunnel 1, there is a steel partition 3 coaxial with the wind tunnel turntable 2. The outer periphery of the steel partition 3 and the inner periphery of the wind tunnel turntable 2 are fixedly connected through a plurality of steel screws 4. Above the circular steel partition 3, there is a circular wooden board 7 coaxial with the steel partition 3. The outer periphery of the circular wooden board 7 and the outer periphery of the wind tunnel turntable 2 are fixedly connected through a plurality of wooden rods 8. A circular through groove is provided in the middle of the circular wooden board 7. The wind tunnel building model 9 is fixed to the circular through groove of the circular wooden board 7 through bolts, and the bottom size of the wind tunnel building model 9 is larger than the circular through groove, so that the wind tunnel building model 9 is placed on the upper surface of the circular wooden board 7. The wind pressure collector 5 is located directly below the circular through groove. The wind pressure collector 5 is placed on the upper surface of the steel partition 3. The wind pressure collector 5 is used to monitor the wind pressure of the wind tunnel building model 9.

[0043] As Figure 2 shown, the wind tunnel building model 9 includes a bottom plate 10, a bottom inner cylinder 11, a pressure measuring unit, a top inner cylinder 15 and a top plate 16; the bottom inner cylinder 11 is fixedly installed on the bottom plate 10, the top inner cylinder 15 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the top plate 16, the top inner cylinder 15, the pressure measuring unit and the bottom inner cylinder 11 are coaxial, and the top inner cylinder 15 and the bottom inner cylinder 11 are connected by the pressure measuring unit, and the bottom plate 10 is installed on the upper surface of the round wooden board 7; As Figure 3 shown, the bottom plate 10 is mainly composed of two spliced bottom plates arranged symmetrically, and the bottom inner cylinder 11 is mainly composed of two spliced inner cylinders arranged symmetrically. The two spliced inner cylinders are respectively fixedly connected to the two spliced bottom plates.

[0044] The pressure measuring unit is mainly composed of a plurality of pressure measuring outer cylinders 12 and a plurality of connecting inner cylinders 14. The plurality of pressure measuring outer cylinders 12 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the pressure measuring unit from bottom to top. A connecting inner cylinder 14 is provided between every two adjacent pressure measuring outer cylinders 12, and the connecting inner cylinder 14 and the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 are arranged alternately along the axial direction of the pressure measuring unit. Both ends of the connecting inner cylinder 14 are respectively sleeved on the inner side walls of two adjacent pressure measuring outer cylinders 12. The top inner cylinder 15 and the bottom inner cylinder 11 are respectively sleeved on the inner side walls of the two pressure measuring outer cylinders 12 at the outermost ends in the pressure measuring unit. Specifically, the outer side wall of the top inner cylinder 15 is connected to the inner wall of the topmost pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 in the pressure measuring unit, and the outer side wall of the bottom inner cylinder 11 is connected to the inner wall of the lowermost pressure measuring outer cylinder 12.

[0045] A number of wind pressure measuring points 13 are arranged on the surface of the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12. The number of wind pressure measuring points 13 is evenly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 in the middle of the outer wall of the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12. The wind pressure measuring points 13 are used to measure the wind load of the wind tunnel building model 9.

[0046] The outer diameters of the bottom inner cylinder 11, the top inner cylinder 15 and the connecting inner cylinder 14 are the same, and the inner diameter of the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the connecting inner cylinder 14.

[0047] A circle of protrusions is arranged on the outer side wall of the connecting inner cylinder 14. The ends of the two pressure measuring outer cylinders 12 connected to the connecting inner cylinder 14 are both in contact with the protrusions. After the wind tunnel building model 9 is installed, the distance between two adjacent connecting inner cylinders 14 is greater than 3 cm to reserve space for the wind pressure measuring points 13.

[0048] The wind pressure collector 5 is connected to the wind pressure measuring points 13 on the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 in the wind tunnel building model through a pressure measuring pipeline 6.

[0049] The wind direction angle of the wind tunnel building model 9 during the wind tunnel test is 0° to 90°.

[0050] While keeping the wind tunnel building model 9 connected to the wind pressure collector 5 through the pressure measuring pipeline 6, disassemble the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 and the connecting inner cylinder 14 to be disassembled vertically, and separate the bottom plate 10 and the bottom inner cylinder 11 horizontally, leaving enough space for the disassembled pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 and the connecting inner cylinder 14 to pass through. The disassembled pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 and the connecting inner cylinder 14 can enter below the wind tunnel test ground through the circular through-hole opened in the center of the circular wooden board 7 along the extending direction of the pressure measuring pipeline 6 and be placed above the wind pressure collector 5. After the bottom plate 10 and the bottom inner cylinder 11 are combined, the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 above the circular wooden board 7 and the model inner cylinder can be vertically reassembled into the wind tunnel building model 9 with the aspect ratio changed. Among them, the model inner cylinder includes a connecting inner cylinder 14, a bottom inner cylinder 11, and a top inner cylinder 15.

[0051] Each component of the wind tunnel building model 9, including the bottom plate 10, the bottom inner cylinder 11, the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12, the connecting inner cylinder 14, the top inner cylinder 15, and the top plate 16, can be repeatedly disassembled and spliced. The aspect ratio of the wind tunnel building model 9 is achieved by changing the number of sections of the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 and the connecting inner cylinder 14. In order to install the pressure measuring pipeline 6 only once, the present utility model generally starts testing from the working condition with the highest aspect ratio. First, install the wind tunnel building model 9 completely. After the test of the maximum aspect ratio working condition is completed, lower several sections of the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 and the connecting inner cylinder 14 under the circular wooden board 7, and test the working conditions of each aspect ratio from large to small in turn.

[0052] The bottom plate 10, the bottom inner cylinder 11, the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12, the connecting inner cylinder 14, the top inner cylinder 15, and the top plate 16 in the wind tunnel building model 9 are all made of acrylic materials. The inner diameters of the pressure measuring outer cylinders 12 are the same, and the inner diameter of the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of each model inner cylinder, so that the assembly can be just completed during sleeving and there is a large enough frictional force between the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 and the connecting inner cylinder 14 to prevent relative displacement of each component when the overall wind tunnel building model 9 is stressed. The pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 and the connecting inner cylinder 14 are spatially corresponding and their central axes coincide. The inner wall of the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 and the outer wall of the connecting inner cylinder 14 can be polished with sandpaper to increase the surface roughness to make the connection tighter.

[0053] The wind tunnel building model 9 can be any building model with a cross-sectional shape unchanged with height. The present utility model takes a cylinder as an example for illustration and can be applied to building structures such as elliptical cylinders and rectangular cylinders in practice. The heights of the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 and the connecting inner cylinder 14 can be changed according to requirements. A space for the wind pressure measuring point 13, with a height of at least 3 cm, needs to be left between two adjacent connecting inner cylinders 14 after installation.

[0054] As Figure 5 shown, the embodiments of the present utility model include the following steps:

[0055] Step S1. First, fix the steel partition 3 and the round wooden board 7 with a circular through groove in the center on the upper side of the wind tunnel turntable 2 at the bottom of the building wind tunnel 1 through multiple steel screws 4 and multiple wooden rods 8 respectively, and place the wind pressure collector 5 on the steel partition 3;

[0056] Step S2. Assemble the wind tunnel building model 9, connect the wind tunnel building model 9 to the wind pressure collector 5 through the pressure measuring pipeline 6, change the wind direction angle by rotating the wind tunnel turntable 2, and use the wind pressure collector 5 to collect the wind loads of the current wind tunnel building model 9 at different wind direction angles; by rotating the wind tunnel turntable 2, the test under the wind direction angle of 0° to 90° is realized.

[0057] Step S3. Adjust the height-width ratio of the wind tunnel building model 9, and use the wind pressure collector 5 to collect the wind loads of the wind tunnel building model 9 with different height-width ratios at different wind direction angles, so as to simulate the wind loads borne by building structures with different height-width ratios under wind force in the real working conditions, and then obtain the influence law of the height-width ratio on the wind loads borne by the building structure in the real working conditions, and use the influence law of the height-width ratio on the wind loads borne by the building structure to carry out structural wind resistance design for the building structure in the real working conditions.

[0058] The specific steps of Step S2 are as follows:

[0059] Step S2.1. Install the two spliced inner cylinders in the wind tunnel building model 9 on the two spliced bottom plates in the mobile wind tunnel building model 9 respectively. Move the two spliced bottom plates in the mobile wind tunnel building model 9 so that the two spliced bottom plates are spliced into a bottom plate 10. At the same time, splice the two spliced inner cylinders in the wind tunnel building model 9 into a bottom inner cylinder 11. Then connect the spliced bottom plate 10 to the round wooden board 7 so that the centers of the bottom inner cylinder 11 in the wind tunnel building model 9 and the round wooden board 7 are on the same vertical line. Install the pressure measuring unit composed of several pressure measuring outer cylinders 12 and several connecting inner cylinders 14 coaxially on the bottom inner cylinder 11. Then sleeved the top inner cylinder 15 tightly glued to the top plate 16 on the pressure measuring unit;

[0060] Among them, several pressure measuring outer cylinders 12 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the pressure measuring unit from bottom to top, and a connecting inner cylinder 14 is arranged between every two adjacent pressure measuring outer cylinders 12, so that the connecting inner cylinder 14 and the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 are arranged alternately along the axial direction of the pressure measuring unit;

[0061] In the specific implementation, the installation method of the pressure measuring unit is as follows: connect in the order of one section of pressure measuring outer cylinder 12, one section of connecting inner cylinder 14, the next section of pressure measuring outer cylinder 12, and the next section of connecting inner cylinder 14 until the maximum height-width ratio is reached.

[0062] Step S2.2. Connect the wind pressure collector 5 to the wind pressure measuring point 13 on the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 through the pressure measuring pipeline 6;

[0063] Step S2.3: Then rotate the wind tunnel turntable 2 to change the wind direction angle, and use the wind pressure collector 5 to collect the wind loads of the current wind tunnel building model 9 at different wind direction angles.

[0064] Step S3 is specifically as follows:

[0065] Step S3.1: As Figure 4 shown, adjust the height-width ratio of the wind tunnel building model 9: First, separate the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 and the connecting inner cylinder 14 at the bottom of the wind tunnel building model 9 from the wind tunnel building model 9, detach the bottom plate 10 from the circular wooden board 7, then move the two spliced bottom plates so that the two spliced bottom plates are separated, and the interval between the two spliced bottom plates is greater than the outer diameter of the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12. Place the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 and the connecting inner cylinder 14 separated from the wind tunnel building model 9 on the wind pressure collector 5 through the circular through groove of the circular wooden board 7 along the extension direction of the pressure measuring pipeline 6; among them, the number of the detached pressure measuring outer cylinders 12 and the connecting inner cylinders 14 is the same;

[0066] Step S3.2: Then move the two spliced bottom plates in the wind tunnel building model 9 so that the two spliced bottom plates are spliced into a bottom plate 10, and at the same time the two spliced inner cylinders are spliced into a bottom inner cylinder 11, connect the bottom plate 10 to the circular wooden board 7, and sleeve the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 at the bottommost on the bottom inner cylinder 11;

[0067] Step S3.3: Then rotate the wind tunnel turntable 2, and use the wind pressure collector 5 to collect the wind loads of the wind tunnel building model 9 with the current height-width ratio at different wind direction angles;

[0068] Step S3.4: Repeat steps S3.1 to S3.3 multiple times to obtain the wind loads of the wind tunnel building model 9 with different height-width ratios at different wind direction angles, so as to simulate the wind loads borne by building structures with different height-width ratios under wind force in the real working condition, and further obtain the influence law of the height-width ratio on the wind loads borne by the building structure in the real working condition, and use the influence law of the height-width ratio on the wind loads borne by the building structure to carry out structural wind resistance design for the building structure in the real working condition.

[0069] The height-width ratio of the wind tunnel building model 9 is realized by changing the number of sections of the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 and the connecting inner cylinder 14. The heights of the pressure measuring outer cylinder 12 and the connecting inner cylinder 14 can be changed according to requirements, and the wind load wind tunnel test of building models with various height-width ratios can be realized. The wind tunnel building model 9 can be a building model with any cross-sectional shape that remains unchanged with height, and can be applied to building structures such as elliptical columns and rectangular columns. Space for the wind pressure measuring point 13 needs to be left between the two installed connecting inner cylinders 14, with a height of at least 3 cm. The pressure measuring outer cylinders 12 and the connecting inner cylinders 14 detached below the circular wooden board 7 can lie above the wind pressure collector 5 along with the connecting plate of the pressure measuring pipeline 6, without affecting the wind tunnel building model 9.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind tunnel testing device for building models with adjustable aspect ratio, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fixed component and a wind tunnel building model (9), wherein the wind tunnel building model (9) with an adjustable aspect ratio is mounted on the fixed component, and a wind pressure collector (5) in the fixed component is connected to the wind tunnel building model (9); the fixed component comprises a steel partition plate (3), a wind pressure collector (5) and a round board (7), and the steel partition plate (3) and the round board (7) are sequentially arranged from bottom to top above the wind tunnel turntable (2) at the bottom of the building wind tunnel (1), and the inner periphery and the outer periphery of the wind tunnel turntable (2) are respectively fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the steel partition plate (3) and the outer periphery of the round board (7), and the wind tunnel building model (9) is fixed to a circular through groove opened in the middle of the round board (7), and the wind pressure collector (5) is placed on the steel partition plate (3) to monitor the real-time wind pressure of the wind tunnel building model (9).

2. The wind tunnel testing device for building models with adjustable aspect ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind tunnel building model (9) comprises a base plate (10), a bottom inner tube (11), a pressure measuring unit, a top inner tube (15) and a top plate (16); the bottom inner tube (11) is fixedly mounted on the base plate (10); the top inner tube (15) is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the top plate (16); the top inner tube (15), the pressure measuring unit and the bottom inner tube (11) are coaxial, and the top inner tube (15) and the bottom inner tube (11) are connected via the pressure measuring unit; the base plate (10) is mounted on the upper surface of a round wooden board (7); the base plate (10) is mainly composed of two symmetrically arranged spliced ​​base plates, and the bottom inner tube (11) is mainly composed of two symmetrically arranged spliced ​​inner tubes, and the two spliced ​​inner tubes are respectively fixedly connected to the two spliced ​​base plates.

3. The wind tunnel testing device for building models with adjustable aspect ratio according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure measuring unit is mainly composed of a plurality of pressure measuring outer cylinders (12) and a plurality of connecting inner cylinders (14). The plurality of pressure measuring outer cylinders (12) are arranged in an interval from bottom to top along the axial direction of the pressure measuring unit. A connecting inner cylinder (14) is provided between each two adjacent pressure measuring outer cylinders (12), and the connecting inner cylinder (14) and the pressure measuring outer cylinder (12) are arranged alternately along the axial direction of the pressure measuring unit. The two ends of the connecting inner cylinder (14) are respectively sleeved on the inner side walls of the two adjacent pressure measuring outer cylinders (12), and the top inner cylinder (15) and the bottom inner cylinder (11) are respectively sleeved on the inner walls of the two pressure measuring outer cylinders (12) at the end portions of the pressure measuring unit. The surface of the pressure measuring outer cylinder (12) is provided with a plurality of wind pressure measuring points (13), which are evenly spaced and arranged in the middle of the side wall of the pressure measuring outer cylinder (12) along the circumference of the pressure measuring outer cylinder (12), and the wind pressure measuring points (13) are used to measure the wind load of the wind tunnel building model (9).

4. The wind tunnel testing device for building models with adjustable aspect ratio according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer diameters of the bottom inner cylinder (11), the top inner cylinder (15) and the connecting inner cylinder (14) are consistent, and the inner diameter of the pressure measuring outer cylinder (12) is larger than the outer diameter of the connecting inner cylinder (14).

5. The wind tunnel testing device for building models with adjustable aspect ratio according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the connecting inner cylinder (14) is provided with a circle of protrusions, and the ends of the two pressure measuring outer cylinders (12) connected to the connecting inner cylinder (14) are in contact with the protrusions. After the wind tunnel building model (9) is installed, the distance between two adjacent connecting inner cylinders (14) is greater than 3 cm.

6. The wind tunnel testing device for building models with adjustable aspect ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind pressure collector (5) is connected to a wind pressure measuring point (13) on the wind tunnel building model (9) via a pressure measuring pipeline (6).

7. The wind tunnel testing device for building models with adjustable aspect ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wind direction angle of the wind tunnel building model (9) during the wind tunnel test is 0° to 90°.

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