Self-driven bolt looseness monitoring device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a self-driven bolt looseness monitoring device which comprises a bolt sleeve, a shell, a spring, a limiting pin, a movable clamping ring and a friction nanometer power generation mechanism. The bolt sleeve sleeves the bolt and rotates along with the bolt; the shell and the outer wall of the bolt sleeve are coaxially arranged and can rotate and move, and the bottom of the shell is fixedly connected to the surface of a bolt mounting position; the movable clamping ring is arranged between the bolt sleeve and the shell and can be movably connected with the shell in a lifting mode. The spring is arranged on the outer wall of the bolt sleeve in a sleeving mode and located above the movable clamping ring. A transverse clamping groove is formed in the movable clamping ring, a notch is formed in the top of the side, corresponding to the loosening and rotating direction of the bolt, of the transverse clamping groove, and a limiting pin is fixed to the side of the bolt sleeve and embedded into the transverse clamping groove. The friction nanometer power generation mechanism is installed between the movable clamping ring and the bolt sleeve. According to the utility model, after the bolt is loosened, the movable snap ring generates oscillation motion to cause friction to generate electricity, so that an electric signal is generated, and the bolt loosening is monitored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model is applied to the technical field of bolt loosening detection, and particularly relates to a self-driven bolt loosening monitoring device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the industrial Internet of Things, many monitoring devices in engineering have started to develop towards multi-point distribution and active sensing. For large-scale infrastructure such as bridges and railway tracks, as well as large mechanical equipment such as motor vehicles and trains, a large number of bolts are used to fix the components of each piece of equipment. The tightness of these bolts plays a crucial role in the normal operation of the equipment. Sometimes, the tightness problem of a single bolt may lead to serious failures of the equipment and even cause personal and property losses. Therefore, regular inspection of the bolt tightness is an essential task. At present, most inspections adopt manual maintenance and electronic sensor monitoring methods. However, the traditional wired connection and battery-powered monitoring technologies cannot meet the increasing monitoring requirements. For traditional electronic monitoring methods, there are many problems in the layout of the sensor network, the installation of nodes, and the power consumption. This not only results in high manual maintenance costs but also exacerbates environmental pollution. Therefore, the development of self-driven sensing technology without battery power has become a key issue in the development of the next-generation bolt monitoring device. For this reason, based on the triboelectric nanogenerator technology, a self-driven bolt monitoring device has been invented. This device does not require battery power. When the bolt loosens, the mechanical energy generated by the device will be converted into an electrical signal for monitoring bolt loosening. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The utility model provides a self-driven bolt loosening monitoring device, which generates an oscillating motion inside the device by means of bolt loosening to trigger the triboelectric effect, thereby generating an electrical signal, and does not require an external power supply to supply power to the sensor, and can effectively monitor bolt loosening.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0005] A self-driven bolt loosening monitoring device, comprising a bolt sleeve, a housing, a spring, a limit pin, a movable snap ring and a triboelectric nanogenerator; the bolt sleeve is sleeved on the bolt and rotates with the bolt, and a flange is formed by the top of the bolt sleeve extending outward; the housing is coaxially arranged with the outer wall of the bolt sleeve and can rotate and move, and the bottom of the housing is fixedly connected to the surface of the bolt installation position; an annular cavity is formed between the inner wall of the housing and the outer wall below the flange of the bolt sleeve; the movable snap ring is arranged between the bolt sleeve and the housing and can be connected with the housing in a lifting and lowering manner; the spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the bolt sleeve and is located above the movable snap ring, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the top of the movable snap ring, and the other end of the spring abuts against the lower end surface of the top of the bolt sleeve; a transverse card slot is arranged on the movable snap ring, a notch is arranged at the top of one side corresponding to the loosening rotation direction of the bolt, a limit pin is fixedly arranged on the side of the bolt sleeve, and the limit pin is embedded in the transverse card slot; the triboelectric nanogenerator is installed between the movable snap ring and the bolt sleeve and is used for generating an electric signal by forming a triboelectric effect when the movable snap ring moves up and down.

[0006] Further, the triboelectric nanogenerator comprises a positive friction layer, a negative friction layer and a conductive electrode sheet; the conductive electrode sheet is fixedly attached to the inner wall of the bottom of the bolt sleeve, the negative friction layer is fixedly attached to the outer wall of the conductive electrode sheet, and the positive friction layer is fixedly attached to the inner wall of the movable snap ring; one end of the conductive electrode sheet is connected to an external electric signal acquisition mechanism.

[0007] Further, both the positive friction layer and the conductive electrode sheet are made of copper films.

[0008] Further, the negative friction layer is made of a circular thin film of polytetrafluoroethylene material.

[0009] Further, there is a gap between the positive friction layer and the negative friction layer.

[0010] Further, the cross-section of the bolt sleeve is in a T-shaped structure, the vertical end of the T-shaped bolt sleeve is provided with a cylindrical sleeve at the bottom, and a convex block for clamping with the top groove of the bolt is arranged on the inner top end surface of the sleeve; the limit pin is horizontally fixedly connected to the vertical end of the T-shaped bolt sleeve.

[0011] Further, the length of the vertical end of the T-shaped bolt sleeve is greater than the sum of the length after the spring is reset and the height of the movable snap ring.

[0012] Furthermore, the shell is configured as a hollow circular ring structure, the shell is coaxially arranged with the T-shaped vertical end of the bolt sleeve, the T-shaped vertical end of the bolt sleeve and the inner wall of the shell form the annular cavity; the movable snap ring is coaxially slidably embedded in the shell, a limit bar is fixedly connected to the inside of the shell in the vertical direction, the outer wall of the movable snap ring is provided with a guide groove, the position of the guide groove corresponds to the limit bar, so that the movable snap ring can only be lifted and slid along the limit bar.

[0013] Furthermore, the bolt sleeve, the housing, and the movable retaining ring are all made of insulating materials.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0015] 1) After the bolt is loosened, the utility model drives the bolt sleeve to rotate, so that the limit pin rotates along the transverse groove and escapes from the notch. The movable retaining ring oscillates and reciprocates under the elastic force of the spring, thereby driving the friction nano-mechanism to generate friction electricity and transfer charge, thereby generating a voltage signal in the process of charge transfer and transmitting it to the outside. This signal can be directly used to monitor the looseness of the bolt.

[0016] 2) The generated sensing signal is a characteristic continuous fluctuation signal, which is superior to a single pulse signal and greatly reduces the interference of external signals.

[0017] 3) The utility model is based on a non-contact friction nanogenerator structure, which can greatly reduce the wear of the friction layer and improve the reliability and service life of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The specific implementation of the utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional diagram when the housing is omitted in the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a front view of the present invention when the housing is omitted;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the cross-section state of the utility model and a partial enlarged diagram of the state;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the charge transfer during the vibration of the movable clamp ring in the utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a waveform diagram of the electrical signal generated during the vibration of the movable clamp ring in the utility model;

[0025] Attached drawing reference signs:

[0026] 1 - Bolt sleeve, 2 - Housing, 3 - Spring, 4 - Limit pin, 5 - Movable snap ring, 6 - Limit strip, 7 - Positive friction layer, 8 - Negative friction layer, 9 - Conductive electrode sheet. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the attached drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0028] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may also be an intermediate component. When a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intermediate component at the same time. When a component is considered to be "disposed on" another component, it can be directly disposed on the other component or there may be an intermediate component at the same time. When a component is referred to as being "disposed in the middle", it is not only disposed at the exact middle position, as long as it is not disposed at the two end parts, it belongs to the range defined by the middle part. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration.

[0029] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present utility model belongs. The terms used in the description of the present utility model herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0030] Refer to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a self - driving bolt loosening monitoring device includes a bolt sleeve 1, a housing 2, a spring 3, a limit pin 4, a movable snap ring 5 and a triboelectric nanogenerator mechanism.

[0031] The bolt sleeve 1 has a cylindrical structure, and a flange extends outward from the top, making the cross-section in a T-shaped structure. The vertical end of the T-shaped bolt sleeve 1 is provided with a cylindrical sleeve at the bottom. A convex block that engages with the top groove of the bolt is provided on the inner top end face of the sleeve, so that the bolt sleeve 1 can be sleeved on the bolt and rotate with the bolt. The housing 2 is coaxially arranged with the outer wall of the bolt sleeve 1 and can rotate. The bottom of the housing 2 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the bolt installation position. The limit pin 4 is horizontally and fixedly connected to the vertical end of the T-shaped bolt sleeve 1.

[0032] The housing 2 is provided as a hollow circular ring structure. The housing 2 is coaxially arranged with the vertical end of the T-shaped bolt sleeve 1, so that an annular cavity is formed between the inner wall of the housing 2 and the outer wall below the flange of the bolt sleeve 1. The movable snap ring 5 is arranged between the bolt sleeve 1 and the housing 2 and is coaxially arranged with the housing 2. A limiting strip 6 is fixedly connected in the housing 2 along the vertical direction. A guiding groove is provided on the outer wall of the movable snap ring 5, and the position of the guiding groove corresponds to that of the limiting strip 6, so that the movable snap ring 5 can only slide up and down along the limiting strip 6.

[0033] The spring 3 is sleeved on the outer wall of the vertical end of the T-shaped bolt sleeve 1 and is located above the movable snap ring 5. One end of the spring 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the movable snap ring 5, and the other end of the spring 3 abuts against the lower end face of the flange of the bolt sleeve 1. A horizontal slot is provided on the movable snap ring 5, and a notch is provided at the top of the side corresponding to the loosening rotation direction of the bolt. The limit pin is embedded in the horizontal slot. When the bolt loosens, the bolt sleeve will rotate accordingly. Since the limiting strip 6 restricts the movement of the movable snap ring 5, it can only move in the vertical direction. Therefore, the fixing pin 4 will rotate relative to the snap ring 5. As Figure 5 shown, the right-handed rotation direction of the snap ring 5 corresponds to the loosening direction of the bolt, and there is a notch above the rightmost end. When the fixing pin 4 rotates to the rightmost end of the snap ring 5, since the movable snap ring 5 loses the limiting effect of the limit pin 4, the movable snap ring 5 will move downward under the elastic force of the spring 3. It should be noted that the length of the vertical end of the T-shaped bolt sleeve 1 should be greater than the sum of the reset length of the spring 3 and the height of the movable snap ring 5. Such a design enables the movable snap ring 5 to continue to move upward by means of the reset elastic force of the spring 3 after descending to the limit position, and reciprocates to form an oscillating motion for a period of time.

[0034] The triboelectric nanogenerator is installed between the movable snap ring 5 and the bolt sleeve 1. After the bolt becomes loose in the present utility model, the bolt sleeve 1 is driven to rotate, such that the limit pin 4 rotates along the transverse card slot and disengages from the notch. The movable snap ring 5 oscillates reciprocally under the elastic force of the spring 3, thereby driving the triboelectric nanogenerator to generate electricity by friction and causing charge transfer. Thereby, a voltage signal is generated and transmitted outward during the charge transfer process, and this signal can be directly used to monitor the loosening condition of the bolt.

[0035] The triboelectric nanogenerator includes a positive friction layer 7, a negative friction layer 8, and a conductive electrode sheet 9; wherein, both the positive friction layer 7 and the conductive electrode sheet 9 are made of copper films. The negative friction layer 8 is a thin film made of polytetrafluoroethylene material. The conductive electrode sheet 9 is fixedly attached to the inner wall of the bottom of the bolt sleeve 1, the negative friction layer 8 is fixedly attached to the outer wall of the conductive electrode sheet 9, and the positive friction layer 7 is fixedly attached to the inner wall of the movable snap ring 5; there is a spaced arrangement between the positive friction layer 7 and the negative friction layer 8; one end of the conductive electrode sheet 9 is connected to an external electrical signal acquisition mechanism. When the spring 3 vibrates up and down, relative movement will occur between the positive friction layer 7 and the negative friction layer 8. Two materials with different electronegativities will have relative movement, and charge transfer movement is formed through the electrostatic induction mechanism, and then an electrical signal is generated. Please refer to the figure shown. In the initial state, the negative friction layer 8 and the conductive electrode sheet 9 are in contact and fixed to each other. Based on the triboelectric series, electrons will transfer from the surface of the conductive electrode sheet 9 to the surface of the negative friction layer 8, and the surfaces of the negative friction layer 8 and the conductive electrode sheet 9 will obtain charges with equal amounts and opposite polarities. In this state, the triboelectric nanogenerator is in an electrostatic equilibrium state, and there is no electron flow in the external circuit, as Figure 5 shown in a. When the friction thin film 8 and the positive friction layer 7 start to move relatively, the surfaces between the two gradually overlap, as Figure 5 shown in b. Induced charges are generated on the surface. At this time, the surface of the positive friction layer 7 is positively charged, and current flows from the conductive electrode sheet 9 to the positive friction layer 7; when the positive friction layer 7 and the negative friction layer 8 completely overlap, the surface charge of the positive friction layer 7 has reached saturation. At this time, there is no current in the external circuit, as Figure 5 shown in c; when the positive friction layer 7 moves in the reverse direction, due to the reduction of the overlapping area, the surface charge amount of the positive friction layer 7 decreases. At this time, current flows from the positive friction layer 7 to the conductive electrode sheet 9, as Figure 5 shown in d. As the spring 3 continuously vibrates within a certain period of time, this process will continue to repeat, and as the amplitude decreases, the current signal weakens, forming Figure 6 the signal waveform diagram shown.

[0036] The utility model is based on the non-contact triboelectric nanogenerator technology, which can greatly reduce the wear of the friction layer, improve the reliability and service life of the device; and the generated electrical signal is a characteristic continuous fluctuation signal, which is superior to the single pulse signal and greatly reduces the interference of external signals; the device does not need to be powered on, and can replace the traditional wired connection and battery power supply methods to provide energy for the bolt loosening signal acquisition, solving the wiring and energy supply problems of the sensor network.

[0037] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be covered by the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-driving bolt loosening monitoring device, characterized in that: It includes a bolt sleeve, a shell, a spring, a limit pin, a movable snap ring and a friction nano-power generation mechanism; the bolt sleeve is sleeved on the bolt and rotates with the bolt, and the top of the bolt sleeve extends outward to form a flange; the shell is coaxially arranged with the outer wall of the bolt sleeve and can rotate, and the bottom of the shell is fixedly connected to the surface of the bolt installation position; the inner wall of the shell and the outer wall below the flange of the bolt sleeve form an annular cavity; the movable snap ring is arranged between the bolt sleeve and the shell, and can be movably connected with the shell in lifting and lowering; the spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the bolt sleeve wall, and is located above the movable retaining ring, one end of the spring is fixedly connected to the top of the movable retaining ring, and the other end of the spring abuts against the lower end surface of the flange; the movable retaining ring is provided with a transverse groove, and the transverse groove has a notch on the top of one side corresponding to the loosening rotation direction of the bolt, and a limit pin is fixedly provided on the side of the bolt sleeve, and the limit pin is embedded in the transverse groove; the friction nano-power generation mechanism is installed between the movable retaining ring and the bolt sleeve, and is used to form a friction-generated electric effect when the movable retaining ring is lifted up and down, thereby sending an electrical signal.

2. A self-driving bolt loosening monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction nano power generation mechanism includes a positive friction layer, a negative friction layer and a conductive electrode sheet; the conductive electrode sheet is fixedly attached to the inner wall of the bottom of the bolt sleeve, the negative friction layer is fixedly attached to the outer wall of the conductive electrode sheet, and the positive friction layer is fixedly attached to the inner wall of the movable clamp; one end of the conductive electrode sheet is connected to an external electrical signal acquisition mechanism.

3. A self-driving bolt loosening monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positive electrode friction layer and the conductive electrode sheet are both copper films.

4. A self-driving bolt loosening monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The negative electrode friction layer is an annular film made of polytetrafluoroethylene material.

5. The self-driving bolt loosening monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positive electrode friction layer and the negative electrode friction layer are arranged at an interval.

6. The self-driving bolt loosening monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the bolt sleeve is a T-shaped structure, the T-shaped vertical end of the bolt sleeve is provided with a sleeve with a cylindrical bottom, and the top end surface of the sleeve is provided with a protrusion that engages with the top groove of the bolt; the limit pin is transversely fixedly connected to the T-shaped vertical end of the bolt sleeve.

7. A self-driving bolt loosening monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The length of the T-shaped vertical end of the bolt sleeve is greater than the sum of the length of the spring after it is reset and the height of the movable clamping ring.

8. The self-driving bolt loosening monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shell is configured as a hollow circular ring structure, the shell and the T-shaped vertical end of the bolt sleeve are coaxially arranged, the T-shaped vertical end of the bolt sleeve and the inner wall of the shell form the annular cavity; the movable snap ring is coaxially slidably embedded in the shell, a limit bar is fixedly connected to the inside of the shell in the vertical direction, the outer wall of the movable snap ring is provided with a guide groove, the position of the guide groove corresponds to the limit bar, so that the movable snap ring can only be lifted and slid along the limit bar.

9. The self-driving bolt loosening monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bolt sleeve, shell and movable clamping ring are all made of insulating materials.

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