Modular waveguide transmission line structure and waveguide antenna

Abstract

The utility model provides a modularized waveguide transmission line structure and a waveguide antenna. The modularized waveguide transmission line structure comprises a waveguide transmission line and a waveguide slot antenna, the waveguide transmission line comprises a plurality of waveguide transmission units with different transmission directions, the plurality of waveguide transmission units have the same sectional dimension along the transmission direction, and the waveguide slot antenna is connected with the end face of the waveguide transmission line. According to the utility model, the modularized waveguide transmission line structure is adopted, the transmission line design is simplified, the transmission lines with different lengths and shapes can be freely lapped, and the design and optimization efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of waveguide transmission lines, and specifically, to a modular waveguide transmission line structure and a waveguide antenna. Background Technique

[0002] Currently, for the design of waveguide antennas, especially in the field of vehicle-mounted millimeter-wave radars, there is usually a need for multi-channel multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO). Moreover, since the space available for antenna and transmission line layout in vehicle-mounted millimeter-wave radars is small, and there are often technical specifications such as equal length or equal phase of the transmission lines.

[0003] In the prior art, generally, the transmission lines of each channel are designed and simulated separately, which will increase the number of design optimization iterations and reduce the R & D efficiency; different structural designs also result in complicated process control parameters, which is not conducive to improving production efficiency. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a modular waveguide transmission line structure and a waveguide antenna.

[0005] According to a modular waveguide transmission line structure provided by the utility model, it includes: a waveguide transmission line and a waveguide slot antenna;

[0006] The waveguide transmission line includes a plurality of waveguide transmission units with different transmission directions, the cross-sectional dimensions of the plurality of waveguide transmission units along the transmission direction are the same, and the waveguide slot antenna is connected to the end face of the waveguide transmission line.

[0007] Preferably, the plurality of waveguide transmission units are sequentially connected to form a waveguide transmission line.

[0008] Preferably, the waveguide transmission line includes any one or more of the following waveguide transmission units:

[0009] Straight waveguide transmission unit;

[0010] Right-angle elbow unit;

[0011] Oblique-angle elbow unit;

[0012] EH elbow unit.

[0013] Preferably, the length of the straight waveguide transmission unit is adaptively adjusted as required.

[0014] Preferably, the signal input direction and the signal output direction of the right-angle elbow unit are in the same plane and form a 90° angle, and a right-angle matching block is provided on the outer inclined surface at the bending part of the right-angle elbow unit.

[0015] Preferably, the signal input direction and the signal output direction of the bevel elbow unit are in the same plane and form an angle of 45°, and a bevel matching block is provided on the outer bevel surface at the bending portion of the bevel elbow unit.

[0016] Preferably, the signal input direction of the EH elbow unit is perpendicular to the plane where the signal output direction is located. The short side of the waveguide at the signal input end is aligned with the end face of the waveguide at the output end, and the long side of the waveguide at the signal input end is aligned with a short side face of the waveguide at the output end; the signal input direction and the signal output direction of the EH elbow unit are arranged in a spatially perpendicular and staggered manner, and an EH matching block is provided at the common vertex of the signal input end and the signal output end. The signal includes a conversion from the E-plane to the H-plane during transmission.

[0017] Preferably, the waveguide transmission unit includes a U-shaped bend transmission unit. The signal input direction and the signal output direction of the U-shaped bend transmission unit are parallel and opposite. The U-shaped bend transmission unit includes two right-angle elbow units. The signal input direction and the signal output direction of the right-angle elbow unit are in the same plane and form an angle of 90°. The two right-angle elbow units are connected to form a U-shaped bend transmission unit.

[0018] Preferably, the waveguide transmission unit includes an S-shaped bend transmission unit. The signal input direction and the signal output direction of the S-shaped bend transmission unit are parallel and in the same direction. The S-shaped bend transmission unit includes four bevel elbow units. The signal input direction and the signal output direction of the bevel elbow unit are in the same plane and form an angle of 45°. The four are connected to form an S-shaped bend transmission unit.

[0019] Preferably, the waveguide transmission unit satisfies S11 ≤ -20 dB, S21 ≥ -0.5 dB, and the impedance is 50 ohms ± 2%.

[0020] According to a waveguide antenna provided by the present invention, it includes the modular waveguide transmission line structure described above.

[0021] According to a vehicle provided by the present invention, it includes the waveguide antenna described above.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The present invention adopts a modular design of the waveguide transmission line structure, simplifies the transmission line design, freely overlaps transmission lines of different lengths and shapes, and improves the efficiency of design and optimization.

[0024] 2. The present invention adopts a modular structure. By separately optimizing the transmission performance of each module unit, the overall performance of the single-channel transmission line after overlapping is ensured, and the performance difference between different-channel transmission lines is small, avoiding separately optimizing the performance of each transmission line channel and simplifying the optimization process.

[0025] 3. The utility model adopts a modular structure, reduces the differences in processing techniques, and is beneficial to improving the processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Other features, objectives, and advantages of the utility model will become more apparent by reading the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the modular waveguide transmission line structure in the utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the waveguide transmission unit in the utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the U-shaped bend transmission unit in the utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the S-shaped bend transmission unit in the utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of Case 1 of the single-channel waveguide transmission line in the utility model;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of Case 2 of the single-channel waveguide transmission line in the utility model.

[0033] DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS:

[0034] Waveguide transmission line 1, bevel matching block 131

[0035] Straight waveguide transmission unit 11, EH elbow unit 14

[0036] Right-angle elbow unit 12, EH matching block 141

[0037] Right-angle matching block 121, waveguide slot antenna 2

[0038] Bevel elbow unit 13 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0039] The utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the utility model, but do not limit the utility model in any form. It should be noted that those of ordinary skill in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the utility model. These all belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

[0040] The utility model discloses a modular waveguide transmission line structure. By splitting the waveguide transmission line 1 into several independent modules, the transmission performance of the modules is optimized separately, such as S11, S21, impedance, etc. Then, different modules are reasonably docked and assembled in a way similar to building blocks to form a complete transmission line. In this way, the transmission performance of the overall transmission line is stable, and only the relative indexes between different transmission lines need to be concerned about, such as trajectory, length difference, phase difference, etc. And based on the module design, the adjustment of such relative indexes is also relatively simple, effectively improving the efficiency of design iteration.

[0041] Specifically, referring to Figure 1 as shown, the modular waveguide transmission line structure includes: a waveguide transmission line 1 and a waveguide slot antenna 2;

[0042] The waveguide transmission line 1 includes a plurality of waveguide transmission units with different transmission directions. The cross-sectional dimensions of the plurality of waveguide transmission units are the same along the transmission direction. The plurality of waveguide transmission units are sequentially connected to form all or part of the waveguide transmission line 1. The waveguide slot antenna 2 is connected to the end face of the waveguide transmission line 1. In a specific embodiment, the waveguide transmission line 1 is freely spliced and combined by a variety of waveguide transmission units with different transmission directions provided by the present invention, or on this basis, combined with other known waveguide transmission units.

[0043] The aspect ratio of the length to the width of the cross-section of the waveguide transmission unit along the transmission direction is 2:1 or an approximate ratio, where the long side is 2.2 - 2.7 mm and the short side is 0.8 - 1.4 mm.

[0044] Referring to Figure 2 as shown, the waveguide transmission unit includes a straight waveguide transmission unit 11, a right-angle elbow unit 12, an oblique-angle elbow unit 13, and an EH elbow unit 14.

[0045] The straight waveguide transmission unit 11 is a straight waveguide transmission line, and the length of the straight waveguide transmission unit 11 is adaptively adjusted as required.

[0046] The signal input direction and the signal output direction of the right-angle elbow unit 12 are in the same plane and form a 90° angle. A right-angle matching block 121 is provided on the outer inclined surface at the bending part of the right-angle elbow unit 12. The right-angle matching block 121 is 1.5 - 1.9 mm wide and has a slope of 45 degrees.

[0047] The signal input direction and the signal output direction of the oblique-angle elbow unit 13 are in the same plane and form a 45° angle. An oblique-angle matching block 131 is provided on the outer inclined surface at the bending part of the oblique-angle elbow unit 13. The oblique-angle matching block 131 has the same length and width, which is 0.5 - 1.1 mm.

[0048] The signal input direction of the EH elbow unit 14 is perpendicular to the plane where the signal output direction is located. The short side surface of the waveguide at the signal input end is aligned with the end surface of the waveguide at the output end, and the long side surface of the waveguide at the signal input end is aligned with a short side surface of the waveguide at the output end. The signal input direction and the signal output direction of the EH elbow unit 14 are arranged in a spatially perpendicular and staggered manner. An EH matching block 141 is provided at the common vertex of the signal input end and the signal output end, and the signal includes a conversion from the E-plane to the H-plane during the transmission process. The EH matching block 141 has a length of 0.8 - 1.2 mm, a width of 0.8 - 1.2 mm, and a height of 0.2 - 0.5 mm. (The length is in the direction of the long side of the output waveguide, the width is in the transmission direction of the output waveguide, and the height is in the transmission direction of the input waveguide).

[0049] The above-mentioned right-angle matching block 121, bevel-angle matching block 131, and EH matching block 141 are in a convex shape that protrudes into the inner cavity of the transmission line. They are arranged at the twisting position of the signal transmission direction and play the role of adjusting the transmission impedance, optimizing the standing wave and insertion loss. Their shape and size are usually various combinations of the height, width, and length of the matching block protruding into the transmission line. To facilitate determining the optimal size combination through simulation iteration, the present invention adopts a planar polyhedron structure. The right-angle matching block 121 and the bevel-angle matching block 131 are triangular prisms, and the EH matching block 141 is a cuboid.

[0050] By combining waveguide transmission units, a transmission line with a preset length or shape can be obtained, including but not limited to:

[0051] Refer to Figure 3 As shown, the U-shaped bend transmission unit: The signal input direction and the signal output direction of the U-shaped bend transmission unit are parallel and opposite. The U-shaped bend transmission unit includes two groups of right-angle elbow units 12. The signal input direction and the signal output direction of the right-angle elbow unit 12 are in the same plane and form a 90° angle. The two groups of right-angle elbow units 12 are connected to form the U-shaped bend transmission unit.

[0052] Refer to Figure 4 As shown, the S-shaped bend transmission unit: The signal input direction and the signal output direction of the S-shaped bend transmission unit are parallel and in the same direction. The S-shaped bend transmission unit includes four bevel-angle elbow units 13. The signal input direction and the signal output direction of the bevel-angle elbow unit 13 are in the same plane and form a 45° angle. The four are connected to form the S-shaped bend transmission unit.

[0053] And a more complex single-channel waveguide transmission line 1, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown.

[0054] The transmission performance of the above modules is obtained through software calculation and analysis. By debugging the size of the matching block, excellent transmission performance is obtained, meeting: S11 ≤ -20 dB, S21 ≥ -0.5 dB, and the impedance is 50 ohms ± 2%;

[0055] The present utility model also discloses a waveguide antenna, which adopts the above-mentioned modular waveguide transmission line structure.

[0056] The present utility model also discloses a vehicle, which adopts the above-mentioned waveguide antenna.

[0057] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0058] The specific embodiments of the present utility model have been described above. It should be understood that the present utility model is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present utility model. Without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

Claims

1. A modular waveguide transmission line structure, characterized in that: include: A waveguide transmission line (1) and a waveguide slot antenna (2); The waveguide transmission line (1) comprises a plurality of waveguide transmission units with different transmission directions, the cross-sectional dimensions of the plurality of waveguide transmission units along the transmission direction being the same, and the waveguide slot antenna (2) is connected to the end face of the waveguide transmission line (1).

2. The modular waveguide transmission line structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the waveguide transmission units are connected end to end to form the whole or part of the waveguide transmission line (1).

3. The modular waveguide transmission line structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waveguide transmission line (1) comprises any one or more of the following waveguide transmission units: A straight waveguide transmission unit (11); Right angle elbow unit (12); Angle elbow unit (13); EH elbow unit (14).

4. The modular waveguide transmission line structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The length of the straight waveguide transmission unit (11) is adaptively adjusted as needed.

5. The modular waveguide transmission line structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The signal input direction and the signal output direction of the right-angle elbow unit (12) are on the same plane and form a 90° angle, and a right-angle matching block (121) is provided on the outer inclined surface of the bending part of the right-angle elbow unit (12).

6. The modular waveguide transmission line structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The signal input direction and the signal output direction of the angled elbow unit (13) are on the same plane and form an angle of 45°, and an angled matching block (131) is provided on the outer inclined surface of the bend of the angled elbow unit (13).

7. The modular waveguide transmission line structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The signal input direction of the EH elbow unit (14) is perpendicular to the plane where the signal output direction is located, the short side surface of the waveguide at the signal input end is aligned with the end surface of the waveguide at the output end, and the long side surface of the waveguide at the signal input end is aligned with a short side surface of the waveguide at the output end; the signal input direction and the signal output direction of the EH elbow unit (14) are arranged vertically and staggered in space, and an EH matching block (141) is arranged at the common vertex of the signal input end and the signal output end.

8. The modular waveguide transmission line structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The waveguide transmission unit comprises a U-shaped bend transmission unit, the signal input direction of the U-shaped bend transmission unit is parallel and opposite to the signal output direction, the U-shaped bend transmission unit comprises two groups of right-angle elbow units (12), the signal input direction and the signal output direction of the right-angle elbow unit (12) are on the same plane and form an angle of 90°, and the two groups of right-angle elbow units (12) are connected to form the U-shaped bend transmission unit; The waveguide transmission unit comprises an S-shaped bend transmission unit, the signal input direction of the S-shaped bend transmission unit is parallel and in the same direction as the signal output direction, the S-shaped bend transmission unit comprises four angled elbow units (13), the signal input direction and the signal output direction of the angled elbow units (13) are on the same plane and form an angle of 45°, and the four are connected to form the S-shaped bend transmission unit.

9. A waveguide antenna, characterized in that: A modular waveguide transmission line structure comprising any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An automobile, characterized in that: Includes the waveguide antenna as claimed in claim 9.

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