Device for detecting boundary dimension and position of wheel set

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of wheel set detection, in particular to a device for detecting the boundary dimension and position of a wheel set, which comprises a base, a bracket, a second distance measuring instrument and a third distance measuring instrument, the second distance measuring instrument is mounted on the bracket; the measuring direction of the second distance measuring instrument is aligned with the top of the axle body of the wheel set; the third distance measuring instrument is mounted on the base; and the measuring direction of the third distance measuring instrument is aligned with the bottom of the axle body of the wheel set. The device is simple in structure and high in reliability, the position placement information of the wheel set on the detection equipment can be easily obtained, the boundary dimension information of the wheel set can be obtained through the combination of data measured by a plurality of distance measuring instruments, and the model of the wheel set can be obtained according to the boundary parameters. Therefore, the detection device can subsequently match the corresponding wheel set model for detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of wheel set detection, in particular to a device for detecting the external shape size and position of a wheel set. Background Art

[0002] The train wheel sets of high-speed railways, bullet trains and freight trains need to be detected regularly. During a series of detections, drop wheel detection is required. When the detection equipment detects the wheel set, it needs to know the basic dimension information of the wheel set and judge the position information of the wheel set on the detection equipment. During the drop wheel detection of the wheel set, the detection equipment often needs to manually input the basic dimension information of the wheel set. If the manual input is incorrect, there is a possibility of collision between the detection equipment and the wheel set. The wheel set detection instrument often detects the axis, journal, bearing, rim, flange and axle body of the wheel set through a linear module. Due to the lack of the basic dimension information and position information of the wheel set, it is difficult to automatically plan the path of the linear module, resulting in low detection efficiency. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] In view of this, the utility model provides a device for detecting the external shape size and position of a wheel set, aiming to apply it to the wheel set detection equipment, provide the basic dimension information and position information of the wheel set for the wheel set detection equipment, provide convenience for the subsequent detection items of the wheel set detection equipment, and improve the operation efficiency of the wheel set detection equipment.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0005] A device for detecting the external shape size and position of a wheel set includes a base, a bracket, a second distance measuring instrument and a third distance measuring instrument; the second distance measuring instrument is installed on the bracket; the measuring direction of the second distance measuring instrument is aligned with the top of the axle body of the wheel set; the third distance measuring instrument is installed on the base; the measuring direction of the third distance measuring instrument is aligned with the bottom of the axle body of the wheel set.

[0006] In some embodiments, it further includes a first distance measuring instrument, which is installed on the bracket and is arranged at a certain distance from the second distance measuring instrument, and the measuring direction of the first distance measuring instrument is aligned with the top of the axle body of the wheel set.

[0007] In some embodiments, the third distance measuring instrument is adjustably installed on the base.

[0008] In some embodiments, it further includes a fourth distance measuring instrument, which is installed on the base and is arranged at a certain distance from the third distance measuring instrument, and the measuring direction of the fourth distance measuring instrument is aligned with the bottom of one of the axles of the wheel set or the bottom of the bearing installed on the axle.

[0009] In some embodiments, a fifth distance measuring instrument is further included. The fifth distance measuring instrument is installed on the base and is arranged at a certain distance from the third distance measuring instrument. The measuring direction of the fifth distance measuring instrument is aligned with the bottom of the other journal of the wheel set or the bottom of the bearing installed on the journal.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first distance measuring instrument, the second distance measuring instrument, the third distance measuring instrument, the fourth distance measuring instrument and the fifth distance measuring instrument are all laser rangefinders.

[0011] In summary, compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The structure of the present utility model is simple and highly reliable. It is not only easy to know the position placement information of the wheel set on the detection device, but also can know the external dimension information of the wheel set through the combination of the measurement data of multiple distance measuring instruments, and can know the model of the wheel set according to the external dimension parameters, so that the detection device can subsequently match the corresponding wheel set model for detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model when detecting the external dimensions and position of the wheel set.

[0013] Figure 2 Based on Figure 1 it shows the schematic measurement distances between each distance measuring instrument and the corresponding parts of the wheel set.

[0014] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the bracket in the present utility model.

[0015] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of each part to be measured of the wheel set in the present utility model.

[0016] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the base in the present utility model.

[0017] The interpretations of each label in the figure are as follows: base 1, bracket 2, wheel set 3, journal 31, journal diameter D1, wheel rim 32, wheel rim diameter D2, wheel flange 33, wheel flange diameter D3, axle body 34, axle body diameter D4, bearing 35, bearing diameter D5, axis 36, axis height L, first distance measuring instrument 41, second distance measuring instrument 42, third distance measuring instrument 43, fourth distance measuring instrument 44, fifth distance measuring instrument 45. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0018] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the specific embodiments.

[0019] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that for the orientation description, such as the orientation or positional relationship indicated by up, down, front, back, left, right, etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0020] In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "several" is one or more, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, and understandings such as "greater than", "less than", "exceeding", etc. do not include the present number, and understandings such as "above", "below", "within", etc. include the present number. If there are descriptions of similar terms such as "first", "second", etc., they are only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features or the sequence relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0021] In the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as "set", "installed", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0022] Generally, as Figure 4 shown, the wheel set 3 generally includes an axle and wheels. Among them, the axis 36 of the axle refers to the rotation center of the axle. The end of the axle is usually a journal 31, and a bearing 35 is usually installed on the journal 31. The middle part of the axle is mainly the axle body 34. Between the journal 31 and the axle body 34 is usually the wheel seat, and the wheel is installed on the wheel seat. The rim 32 part of the wheel is mainly divided into the inner flange 33 part and the outer tread part, and the rim diameter usually refers to the tread diameter.

[0023] As Figure 1 shown, a device for detecting the external dimensions and positions of a wheel set according to an embodiment of the present application includes a base 1, a bracket 2, a second distance measuring instrument 42, and a third distance measuring instrument 43.

[0024] Among them, as Figure 5 shown, the base 1 is usually one or more flat support members installed on the ground or other reference planes, mainly used as an installation reference or support platform for other components. The wheel set 3 to be detected is placed on the base 1. A special position for placing the wheel set 3 can be preset on the base 1, and some limiting structures or positioning mechanisms can also be correspondingly set here, so that after the wheel set 3 is placed here, its specific position information relative to the base 1 can be known.

[0025] The third distance measuring instrument 43 is installed on the base 1, and the measuring direction of the third distance measuring instrument 43 is aligned with the bottom of the axle body 34 of the wheel set 3. Preferably, the third distance measuring instrument 43 is installed directly below the axle body 34, and the measuring direction of the third distance measuring instrument 43 is perpendicular to the axis 36 of the axle, so as to measure the distance between the bottom of the axle body 34 and the upper surface of the base 1. For the convenience of description, this distance is referred to as C3.

[0026] It should be noted that the third distance measuring instrument 43 itself may be installed at a certain distance above or below the upper surface of the base 1. Therefore, when taking the value of C3, the distance difference between the third distance measuring instrument 43 and the upper surface of the base 1 needs to be added to the measured data. This difference can be measured and confirmed after installing the third distance measuring instrument 43, so that the value of C3 is equal to the distance between the bottom of the axle body 34 and the upper surface of the base 1. The value-taking of other distance measuring instruments also follows the same rule and will not be elaborated in detail later.

[0027] As Figure 3 shown, the bracket 2 can be a portal frame structure or a gantry, so as to facilitate the wheel set 3 to be detected to be placed below it.

[0028] The second distance measuring instrument 42 is installed on the bracket 2, and the measuring direction of the second distance measuring instrument 42 is aligned with the top of the axle body 34 of the wheel set 3. Preferably, the second distance measuring instrument 42 is installed directly above the axle body 34, and the measuring direction of the second distance measuring instrument 42 is perpendicular to the axis 36 of the axle, so as to measure the distance between the top of the axle body 34 and the lower surface of the bracket 2. For the convenience of description, this distance is referred to as C2.

[0029] Correspondingly, the value-taking of C2 also needs to consider the distance difference between the second distance measuring instrument 42 and the lower surface of the bracket 2, so that the value of C2 is equal to the distance between the top of the axle body 34 and the lower surface of the bracket 2.

[0030] For the detection of the wheel set 3, the height of its axis 36 relative to the upper surface of the base 1, that is, the axis height, is a very important piece of data. The position information and other external dimension information of the wheel set can be obtained based on the axis height.

[0031] Since the dimension data of the base 1 and the bracket 2 have been measured and recorded after installation, therefore, the dimension data of the base 1 and the bracket 2 can be used as the data reference for other distance measuring instruments. Here, as Figure 2As shown, the distance H between the lower surface of the support 2 and the upper surface of the base 1 is known. After placing the wheel set 3 to be detected on the base 1, the third distance measuring instrument 43 measures the distance C3 between the bottom of the axle body 34 and the upper surface of the base 1, and the second distance measuring instrument 42 measures the distance C2 between the top of the axle body 34 and the lower surface of the support 2. Then, the axle body diameter D4 = H - C3 - C2, and the axis height L = D4÷2 + C3. Through the axis height L, the basic position information of the wheel set 3 relative to the base 1 can be known. The rim diameter D3 is the axis height L plus a fixed compensation value, that is, D3 = L + fixed compensation value. The rim diameter D2 and the rim diameter D3 have a fixed difference. Therefore, as long as the value of the rim diameter D3 is known, the rim diameter D2 can be deduced.

[0032] To avoid affecting the detection result due to improper placement of the wheel set 3 during detection, a first distance measuring instrument 41 can be further installed on the support 2 in comparison with the second distance measuring instrument 42. The measuring direction of the first distance measuring instrument 41 also aims at the top of the axle body 34 of the wheel set 3. Preferably, the first distance measuring instrument 41 is installed directly above the axle body 34, and the measuring direction of the first distance measuring instrument 41 is perpendicular to the axis 36 of the axle, and the first distance measuring instrument 41 and the second distance measuring instrument 42 are located in the same horizontal plane to measure the distance between the top of the axle body 34 and the lower surface of the support 2. For the convenience of description, this distance is called C1. The value-taking rule of C1 refers to that of C2. However, the first distance measuring instrument 41 and the second distance measuring instrument 42 are set at a certain distance apart. Therefore, the first distance measuring instrument 41 and the second distance measuring instrument 42 measure different positions at the top of the axle body 34 of the wheel set 3 respectively. For example, one measures the left end and the other measures the right end. Therefore, one of the first distance measuring instrument 41 and the second distance measuring instrument 42 is installed on the left side of the support 2, and the other is installed on the right side of the support 2. At this time, the axle body diameter D4 = H - C3 - (C1 + C2)÷2, and the axis height L = D4÷2 + C3. Obviously, the value-taking results of the axle body diameter D4 and the axis height L at this time are more reliable.

[0033] By comparing the difference between C1 and C2, it can also be used to determine whether the wheel set 3 is properly placed. If the difference between C1 and C2 is zero or within a very small range, it is determined that the wheel set 3 has been placed flat and in place; if the difference between C1 and C2 is within a relatively large range, it is determined that the wheel set 3 is not properly placed, and the attitude of the wheel set 3 needs to be adjusted. The placement angle of the axle body 34 can also be specifically calculated through C1, C2, and the distance between the first distance measuring instrument 41 and the second distance measuring instrument 42. The calculation method is relatively simple and is known to those skilled in the art, so it will not be elaborated here. Additionally, if the difference between C1 and C2 is within a relatively large range, in addition to the possible situation that the wheel set 3 is not properly placed, there is also a small possibility that the bracket 2 is tilted, resulting in the first distance measuring instrument 41 and the second distance measuring instrument 42 not being in the same horizontal plane. At this time, other means can be further used to measure the bracket 2 to determine whether the bracket 2 is tilted. However, the probability of the bracket 2 tilting is very small, and the influence of the tilt of the bracket 2 on the values of C1 and C2 is relatively large. It is possible to generally determine whether the wheel set 3 is not properly placed or the bracket 2 is tilted based on the range of the difference between C1 and C2. If the difference is small, it is mostly that the wheel set 3 is not properly placed; if the difference is large, it is mostly that the bracket 2 is tilted.

[0034] The third distance measuring instrument 43 can also preferably be installed on the base 1 in a position-adjustable manner. For example, it is driven by a mechanism capable of performing a linear telescopic movement, such as a hydraulic telescopic cylinder, an electric telescopic cylinder, a pneumatic telescopic cylinder, a rack and pinion mechanism, a lead screw and nut mechanism, etc., to reciprocate along the axis 36 of the wheel set 3 on the base 1. The purpose of designing the third distance measuring instrument 43 to be position-adjustable is to avoid the influence of other objects below the wheel set 3 on its measurement. For example, some mechanisms below the axle body 34, such as a brake assembly, may be large in size and affect the measurement of the axle body 34 by the third distance measuring instrument 43. Therefore, by designing the third distance measuring instrument 43 to be position-adjustable, the position of the third distance measuring instrument 43 can be moved to avoid the blocking part and ensure that the axle body 34 can be measured.

[0035] A fourth distance measuring instrument 44 can also be installed on the base 1. The fourth distance measuring instrument 44 is arranged at a certain distance from the third distance measuring instrument 43. For example, the fourth distance measuring instrument 44 is installed on the left side of the third distance measuring instrument 43. The measuring direction of the fourth distance measuring instrument 44 is aligned with the bottom of one of the axle necks 31 of the axle of the wheel set 3. For example, it is Figure 2At the bottom of the journal 31 at the left end, preferably, a fourth distance measuring instrument 44 is installed directly below the left-end journal 31, and the measuring direction of the fourth distance measuring instrument 44 is perpendicular to the axis 36 of the axle, so as to measure the distance between the bottom of the journal 31 and the upper surface of the base 1. For the sake of description, this distance is called C4. Correspondingly, the value of C4 also needs to consider the distance difference between the fourth distance measuring instrument 44 and the upper surface of the base 1, so that the value of C4 is equal to the distance between the bottom of the journal 31 and the upper surface of the base 1. The diameter of the journal 31 can be measured by the fourth distance measuring instrument 44, and the journal diameter D1 = (L - C4) × 2.

[0036] As mentioned above, there is a journal 31 at each end of the axle of the wheel set 3. When the wheel set 3 enters the maintenance station, a bearing 35 may be installed on one of the journals 31. Here, it is assumed that the bearing 35 is installed on the right-end journal 31. To detect the diameter of the bearing 35, a fifth distance measuring instrument 45 can also be installed on the base 1. The fifth distance measuring instrument 45 is arranged at a certain distance from the third distance measuring instrument 43. For example, the fifth distance measuring instrument 45 is installed on the right side of the third distance measuring instrument 43, and the measuring direction of the fifth distance measuring instrument 45 is aligned with the bottom of the bearing 35 of the wheel set 3. Preferably, the fifth distance measuring instrument 45 is installed directly below the bearing 35, and the measuring direction of the fifth distance measuring instrument 45 is perpendicular to the axis 36 of the axle, so as to measure the distance between the bottom of the bearing 35 and the upper surface of the base 1. For the sake of description, this distance is called C5. Correspondingly, the value of C5 also needs to consider the distance difference between the fifth distance measuring instrument 45 and the upper surface of the base 1, so that the value of C5 is equal to the distance between the bottom of the bearing 35 and the upper surface of the base 1. The diameter of the bearing 35 can be measured by the fifth distance measuring instrument 45, and the bearing diameter D5 = (L - C5) × 2.

[0037] It should be additionally noted that the fourth distance measuring instrument 44 and the fifth distance measuring instrument 45 are respectively used to measure the journal 31 at both ends of the axle of the wheel set 3 or the bearing 35 on the journal 31. Therefore, it is possible to judge whether a bearing 35 is installed on the journal 31 according to the difference between C4 and C5. If there is no obvious difference between C4 and C5, it means that no bearing 35 is installed on the journals 31 at both ends; if there is an obvious difference between C4 and C5, it means that a bearing 35 is installed on one end (for example, the right end) of the journal 31. It should be particularly noted that it is impossible for bearings 35 to be installed on the journals 31 at both ends simultaneously.

[0038] In addition, it should be noted that the bearing 35 may also be installed on the left end journal 31. In this case, the value of C4 is the distance between the bottom of the bearing 35 and the upper surface of the base 1, and the value of C5 is the distance between the bottom of the journal 31 and the upper surface of the base 1. Correspondingly, the bearing diameter D5 = (L - C4) × 2, and the journal diameter D1 = (L - C5) × 2.

[0039] The above-mentioned first distance measuring instrument 41, second distance measuring instrument 42, third distance measuring instrument 43, fourth distance measuring instrument 44 and fifth distance measuring instrument 45 can all be selected as laser rangefinders. The laser rangefinder can measure the distance to the target by modulating a certain parameter of the laser. The laser rangefinder is light in weight, small in volume, simple and fast to operate and accurate. As an option, the laser rangefinder can adopt the laser sensor of model LR-TB5000C produced by Keyence (China) Co., Ltd.

[0040] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope described in this specification.

[0041] The above preferred embodiments should not be regarded as limitations on the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. For those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can still be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the outer dimensions and position of a wheelset, characterized in that: It comprises a base (1), a bracket (2), a second distance measuring instrument (42) and a third distance measuring instrument (43); The second distance measuring instrument (42) is mounted on the bracket (2); the measuring direction of the second distance measuring instrument (42) is aligned with the top of the axle body (34) of the wheelset (3); The third distance measuring instrument (43) is mounted on the base (1); the measuring direction of the third distance measuring instrument (43) is aligned with the bottom of the axle body (34) of the wheelset (3).

2. A device for detecting the outer dimensions and position of a wheelset according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first distance measuring instrument (41), which is mounted on the bracket (2) and is arranged at a certain distance from the second distance measuring instrument (42), and the measuring direction of the first distance measuring instrument (41) is aligned with the top of the axle body (34) of the wheelset (3).

3. A device for detecting the outer dimensions and position of a wheelset according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third distance measuring instrument (43) is mounted on the base (1) in an adjustable manner.

4. A device for detecting the outer dimensions and position of a wheelset according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: It also includes a fourth distance measuring instrument (44), which is mounted on the base (1) and is arranged at a certain distance from the third distance measuring instrument (43), and the measuring direction of the fourth distance measuring instrument (44) is aligned with the bottom of one of the journals (31) of the wheelset (3) or with the bottom of a bearing (35) mounted on the journal (31).

5. A device for detecting the outer dimensions and position of a wheelset as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a fifth distance measuring instrument (45), which is mounted on the base (1) and is arranged at a certain distance from the third distance measuring instrument (43), and the measuring direction of the fifth distance measuring instrument (45) is aligned with the bottom of another journal (31) of the wheelset (3) or with the bottom of a bearing (35) mounted on the journal (31).

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