Automatic feeding and discharging device of lathe

Abstract

The automatic feeding and discharging device of the lathe comprises a feeding assembly arranged on the lathe and a discharging assembly arranged on the lathe and used for discharging a main shaft, and the feeding assembly comprises a vibration disc used for sorting workpieces, a clamping jaw used for clamping the workpieces and a horizontal driving part used for driving the clamping jaw to move horizontally. The clamping jaw is arranged at the free end of the horizontal driving piece, a feeding rail is arranged at a discharging port of the vibration disc, the end, away from the vibration disc, of the feeding rail is adjacent to the clamping jaw, and the axis of a workpiece clamped by the clamping jaw can coincide with the machining axis of the auxiliary shaft. Workpieces are sorted and conveyed to the clamping jaw through the vibration disc, the clamping jaw clamps the workpieces and moves the workpieces to the auxiliary shaft, manual feeding is not needed any more, danger is reduced, meanwhile, the whole feeding and discharging process is completed mechanically, the overall automation level is improved, the machining efficiency is improved, and the labor cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of sliding headstock lathes, and particularly to an automatic loading and unloading device for a lathe. Background Art

[0002] A sliding headstock lathe usually has a main spindle and a sub-spindle. After loading a workpiece onto the sub-spindle for the first-step machining, the workpiece is transferred to the main spindle by the sub-spindle for the second-step machining, and then the workpiece is unloaded from the main spindle after the machining is completed, thus completing the machining of the workpiece.

[0003] The current loading method usually involves manually transferring the blank to the sub-spindle, and then manually removing the machined workpiece from the main spindle for unloading. However, during the machining of the main spindle, there is no workpiece on the sub-spindle. If manual loading is performed on the sub-spindle during the machining of the main spindle, it is prone to danger.

[0004] Therefore, a new technical solution is needed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to make the loading and unloading of workpieces safer and more convenient, this application provides an automatic loading and unloading device for a lathe.

[0006] An automatic loading and unloading device for a lathe provided by this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] An automatic loading and unloading device for a lathe includes a loading component arranged on the lathe and an unloading component arranged on the lathe for unloading the main spindle. The loading component includes a vibrating bowl for sorting workpieces, a jaw for clamping the workpiece, and a horizontal driving member for driving the jaw to move horizontally. The jaw is arranged at the free end of the horizontal driving member. An upper loading track is arranged at the discharge port of the vibrating bowl, and the end of the upper loading track far from the vibrating bowl is adjacent to the jaw. The axis of the workpiece clamped by the jaw can coincide with the machining axis of the sub-spindle.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solutions, the vibrating bowl is used to sort and convey the workpieces to the jaw, and the jaw clamps and moves the workpiece to the sub-spindle, thus eliminating the need for manual loading, reducing the occurrence of danger. At the same time, the entire process of loading and unloading depends on machinery, thereby improving the overall automation level, enhancing the machining efficiency, and reducing the labor cost.

[0009] Optionally, a sorting assembly is further provided at the end of the feeding track away from the vibrating bowl. The sorting assembly includes a sorting block and a sorting driving member for pushing the workpiece to move. The upper end of the sorting block is flush with the inner cavity bottom surface of the feeding track away from the vibrating bowl. The sorting driving member is arranged on the sorting block and pushes the workpiece to move into the gripper. A stopper for preventing the workpiece from falling is further arranged on the sorting block. The stopper is open at one end away from the end of the feeding track away from the vibrating bowl. The free end of the sorting driving member is arranged between the stopper and the feeding track.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the sorting assembly is used to push the workpieces individually onto the gripper to be clamped by the gripper, so that the process of the gripper clamping the workpiece is more convenient.

[0011] Optionally, a limiting block is arranged at one end of the sorting block away from the sorting driving member. The gripper is arranged between the limiting block and the sorting driving member. A gap for passing the gripper is left between the limiting block and the stopper.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when the sorting driving member pushes the workpiece onto the gripper by using the limiting block, the position where the workpiece stops each time is kept consistent, so that the position of the subsequent workpiece clamped by the sub-spindle remains constant.

[0013] Optionally, the blanking assembly includes a blanking track arranged on the gantry tool rest and a conveyor for conveying the workpiece. One end of the blanking track is close to the main spindle, and the other end of the blanking track is located above the conveyor.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, after the main spindle finishes processing the workpiece, the blanking track conveys the workpiece onto the conveyor for blanking.

[0015] Optionally, a protective shell is fixed on the side wall of the conveyor close to the main spindle. The protective shell covers the space above the conveyor. The upper end of the protective shell is provided with a blanking opening, and the lower end of the blanking track is arranged in the blanking opening.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the upper end space of the conveyor is enclosed by the protective shell, so that the workpiece is not easily dropped directly from the conveyor, and the conveyor keeps stable in conveying the workpiece.

[0017] Optionally, the blanking track includes a first guide rail fixed on the gantry tool rest and a second guide rail fixed on the protective shell. The lower end of the second guide rail is arranged at the upper end of the conveyor, and the lower end of the first guide rail can move into the upper end opening of the second guide rail.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, during the movement of the gantry tool rest, only the first guide rail is driven to move, while the second guide rail remains in a fixed state. When blanking, only the first guide rail needs to be moved onto the second guide rail to make the workpiece fall into the conveyor.

[0019] Optionally, a closing assembly with a closed opening is provided at the lower end opening of the first guide rail. The closing assembly includes a cover plate rotatably connected to the lower end opening of the first guide rail and an elastic member for driving the cover plate to close the lower end opening of the first guide rail. The rotation axis of the cover plate is horizontally arranged and located above the lower end opening of the first guide rail. An opening member for opening the cover plate is provided above the second guide rail.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, before the first guide rail moves onto the second guide rail, the lower end opening of the first guide rail remains closed, preventing the workpiece from falling.

[0021] Optionally, the second guide rail is inclined and the side wall at the upper part is open. The opening member is provided above the upper end opening of the second guide rail. The lower end of the cover plate extends below the first guide rail, and the lower end of the side wall of the cover plate close to the first guide rail can abut against the side wall of the opening member away from the first guide rail.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, when the first guide rail moves onto the second guide rail, the opening member opens the cover plate, allowing the workpiece to fall into the second guide rail.

[0023] Optionally, the upper part above the lower end opening of the first guide rail inclines towards the upper end of the first guide rail, and the cover plate is arranged to fit the lower end opening of the first guide rail.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the cover plate can be opened during the downward movement of the first guide rail, making the blanking process more convenient.

[0025] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0026] 1. The feeding assembly is used to sort and transfer the workpieces to the sub-axis, and the sub-axis can also be fed during the machining process of the main axis, making the feeding process safer and more convenient;

[0027] 2. The blanking assembly is used to automatically blank the workpieces on the main axis, making the blanking process of the workpieces more convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the feeding assembly of an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the sorting block of an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram for showing the structure of the blanking component in the embodiments of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 is Figure 4 an enlarged view of part A.

[0033] In the figure, 1 is the loading component; 11 is the vibrating bowl; 12 is the gripper; 13 is the horizontal driving member; 14 is the loading track; 15 is the mounting plate; 2 is the sorting component; 21 is the sorting block; 22 is the sorting driving member; 23 is the stopper; 24 is the limiting block; 3 is the blanking component; 31 is the conveyor; 32 is the blanking track; 321 is the first guide rail; 322 is the second guide rail; 33 is the protective shell; 331 is the blanking port; 34 is the opening member; 4 is the closing component; 41 is the cover plate; 42 is the elastic member. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] The following further elaborates on the present application in conjunction with the attached drawings.

[0035] An automatic loading and unloading device for a lathe disclosed in the present application, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, includes a loading component 1 disposed on the lathe for transferring the workpiece to the sub-spindle and a blanking component 3 disposed on the lathe for blanking the workpiece on the main spindle. The loading component 1 includes a vibrating bowl 11 for sorting the workpieces, a gripper 12 for gripping the workpieces, and a horizontal driving member 13 for driving the gripper 12 to move horizontally. A loading track 14 is provided at the discharge port of the vibrating bowl 11. The loading track 14 is inclined downward as a whole, and the end of the loading track 14 away from the vibrating bowl 11 is horizontally arranged. In this embodiment, the horizontal driving member 13 is selected as a three-axis cylinder. The horizontal driving member 13 is fixed to the lathe with bolts, and the horizontal driving member 13 is horizontally arranged and its conveying axis is perpendicular to the axis of the sub-spindle. In this embodiment, the gripper 12 is selected as a pneumatic gripper 12. A mounting plate 15 is fixed to the free end of the horizontal driving member 13 with bolts. The mounting plate 15 is L-shaped. One end of the mounting plate 15 is provided on the free end of the horizontal driving member 13, and the other end of the mounting plate 15 is located on the side of the horizontal driving member 13 and perpendicular to the machining axis of the sub-spindle. The gripper 12 is fixed to one end of the mounting plate 15 away from the free end of the horizontal driving member 13 with bolts, and the gripper 12 is vertically arranged. The gripping position of the gripper 12 is lower than that of the horizontal driving member 13.

[0036] As Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown in the figure, a sorting component 2 for separating adjacent workpieces is provided at the end of the loading track 14 away from the vibrating disk 11. The sorting component 2 includes a horizontally arranged sorting block 21 and a sorting driving member 22 for pushing the workpiece to move horizontally. The sorting block 21 is arranged at one end of the loading track 14 away from the vibrating disk 11, and the upper end surface of the sorting block 21 is flush with the bottom surface of the horizontal inner wall of the loading track 14. The workpiece moves from the loading track 14 to the sorting block 21. A stop block 23 for preventing the workpiece from directly falling is further provided at the upper end of the sorting block 21. The stop block 23 is arranged opposite to the opening of the loading track 14 away from the vibrating disk 11, and a gap for passing the workpiece is provided between the stop block 23 and the opening of the loading track 14. The sorting driving member 22 is a cylinder selected in this embodiment. The sorting driving member 22 is fixed below the horizontal driving member 13 by bolts. An extension rod is fixed on the free end of the sorting driving member 22. The extension rod is located at one end of the sorting block 21 away from the horizontal driving member 13, and the extension rod is located above the sorting block 21 and passes between the stop block 23 and the opening of the loading track 14. The sorting driving member 22 is used to push the workpiece towards the horizontal driving member 13. The gripper 12 moves above the sorting block 21, and the openings of the two clamping parts of the gripper 12 face the sorting driving member 22. The sorting driving member 22 pushes the workpiece between the clamping parts of the two grippers 12, and then the clamping parts of the gripper 12 clamp the workpiece and move it to the sub-shaft.

[0037] In order to prevent the workpiece from falling due to excessive pushing distance when the sorting driving member 22 pushes the workpiece towards the horizontal driving member 13, a limiting block 24 is provided at the upper end of the sorting block 21. The limiting block 24 is arranged on the side of the gripper 12 away from the sorting driving member 22, so that the limiting block 24 abuts against the end of the workpiece away from the sorting driving member 22, restricting the horizontal moving distance of the workpiece, so as to keep the clamping position of the workpiece certain during loading.

[0038] As Figure 4 shown in the figure, the unloading component 3 includes a conveyor 31 arranged on the lathe for horizontally transporting the workpiece, and an unloading track 32 arranged on the gantry tool rest. The unloading track 32 transports the workpiece from the main shaft to the conveyor 31. A protective shell 33 is fixed on the side wall of the conveyor 31 close to the main shaft by bolts. The protective shell 33 is arranged in an L shape. The horizontal end of the protective shell 33 is arranged above the conveyor 31 and covers the upper space of the conveyor 31, so that the workpiece will not fall off the conveyor 31 after falling on the conveyor 31. An unloading port 331 penetrating the protective shell 33 is provided at the upper end of the protective shell 33. One end of the unloading track 32 is inserted into the unloading port 331, so as to transport the workpiece to the conveyor 31.

[0039] Since the gantry tool rest moves continuously during operation, the blanking track 32 includes a first guide rail 321 fixed to the gantry tool rest using bolts and a second guide rail 322 fixed to the conveyor 31. One end of the second guide rail 322 is fixed to the conveyor 31 and the vertically arranged protective housing 33 using bolts, and the end of the second guide rail 322 away from the conveyor 31 slopes upward. The side wall of the second guide rail 322 at the upper part is open. The first guide rail 321 is horizontally arranged in an L shape. One opening of the first guide rail 321 faces the main shaft, and the other end of the first guide rail 321 slopes downward and can move into the second guide rail 322.

[0040] As Figure 5 shown, a closing assembly 4 is also provided at the end of the first guide rail 321 away from the main shaft to close its opening. The closing assembly 4 includes a cover plate 41 rotatably connected to the lower opening of the first guide rail 321 and an elastic member 42 for driving the cover plate 41 to close the opening of the first guide rail 321. The upper end of the cover plate 41 is rotatably connected to the first guide rail 321, and the rotation axis of the cover plate 41 is horizontally arranged. The lower end of the cover plate 41 extends downward to the lower end of the first guide rail 321. In this embodiment, the elastic member 42 is a tension spring. One end of the elastic member 42 is fixed to the side wall of the first guide rail 321, and the other end of the elastic member 42 is fixed to the side wall of the cover plate 41 away from the rotation axis.

[0041] An opening member 34 is also provided at the upper opening of the second guide rail 322, and the opening member 34 is arranged near the upper end of the second guide rail 322. The upper end of the end face of the first guide rail 321 away from the main shaft slopes towards the main shaft. After the first guide rail 321 moves towards the second guide rail 322, the cover plate 41 abuts against the opening member 34. Then, the first guide rail 321 continues to move downward, causing the cover plate 41 to open. The workpiece located in the first guide rail 321 moves into the second guide rail 322 under the action of gravity, enters the conveyor 31 through the guidance of the second guide rail 322, and is discharged through the conveyor 31.

[0042] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: The workpieces are placed in the vibrating bowl 11. The vibrating bowl 11 sorts the workpieces and conveys them to the sorting block 21 through the feeding track 14. The sorting driving member 22 pushes the workpieces onto the clamping jaws 12. The clamping jaws 12 hold the workpieces and move them to the sub-spindle. After the sub-spindle finishes processing, the workpieces are transferred to the main spindle. After the main spindle finishes processing, the main spindle pushes the workpieces into the first guide rail 321. The previous workpiece located in the first guide rail 321 is pushed to the inclined position of the first guide rail 321 and rolls to abut against the cover plate 41. Then, the guide rail moves above the second guide rail 322, causing the cover plate 41 to contact the opening member 34. Then, the first guide rail 321 descends, causing the cover plate 41 to open. The workpieces move into the second guide rail 322 and enter the conveyor 31, and the conveyor 31 conveys the workpieces out of the lathe.

[0043] The embodiments of this specific implementation manner are all preferred embodiments of this application, and do not limit the protection scope of this application accordingly. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of this application shall be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An automatic loading and unloading device for a lathe, characterized in that: The invention comprises a loading component (1) arranged on a lathe and a unloading component (3) arranged on the lathe for unloading a main shaft, wherein the loading component (1) comprises a vibration plate (11) for sorting workpieces, a clamping jaw (12) for clamping the workpieces and a horizontal driving member (13) for driving the clamping jaw (12) to move horizontally, wherein the clamping jaw (12) is arranged on the free end of the horizontal driving member (13), and a loading track (14) is arranged at the discharge port of the vibration plate (11), and the loading track (14) is arranged adjacent to the clamping jaw (12) at one end away from the vibration plate (11), and the axis of the workpiece clamped by the clamping jaw (12) can coincide with the machining axis of the secondary shaft.

2. The automatic loading and unloading device for a lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sorting component (2) is also provided at the end of the feeding track (14) away from the vibration disk (11), and the sorting component (2) includes a sorting block (21) and a sorting drive member (22) for pushing the workpiece to move. The upper end of the sorting block (21) is flush with the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the feeding track (14) away from the vibration disk (11). The sorting drive member (22) is arranged on the sorting block (21) and pushes the workpiece to move into the clamp (12). The sorting block (21) is also provided with a stopper (23) for preventing the workpiece from falling. The stopper (23) is arranged away from the opening of one end of the feeding track (14) away from the vibration disk (11), and the free end of the sorting drive member (22) is arranged between the stopper (23) and the feeding track (14).

3. The automatic loading and unloading device of a lathe according to claim 2, characterized in that: A limit block (24) is arranged at one end of the sorting block (21) away from the sorting driving member (22); the clamping jaw (12) is arranged between the limit block (24) and the sorting driving member (22); and a gap is left between the limit block (24) and the stopper (23) for the clamping jaw (12) to pass through.

4. The automatic loading and unloading device for a lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unloading assembly (3) comprises an unloading track (32) arranged on a door-shaped tool holder and a conveyor (31) for conveying workpieces, one end of the unloading track (32) being arranged close to the main shaft, and the other end of the unloading track (32) being located above the conveyor (31).

5. The automatic loading and unloading device for a lathe according to claim 4, characterized in that: A protective shell (33) is fixed on the side wall of the conveyor (31) close to the main shaft, and the protective shell (33) covers the space above the conveyor (31). The upper end of the protective shell (33) is opened to form a discharge port (331), and the lower end of the discharge track (32) is arranged in the discharge port (331).

6. The automatic loading and unloading device for a lathe according to claim 4, characterized in that: The unloading track (32) comprises a first guide rail (321) fixed on the door-shaped tool holder and a second guide rail (322) fixed on the protective shell (33); the lower end of the second guide rail (322) is arranged at the upper end of the conveyor (31); and the lower end of the first guide rail (321) can be moved into the upper end opening of the second guide rail (322).

7. The automatic loading and unloading device for a lathe according to claim 6, characterized in that: A closing component (4) for closing the opening is arranged at the lower end opening of the first guide rail (321), and the closing component (4) comprises a cover plate (41) rotatably connected to the lower end opening of the first guide rail (321) and an elastic member (42) for driving the cover plate (41) to close the lower end opening of the first guide rail (321); the rotation axis of the cover plate (41) is arranged horizontally and is located above the lower end opening of the first guide rail (321); and an opening member (34) for opening the cover plate (41) is arranged above the second guide rail (322).

8. The automatic loading and unloading device for a lathe according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second guide rail (322) is inclined and the side wall located at the top is open, the opening member (34) is arranged above the upper opening of the second guide rail (322), the lower end of the cover plate (41) extends to the bottom of the first guide rail (321), and the lower end of the side wall of the cover plate (41) close to the first guide rail (321) can abut against the side wall of the opening member (34) away from the first guide rail (321).

9. The automatic loading and unloading device for a lathe according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper portion of the lower end opening of the first guide rail (321) is inclined toward the upper end of the first guide rail (321), and the cover plate (41) is arranged in close contact with the lower end opening of the first guide rail (321).

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