Wastewater filtering device for removing turbidity and heavy metals in small water volume

Abstract

The utility model provides a wastewater filtering device for removing turbidity and heavy metals in small water volume, which relates to the field of wastewater filtering and comprises a base, a support A, an electric control cabinet and two filtering tanks, the support A and the two filtering tanks are all fixedly mounted with the base, the support A is fixedly mounted with the electric control cabinet, sand layers and filter materials are filled in the two filtering tanks, and the sand layers and the filter materials are filled in the filter tanks. Two-way pieces are fixedly mounted at the water inlet ends of the two filtering tanks; the wastewater filtering device for removing turbidity and heavy metals in the small water volume is provided. According to the small-water-amount turbidity and heavy metal removal wastewater filtering device, by arranging the dosing box A with an oxidizing agent and the dosing box B with a flocculating agent, heavy metal ions in water and hydroxyl free radicals in the water generate heavy metal hydroxyl precipitates under catalytic oxidation of a heavy metal filtering material, and the heavy metal hydroxyl precipitates are precipitated through the adsorption interception effect of the filtering material; and the heavy metal ions are finally discharged from the three-way drain pipe through backwashing, so that the purpose of removing the low-concentration heavy metal ions is achieved, a backwashing pump body does not need to be added, and the equipment investment and the energy consumption are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of wastewater filtration, in particular to a wastewater filtration device for removing turbidity and heavy metals from small amounts of water. Background Art

[0002] Wastewater filtration is an important method for treating wastewater. The main purpose is to remove impurities, suspended solids and some harmful substances in the wastewater, so as to purify the water quality and make it meet the discharge requirements or the standards for reuse. With the acceleration of the industrialization process, a large amount of industrial wastewater and urban domestic sewage containing heavy metals are discharged into the environment, causing serious pollution to the atmosphere, soil and water environment. Heavy metal wastewater mainly contains elements such as iron, manganese, arsenic, lead, nickel, mercury, chromium, cadmium, etc. Most of it comes from industries such as mines, electroplating, metallurgy, petrochemicals, etc. Heavy metal wastewater has the characteristics of strong toxicity, persistence, and non-degradability. These heavy metals in water can affect the growth of animals and plants through the food chain and ultimately threaten human health. Water body heavy metal pollution has become one of the main environmental problems today. Therefore, how to harmlessly treat heavy metal wastewater has become an urgent task at present. The existing technical methods are mainly physical and chemical methods, mainly using heavy metal capturers. A heavy metal capturer is a chemical reagent that strongly chelates with heavy metal ions. Because it can carry out chemical reactions with various heavy metal ions such as copper, chromium, mercury, lead, manganese, zinc, cadmium, etc. in the wastewater at normal temperature and within a very wide range of pH value conditions, and quickly generate flocculent precipitates that are insoluble, have low water content and are easy to filter and remove within a short time, so as to remove heavy metal ions from the sewage.

[0003] Existing filtration devices usually mainly rely on physical filtration methods, such as intercepting solid particles through the pores of filter media. However, for low-concentration heavy metal ions, due to their extremely small particles, it is difficult to effectively intercept them by physical filtration methods, and it is impossible to achieve the removal of heavy metals at low concentrations (ppb). Usually, the removal of heavy metals is based on physical and chemical methods (lime iron salts, sulfidation, etc.). The amount of hazardous waste residues generated from treating heavy metals is relatively large, and these hazardous waste residues need to be specially treated, otherwise it will cause serious pollution to the environment. Moreover, existing filtration devices require backwashing pumps, which increases equipment investment and energy consumption. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a wastewater filtration device for removing turbidity and heavy metals from small amounts of water, which not only achieves the purpose of removing low-concentration heavy metal ions, but also does not require adding a backwashing pump, reducing equipment investment and energy consumption.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the utility model is realized by the following technical solutions: A wastewater filtration device for removing turbidity and heavy metals with a small amount of water, comprising a base, a support A, an electric control cabinet and two filtration tanks. The support A and the two filtration tanks are fixedly installed on the base, and the support A is fixedly installed with the electric control cabinet. Sands and filter media are filled inside the two filtration tanks. Two-way connectors are fixedly installed at the water inlet ends of the two filtration tanks. The water inlet ends of the two two-way connectors are fixedly connected with central pipes. The bottom ends of the two central pipes are communicated with a lower water distributor. An upper water distributor is fixedly installed between the central pipe and the two-way connector. Both the upper water distributor and the lower water distributor are used for water circulation. The lower water distributor is located inside the sand layer.

[0006] A chemical dosing tank A for loading configured oxidant and a chemical dosing tank B for configuring flocculant are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base. Both the chemical dosing tank A and the chemical dosing tank B are communicated with a three-way pipe A for injecting sewage through a chemical delivery pipe. A three-way pipe B is communicated with the outer surface of the three-way pipe A. Electric three-way ball valves are installed at the two water outlet ends of the three-way pipe B. The electric three-way ball valve is used to control the opening and closing of any one of its ends. One ends of the two electric three-way ball valves are respectively communicated with the water inlet ends of the two two-way connectors through pipes. The other ends of the two electric three-way ball valves are communicated with a three-way drain pipe for backwashing drainage.

[0007] The drainage ends of the two two-way connectors are communicated with a three-way water pipe for drainage. A valve is installed at one end of the three-way water pipe. During filtration, the sewage sequentially passes through the three-way pipe A, the three-way pipe B, the two electric three-way ball valves, the two pipes, the water inlet ends of the two two-way connectors, the two central pipes, the two filtration tanks, the drainage ends of the two two-way connectors, and the three-way drain pipe. During backwashing, the water filtered by one of the filtration tanks enters the other filtration tank through the drainage end of the two-way connector and the three-way drain pipe, and the water flow sequentially passes through the corresponding central pipe, the water inlet end of the two-way connector, the pipe, the electric three-way ball valve and the three-way drain pipe.

[0008] Preferably, one end of the three-way drain pipe is communicated with an external pipeline.

[0009] Preferably, one end of the three-way water pipe is communicated with an external water tank through an external water pipe.

[0010] Preferably, pump bodies are installed at one ends of the two chemical delivery pipes.

[0011] Preferably, a support B is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base, and both the two electric three-way ball valves are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the support B.

[0012] Preferably, the thickness of the filter media should not be less than 700 mm, and the height of the space above the filter media is 35% to 45% of the thickness of the filter media.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. The wastewater filtration device for removing turbidity and heavy metals with a small water volume is equipped with a chemical dosing tank A configured with an oxidant and a chemical dosing tank B configured with a flocculant. The wastewater, oxidant, and flocculant are pressurized and lifted into the filter by an external pump to provide the pressure required for filtration. The heavy metal ions in the water react with the hydroxyl radicals in the water body under the catalytic oxidation of the heavy metal filter media to form heavy metal hydroxide precipitates, which are precipitated through the adsorption and interception of the filter media and finally discharged from the three-way drain pipe through backwashing. This not only achieves the purpose of removing low-concentration heavy metal ions but also does not require the addition of a backwashing pump, reducing equipment investment and energy consumption.

[0015] 2. The wastewater filtration device for removing turbidity and heavy metals with a small water volume is equipped with two electric three-way ball valves, either end of which can control the opening and closing to change the water flow direction to achieve different effects, thus realizing the purposes of filtration and backwashing. The thickness of the filter media should not be less than 700 mm, and the height of the space above the filter media is 35% to 45% of the filter media thickness, ensuring sufficient hydraulic retention time of the water in the filter media to achieve the expected treatment effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the front view of the filter tank of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present utility model in which the pump body transports the chemical agent into the three-way pipe A through the chemical delivery pipe;

[0019] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the three-way pipe A and the three-way pipe B of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure when the electric three-way ball valve, three-way drain pipe, and pipeline of the present utility model are connected.

[0021] Wherein: 1. Base; 2. Electric control cabinet; 3. Filter tank; 4. Sand layer; 5. Filter media; 6. Two-way component; 7. Central pipe; 8. Lower water distributor; 9. Upper water distributor; 10. Chemical dosing tank A; 11. Chemical dosing tank B; 12. Three-way pipe A; 13. Three-way pipe B; 14. Electric three-way ball valve; 15. Three-way drain pipe; 16. Three-way water pipe; 17. Valve; 18. Pump body; 19. Chemical delivery pipe; 20. Pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0022] As Figures 1 - 5As shown, a wastewater filtration device for removing turbidity and heavy metals with a small amount of water includes a base 1, a support A, an electric control cabinet 2, and two filtration tanks 3. The support A and the two filtration tanks 3 are both fixedly installed on the base 1, and the support A is fixedly installed with the electric control cabinet 2. A sand layer 4 and a filter medium 5 are filled inside the two filtration tanks 3. The thickness of the filter medium 5 should not be less than 700 mm, and the height of the space above the filter medium 5 is 35% to 45% of the thickness of the filter medium 5, ensuring that the water has sufficient hydraulic retention time in the filter medium 5 to achieve the expected treatment effect. Two two-way connectors 6 are fixedly installed at the water inlet ends of the two filtration tanks 3. The water inlet ends of the two two-way connectors 6 are both fixedly connected with a central pipe 7. The bottom ends of the two central pipes 7 are both communicated with a lower water distributor 8. An upper water distributor 9 is fixedly installed between the central pipe 7 and the two-way connector 6. Both the upper water distributor 9 and the lower water distributor 8 are used for water circulation. The lower water distributor 8 is used to prevent particulate matter in the sand layer 4 from entering the central pipe 7, and the upper water distributor 9 is used to prevent particulate matter in the filter medium 5 from entering the water outlet end of the two-way connector 6. The lower water distributor 8 is located inside the sand layer 4.

[0023] A chemical dosing tank A 10 for loading an oxidant and a chemical dosing tank B 11 for preparing a flocculant are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base 1. The oxidant is sodium hypochlorite, and the flocculant is polyaluminum chloride. Both the chemical dosing tank A 10 and the chemical dosing tank B 11 are communicated with a three-way pipe A 12 for injecting sewage through a medicine delivery pipe 19. Wastewater is injected into the three-way pipe A 12 by an external water pump. A three-way pipe B 13 is communicated with the outer surface of the three-way pipe A 12. Electric three-way ball valves 14 are installed at the two water outlet ends of the three-way pipe B 13. The electric three-way ball valves 14 are used to control the opening and closing of any one of their ends. A support B is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base 1. Both the two electric three-way ball valves 14 are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the support B. The support B is used to provide a supporting force for the electric three-way ball valves 14, thereby improving the stability. One end of each of the two electric three-way ball valves 14 is respectively communicated with the water inlet ends of the two two-way connectors 6 through a pipeline 20. The other ends of the two electric three-way ball valves 14 are communicated with a three-way drain pipe 15 for backwashing drainage. One end of the three-way drain pipe 15 is communicated with an external pipeline and discharges the water discharged during backwashing to an external collection tank for collecting the water after backwashing.

[0024] The drainage ends of two two-way components 6 are connected to a three-way water pipe 16 for drainage. One end of the three-way water pipe 16 is connected to an external water tank through an external water pipe for collecting the filtered water. A valve 17 is installed at one end of the three-way water pipe 16. During filtration, the sewage passes through the three-way pipe A12, the three-way pipe B13, two electric three-way ball valves 14, two pipes 20, the inlet ends of two two-way components 6, two central pipes 7, two filter tanks 3, the drainage ends of two two-way components 6, and the three-way drainage pipe 15 in sequence. During backwashing, the water filtered by one of the filter tanks 3 enters the other filter tank 3 through the drainage end of the two-way component 6 and the three-way drainage pipe 15, and the water flow passes through the corresponding central pipe 7, the inlet end of the two-way component 6, the pipe 20, the electric three-way ball valve 14, and the three-way drainage pipe 15 in sequence.

[0025] Working principle:

[0026] First, the wastewater is transported into the three-way pipe A12 by an external water pump and sufficient pressure is provided. At the same time, the oxidant in the dosing tank A10 and the flocculant in the dosing tank B11 are respectively transported in the two dosing pipes 19 by two pump bodies 18 and transported into the three-way pipe A12. One end of each of the two dosing pipes 19 is equipped with a pump body 18, and the medicaments in the dosing tank A10 and the dosing tank B11 are respectively transported in the two dosing pipes 19 by the two pump bodies 18. The water flow direction is the three-way pipe A12, the three-way pipe B13, two electric three-way ball valves 14, two pipes 20, the inlet ends of two two-way components 6, two central pipes 7, and reaches the two bottom distributors 8. It should be noted that the electric three-way ball valve 14 needs to control one end to be closed and the other two ends to be opened, so that the wastewater only enters the pipe 20, and then the wastewater is discharged from the two bottom distributors 8 into the two filter tanks 3. The first discharged wastewater reaches the sand layer 4, and the sand layer 4 should be quartz sand, so that the wastewater moves along the sand layer 4 of the quartz sand to the filter media 5. The heavy metal ions in the water and the hydroxyl radicals in the water body generate heavy metal hydroxyl precipitates under the catalytic oxidation of the heavy metal filter media 5, and precipitate through the adsorption and interception of the filter media 5. The filtered water enters the space above the filter media 5. It should be noted that to ensure that the water has sufficient hydraulic retention time in the filter media 5 to achieve the expected treatment effect, the thickness of the filter media 5 should not be less than 700 mm, and the height of the space above the filter media 5 is 35% to 45% of the thickness of the filter media 5. Then, the filtered water passes through the upper distributor 9 and enters the drainage end of the two-way component 6. The valve 17 is opened and discharged through the three-way water pipe 16, achieving the purpose of removing low-concentration heavy metal ions and preventing serious environmental pollution caused by a large amount of hazardous waste residue generated during the treatment of heavy metals.

[0027] Next, when backwashing is required, first close valve 17. The water filtered by one of the filter tanks 3 enters another filter tank 3 through the drain end of the two-way fitting 6, the three-way drain pipe 15, and the upper water distributor 9. The filtered water flows along the filter media 5 and the sand layer 4 inside the filter tank 3, and the heavy metal precipitates enter the lower water distributor 8 along with the flowing water. Then the water flow passes through the corresponding central pipe 7, the water inlet end of the two-way fitting 6, the pipe 20, the electric three-way ball valve 14, and the three-way drain pipe 15 in sequence. It should be noted that the electric three-way ball valve 14 needs to control one end to be closed and the other two ends to be open, so that when the water flow passes through the electric three-way ball valve 14, it only enters the three-way drain pipe 15. Finally, the backwashing water is discharged from the drain end at the outermost end of the three-way drain pipe 15, completing the backwashing work. There is no need to add a backwashing pump body 18, which reduces the equipment investment and energy consumption.

[0028] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wastewater filtering device for removing turbidity and heavy metals in a small amount of water, comprising a base (1), a bracket A, an electric control cabinet (2) and two filter tanks (3), wherein the bracket A and the two filter tanks (3) are fixedly mounted on the base (1), and the bracket A is fixedly mounted on the electric control cabinet (2), and is characterized in that: The two filter tanks (3) are filled with a sand layer (4) and filter material (5). The water inlet ends of the two filter tanks (3) are fixedly installed with a two-way piece (6). The water inlet ends of the two two-way pieces (6) are fixedly connected with a central pipe (7). The bottom ends of the two central pipes (7) are connected with a lower water distributor (8). An upper water distributor (9) is fixedly installed between the central pipe (7) and the two-way piece (6). Both the upper water distributor (9) and the lower water distributor (8) are used to circulate water. The lower water distributor (8) is located inside the sand layer (4); A dosing box A (10) for loading an oxidant and a dosing box B (11) for loading a flocculant are fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base (1). The dosing box A (10) and the dosing box B (11) are both connected to a three-way pipe A (12) for injecting sewage through a drug delivery pipe (19). The outer surface of the three-way pipe A (12) is connected to a three-way pipe B (13). Electric three-way ball valves (14) are respectively installed at two water outlet ends of the three-way pipe B (13). The electric three-way ball valves (14) are used to control the opening and closing of any one end thereof. One end of the two electric three-way ball valves (14) are respectively connected to the water inlet ends of the two two-way components (6) through a pipeline (20). The other ends of the two electric three-way ball valves (14) are connected to a three-way drainage pipe (15) for backwashing drainage. The drainage ends of the two two-way components (6) are connected to a three-way water pipe (16) for drainage, and a valve (17) is installed at one end of the three-way water pipe (16). During filtering, sewage passes through the three-way pipe A (12), the three-way pipe B (13), the two electric three-way ball valves (14), the two pipes (20), the water inlet ends of the two two-way components (6), the two central pipes (7), the two filter tanks (3), the drainage ends of the two two-way components (6), and the three-way drainage pipe (15) in sequence. During backwashing, water filtered from one of the filter tanks (3) enters the other filter tank (3) through the drainage end of the two-way component (6) and the three-way drainage pipe (15), and the water flows through the corresponding central pipe (7), the water inlet end of the two-way component (6), the pipe (20), the electric three-way ball valve (14), and the three-way drainage pipe (15) in sequence.

2. The wastewater filtration device for removing turbidity and heavy metals with a small amount of water according to claim 1 is characterized by: One end of the three-way drainage pipe (15) is connected to an external pipeline.

3. The wastewater filtration device for removing turbidity and heavy metals with a small amount of water according to claim 1 is characterized in that: One end of the three-way water pipe (16) is connected to an external water tank through an external water pipe.

4. The wastewater filtration device for removing turbidity and heavy metals with a small amount of water according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A pump body (18) is installed at one end of the two drug delivery tubes (19).

5. The wastewater filtration device for removing turbidity and heavy metals with a small amount of water according to claim 1 is characterized by: A bracket B is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base (1), and two electric three-way ball valves (14) are fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the bracket B.

6. The wastewater filtration device for removing turbidity and heavy metals with a small amount of water according to claim 1 is characterized by: The thickness of the filter material (5) should not be less than 700 mm, and the height of the space above the filter material (5) should be 35% to 45% of the thickness of the filter material (5).

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