Grain bulk and grain surface dual-purpose air conditioner special for granary
By designing a special air conditioning main unit and pipeline system for granaries, combined with air supply fan units, evaporators and reheat heat exchangers, cooling and dehumidification treatment between the grain pile and the grain surface is achieved, and the problem of insufficient cold and hot air exchange in the granaries in the existing technology is solved to ensure the quality of grain storage.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422119793.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-29
AI Technical Summary
The existing granary air conditioning device cannot effectively cool the inside of the grain pile, resulting in the damage of the grain due to the increase in temperature. The existing equipment has limited power and insufficient air supply distance, which cannot meet the hot and cold air exchange needs in large granaries.
A special air conditioner for granaries that is both used for grain stacks and grain surfaces is designed, including air conditioning main unit and pipeline system. Through the combination of air supply fan unit, evaporator and reheat heat exchanger, the temperature reduction and dehumidification treatment of grain surfaces and grain stacks is realized. The air supply duct and return air duct are used to send the processed air into the granary to achieve full exchange of hot and cold air.
Effectively cool down the grain piles and grain surfaces, avoid damage to grain due to accumulated heat, meet the full exchange needs of hot and cold air in large granaries, and ensure the quality of grain storage.
Smart Images
Figure CN223040616U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of granary air conditioners, in particular to a special granary air conditioner that can be used for both grain piles and grain surfaces. Background Technique
[0002] With the steady increase in the national granary output, the number of state-owned grain depots and local reserve depots constructed in China has gradually increased. Among them, grain depots are characterized by large floor areas, strong particularity of guarantee equipment, and high operating costs. Due to the large original moisture content of grains, microorganisms will multiply in large numbers under suitable temperature conditions, resulting in internal heat generation and temperature rise of the grains. In order to ensure the storage quality of grains, it is usually necessary to cool the inside of the grain pile.
[0003] At present, the air conditioning devices in grain reserve depots are all transformed from household air conditioners by adding anti-phosphine corrosion design processes. There is no upgrade or transformation from the control system to the structural form. Only by monitoring the microenvironment in the depot and setting the target values of temperature and humidity can the start, stop, and operation of the air conditioner be automatically controlled. However, due to its structural limitations, the existing split household air conditioners can only cool the space above the grain stacking line and cannot cool the inside of the grain pile, which has certain limitations. And the existing integrated air conditioner equipment has limited power, and the air supply distance is usually 5 - 12m, while the span of grain depots in China is generally 21 - 30m and above. Even if more existing integrated machines are installed, it is impossible to meet the condition of full exchange of cold and hot air in the granary, and it is impossible to cool the grain pile and the grain surface, which easily causes heat accumulation of grains and leads to grain damage. Content of the Utility Model
[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a special granary air conditioner that can be used for both grain piles and grain surfaces.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:
[0006] A special granary air conditioner that can be used for both grain piles and grain surfaces includes an air conditioner main unit installed outside the granary and a pipeline system connecting the air conditioner main unit and the inside of the granary;
[0007] The air-conditioning main unit includes a body, an air treatment module, a condensation module, and a circulation module; the body has a closed casing formed at its upper part, a breathable casing formed at its lower part, and a partition plate horizontally arranged between the closed casing and the breathable casing; the closed casing has an air inlet on one side, an air outlet on the other side, and an air duct formed inside it that communicates with the air inlet and the air outlet; the air treatment module includes an evaporator and a reheating heat exchanger stacked on the air inlet side of the air duct, and a supply air fan unit arranged on the air outlet side of the air duct. Under the drive of the supply air fan unit, air flows in from the air inlet, penetrates through the evaporator and the reheating heat exchanger in sequence, and then outputs along the air duct to the air outlet; the condensation module is arranged inside the breathable casing; the circulation module is arranged inside the closed casing and the breathable casing, connecting the condensation module, the evaporator, and the reheating heat exchanger to form a circulation system capable of cooling and dehumidifying.
[0008] The pipeline system includes a supply air duct connecting the air outlet and the inside of the granary, a return air duct connecting the air inlet and the inside of the granary, and a floor ventilation cage arranged inside the granary. One end of the supply air duct penetrating into the granary is provided with a grain surface cooling branch pipe located above the grain pile and a grain pile cooling branch pipe penetrating into the grain pile and communicating with the floor ventilation cage. Air valves are installed on both the grain surface cooling branch pipe and the grain pile cooling branch pipe, and the grain surface cooling branch pipe is formed with grain surface cooling openings; one end of the return air duct penetrating into the granary is located above the grain pile and is formed with a return air opening, and a filter screen is installed on the return air opening; the floor ventilation cage is formed with a number of grain pile cooling holes.
[0009] As a further technical solution of the present invention: PWM flow regulating valves or electric ball valves are respectively arranged at both ends of the reheating heat exchanger.
[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention: the circulation module includes an upper circulation pipeline group connecting the output end of the evaporator and the input end of the condensation module, and a lower circulation pipeline group connecting the output end of the condensation module and the input end of the evaporator. The upper circulation pipeline group is provided with a gas-liquid separator, a compressor, and an oil separator inside it; the lower circulation pipeline group is provided with a liquid receiver, a drying filter, a sight glass, and an expansion valve inside it.
[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention: a low pressure gauge and a low pressure controller are arranged on the pipeline of the upper circulation pipeline group connecting the gas-liquid separator and the evaporator.
[0012] As a further technical solution of the present invention: a high pressure controller and a high pressure gauge are arranged on the pipeline of the upper circulation pipeline group connecting the compressor and the oil separator.
[0013] As a further technical solution of the present invention: there are a total of 3 compressors installed in the circulation module.
[0014] As a further technical solution of the present utility model: the condensation module includes a condenser main body disposed in the breathable housing and two condensation fans arranged side by side on the end face of the breathable housing. By cooperating the condensation fans with the condenser main body, forced heat exchange is achieved.
[0015] As a further technical solution of the present utility model: the evaporator adopts an aluminum tube evaporator or a copper tube evaporator with a surface treatment of an anti-corrosion coating.
[0016] As a further technical solution of the present utility model: the air conditioner main unit is equipped with a floor mounting bracket at the bottom of the machine body for floor mounting; one ends of the air supply duct and the return air duct located outside the granary are both in an L shape, forming a horizontal pipe section for communicating with the air outlet or the air inlet and a vertical pipe section communicating with the horizontal pipe section and one end thereof penetrating into the granary interior.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: the present utility model provides a special air conditioner for granaries that can be used for both grain piles and grain surfaces. Through the cooperation between the air conditioner main unit and the pipeline system, with the operation of the air supply fan unit, the return air duct sucks the air in the granary from the return air outlet and inputs the sucked air into the closed housing from the air inlet. The air flow sequentially penetrates through the evaporator and the reheating heat exchanger, and after cooling treatment when sending air to the grain surface or cooling and dehumidifying treatment when sending air to the grain pile, it is sent into the granary interior through the air supply duct, realizing the full exchange of hot and cold air in the granary, effectively cooling the grain pile and the grain surface, and avoiding damage to the grain due to accumulated heat. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the first installation state of the special air conditioner for granaries that can be used for both grain piles and grain surfaces.
[0019] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the second installation state of the special air conditioner for granaries that can be used for both grain piles and grain surfaces.
[0020] Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration cycle principle of the air conditioner main unit.
[0021] Figure 4 FIG. is a first perspective view of the air conditioner main unit.
[0022] Figure 5 FIG. is a layout diagram of the air treatment module and the condenser main body in the machine body.
[0023] Figure 6 FIG. is a second perspective view of the air conditioner main unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0024] The following is a detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for the purpose of illustration and explanation of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0025] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 6 , a special air conditioner for granaries that can be used for both grain piles and grain surfaces, including an air conditioner main unit 10 installed outside the granary and a pipeline system 20 connecting the air conditioner main unit 10 and the inside of the granary;
[0026] The air conditioner main unit 10 includes a body 11, an air treatment module 12, a condensation module 13 and a circulation module 14; with reference to Figure 4 、 Figure 5 , the body 11 forms a closed casing 111 at its upper part, a breathable casing 112 at its lower part, and a partition plate 113 is horizontally arranged between the closed casing 111 and the breathable casing 112; the closed casing 111 is provided with an air inlet 101 on one side, an air outlet 102 on the other side, and an air duct 103 communicating with the air inlet 101 and the air outlet 102 is formed inside it;
[0027] The air treatment module 12 includes an evaporator 121 and a reheating heat exchanger 122 stacked on the air inlet side of the air duct 103, and a supply air fan unit 123 arranged on the air outlet side of the air duct 103. For under the drive of the supply air fan unit 123, air flow is input from the air inlet 101, and after passing through the evaporator 121 and the reheating heat exchanger 122 in sequence, it is output along the air duct 103 to the air outlet 102;
[0028] The condensation module 13 is arranged in the breathable casing 112; the circulation module 14 is arranged in the closed casing 111 and the breathable casing 112, connecting the condensation module 13, the evaporator 121 and the reheating heat exchanger 122 to form a circulation system capable of cooling and dehumidifying;
[0029] The pipeline system 20 includes a supply air pipe 21 connecting the air outlet 102 and the inside of the granary, a return air pipe 22 connecting the air inlet 101 and the inside of the granary, and a floor ventilation cage 23 arranged inside the granary. One end of the supply air pipe 21 penetrating into the inside of the granary is provided with a grain surface cooling branch pipe 211 located above the grain pile and a grain pile cooling branch pipe 212 penetrating into the grain pile and communicating with the floor ventilation cage 23. Air valves 201 are installed on both the grain surface cooling branch pipe 211 and the grain pile cooling branch pipe 212, and the grain surface cooling branch pipe 211 forms a grain surface cooling port; one end of the return air pipe 22 penetrating into the inside of the granary is located above the grain pile and a return air port is formed on it, and a filter screen 202 is installed on the return air port; the floor ventilation cage 23 forms a number of grain pile cooling holes.
[0030] It can be understood that the working principle of a special air conditioner for a granary that can be used for both grain piles and grain surfaces is as follows: When cooling treatment of grains is required, the air supply fan unit 123 operates. The return air pipe 22 sucks in the air in the granary through the air return opening and inputs the sucked air into the closed casing 111 from the air inlet 101. The air flow penetrates through the evaporator 121 and the reheating heat exchanger 122 in sequence, and after temperature reduction and dehumidification treatment, it is sent into the granary interior through the air supply pipe 21.
[0031] Among them, if the air is sent to the grain surface, the air valve 201 of the grain surface cooling branch pipe 211 is opened, and the air valve 201 of the grain pile cooling branch pipe 212 is closed. The processed air flow is sent to the grain surface from the grain surface cooling port; if the air is sent to the grain pile, the air valve 201 of the grain surface cooling branch pipe 211 is closed, and the air valve 201 of the grain pile cooling branch pipe 212 is opened. The processed air flow passes through the grain pile cooling branch pipe 212 and the on - ground ventilation cage 23 in sequence, and is sent to the interior of the grain pile from the grain pile cooling hole.
[0032] Specifically, the air flow sent to the grain surface can be only cooled. And the air flow sent into the grain pile needs temperature reduction and dehumidification treatment. Because the humidity of the air reaches 90% - 95% after passing through the evaporator 121, if it is directly sent into the interior of the grain pile, the grains will get moldy. Therefore, the air sent into the interior of the grain pile needs to be cooled and then heated and dehumidified before being sent into the interior of the grain pile.
[0033] Further, in this embodiment, with reference to Figure 3 , the reheating heat exchanger 122 is provided with a PWM flow regulating valve 31 or an electric ball valve at each of its two ends.
[0034] Further, in this embodiment, the circulation module 14 includes an upper circulation pipeline group 141 connecting the output end of the evaporator 121 and the input end of the condensation module 13 and a lower circulation pipeline group 142 connecting the output end of the condensation module 13 and the input end of the evaporator 121. The upper circulation pipeline group 141 is provided with a gas - liquid separator 32, a compressor 33 and an oil separator 34 therein; the lower circulation pipeline group 142 is provided with a liquid receiver 35, a dryer filter 36, a sight glass 37 and an expansion valve 38 therein.
[0035] Further, in this embodiment, the upper circulation pipeline group 141 is provided with a low - pressure gauge 301 and a low - pressure controller 302 on the pipeline connecting the gas - liquid separator 32 and the evaporator 121.
[0036] Further, in this embodiment, the upper circulation pipeline group 141 is provided with a high - pressure controller 303 and a high - pressure gauge 304 on the pipeline connecting the compressor 33 and the oil separator 34.
[0037] Further, according to the demand for refrigerating capacity, 1 - 3 compressors 33 are installed in the circulation module 14. For a small refrigerating capacity, 1 compressor 33 can be used. In this embodiment, the refrigerating capacity demand is large, and 4 compressors 33 are used.
[0038] Further, in this embodiment, the condensing module 13 includes a condenser main body 131 disposed in the breathable housing 112 and two condensing fans 132 arranged side by side on the end face of the breathable housing 112. By cooperating the condensing fans 132 with the condenser main body 131, forced heat exchange is achieved.
[0039] Further, in this embodiment, the filter screen 202 on the air return opening includes, but is not limited to, nylon filter screens and metal filter screens.
[0040] Further, in this embodiment, the evaporator 121 is an aluminum tube evaporator or a copper tube evaporator with a surface treatment of an anti - corrosion coating.
[0041] Further, according to different requirements for anti - fumigation, different fans can be used for the air supply fan unit 123. Specifically, for low anti - fumigation requirements, a fully enclosed air supply fan with an IP54 or above rating is used; for high anti - fumigation requirements, a gas explosion - proof or dust explosion - proof air supply fan is used.
[0042] Further, in this embodiment, the air conditioner main unit 10 is equipped with a floor - mounting bracket 41 at the bottom of the body 11 for floor mounting. One ends of the air supply duct 21 and the air return duct 22 located outside the granary are both L - shaped, forming a horizontal pipe section 203 for communicating with the air outlet 102 or the air inlet 101 and a vertical pipe section 204 for communicating with the horizontal pipe section 203 and the end thereof penetrating into the granary interior.
[0043] It can be understood that the refrigeration cycle process of a special air conditioner for a granary that can be used for both grain piles and grain surfaces of the present utility model when sending air to the grain surface or into the grain pile is as follows:
[0044] When sending air to the grain surface, the compressor 33 compresses the low - temperature and low - pressure refrigerant gas into a high - temperature and high - pressure gas. The high - temperature and high - pressure gas enters the condenser, and through the forced heat exchange of the condensing fan 132, the heat is taken away; the refrigerant enters the liquid receiver 35, and successively passes through the dryer filter 36 and the sight glass 37, and then throttles through the expansion valve 38; subsequently, the refrigerant becomes a low - temperature and low - pressure liquid, evaporates into a gas in the evaporator 121, absorbs the heat of the air passing through the evaporator 121, and cools the air; after the low - temperature and low - pressure refrigerant passes through the gas - liquid separator 32, after separating a small part of the refrigerant liquid, the refrigerant gas enters the compressor 33 for compression, completing one cycle;
[0045] When blowing air into the interior of the grain pile, the compressor 33 compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas is divided into two paths. Most of the high-temperature and high-pressure gas in one path enters the condenser, and through the forced heat exchange of the condensation fan 132, the heat is taken away. The other path controls the flow rate of the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas entering the reheating heat exchanger 122 through the PWM flow regulating valve 31 or the electric ball valve to control the temperature rise of the air passing through the reheating heat exchanger 122. Subsequently, the two paths of high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas are aggregated after heat exchange and enter the liquid receiver 35, and sequentially pass through the drying filter 36 and the sight glass 37, and are throttled by the expansion valve 38; the refrigerant becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid and evaporates into a gas in the evaporator 121, absorbing the heat of the air passing through the evaporator 121 to cool the air; after the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant passes through the gas-liquid separator 32, after separating a small part of the refrigerant liquid, the refrigerant gas enters the compressor 33 for compression to complete a cycle.
[0046] Among them, when blowing air into the interior of the grain pile, by setting the temperature and humidity after the evaporator 121, the temperature and humidity of the blown air are used for temperature rise and dehumidification control, and the method of controlling the heating amount of the reheating heat exchanger 122 is different according to the PWM flow regulating valve 31 or the electric ball valve used at both ends of the reheating heat exchanger 122.
[0047] In summary, a special air conditioner for a granary that can be used for both grain piles and grain surfaces according to the present invention realizes the full exchange of cold and hot air in the granary through the cooperation between the air conditioner main unit 10 and the pipeline system 20, the operation of the air supply fan unit 123, the return air pipe 22 sucking the air in the granary from the return air opening and inputting the sucked air into the closed casing 111 from the air inlet 101, and the air flow sequentially penetrating through the evaporator 121 and the reheating heat exchanger 122. When blowing air to the grain surface, it is cooled, or when blowing air to the grain pile, it is cooled and dehumidified, and then sent into the interior of the granary through the air supply pipe 21, effectively cooling the grain pile and the grain surface and preventing the grain from being damaged due to accumulated heat.
[0048] As long as it does not violate the idea of the present invention, any combination of various different embodiments of the present invention shall be regarded as the content disclosed by the present invention; within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications of the technical solution and any combination of different embodiments that do not violate the idea of the present invention shall be within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A granary air conditioner for both grain pile and grain surface, comprising an air conditioner main unit (10) installed outside the granary and a pipeline system (20) connecting the air conditioner main unit (10) with the inside of the granary; characterized in that: The air conditioner host (10) comprises a body (11), an air processing module (12), a condensing module (13) and a circulation module (14); the body (11) is formed with a closed casing (111) at its upper part, a ventilated casing (112) at its lower part, and a partition plate (113) is horizontally provided between the closed casing (111) and the ventilated casing (112); the closed casing (111) is provided with an air inlet (101) at one side, an air outlet (102) at the other side, and an air duct (103) is formed therein and is connected to the air inlet (101) and the air outlet (102); the air processing module (12) comprises a plurality of air ducts (103) stacked in the air duct (103); An evaporator (121) and a reheat heat exchanger (122) on the air inlet side, and an air supply fan unit (123) arranged on the air outlet side of the air duct (103), wherein the air flow is input from the air inlet (101) driven by the air supply fan unit (123), and then passes through the evaporator (121) and the reheat heat exchanger (122) in sequence, and then is output to the air outlet (102) along the air duct (103); the condensation module (13) is arranged in a breathable casing (112); and the circulation module (14) is arranged in the closed casing (111) and the breathable casing (112), and connects the condensation module (13), the evaporator (121) and the reheat heat exchanger (122), so as to form a circulation system capable of cooling and dehumidifying. The pipeline system (20) comprises an air supply pipe (21) connecting the air outlet (102) with the interior of the granary, an air return pipe (22) connecting the air inlet (101) with the interior of the granary, and a ground ventilation cage (23) arranged inside the granary. The end of the air supply pipe (21) penetrating into the interior of the granary is provided with a grain surface cooling branch pipe (211) located above the grain pile and a grain pile cooling branch pipe (212) penetrating into the grain pile and communicating with the ground ventilation cage (23). Both the grain surface cooling branch pipe (211) and the grain pile cooling branch pipe (212) are installed with air valves (201), and the grain surface cooling branch pipe (211) is formed with a grain surface cooling port; the end of the return air pipe (22) penetrating into the interior of the granary is located above the grain pile and has a return air port formed thereon, and a filter screen (202) is installed on the return air port; and the ground ventilation cage (23) is formed with a plurality of grain pile cooling holes.
2. The granary-specific air conditioner for grain storage and grain surface according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The reheat heat exchanger (122) is provided with a PWM flow control valve (31) or an electric ball valve at both ends thereof.
3. The granary-specific air conditioner for grain storage and grain surface according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The circulation module (14) comprises an upper circulation pipeline group (141) connecting the output end of the evaporator (121) and the input end of the condenser, and a lower circulation pipeline group (142) connecting the output end of the condenser and the input end of the evaporator (121); the upper circulation pipeline group (141) is provided with a gas-liquid separator (32), a compressor (33) and an oil separator (34); and the lower circulation pipeline group (142) is provided with a liquid storage device (35), a drying filter (36), a sight glass (37) and an expansion valve (38).
4. The granary-specific air conditioner for grain storage as claimed in claim 3 is characterized by: The upper circulation pipeline group (141) is provided with a low pressure gauge (301) and a low pressure controller (302) on the pipeline connecting the gas-liquid separator (32) and the evaporator (121).
5. The granary-specific air conditioner for grain storage and grain surface according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The upper circulation pipeline group (141) is provided with a high pressure controller (303) and a high pressure gauge (304) on the pipeline connecting the compressor (33) and the oil separator (34).
6. The granary-specific air conditioner for grain storage as claimed in claim 3 is characterized by: There are three compressors (33) installed in the circulation module (14).
7. The granary-specific air conditioner for grain storage and grain surface according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The condensation module (13) comprises a condenser main body (131) arranged in a breathable casing (112) and two condensation fans (132) arranged side by side on the end surface of the breathable casing (112). The condensation fans (132) cooperate with the condenser main body (131) to achieve forced heat exchange.
8. The granary-specific air conditioner for grain storage and grain surface according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The evaporator (121) is an aluminum tube evaporator or a copper tube evaporator with an anti-corrosion coating surface treatment.
9. The granary-specific air conditioner for grain storage and grain surface according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air conditioner main unit (10) is provided with a floor-mounted mounting frame (41) at the bottom of the body (11) for floor-mounted installation; the air supply pipe (21) and the air return pipe (22) are both L-shaped at one end located outside the granary, forming a horizontal pipe section (203) for communicating with the air outlet (102) or the air inlet (101) and a vertical pipe section (204) for communicating with the horizontal pipe section (203) and one end thereof penetrating into the interior of the granary.