Transmission assembly of valve mechanism, valve mechanism and engine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a transmission assembly of a valve mechanism, the valve mechanism and an engine, the transmission assembly of the valve mechanism comprises a tappet, the tappet is provided with a mounting groove and an oil cavity, the mounting groove is communicated with the oil cavity, the oil cavity is used for placing oil, the tappet is provided with an oil duct which can be communicated with the oil cavity in an on-off mode, and the oil duct is communicated with an oil return device; one end of the push rod is inserted into the mounting groove and can stretch out and draw back along the mounting groove. According to the transmission assembly, the oil cavity is formed in the tappet, in the working process of an engine under the overspeed working condition, the piston generates pressure on the air valve at the moment that the air valve makes contact with the piston in the air cylinder, so that the push rod extrudes oil in the oil cavity, oil pressure in the oil cavity rapidly rises, an oil channel is communicated, and the oil in the oil cavity flows out; the push rod falls back under the action of gravity, and the air valve does not bear pressure from the rocker arm any more and is far away from the piston of the air cylinder. The valve lift can be reduced after the pressure of the oil in the oil cavity is relieved, collision between the valve and a piston in the air cylinder is avoided, and therefore the reliability of the engine is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of engines, and particularly relates to a transmission component of a valve train, a valve train and an engine. Background Art

[0002] During the working process of the engine, the valve train is used to supply fuel gas into the cylinder and discharge exhaust gas. Specifically, the valve train generally includes a timing gear train, a camshaft, and a valve drive assembly (valve, push rod, rocker arm, etc.). Among them, the rotation of the cam of the camshaft can drive the valve drive assembly to open and close the intake passage and the exhaust passage on the cylinder head, so that the fresh mixture gas can fill the cylinder in time and the exhaust gas can be discharged out of the cylinder in time.

[0003] However, during the overspeed operation of the engine, the movement inertia and self-excited vibration of the valve are aggravated, which may cause the valve to fly off and jump, that is, the movement trajectory of the valve is not synchronized with the rotation of the cam, resulting in the valve opening early or closing late, increasing the risk of collision between the valve and the piston in the cylinder.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a transmission component of a valve train to reduce the valve lift during the overspeed operation of the engine and alleviate the problem of collision between the valve and the piston in the cylinder is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of this, the utility model provides a transmission component of a valve train to reduce the valve lift during the overspeed operation of the engine and alleviate the problem of collision between the valve and the piston in the cylinder. In addition, the utility model also provides a valve train and an engine having the above-mentioned transmission component of the valve train.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A transmission component of a valve train, comprising:

[0008] A tappet, the tappet has an installation groove and an oil cavity, the installation groove is communicated with the oil cavity, the oil cavity is used for placing oil liquid, the tappet has an oil passage that can be communicated with and cut off from the oil cavity, and the oil passage is communicated with an oil return device;

[0009] A push rod, one end of the push rod is inserted into the installation groove and can expand and contract along the installation groove.

[0010] Preferably, in the above-mentioned transmission component of the valve train, the oil return device is an elastic oil storage bag with a variable volume, and the oil storage bag is hermetically connected to the oil passage.

[0011] Preferably, in the transmission assembly of the above gas distribution mechanism, a valve is provided in the oil passage, and the valve is a two-way valve or a solenoid valve for controlling the on-off of the oil passage.

[0012] Preferably, in the transmission assembly of the above gas distribution mechanism, the oil return device includes:

[0013] An oil return passage provided in the tappet, and one end of the oil return passage is communicated with the oil cavity;

[0014] An oil return pipeline, one end of the oil return pipeline is hermetically communicated with the oil passage, and the other end is hermetically communicated with the other end of the oil return passage.

[0015] Preferably, in the transmission assembly of the above gas distribution mechanism, an oil return valve is provided in the oil return passage, and the oil return valve is a one-way valve for controlling the oil return passage to conduct from the oil return pipeline to the oil cavity;

[0016] A valve is provided in the oil passage, and the valve is a one-way valve for controlling the oil cavity to conduct to the oil return pipeline.

[0017] Preferably, in the transmission assembly of the above gas distribution mechanism, the push rod is hermetically connected to the installation groove through a sliding plug, the circumference of the sliding plug is in sealing contact with the push rod, and is arranged between the push rod and the oil.

[0018] Preferably, in the transmission assembly of the above gas distribution mechanism, it further includes:

[0019] A rotational speed sensor for obtaining the rotational speed of the engine;

[0020] A control system connected to the valve on the oil passage, and when the rotational speed of the engine exceeds a preset rotational speed, the control system controls the valve to open.

[0021] Preferably, in the transmission assembly of the above gas distribution mechanism, the oil passage is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the push rod.

[0022] A gas distribution mechanism of an engine includes a transmission assembly, wherein the transmission assembly is the transmission assembly described in any one of the above.

[0023] An engine includes a gas distribution mechanism, wherein the gas distribution mechanism is the gas distribution mechanism described above.

[0024] In an embodiment of the present utility model, a transmission assembly of a valve train is disclosed. An oil cavity is arranged inside the tappet, and oil is arranged in the oil cavity. During the operation of the engine under overspeed conditions, when the valve and the piston in the cylinder come into contact instantaneously, the piston generates pressure on the valve, causing the push rod to extrude the oil in the oil cavity, so that the oil pressure in the oil cavity rises rapidly, the oil passage is conducted, and the oil in the oil cavity flows out. The push rod falls back under the action of gravity, so that the valve is no longer subjected to the pressure from the rocker arm, and moves away from the piston of the cylinder under the action of the valve spring of the valve. That is, after the oil in the oil cavity is depressurized, the valve lift can be reduced, avoiding the collision between the valve and the piston in the cylinder, thereby improving the reliability of the engine. Description of the Drawings

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the valve train disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 Structural schematic diagram of the transmission assembly of the valve train disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model under normal operating conditions;

[0028] Figure 3 For Figure 2 Partial enlarged view of A in

[0029] Figure 4 Structural schematic diagram of the transmission assembly of the valve train disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model under overspeed conditions;

[0030] Figure 5 Structural schematic diagram of the first structure of the transmission assembly of the valve train disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model under normal operating conditions;

[0031] Figure 6 Structural schematic diagram of the first structure of the transmission assembly of the valve train disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model under overspeed conditions;

[0032] Figure 7 Structural schematic diagram of the second structure of the transmission assembly of the valve train disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model under normal operating conditions;

[0033] Figure 8 Structural schematic diagram of the second structure of the transmission assembly of the valve train disclosed in the embodiment of the present utility model under overspeed conditions. Detailed implementation mode

[0034] The utility model discloses a transmission component of a valve train to reduce the valve lift under the overspeed condition of the engine and alleviate the problem of the collision between the valve and the piston in the cylinder. In addition, the utility model also discloses a valve train and an engine having the above-mentioned transmission component of the valve train.

[0035] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0036] During the working process of the engine, the valve train is used to supply fuel gas into the cylinder and can discharge the exhaust gas. The valve train generally includes a timing gear train, a camshaft, and a valve drive assembly (valve, push rod, rocker arm, etc.). Among them, the rotation of the cam of the camshaft can drive the valve drive assembly to open and close the intake passage and the exhaust passage on the cylinder head, so that the fresh mixture gas can fill the cylinder in time and the exhaust gas can be discharged out of the cylinder in time.

[0037] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the valve train of the engine includes a cam 100, a tappet 200, a push rod 300, a rocker arm 400, and a valve 500.

[0038] Among them, the cam 100 is installed on the camshaft (not shown in the figure) and rotates with the camshaft, thus forming the drive assembly of the valve train. One end of the push rod 300 is in contact with the cam 100 through the tappet 200, the other end of the push rod 300 is in contact with the rocker arm 400, and the valve 500 is in contact with the other side of the rocker arm 400, thus forming the transmission component of the valve train. During the rotation of the camshaft, the cam 100 is driven to rotate, and then the rocker arm 400 is pushed to rotate around the rotation axis of the rocker arm 400 through the tappet 200 and the push rod 300, driving the valve 500 to move up and down, so as to open and close the intake passage and the exhaust passage on the cylinder head.

[0039] However, during the overspeed operation of the engine, the movement inertia and self-excited vibration of the valve 500 are aggravated, which will cause the valve 500 to fly off and jump, that is, the movement track of the valve 500 is not synchronized with the rotation of the cam 100, resulting in the early opening or late closing of the passage where the valve 500 is located (including the intake passage and the exhaust passage), increasing the risk of collision between the valve 500 and the piston in the cylinder.

[0040] Based on this, in the present application, the structure between the tappet 200 and the push rod 300 is changed to reduce the valve lift under overspeed conditions, thereby avoiding the collision between the valve and the piston and improving the reliability of the engine.

[0041] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the tappet 200 has a mounting groove, a sliding plug 201, an oil chamber 202, an oil passage 203, and a valve 204.

[0042] Among them, the mounting groove communicates with the oil chamber 202, the push rod 300 extends into the mounting groove, the oil chamber 202 contains oil, a sliding plug 201 is provided between the push rod 300 and the oil chamber 202, one end of the oil passage 203 can be communicably connected to the oil chamber 202 through the valve 204, and the other end can be connected to an oil return device.

[0043] Exemplarily, the mounting groove and the oil chamber 202 can be blind holes formed in the tappet 200 extending along the axial direction of the push rod 300. The push rod 300 is installed in the mounting groove of the tappet 200 and can move up and down along the mounting groove. The sliding plug 201 is disposed at a position of the push rod 300 close to the bottom of the mounting groove.

[0044] As Figure 2 shown, during the working process of the engine under normal speed conditions, the pressure exerted by the rocker arm 400 and the cam 100 on the tappet 200 is a normal pressure value. Under this pressure value, the sliding plug 201 remains at a constant height under the action of the push rod 300 and the oil in the oil chamber 202, and can cooperate with the push rod 300 to control the opening and closing of the valve 500, and the valve train works normally.

[0045] As Figure 4 shown, during the working process of the engine under overspeed conditions, at the moment when the valve 500 contacts the piston in the cylinder, the piston generates pressure on the valve 500, and the pressure of the valve 500 acts on the push rod 300 through the rocker arm 400, causing the push rod 300 to squeeze the oil in the oil chamber 202, so that the oil pressure in the oil chamber 202 rises rapidly. The valve 204 is opened under the action of the oil pressure, the oil in the oil chamber 202 flows out, and the push rod 300 falls back under the action of gravity, so that the rocker arm 400 and the valve bridge of the valve 500 are no longer in contact, so that the valve 500 no longer receives the pressure from the rocker arm 400 and moves away from the piston in the cylinder under the action of the valve spring of the valve 500, that is, the lift of the valve 500 is reduced, and the problem of collision between the valve 500 and the piston in the cylinder is solved.

[0046] An oil chamber 202 is provided inside the tappet 200 of the transmission assembly in the present application, and oil is provided in the oil chamber 202, which can relieve the reduction of the valve lift when the push rod 300 is under a large pressure, avoid the collision between the valve 500 and the piston in the cylinder, and improve the reliability of the engine and the vehicle.

[0047] In some embodiments, the oil passage 203 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the push rod 300 to reduce the flow path of the oil. The trend and size of the oil passage 203 can be set according to different needs, and all are within the protection scope.

[0048] The sealing contact between the sliding plug 201 and the installation groove of the tappet 200 is to prevent the oil from discharging through the gap between the installation groove and the push rod 300 under pressure, which affects the normal use of the engine. The sliding plug 201 includes but is not limited to being a rubber part. The sliding plug 201 is in sealing contact with the installation groove and can slide within the installation groove.

[0049] Combined Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the oil return device of the transmission component of the valve train includes but is not limited to an elastically deformable oil collecting bag 205. The opening of the oil collecting bag 205 is communicated with the outlet of the oil passage 203 (the end of the oil passage 203 far from the oil cavity 202), and the oil collecting bag 205 is sealingly connected to the oil passage 203 to prevent oil leakage.

[0050] When the oil in the oil cavity 202 does not enter the oil collecting bag 205, that is, when the oil collecting bag 205 is in the initial state, the volume of the oil collecting bag 205 is small, and the pressure in the oil collecting bag 205 can be the atmospheric pressure.

[0051] When the oil in the oil cavity 202 is squeezed and the valve 204 is turned on, the oil in the oil cavity 202 enters the oil collecting bag 205 through the oil passage 203. As the oil in the oil collecting bag 205 increases, the volume of the oil collecting bag 205 gradually expands. Until the pressure in the oil cavity 202 decreases to the point where the push rod 300 drops under the action of gravity, and the valve 500 does not collide with the piston in the cylinder. It should be noted that during the process of the increase of the oil in the oil collecting bag 205, the pressure in the oil collecting bag 205 increases, and the pressure generated by the deformation of the oil collecting bag 205 increases.

[0052] When the contact between the valve 500 and the piston in the cylinder disappears, that is, the pressure exerted by the piston on the valve 500 disappears, the pressure of the push rod 300 decreases, which causes the pressure on the oil in the oil cavity 202 to decrease. Since the pressure in the oil collecting bag 205 is greater than the pressure in the oil cavity 202, the valve 204 opens, and the oil in the oil collecting bag 205 can enter the oil cavity 202 and push the push rod 300 to reset to ensure that the valve 500 resumes its normal lift.

[0053] Based on the above functions, the valve 204 in the present application is a two-way valve to facilitate two-way conduction.

[0054] Combined Figure 7 and Figure 8In the illustrated embodiment, the transmission assembly further includes an oil return pipeline 208 and an oil return passage 206, and the oil return pipeline 208 and the oil return passage 206 are an oil return device communicating with the oil passage 203.

[0055] Specifically, the oil return passage 206 is opened in the passage of the tappet 200, and one end of the oil return passage 206 communicates with the oil cavity 202, the other end is sealingly connected to one end of the oil return pipeline 208, and the other end of the oil return pipeline 208 communicates with the outlet of the oil passage 203, so that the oil passage 203 communicates with the oil return pipeline 208 through the oil return passage 206, and the oil return passage 206 communicates with the oil cavity 202.

[0056] Exemplarily, an oil return valve 207 is provided in the oil return passage 206, and the oil return valve 207 can control the on-off of the oil return passage 206 and the oil cavity 202.

[0057] When the oil in the oil cavity 202 is squeezed, the valve 204 is turned on and the oil return valve 207 is closed. The oil in the oil cavity 202 enters the oil return pipeline 208 through the oil passage 203 until the pressure in the oil cavity 202 decreases to the point where the push rod 300 drops under the action of gravity, and the valve 500 does not collide with the piston in the cylinder. It should be noted that since the oil return valve 207 is closed, the oil will accumulate in the oil return pipeline 208. Based on this, the oil return pipeline 208 in this application can be wound around according to different needs to meet the accommodation of the oil.

[0058] When the contact between the valve 500 and the piston in the cylinder disappears, that is, the pressure exerted by the piston on the valve 500 disappears, the pressure of the push rod 300 decreases, causing the pressure on the oil cavity 202 by the push rod 300 to decrease. At this time, the valve 204 is closed and the oil return valve 207 is opened. The oil in the oil return pipeline 208 flows back into the oil cavity 202 through the oil return passage 206 and pushes the push rod 300 to reset to ensure that the valve 500 resumes its normal lift.

[0059] Based on Figure 7 and Figure 8 the oil return methods in, in an alternative embodiment, the valve 204 is a one-way hydraulic valve, and the oil return valve 207 is a one-way hydraulic valve or an electromagnetic valve.

[0060] The above discloses two oil return methods for the oil in the oil cavity 202, which can be selected by those skilled in the art according to different needs and are all within the protection scope.

[0061] In some embodiments, the valve 204 can also be set as an electromagnetic valve, and a rotational speed sensor for monitoring the engine speed is provided. When the engine speed exceeds the preset speed, the engine is in an overspeed condition, and the control system controls the valve 204 to be turned on, so that the oil in the oil cavity 202 flows out, realizing the pressure relief of the oil cavity 202. After the pressure relief, the push rod 300 drops under the action of gravity.

[0062] In addition, the present application also discloses a valve train, including a transmission assembly. Among them, the transmission assembly is the transmission assembly disclosed in the above embodiment. Therefore, the valve train with this transmission assembly also has the above technical effects, which will not be elaborated one by one here.

[0063] In addition, the present application also discloses an engine, including a valve train. Among them, the valve train is the valve train disclosed in the above embodiment. Therefore, the engine with this valve train also has all the above technical effects, which will not be elaborated one by one here.

[0064] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the various embodiments, reference can be made to each other.

[0065] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A transmission assembly of a valve train, characterized in that: include: A tappet, the tappet having a mounting groove and an oil cavity, the mounting groove being in communication with the oil cavity, the oil cavity being used to hold oil, the tappet having an oil passage in communication with the oil cavity in a switchable manner, the oil passage being in communication with an oil return device; A push rod, one end of which is inserted into the mounting groove and can be extended and retracted along the mounting groove.

2. The transmission assembly of the valve train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil return device is an elastic oil storage bag with variable volume, and the oil storage bag is sealed and connected to the oil passage.

3. The transmission assembly of the valve train according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oil passage is provided with a valve, and the valve is a two-way valve or a solenoid valve for controlling the on-off of the oil passage.

4. The transmission assembly of the valve train according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil return device comprises: An oil return passage, wherein the oil return passage is provided on the tappet, and one end of the oil return passage is communicated with the oil chamber; An oil return pipeline, one end of which is in sealed communication with the oil passage, and the other end of which is in sealed communication with the other end of the oil return passage.

5. The transmission assembly of the valve train according to claim 4, characterized in that: The oil return passage is provided with an oil return valve, and the oil return valve controls a one-way valve that connects the oil return passage from the oil return pipeline to the oil chamber; The oil passage is provided with a valve, and the valve is a one-way valve for controlling the conduction of the oil chamber to the oil return pipeline.

6. The transmission assembly of the valve train according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The push rod is sealed and connected to the mounting groove via a sliding plug. The sliding plug is in sealing contact with the push rod in the circumference and is arranged between the push rod and the oil.

7. The transmission assembly of the valve train according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A rotation speed sensor, wherein the rotation speed sensor is used to obtain the rotation speed of the engine; A control system is connected to the valve on the oil channel, and when the speed of the engine exceeds a preset speed, the control system controls the valve to open.

8. The transmission assembly of the valve train according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The oil passage is arranged perpendicular to the axis of the push rod.

9. A valve train of an engine, comprising a transmission assembly, characterized in that: The transmission assembly is the transmission assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An engine, comprising a valve train, characterized in that: The valve mechanism is the valve mechanism as claimed in claim 9.

Images