Soil sample preparation device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of sample preparation, and provides a soil sample preparation device which comprises a shell, the material disc mechanism comprises a lower supporting disc, an upper cover ring disc and a sample material box, and an annular material cavity used for conveying the sample material box to different treatment procedures is formed between the lower supporting disc and the upper cover ring disc; the air drying mechanism, the crushing mechanism, the first screening mechanism, the grinding mechanism, the second screening mechanism and the collecting mechanism are communicated with the annular material cavity; and the blowing mechanism communicates with the air drying mechanism, the crushing mechanism, the first screening mechanism, the grinding mechanism, the second screening mechanism and the collecting mechanism. According to the soil sample preparation device provided by the utility model, the soil sample does not need to be manually ground or knocked, so that the labor intensity of operators in the soil sample preparation process is effectively reduced, the damage of dust to the health of the operators in the preparation process can be avoided, the operation is simple and convenient, and the preparation efficiency of the soil sample is improved; and cross contamination in the sample preparation process can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of sample preparation, and particularly relates to a soil sample preparation device. Background Art

[0002] The preparation of soil samples refers to the process of air-drying the soil samples collected from the sampling points according to the sampling standards. The air-dried samples are poured onto kraft paper, plexiglass (hardwood) boards, or colorless polyethylene films, or put into cloth bags, and then crushed by hitting with a wooden hammer or pressing with a wooden (plexiglass) rod. The samples are successively sieved through nylon sieves with specified pore sizes until all the air-dried soil samples pass through the nylon sieves. After sieving, the samples are weighed, mixed evenly, packaged, sent for inspection, and stored. During the grinding process, non-soil components, including gravel, sand, and plant residues, should be picked out at any time, but the soil samples should not be discarded casually to avoid affecting the representativeness of the soil samples.

[0003] However, since the preparation of existing soil samples generally requires manual rolling or hammering of the soil samples to crush them into powder, not only is the labor density high in this operation step, but it also takes a long time, greatly slowing down the overall progress of sample preparation, resulting in low sample preparation efficiency and long cycle. Moreover, a large amount of dust is generated during the crushing process, which seriously affects the health of the operators after inhalation. At the same time, during the crushing process, it is necessary to sort out sand, gravel, and roots, and the operators need to constantly switch operations, further leading to low sample preparation efficiency and high labor intensity. In addition, after the preparation of each sample is completed, all used preparation tools must be cleaned or blown clean with an oil-free air compressor before they can be used for the preparation of the next soil sample to avoid cross-contamination between samples. However, in reality, the sampling equipment is not easy to be blown and washed clean, and fine particles float in the air during the blowing and washing process, making it impossible to achieve thorough and comprehensive cleaning and blowing, and it is extremely easy to cause cross-contamination between samples. Moreover, a large amount of dust generated during the cleaning process will pollute the experimental environment and seriously threaten the health and safety of the operators.

[0004] In view of the above problems, there is an urgent need for a device that can automatically complete the processes of crushing, sieving, sorting, and cleaning of soil samples, significantly reducing the labor intensity of operators, reducing dust pollution, ensuring the health and safety of operators, improving the efficiency and accuracy of sample preparation, and providing reliable technical support for soil science research and environmental monitoring. Therefore, it has become an urgent need to design a soil sample preparation device that integrates automation, low dust, and high-efficiency cleaning. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present utility model proposes a soil sample preparation device, which does not require manual rolling or knocking treatment of soil samples, effectively reduces the labor intensity of operators during the soil sample preparation process, can avoid damage to the health of operators caused by dust during the preparation process, and is simple and convenient to operate, improving the preparation efficiency of soil samples, shortening the sample preparation time, and can effectively avoid cross-contamination during the sample preparation process, ensuring the representativeness and accuracy of sample preparation.

[0006] The technical solution of the present utility model is as follows:

[0007] The present utility model proposes a soil sample preparation device, including

[0008] a casing, the casing is provided with a sample inlet and a sample outlet;

[0009] a tray mechanism, the tray mechanism includes a lower supporting disc and an upper covering ring disc that are coaxially and rotatably connected, and a sample box. An annular material cavity for transporting the sample box to different processing procedures is formed between the lower supporting disc and the upper covering ring disc, and the upper covering ring disc is fixedly arranged in the casing;

[0010] a drying mechanism, the drying mechanism is fixedly connected to the upper covering ring disc and is communicated with the annular material cavity;

[0011] a crushing mechanism, the crushing mechanism is fixedly connected to the upper covering ring disc and is communicated with the annular material cavity;

[0012] a first screening mechanism, the first screening mechanism is fixedly connected to the upper covering ring disc and is communicated with the annular material cavity;

[0013] a grinding mechanism, the grinding mechanism is fixedly connected to the upper covering ring disc and is communicated with the annular material cavity;

[0014] a second screening mechanism, the second screening mechanism is fixedly connected to the upper covering ring disc and is communicated with the annular material cavity;

[0015] a collection mechanism, the collection mechanism is fixedly connected to the upper covering ring disc and is communicated with the annular material cavity;

[0016] a purging mechanism, the purging mechanism is fixedly connected to the upper covering ring disc and is communicated with the drying mechanism, the crushing mechanism, the first screening mechanism, the grinding mechanism, the second screening mechanism, and the collection mechanism through pipelines.

[0017] Preferably, the lower supporting disc is provided with a tray seat that can be lifted in the annular material cavity. The sample box is placed in the tray seat, and a weighing component is arranged at the bottom of the tray seat.

[0018] Preferably, the upper cover ring disk is provided with a sample inlet tube and a sample outlet tube connected to the annular material cavity, and a plurality of tube seats spaced apart along the circumferential direction, and the sample inlet tube, the sample outlet tube and the tube seat are all provided with a tube cavity adapted to the material disk seat;

[0019] The injection tube is arranged opposite to the injection port, the sample outlet tube is arranged opposite to the sample outlet, and a plurality of the tube seats are arranged one by one corresponding to the air drying mechanism, the crushing mechanism, the first screening mechanism, the grinding mechanism, the second screening mechanism, and the collecting mechanism.

[0020] Preferably, the purge mechanism comprises a connected purge fan and a purge pipeline, and the purge fan is fixedly connected to the upper cover ring disc;

[0021] The sample inlet tube is provided with a sample inlet purge port connected to the purge pipeline, the sample outlet tube is provided with a sample outlet purge port connected to the purge pipeline, the air drying mechanism is provided with an air drying purge port connected to the purge pipeline, the crushing mechanism is provided with a crushing purge port connected to the purge pipeline, the first screening mechanism is provided with a first screening purge port connected to the purge pipeline, the grinding mechanism is provided with a grinding purge port connected to the purge pipeline, the second screening mechanism is provided with a second screening purge port connected to the purge pipeline, and the collecting mechanism is provided with an aggregate purge port connected to the purge pipeline.

[0022] Preferably, a waste box connected to the annular material cavity is provided at the center of the upper cover ring disk;

[0023] The inner ring side wall of the upper cover ring disk is provided with a plurality of dust openings communicated with the annular material cavity, and the waste box is provided with a plurality of dust collecting openings corresponding to the dust openings.

[0024] Preferably, the first screening mechanism is provided with a first suction port, a first sample port, and a first waste port, the first suction port is connected to the annular material cavity, the first sample port is connected to the grinding mechanism, and the first waste port is connected to the waste box.

[0025] Preferably, the second screening mechanism is provided with a second suction port, a second sample port, and a second waste port, the second suction port is connected to the annular material cavity, the second sample port is connected to the collecting mechanism, and the second waste port is connected to the waste box.

[0026] Preferably, the crushing mechanism is provided with a rotatable crushing paddle, and the crushing paddle comprises a rotating shaft, and a crushing roller and a scraping and grinding paddle arranged at the end of the rotating shaft;

[0027] A plurality of the crushing rollers and the scraping and rolling blades are provided, and they are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction with the rotating shaft as the center of the circle.

[0028] Preferably, the grinding mechanism is provided with a rotatable grinding paddle, and the grinding paddle includes a grinding shaft and a grinding roller provided at the end of the grinding shaft;

[0029] A plurality of the grinding rollers are provided, and they are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction with the grinding shaft as the center of the circle.

[0030] The present utility model has the following advantages and effects compared with the prior art:

[0031] (1) By adopting the coaxially rotatably connected lower supporting disc and upper cover ring disc, during the rotation of the lower supporting disc, the sample box is driven to different areas to successively complete the air-drying, crushing, screening, grinding, sieving, and collection processes of the soil sample. There is no need for manual rolling and knocking, effectively reducing the labor intensity of the operator, improving the preparation efficiency of the soil sample, and shortening the preparation period of the soil sample;

[0032] (2) By adopting the closed annular material cavity and the air-drying mechanism, crushing mechanism, first screening mechanism, grinding mechanism, second screening mechanism, and collection mechanism connected to the annular material cavity, the dust generated during the preparation of the soil sample can be effectively reduced, thereby avoiding the harm caused by the generated dust to the health of the operator, ensuring the safety of the operator. At the same time, it can avoid the cross-contamination between samples caused by the diffusion of soil sample dust and fine particles to the surrounding environment, ensuring the representativeness and accuracy of sample preparation, and further improving the accuracy of subsequent experiments;

[0033] (3) By adopting the purging mechanism provided with a purging pipeline, after the preparation of the soil sample is completed, the pipelines and corresponding processing mechanisms in the device can be purged and cleaned, without manual purging and cleaning, and no large amount of dust is generated during the purging process, avoiding pollution to the surrounding environment, and at the same time ensuring the health and safety of the operator. The operation is simple and convenient to use. Description of the Drawings

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the soil sample preparation device in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0035] Figure 2 It is an exploded structural diagram of the soil sample preparation device in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the material tray mechanism in the soil sample preparation device in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the air-drying mechanism in the soil sample preparation device in the embodiment of the present utility model;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the crushing mechanism in the soil sample preparation device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the first screening mechanism in the soil sample preparation device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0040] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the grinding mechanism in the soil sample preparation device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second screening mechanism in the soil sample preparation device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the collection mechanism in the soil sample preparation device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0043] Reference numerals: 1, housing; 11, sample inlet; 12, sample outlet; 13, intake filter replacement port; 14, exhaust filter replacement port; 15, first screen replacement port; 16, second screen replacement port; 17, waste bin replacement port; 18, touch display screen; 19, grille; 2, tray mechanism; 21, lower supporting disc; 211, tray seat; 2111, weighing assembly; 22, upper cover ring plate; 221, sample inlet tube; 222, sample outlet tube; 223, tube seat; 224, dust port; 23, sample box; 24, waste bin; 241, dust collection port; 25, rotation motor; 26, lifting cylinder; 3, air drying mechanism; 31, air drying blowing port; 32, air drying air inlet; 33, air drying air outlet; 4, crushing mechanism; 41, crushing blowing port; 42, rotating shaft; 43, crushing roller; 44, scraping and rolling blade; 5, first screening mechanism; 51, first screening blowing port; 52, first suction port; 53, first sample port; 54, first waste port; 6, grinding mechanism; 61, grinding blowing port; 62, grinding shaft; 63, grinding roller; 64, grinding inlet; 7, second screening mechanism; 71, second screening blowing port; 72, second suction port; 73, second sample port; 74, second waste port; 8, collection mechanism; 81, aggregate blowing port; 82, aggregate inlet; 9, blowing mechanism; 91, blowing fan; 92, blowing pipeline. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present utility model, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific implementation manners.

[0045] Embodiment:

[0046] As Figures 1 to 9As shown in the figure, the utility model provides a soil sample preparation device, which includes a casing 1 with an internal cavity, and a tray mechanism 2, an air-drying mechanism 3, a crushing mechanism 4, a first screening mechanism 5, a grinding mechanism 6, a second screening mechanism 7, a collection mechanism 8, a purging mechanism 9, and a control mechanism fixedly arranged inside the casing 1. Among them, the tray mechanism 2, the air-drying mechanism 3, the crushing mechanism 4, the first screening mechanism 5, the grinding mechanism 6, the second screening mechanism 7, the collection mechanism 8, and the purging mechanism 9 are all electrically connected to the control mechanism, so as to realize the full-automatic preparation and processing of soil samples.

[0047] Combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the top wall of the casing 1 is provided with a sample inlet 11, an air filter replacement port (including an intake air filter replacement port 13 and an exhaust air filter replacement port 14), a first screen replacement port 15, a second screen replacement port 16, a sample outlet 12, a waste box replacement port 17, and a touch display screen 18. The side wall thereof is provided with a grille 19 corresponding to the suction port of the purging fan 91 in the purging mechanism 9.

[0048] Refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the tray mechanism 2 includes a rotatable lower support disc 21 and an upper cover ring disc 22, and a sample box 23. An annular material cavity is formed between the lower support disc 21 and the upper cover ring disc 22 for transporting the sample box 23 to different processing procedures. Specifically, as shown in Figure 3 the figure, the lower support disc 21 is provided with a rotary motor 25 at its center position for driving its rotation. The lower support disc 21 is also provided with a tray seat 211 that can be lifted and lowered in the annular material cavity. The tray seat 211 is open at the top and is provided with a receiving cavity adapted to the sample box 23. A lifting cylinder 26 is connected below the tray seat 211 to drive the tray seat 211 to move up and down. A weighing assembly 2111 is arranged at the bottom of the tray seat 211, which can weigh the sample box 23 placed in the receiving cavity of the tray seat 211, so as to weigh and count the processed soil samples in real time during different processing procedures. The rotary motor 25, the lifting cylinder 26, and the weighing assembly 2111 are all electrically connected to the control mechanism.

[0049] As Figure 3As shown, the upper cover ring plate 22 is provided with a plurality of cylinder seats 223 that are circumferentially spaced apart and communicate with the annular material cavity, as well as a sample inlet cylinder 221 and a sample outlet cylinder 222 that communicate with the annular material cavity. The cylinder seats 223, the sample inlet cylinder 221, and the sample outlet cylinder 222 are all provided with cylinder cavities adapted to the material tray seat 211. The air drying mechanism 3, the crushing mechanism 4, the first screening mechanism 5, the grinding mechanism 6, the second screening mechanism 7, and the collection mechanism 8 are sequentially arranged above the plurality of cylinder seats 223 in the circumferential direction. The sample inlet cylinder 221 and the sample outlet cylinder 222 extend out of the top wall of the machine housing 1. The sample inlet 11 is adapted to the sample inlet cylinder 221, and the sample outlet 12 is adapted to the sample outlet cylinder 222. The sample inlet cylinder 221 is provided with a sample inlet purge port connected to the purge pipeline 92 in the purge mechanism 9, and the sample outlet cylinder 222 is provided with a sample outlet purge port connected to the purge pipeline 92 in the purge mechanism 9.

[0050] Optionally, in some embodiments, covers that are movably hinged to the top wall of the machine housing 1 are provided at the positions of the sample inlet 11 and the sample outlet 12.

[0051] Refer to Figure 3 As shown, a waste box 24 that communicates with the annular material cavity is provided at the center of the upper cover ring plate 22. Specifically, a plurality of dust ports 224 that are circumferentially spaced apart and communicate with the circular annular material cavity are provided on the inner ring side wall of the upper cover ring plate 22. The waste box 24 is provided with a plurality of dust collection ports 241 arranged corresponding to the dust ports 224. The dust and fine suspended particles of the soil sample are collected in the waste box 24 through the annular material cavity, the dust ports 224, and the dust collection ports 241 under the action of the purge mechanism 9. By replacing and cleaning the waste box 24, the residual dust and particles of the soil sample are removed, thereby avoiding cross-contamination between different samples during the preparation of the soil sample.

[0052] Combined with Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the air-drying mechanism 3 is fixedly arranged above the cylinder base 223 and is communicated with the cylinder cavity of the cylinder base 223. It is provided with an air-drying air inlet 32, an air-drying air outlet 33, and an air-drying blowing port 31 that are communicated with the cylinder cavity of the cylinder base 223. The air-drying mechanism 3 is also provided with an intake air filter element communicated with the air-drying air inlet 32 and an outlet air filter element communicated with the air-drying air outlet 33. The air-drying blowing port 31 is communicated with the blowing pipeline 92 through a pipeline. It should be noted that the air-drying mechanism 3 is provided with an air-drying fan connected to the air-drying air inlet 32. Since it is a mature existing technology, it is not shown in the figure and its structure will not be described in detail here. The air-drying mechanism 3 air-dries the soil sample in the sample box 23 located in the cylinder cavity of the cylinder base 223. Among them, the intake air filter element filters and purifies the air entering the cylinder cavity of the cylinder base 223, removing suspended particulate matter, moisture, and organic pollutants in the air, so as to avoid cross-contamination of the soil sample during the drying process. The outlet air filter element purifies and filters the discharged gas to avoid pollution of the environment by the dust in the soil sample during the drying process. It should be noted that the air filter element used for purification and filtration is a mature existing technology, and its structure and principle will not be described in detail here.

[0053] Optionally, in some embodiments, the air-drying mechanism 3 is further provided with a heating component to heat the air for air-drying the soil sample to form dry and filtered and purified air, thereby shortening the time required for air-drying the soil sample and improving the air-drying efficiency. During this process, the heating temperature is strictly in accordance with the drying temperature regulations during the preparation of the soil sample, and the temperature cannot be heated too high.

[0054] As Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the crushing mechanism 4 is fixedly arranged above the cylinder base 223 and is communicated with the cylinder cavity of the cylinder base 223. It is provided with a crushing paddle located in the cylinder cavity of the cylinder base 223. The crushing paddle includes a rotating shaft 42, and a crushing roller 43 and a scraping and grinding blade 44 arranged at the end of the rotating shaft 42. A plurality of crushing rollers 43 and scraping and grinding blades 44 are provided, and they are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction with the rotating shaft 42 as the center. It should be noted that the crushing mechanism 4 is provided with a crushing motor connected to the crushing paddle to drive the crushing paddle to rotate to crush and coarsely grind the soil sample. Since it is a mature existing technology, it is not shown in the figure and its structure will not be described in detail here. The crushing paddle mechanism is also provided with a crushing blowing port 41 communicated with the cylinder cavity of the cylinder base 223. The crushing blowing port 41 is communicated with the blowing pipeline 92 of the blowing mechanism 9 through a pipeline.

[0055] Combined with Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown in the figure, the first screening mechanism 5 is fixedly arranged above the cylinder base 223 and is communicated with the cylinder cavity of the cylinder base 223. It is provided with a first material suction port 52, a first sample material port 53, a first waste material port 54, and a first screening purge port 51. The first material suction port 52 and the first screening purge port 51 are both located in the cylinder cavity of the cylinder base 223. The first screening purge port 51 is connected to the purge pipeline 92 through a pipeline. The first sample material port 53 is connected to the grinding mechanism 6 through a pipeline. The first waste material port 54 is communicated with the waste box 24 through a pipeline. The first screening mechanism 5 is also provided with a first screen mesh (not shown in the figure). After the soil sample is sucked in through the first material suction port 52, it is screened by the first screen mesh. The soil sample that meets the particle size requirements is transported to the grinding mechanism 6 through the first sample material port 53. The sand, plant roots, etc. that do not meet the particle size requirements (larger particle size) are transported into the waste box 24 through the first waste material port 54. It should be noted that a screening fan connected to the first material suction port 52, the first sample material port 53, and the first waste material port 54 is arranged inside the first screening mechanism 5. Since it is a mature existing technology, it is not shown in the figure and its structure and principle will not be elaborated here in detail. The first screen mesh can be disassembled and replaced through the first screen mesh replacement port 15 to select different mesh numbers of screen meshes according to requirements.

[0056] As Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 shown in the figure, the grinding mechanism 6 is fixedly arranged above the cylinder base 223 and is communicated with the cylinder cavity of the cylinder base 223. It is provided with grinding paddles located in the cylinder cavity of the cylinder base 223. The grinding paddles include a grinding shaft 62 and grinding rollers 63 arranged at the end of the grinding shaft 62. There are several grinding rollers 63, which are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction with the grinding shaft 62 as the axis. It should be noted that the grinding mechanism 6 is provided with a grinding motor connected to the grinding paddles to drive the grinding paddles to rotate and finely grind the soil sample. The grinding mechanism 6 is also provided with a grinding feed port 64 and a grinding purge port 61 located in the cylinder cavity of the cylinder base 223. The grinding feed port 64 is connected to the first sample material port 53 through a pipeline. The grinding purge port 61 is connected to the purge pipeline 92 through a pipeline.

[0057] Combined with Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 8As shown in the figure, the second screening mechanism 7 is fixedly arranged above the cylinder base 223 and communicated with the cylinder cavity of the cylinder base 223. It is provided with a second material suction port 72, a second sample port 73, a second waste port 74, and a second screening purge port 71. The second material suction port 72 and the second screening purge port 71 are both located in the cylinder cavity of the cylinder base 223. The second screening purge port 71 is connected to the purge pipeline 92 of the purge mechanism 9 through a pipeline. The second sample port 73 is connected to the collection mechanism 8 through a pipeline. The second waste port 74 is communicated with the waste box 24 through a pipeline. The second screening mechanism 7 is also provided with a second sieve mesh (not shown in the figure). After the soil sample is sucked in through the second material suction port 72, it is screened by the second sieve mesh. The soil samples that meet the particle size requirements are transported to the collection mechanism 8 through the second sample port 73. The gravel, plant roots, etc. that do not meet the particle size requirements (larger particle size) are transported into the waste box 24 through the second waste port 74. It should be noted that a screening fan connected to the second material suction port 72, the second sample port 73, and the second waste port 74 is arranged inside the second screening mechanism 7. Since it is a mature existing technology, it is not shown in the figure and its structure and principle will not be elaborated in detail here. The second sieve mesh can be disassembled and replaced through the second sieve mesh replacement port 16 to select sieve meshes with different mesh numbers according to requirements.

[0058] As Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 9 shown in the figure, the collection mechanism 8 is fixedly arranged above the cylinder base 223 and communicated with the cylinder cavity of the cylinder base 223. It is provided with an aggregate inlet 82 located in the cylinder cavity of the cylinder base 223 and an aggregate purge port 81. The aggregate inlet 82 is connected to the second sample port 73 through a pipeline. The aggregate purge port 81 is connected to the purge pipeline 92 of the purge mechanism 9 through a pipeline.

[0059] Referring Figure 2 , Figure 3 shown in the figure, the purge mechanism 9 includes a connected purge fan 91 and a purge pipeline 92. The purge fan 91 is fixedly connected to the upper cover ring plate 22. The air outlet of the purge fan 91 is connected to the purge pipeline 92. The sample inlet cylinder 221, the sample outlet cylinder 222, the air drying mechanism 3, the crushing mechanism 4, the first screening mechanism 5, the grinding mechanism 6, the second screening mechanism 7, and the collection mechanism 8 are all connected to the purge pipeline 92 through pipelines to blow the suspended particulate matter remaining in the soil sample preparation process into the waste box 24 through the annular material cavity for collection.

[0060] Among them, specifically, the air-drying fan of the air-drying mechanism 3, the crushing motor of the crushing mechanism 4, the screening fan of the first screening mechanism 5, the grinding motor of the grinding mechanism 6, the screening fan of the second screening mechanism 7, the blowing fan 91 of the blowing mechanism 9, the rotating motor 25, the lifting cylinder 26, the weighing component 2111, and the touch display screen 18 are all electrically connected to the control mechanism. It should be noted that the control mechanism is a mature existing technology, and an existing PLC controller or other microprocessors can be used, which will not be elaborated here in detail.

[0061] Furthermore, the specific process of processing and preparing the soil sample using the soil sample preparation device provided in this embodiment is as follows:

[0062] Sample feeding process:

[0063] The operator first places the soil sample in the sample box 23, and then places the sample box 23 containing the soil sample in the tray seat 211 at the sample inlet 11. The control mechanism drives the lifting cylinder 26 to drive the tray seat 211 and the sample box 23 to move downward along the sample inlet tube 221 until the tray seat 211 is located in the annular material cavity. Subsequently, the control mechanism drives the rotating motor 25 to move, thereby driving the lower supporting disc 21 to rotate and making the tray seat 211 rotate to the lower part of the cylinder seat 223 corresponding to the air-drying mechanism 3. At this time, the rotating motor 25 stops moving, and the control mechanism drives the lifting cylinder 26 to drive the tray seat 211 and the sample box 23 to move upward a certain distance, so that the tray seat 211 is partially embedded in the cylinder cavity of the cylinder seat 223 to form a closed treatment space.

[0064] Air-drying process:

[0065] The control mechanism drives the air-drying fan of the air-drying mechanism 3 to operate, and sends filtered and purified air into the cylinder cavity of the cylinder seat 223 through the air-drying air inlet 32 to air-dry the soil sample in the sample box 23. After air-drying for a period of time, the air-drying fan stops operating, and the control mechanism drives the lifting cylinder 26 to operate, driving the tray seat 211 to move downward to the annular material cavity.

[0066] Crushing process:

[0067] The control mechanism drives the rotary motor 25 to operate, driving the lower supporting disc 21 to rotate and causing the tray seat 211 to rotate to the lower part of the cylinder seat 223 corresponding to the crushing mechanism 4. At this time, the rotary motor 25 stops operating. The control mechanism drives the lifting cylinder 26 to drive the tray seat 211 and the sample box 23 to move upward by a certain distance, so that a part of the tray seat 211 is embedded in the cylinder cavity of the cylinder seat 223 to form a closed treatment space. Subsequently, the control mechanism drives the crushing motor of the crushing mechanism 4 to operate, driving the crushing paddle to rotate, and performing crushing and rough grinding on the soil sample in the sample box 23. After crushing for a period of time, when the grinding and crushing are completed, the motor stops operating. The control mechanism drives the lifting cylinder 26 to operate, driving the tray seat 211 to move downward to the annular material cavity;

[0068] It should be noted that to ensure complete crushing and grinding of the soil sample, during the crushing process, the control mechanism can synchronously drive the lifting cylinder 26 to perform lifting movement while driving the crushing motor to operate, so as to change the height position of the crushing paddle in the sample box 23, so as to ensure a comprehensive and thorough crushing treatment of the soil sample inside the sample box 23.

[0069] Screening process:

[0070] The control mechanism drives the rotary motor 25 to operate, driving the lower supporting disc 21 to rotate and causing the tray seat 211 to rotate to the lower part of the cylinder seat 223 corresponding to the first screening mechanism 5. At this time, the rotary motor 25 stops operating. The control mechanism drives the lifting cylinder 26 to drive the tray seat 211 and the sample box 23 to move upward by a certain distance, so that a part of the tray seat 211 is embedded in the cylinder cavity of the cylinder seat 223 to form a closed treatment space. Subsequently, the control mechanism drives the screening fan of the first screening mechanism 5 to operate. Under the suction of the screening fan, the soil sample is sucked into the screening fan through the first material suction port 52 and screened through the first screen. The gravel and plant roots with a particle size larger than the aperture of the first screen are transported to the waste box 24 through the first waste port 54. The soil sample with a particle size meeting the requirements is stored in the first screening mechanism 5 after passing through the first screen, waiting to be transported to the grinding mechanism 6 through the first sample port 53 later. The screening fan stops operating. The control mechanism drives the lifting cylinder 26 to operate, driving the tray seat 211 to move downward to the annular material cavity;

[0071] It should be noted that during this process, since the tray seat 211 under the sample box 23 is provided with a weighing component 2111, it can be judged whether the soil sample is completely sucked into the first screening mechanism 5 for screening through the weighing component 2111.

[0072] Grinding process:

[0073] The control mechanism drives the rotary motor 25 to operate, driving the lower supporting disc 21 to rotate and causing the tray seat 211 to rotate to the lower part of the cylinder seat 223 corresponding to the grinding mechanism 6. At this time, the rotary motor 25 stops operating. The control mechanism drives the lifting cylinder 26 to drive the tray seat 211 and the sample box 23 to move upward for a certain distance, so that a part of the tray seat 211 is embedded in the cylinder cavity of the cylinder seat 223 to form a closed treatment space. Subsequently, the control mechanism drives the material conveying component in the first screening mechanism 5 to operate. The soil sample stored in the first screening mechanism 5 is sent into the lower sample box 23 through the first sample port 53 and the grinding feed port 64. After the soil sample is completely sent into the sample box 23, the control mechanism drives the grinding motor of the grinding mechanism 6 to operate, driving the grinding paddle to rotate to finely grind the soil sample. After grinding for a period of time, the grinding motor stops operating, and the control mechanism drives the lifting cylinder 26 to operate, driving the tray seat 211 to move downward into the annular material cavity;

[0074] It should be noted that to ensure complete grinding of the soil sample, during the grinding process, the control mechanism can synchronously drive the lifting cylinder 26 to perform lifting movement while driving the grinding motor to operate, so as to change the height position of the grinding paddle in the sample box 23 to ensure comprehensive and thorough grinding treatment of the soil sample inside the sample box 23.

[0075] Screening process:

[0076] The control mechanism drives the rotary motor 25 to operate, driving the lower supporting disc 21 to rotate and causing the tray seat 211 to rotate to the lower part of the cylinder seat 223 corresponding to the second screening mechanism 7. At this time, the rotary motor 25 stops operating. The control mechanism drives the lifting cylinder 26 to drive the tray seat 211 and the sample box 23 to move upward for a certain distance, so that a part of the tray seat 211 is embedded in the cylinder cavity of the cylinder seat 223 to form a closed treatment space. Subsequently, the control mechanism drives the screening fan of the second screening mechanism 7 to operate. The soil sample is sucked into the screening fan through the second suction port 72 under the suction of the screening fan and is screened through the second sieve. The soil sample with a particle size larger than the aperture of the second sieve is conveyed to the waste box 24 through the second waste port 74, and the soil sample that meets the requirements is stored in the second screening mechanism 7 after passing through the second sieve, waiting to be conveyed to the collection mechanism 8 through the second sample port 73 later; The screening fan stops operating, and the control mechanism drives the lifting cylinder 26 to operate, driving the tray seat 211 to move downward into the annular material cavity;

[0077] It should be noted that during this process, since the tray seat 211 under the sample box 23 is provided with a weighing component 2111, it can be judged whether the soil sample is completely sucked into the second screening mechanism 7 for screening through the weighing component 2111.

[0078] Collection process:

[0079] The control mechanism drives the rotary motor 25 to operate, driving the lower supporting disc 21 to rotate and causing the tray seat 211 to rotate to the lower part of the cylinder seat 223 corresponding to the collection mechanism 8. At this time, the rotary motor 25 stops operating. The control mechanism drives the lifting cylinder 26 to drive the tray seat 211 and the sample box 23 to move upward for a certain distance, so that part of the tray seat 211 is embedded in the cylinder cavity of the cylinder seat 223 to form a closed processing space. Subsequently, the control mechanism drives the feeding component in the second screening mechanism 7 to operate. The soil sample stored in the second screening mechanism 7 is sent into the lower sample box 23 through the second sample port 73 and the aggregate inlet 82. After the soil sample is completely sent into the sample box 23, the control mechanism drives the lifting cylinder 26 to operate, driving the tray seat 211 to move downward into the annular material cavity. The control mechanism drives the rotary motor 25 to operate, driving the lower supporting disc 21 to rotate and causing the tray seat 211 to rotate to the lower part of the sample outlet cylinder 222. At this time, the rotary motor 25 stops operating. The lifting cylinder 26 drives the tray seat 211 and the sample box 23 to move upward along the sample outlet cylinder 222 until it reaches the position of the sample outlet 12. The operator takes out the prepared sample box 23 at the sample outlet 12 and conducts sub-packaging treatment on it, finally completing the preparation of the soil sample.

[0080] Cleaning process:

[0081] After the preparation of the soil sample is completed, the control mechanism drives the purge fan 91 of the purge mechanism 9 to operate. The purge fan 91 simultaneously purges and removes dust from the sample inlet cylinder 221, the air-drying mechanism 3, the crushing mechanism 4, the first screening mechanism 5, the grinding mechanism 6, the second screening mechanism 7, the aggregate mechanism, the sample outlet cylinder 222, and the annular material cavity through the purge pipeline 92 and the sample inlet purge port, air-drying purge port 31, crushing purge port 41, first screening purge port 51, grinding purge port 61, second screening purge port 71, aggregate purge port 81, and sample outlet purge port connected to the purge pipeline 92, so as to avoid the dust and fine particles of the soil sample remaining and adhering inside the cavity during the processing, causing cross-contamination in the next preparation of the soil sample. During the cleaning process, the air-drying motor of the air-drying mechanism 3 and the screening fans of the first screening mechanism 5 and the second screening mechanism 7 operate synchronously to purge and clean the pipelines inside the air-drying mechanism 3, the first screening mechanism 5, and the second screening mechanism 7.

[0082] The corresponding components are replaced through the air intake filter element replacement interface, the air outlet filter element replacement port 14, the first screen replacement port 15, the second screen replacement port 16, and the waste box replacement port 17 on the top wall of the machine shell 1.

[0083] In summary, the soil sample preparation device provided by the present utility model does not require manual rolling or knocking treatment of soil samples, effectively reducing the labor intensity of operators during the soil sample preparation process, avoiding damage to the health of operators caused by dust during the preparation process, and being simple and convenient to operate, improving the preparation efficiency of soil samples, shortening the sample preparation time, and effectively avoiding cross-contamination during the sample preparation process, ensuring the representativeness and accuracy of sample preparation.

[0084] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and do not limit the patent scope of the present utility model accordingly. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the present utility model should still fall within the scope covered by the present utility model.

Claims

1. A soil sample preparation device, characterized in that: include A casing (1), wherein the casing (1) is provided with a sample inlet (11) and a sample outlet (12); A material tray mechanism (2), the material tray mechanism (2) comprising a lower supporting disc (21) and an upper cover ring disc (22) coaxially rotatably connected, and a sample material box (23), an annular material cavity for transporting the sample material box (23) to different processing steps is formed between the lower supporting disc (21) and the upper cover ring disc (22), and the upper cover ring disc (22) is fixedly arranged in the casing (1); An air drying mechanism (3), the air drying mechanism (3) being fixedly connected to the upper cover ring disc (22) and being in communication with the annular material chamber; A crushing mechanism (4), the crushing mechanism (4) being fixedly connected to the upper cover ring disc (22) and being in communication with the annular material chamber; A first screening mechanism (5), the first screening mechanism (5) being fixedly connected to the upper cover ring disc (22) and being in communication with the annular material chamber; A grinding mechanism (6), the grinding mechanism (6) being fixedly connected to the upper cover ring disk (22) and being in communication with the annular material chamber; a second screening mechanism (7), the second screening mechanism (7) being fixedly connected to the upper cover ring disc (22) and being in communication with the annular material chamber; A collecting mechanism (8), the collecting mechanism (8) being fixedly connected to the upper cover ring disc (22) and being in communication with the annular material chamber; A purge mechanism (9), wherein the purge mechanism (9) is fixedly connected to the upper cover ring disc (22), and is connected to the air drying mechanism (3), the crushing mechanism (4), the first screening mechanism (5), the grinding mechanism (6), the second screening mechanism (7), and the collecting mechanism (8) through pipelines.

2. The soil sample preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower supporting disc (21) is provided with a material disc seat (211) located in the annular material cavity and capable of being raised and lowered. The sample material box (23) is placed in the material disc seat (211). A weighing component (2111) is provided at the bottom of the material disc seat (211).

3. The soil sample preparation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper cover ring disk (22) is provided with a sample injection cylinder (221) and a sample output cylinder (222) which are in communication with the annular material cavity, and a plurality of cylinder seats (223) which are spaced apart along the circumferential direction; the sample injection cylinder (221), the sample output cylinder (222) and the cylinder seat (223) are all provided with a cylinder cavity which is compatible with the material disk seat (211); The sample injection cylinder (221) is arranged opposite to the sample injection port (11), the sample outlet cylinder (222) is arranged opposite to the sample outlet port (12), and a plurality of cylinder seats (223) are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the air drying mechanism (3), the crushing mechanism (4), the first screening mechanism (5), the grinding mechanism (6), the second screening mechanism (7), and the collecting mechanism (8).

4. The soil sample preparation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The purge mechanism (9) comprises a purge fan (91) and a purge pipeline (92) connected to each other, and the purge fan (91) is fixedly connected to the upper cover ring disk (22); The sample inlet cylinder (221) is provided with a sample inlet purge port connected to the purge pipeline (92); the sample outlet cylinder (222) is provided with a sample outlet purge port connected to the purge pipeline (92); the air drying mechanism (3) is provided with an air drying purge port (31) connected to the purge pipeline (92); the crushing mechanism (4) is provided with a crushing purge port (41) connected to the purge pipeline (92); the first screening mechanism (5) is provided with a first screening purge port (51) connected to the purge pipeline (92); the grinding mechanism (6) is provided with a grinding purge port (61) connected to the purge pipeline (92); the second screening mechanism (7) is provided with a second screening purge port (71) connected to the purge pipeline (92); and the collecting mechanism (8) is provided with an aggregate purge port (81) connected to the purge pipeline (92).

5. The soil sample preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A waste material box (24) in communication with the annular material cavity is arranged at the center of the upper cover ring disk (22); The inner ring side wall of the upper cover ring disk (22) is provided with a plurality of dust ports (224) in communication with the annular material cavity, and the waste material box (24) is provided with a plurality of dust collection ports (241) corresponding to the dust ports (224).

6. The soil sample preparation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first screening mechanism (5) is provided with a first material suction port (52), a first material sample port (53), and a first waste material port (54); the first material suction port (52) is connected to the annular material cavity, the first material sample port (53) is connected to the grinding mechanism (6), and the first waste material port (54) is connected to the waste material box (24).

7. The soil sample preparation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second screening mechanism (7) is provided with a second material suction port (72), a second material sample port (73), and a second waste port (74); the second material suction port (72) is connected to the annular material cavity, the second material sample port (73) is connected to the collecting mechanism (8), and the second waste port (74) is connected to the waste box (24).

8. The soil sample preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing mechanism (4) is provided with a rotatable crushing paddle, and the crushing paddle comprises a rotating shaft (42), and a crushing roller (43) and a scraping and grinding paddle (44) arranged at the end of the rotating shaft (42); A plurality of the crushing rollers (43) and the scraping blades (44) are provided, and are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction with the rotating shaft (42) as the axis circle.

9. The soil sample preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding mechanism (6) is provided with a rotatable grinding paddle, and the grinding paddle comprises a grinding shaft (62) and a grinding roller (63) arranged at the end of the grinding shaft (62); A plurality of grinding rollers (63) are provided, and are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction with the grinding shaft (62) as the axis.

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