Fruit tree stock cutting propagation shed
By designing a fruit tree rootstock cutting propagation shed including a hydrophobic layer, a breathable matrix layer and a heating device, the problem of low rooting and germination rate in the prior art is solved, and a higher survival rate and lower cost are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422202631.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-09
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the rooting and germination rate of fruit tree rootstock cutting propagation is low and is easily affected by soil factors, resulting in rot and root rot.
A fruit tree rootstock cutting propagation shed was designed, including cutting grooves, hydrophobic layer, breathable matrix layer, heating device and thermal permeability layer. Through the combination of hydrophobic layer and breathable matrix layer, the water filtering and temperature uniform heating are achieved in a timely manner, creating the most suitable growth environment.
It improves the rooting and germination rate of the cutting branches of fruit tree rootstock, prevents root rot, enhances the survival rate of plants, and reduces the cultivation cost.
Smart Images
Figure CN223007978U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of fruit tree seedling cultivation, and more specifically relates to a fruit tree rootstock cutting propagation shed. Background Art
[0002] Cutting propagation is one of the ways of plant propagation. It is to cut off a section of the nutrient organ on the plant, insert it into loose and moist soil or fine sand, and use its regeneration ability to make it take root and branch out to become a new plant. Cutting propagation can quickly propagate plants with the same characteristics as the mother plant in a short time. It is widely used in crops such as fruit trees, vegetables, and Chinese medicinal materials, and has a broad application market. However, the survival rate has always been a restrictive factor that plagues the large-scale application of cutting technology in plants. Cutting technology is to insert branches into the soil to let the branches grow roots and buds. It is easily affected by soil factors, such as soil-borne diseases. The poor water permeability and air permeability of the soil cause the growth of microorganisms, resulting in rotten seedlings and roots, which seriously affects the survival rate of plant cuttings. Especially for some vine-type plants with thin stems, cuttings are easy to rot and difficult to root.
[0003] At present, most of the cutting propagation of fruit tree rootstocks is carried out in greenhouses. At the same time, in order to overcome the influence of the above-mentioned soil on the cutting propagation effect, the soil is generally disinfected or a breathable matrix is used as the cultivation substrate. However, in actual applications, the rooting and germination rate of cuttings has not been significantly improved, because the cultivation substrate needs to maintain a suitable humidity at all times when greenhouse cultivation is adopted, which requires frequent watering, but excess water cannot be allowed to remain in the cultivation substrate, otherwise it will cause the roots of the cuttings to rot, and the natural soil or a simple breathable matrix has poor water filtration properties and cannot effectively filter water in time. The water accumulates at the roots of the cuttings, which will cause root rot over time. This is one of the reasons why even if the culture medium is improved, the rooting and germination rate is not significantly improved. Secondly, another reason affecting the rooting and germination of the cuttings is that the temperature of the culture base is too low. According to scientific research, every 1 degree increase in ground temperature can effectively promote crop growth, which is equivalent to a 2-3 degree increase in air temperature. This is why we advocate mulch planting when the temperature is lower in early spring in agricultural production. Therefore, relying solely on sunlight to provide temperature for the culture base is obviously not effective in promoting the rooting of cuttings. Utility Model Content
[0004] The utility model aims to provide a fruit tree rootstock cutting propagation shed, aiming to solve the problem of low rooting and germination rate of cutting branches in the prior art.
[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:
[0006] A fruit tree rootstock cutting propagation shed, characterized in that it includes a cutting groove, the cutting groove is in a surrounding shape and is fixedly arranged on the ground, a hydrophobic layer is arranged at the bottom of the cutting groove, a breathable matrix layer is arranged above the hydrophobic layer, a heating device is arranged in the breathable matrix layer, and a heat preservation and water permeable layer is laid between the hydrophobic layer and the breathable matrix layer, and a temperature sensor is also arranged in the breathable matrix layer.
[0007] Further, the hydrophobic layer is cobblestones, the breathable matrix layer is perlite, and the heat preservation and water permeable layer is non-woven fabric.
[0008] Further, the heating device is a ground heating wire evenly laid in the breathable matrix layer, and the ground heating wire is arranged in an "S" shape to cover the entire internal area of the cutting groove.
[0009] Further, a vertical frame is fixedly installed on the cutting groove, and a transparent film is covered on the top and the outer sides around the vertical frame, and the transparent film completely covers the internal area of the vertical frame to form a heat preservation space.
[0010] Further, a film rolling device is also arranged on the cutting groove.
[0011] Further, the film rolling device includes a vertical rod fixedly fixed on the cutting groove, the vertical rod is located on the side of the coverage area of the transparent film, a film roller is rotatably installed on the vertical rod, the rotating shaft of the film roller is fixedly connected to a horizontally arranged film rolling rod, the length of the film rolling rod is greater than the width of the coverage area of the transparent film, and the lower end of the transparent film is wound around the film rolling rod.
[0012] Further, the vertical rod is flush with the vertical frame plane of the vertical frame.
[0013] Further, a mist spraying device is also arranged inside the vertical frame.
[0014] Further, the mist spraying device includes a water pump installed outside the cutting groove, a water supply pipe arranged along the length direction of the cutting groove, and mist spraying nozzles arranged on the water supply pipe. The water inlet of the water pump is communicated with an external water source, and the water outlet of the water pump is communicated with the water supply pipe through a water delivery hose; the water supply pipe is hoisted on the vertical frame through a connecting rod, and a plurality of water outlet holes are evenly arranged on the lower side of the water supply pipe, and the mist spraying nozzles are installed at the water outlet holes.
[0015] Further, it also includes a humidity sensor, and the humidity sensor is installed on the vertical frame and is located inside the heat preservation space.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are:
[0017] 1. The utility model directly encloses the cutting groove above the ground, and a hydrophobic layer and a breathable substrate layer are sequentially laid from bottom to top inside the cutting groove. The cutting branches of fruit tree rootstocks are directly cut into the upper breathable substrate layer. After watering, except for the water absorbed by the breathable substrate layer and the cutting branches themselves, the excess water flows to the lower part of the breathable substrate layer. Since the hydrophobic layer has good hydrophobic performance, the excess water will seep through the hydrophobic layer and penetrate into the soil, realizing timely water filtration, preventing the roots of the cutting branches from rotting due to long-term soaking in water, and improving the rooting and germination rate of the cutting branches. Secondly, a heating device is arranged in the breathable substrate layer of the utility model, which can generate heat in the breathable substrate layer to provide additional temperature for the roots of the cutting branches to improve their rooting rate. The heat-insulating and water-permeable layer between the hydrophobic layer and the breathable substrate layer is used to prevent the heat generated by the heating device from escaping without affecting the downward seepage of water. The temperature sensor in the breathable substrate layer is used to monitor the temperature change of the breathable substrate layer in real time, so as to accurately control the heating device to raise the temperature. The utility model can keep the roots of the cutting branches in the most suitable growth environment and temperature all the time, and can greatly improve their rooting and germination rate.
[0018] 2. The hydrophobic layer in the utility model is cobblestones. When laying the cobblestones, gaps will be generated, and the excess water can easily flow through these gaps to the ground below and penetrate into the soil, having good hydrophobicity; the breathable substrate layer is perlite, and there are many honeycomb-shaped small holes on the perlite, which can absorb water and nutrients to prevent the water from flowing away too fast, and can also promote the growth and development of the roots of the cutting branches; the heat-insulating and water-permeable layer is non-woven fabric. The non-woven fabric can not only play a role in separating the cobblestone layer and the perlite layer, so that the perlite with smaller particle size will not fall into the cobblestone layer to block the water filtration channel in the cobblestone layer, thereby ensuring the water filtration performance of the cobblestone layer, but also play a good heat-insulating role, reducing the temperature loss of the perlite layer and reducing the cultivation cost. The fiber structure of the non-woven fabric itself does not affect the downward leakage of water.
[0019] 3. The heating device in the utility model is a ground heating wire evenly laid in the breathable substrate layer. The ground heating wire is externally connected to a power supply, which can provide stable heat for the breathable substrate layer with low cost and high cost performance. And the ground heating wire is arranged in an "S" shape to cover the entire internal area of the cutting groove, which can not only ensure that the heat is dissipated to cover the entire breathable substrate layer, but also make the heat dissipation uniform, ensuring that the growth cycles of all cutting branches in the cutting groove are the same.
[0020] 4. The utility model is also fixedly installed with a vertical frame on the cutting groove, and a transparent film is covered on the top and the outer sides around the vertical frame. The transparent film completely covers the inner area of the vertical frame to form a heat preservation space. In the heat preservation space, the loss of temperature and humidity can be effectively reduced, and the temperature and humidity in the heat preservation space can be ensured when the external temperature is relatively low, which is more conducive to the rooting and germination of the cuttings.
[0021] 5. The utility model is also provided with a film rolling device on the cutting groove. When the external temperature is relatively high, the transparent film can be rolled up through the film rolling device to prevent the temperature in the heat preservation space from being too high and affecting the growth of the cuttings.
[0022] 6. The vertical rod in the utility model is flush with the vertical frame plane of the vertical frame, so that the transparent film wound on the film rolling rod can completely fit the vertical frame plane of the vertical frame, thereby ensuring that there is no gap between the transparent film and the vertical frame plane when the transparent film is not rolled up, and preventing the loss of temperature and humidity in the heat preservation space.
[0023] 7. The utility model is also provided with a mist spraying device inside the vertical frame. The mist spraying device can not only supplement water to the cultivation substrate, but also adjust the humidity in the heat preservation space by spraying water mist to improve the growth environment of the cuttings.
[0024] 8. The utility model is also provided with a humidity sensor on the vertical frame. It is installed on the vertical frame and located inside the heat preservation space, and is mainly used to monitor the humidity change in the heat preservation space in real time, so as to accurately control the operation of the mist spraying device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0025] The drawings are used to provide further understanding of the utility model, and constitute a part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the utility model to explain the utility model, and do not constitute a limitation to the utility model. In the drawings:
[0026] Figure 1 is the front structural schematic diagram of the utility model;
[0027] Figure 2 is the side structural schematic diagram of the utility model;
[0028] Among them, 1 - cutting groove, 2 - hydrophobic layer, 3 - breathable substrate layer, 4 - heating device, 5 - heat preservation and water permeable layer, 6 - temperature sensor, 7 - vertical frame, 8 - transparent film, 9 - film rolling device, 91 - vertical rod, 92 - film roller, 93 - film rolling rod, 10 - mist spraying device, 101 - water pump, 102 - water supply pipe, 103 - mist spraying nozzle, 104 - water conveying hose, 105 - connecting rod, 11 - humidity sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0029] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0030] Embodiment 1
[0031] As Figure 1 shown, a cutting propagation shed for fruit tree rootstocks includes a cutting groove 1. The cutting groove 1 is in a surrounding shape and is fixedly arranged on the ground. A hydrophobic layer 2 is provided at the bottom of the cutting groove 1. An air-permeable matrix layer 3 is provided above the hydrophobic layer 2. A heating device 4 is arranged in the air-permeable matrix layer 3. A heat-insulating and water-permeable layer 5 is laid between the hydrophobic layer 2 and the air-permeable matrix layer 3. A temperature sensor 6 is also arranged in the air-permeable matrix layer 3. In this embodiment, the hydrophobic layer 2 is made of cobblestones. When laying the cobblestones, gaps will be generated, and excess water can easily flow through these gaps to the ground below and penetrate into the soil, having good hydrophobicity; the air-permeable matrix layer 3 is made of perlite. There are many honeycomb-shaped small holes on the perlite, which can absorb water and nutrients to prevent the rapid loss of water, and can also promote the growth and development of the roots of the cuttings; the heat-insulating and water-permeable layer 5 is made of non-woven fabric. The non-woven fabric can not only play a role in separating the cobblestone layer and the perlite layer, so that the perlite with a smaller particle size will not fall into the cobblestone layer to block the water filtration channels in the cobblestone layer, thereby ensuring the water filtration performance of the cobblestone layer, but also the non-woven fabric can play a good heat-insulating role, reducing the heat dissipation of the perlite layer and reducing the cultivation cost. The fiber structure of the non-woven fabric itself does not affect the downward leakage of water; the heating device 4 is a ground heating wire evenly laid in the air-permeable matrix layer 3. The ground heating wire is externally connected to a power supply, which can provide stable heat for the air-permeable matrix layer 3 with low cost and has strong cost performance. The ground heating wire is arranged in an "S" shape to cover the entire internal area of the cutting groove 1, which can not only ensure that the heat is dissipated to cover the entire air-permeable matrix layer 3, but also make the heat dissipation uniform, ensuring that the growth cycles of all cuttings in the cutting groove 1 are the same; a plurality of temperature sensors 6 are provided, and they are evenly distributed and installed on the inner wall of the cutting groove 1.
[0032] In this embodiment, the cutting groove 1 is directly surrounded above the ground, and a cobblestone layer and a perlite layer are sequentially laid from bottom to top inside the cutting groove 1. The cutting branches of the fruit tree rootstocks are directly cut into the upper perlite layer. After watering, except for the water absorbed by the perlite layer and the cutting branches themselves, the excess water flows to the lower part of the perlite layer. Since the cobblestone layer has good hydrophobic properties, the excess water will seep through the cobblestone layer and penetrate into the soil, realizing timely water filtration, preventing the roots of the cutting branches from rotting due to long-term soaking in water, and improving the rooting and germination rate of the cutting branches. Secondly, the ground heating wire in this embodiment can generate heat in the perlite, providing additional temperature for the roots of the cutting branches to improve their rooting rate. The non-woven fabric between the cobblestone layer and the perlite layer is used to prevent the heat generated by the heating device from escaping without affecting the water infiltration. The temperature sensor in the perlite layer is used to monitor the temperature change of the perlite layer in real time, so as to accurately control the ground heating wire to increase the temperature. This embodiment can keep the roots of the cutting branches always in the most suitable growth environment and temperature, and can greatly improve their rooting and germination rate.
[0033] Embodiment 2
[0034] The main difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that: in this embodiment, a vertical frame 7 is also fixedly installed on the cutting groove 1, and a transparent film 8 is covered on the top and the outer sides around the vertical frame 7. The transparent film 8 completely covers the inner area of the vertical frame 7 to form a heat preservation space. Inside the heat preservation space, the loss of temperature and humidity can be effectively reduced, and the temperature and humidity inside the heat preservation space can be guaranteed when the outside temperature is relatively low, which is more conducive to the rooting and germination of the cutting branches.
[0035] Embodiment 3
[0036] The main difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that: in this embodiment, a film rolling device 9 is also provided on the cutting groove 1. The film rolling device 9 includes a vertical rod 91 vertically fixed on the cutting groove 1. The vertical rod 91 is located on the side of the coverage area of the transparent film 8. A film winder 92 is rotatably installed on the vertical rod 91. The rotating shaft of the film winder 92 is fixedly connected to a horizontally arranged film rolling rod 93. The length of the film rolling rod 93 is greater than the width of the coverage area of the transparent film 8. The lower end of the transparent film 8 is wound around the film rolling rod 93. When the outside temperature is relatively high, the transparent film 8 can be rolled up through the film rolling device 9 to avoid the temperature in the heat preservation space being too high and affecting the growth of the cutting branches.
[0037] It should be noted that the film winder 92 in this embodiment is a relatively mature product on the market, and the film rolling rod 93 is rotated by a hand-cranked method, and at the same time, the film winder 92 also rolls upward along the vertical rod 91, so as to roll up the transparent film 8 wound around the film rolling rod 93 upward.
[0038] Embodiment 4
[0039] The main difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 is that the vertical rod 91 in this embodiment is flush with the vertical frame plane of the vertical frame 7, so that the transparent film 8 wound around the film winding rod 93 can completely fit the vertical frame plane of the vertical frame 7, thereby ensuring that there is no gap between the transparent film 8 and the vertical frame plane when the transparent film 8 is not rolled up, and preventing the loss of temperature and humidity in the heat preservation space.
[0040] Embodiment 5
[0041] The main difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is that a mist spraying device 10 is further provided inside the vertical frame 7 in this embodiment. The mist spraying device 10 includes a water pump 101 installed outside the cutting groove 1, a water supply pipe 102 arranged along the length direction of the cutting groove 1, and mist spraying nozzles 103 arranged on the water supply pipe 102. The water inlet of the water pump 101 is communicated with an external water source, and the water outlet of the water pump 101 is communicated with the water supply pipe 102 through a water conveying hose 104; the water supply pipe 102 is hoisted on the vertical frame 7 through a connecting rod 105, and a plurality of water outlet holes are uniformly arranged on the lower side of the water supply pipe 102, and the mist spraying nozzles 103 are installed at the water outlet holes; the mist spraying device 10 can not only supplement water to the cultivation substrate, but also adjust the humidity in the heat preservation space by spraying water mist, and improve the growth environment of the cuttings.
[0042] Embodiment 6
[0043] The main difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 5 is that a humidity sensor 11 is further provided on the vertical frame 7 in this embodiment. It is installed on the vertical frame 7 and is located in the heat preservation space, and is mainly used to monitor the humidity change in the heat preservation space in real time, so as to accurately control the operation of the mist spraying device 10.
[0044] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A fruit tree rootstock cutting propagation shed, characterized in that: The invention comprises a piercing slot (1), wherein the piercing slot (1) is in the shape of an enclosure and is fixedly arranged on the ground, a hydrophobic layer (2) is arranged at the bottom of the piercing slot (1), a breathable matrix layer (3) is arranged above the hydrophobic layer (2), a heating device (4) is arranged in the breathable matrix layer (3), a heat-insulating and water-permeable layer (5) is laid between the hydrophobic layer (2) and the breathable matrix layer (3), and a temperature sensor (6) is also arranged in the breathable matrix layer (3).
2. The fruit tree rootstock cutting propagation shed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrophobic layer (2) is made of pebbles, the air-permeable matrix layer (3) is made of perlite, and the heat-insulating and water-permeable layer (5) is made of non-woven fabric.
3. The fruit tree rootstock cutting propagation shed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature increasing device (4) is a geothermal wire evenly laid in the breathable matrix layer (3), and the geothermal wire is arranged in an "S" shape and laid in the entire internal area of the insertion slot (1).
4. The fruit tree rootstock cutting propagation shed according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stand (7) is fixedly mounted on the insertion slot (1), and a transparent film (8) is provided on the top and the outer sides of the stand (7), and the transparent film (8) completely covers the inner area of the stand (7) to form a heat preservation space.
5. The fruit tree rootstock cutting propagation shed according to claim 4, characterized in that: A film rolling device (9) is also provided on the insertion slot (1).
6. The fruit tree rootstock cutting propagation shed according to claim 5, characterized in that: The film rolling device (9) comprises a vertical rod (91) fixed vertically on the insertion slot (1), the vertical rod (91) is located on the side of the covering surface of the transparent film (8), a film rolling device (92) is rotatably mounted on the vertical rod (91), the rotating shaft of the film rolling device (92) is fixedly connected to a horizontally arranged film rolling rod (93), the length of the film rolling rod (93) is greater than the width of the covering surface of the transparent film (8), and the lower end of the transparent film (8) is wound around the film rolling rod (93).
7. The fruit tree rootstock cutting propagation shed according to claim 6, characterized in that: The vertical rod (91) is flush with the vertical frame plane of the vertical frame (7).
8. The fruit tree rootstock cutting propagation shed according to claim 4, characterized in that: A misting device (10) is also arranged inside the stand (7).
9. The fruit tree rootstock cutting propagation shed according to claim 8, characterized in that: The misting device (10) comprises a water pump (101) installed outside the insertion slot (1), a water supply pipe (102) arranged along the length direction of the insertion slot (1), and a misting nozzle (103) arranged on the water supply pipe (102); the water inlet of the water pump (101) is connected to an external water source, and the water outlet of the water pump (101) is connected to the water supply pipe (102) through a water hose (104); the water supply pipe (102) is suspended on the stand (7) through a connecting rod (105); a plurality of water outlet holes are evenly arranged on the lower side of the water supply pipe (102), and the misting nozzle (103) is installed at the water outlet holes.
10. The fruit tree rootstock cutting propagation shed according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a humidity sensor (11), which is installed on the stand (7) and located in the heat preservation space.