Screening and storing device for forest tree seeds
By designing a forest seed screening storage device including a rack, screening tank, feed tube and vibration motor, the problems of large equipment volume and low screening efficiency caused by excessive screening tanks in the prior art are solved, and the rapid dispersion and drying of seeds are achieved, and the efficiency and quality of forest seed screening are improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422076806.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-27
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the long plant seed screening tank leads to large equipment size, low screening efficiency, and difficult to effectively separate mature and immature seeds, prolonging the seed dormant period.
The structural design includes a frame, screening groove, rubber disc spring, feed pipe, vibration motor, air duct and bag dust collector is adopted. The seeds are uniformly transported through a star air closer and a uniform plate, and combined with vibration and air replacement technology, the seeds are quickly dispersed and dried in the short groove.
The dispersion time of seeds in the screening tank is shortened, screening efficiency is improved, mature and immature seeds are effectively separated, and seeds are dried to meet market demand.
Smart Images
Figure CN223043111U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of screening and storage equipment for forest tree seeds, and particularly relates to a screening and storage device for forest tree seeds. Background Technique
[0002] Forest tree seeds are reproductive organs formed by the development of ovules inside fruits. Due to the relatively complex internal structure of fruits, many problems will be encountered in the processing of forest tree seeds. The so-called processing of forest tree seeds mainly aims to ensure the seed quality, that is, the forest tree seedlings cultivated from the seeds can grow healthily and normally. To improve forestry production, when processing forest tree seeds, every effort should be made to shorten the seed dormancy period and improve the defects in the storage process. If the seed dormancy period is too long, it is not conducive to promoting the process of forestry production. Seed dormancy means that even if the storage place of the seeds has sufficient oxygen and suitable temperature, etc., the seeds cannot germinate into seedlings due to being in the dormant period. During the seed dormancy period, its life activities are in a suspended state. Dormant seeds have a high degree of adaptability to the external environment, whether it is the oxygen concentration, air humidity, weather temperature, or soil fertility. Therefore, the seeds cannot respond to the stimuli of the external environment, and thus it is called the dormant period.
[0003] The formation of seed dormancy is as follows: Firstly, there is a special substance inside the seeds that can inhibit cell division and development in the seeds. This is a chemical substance that has an inhibitory effect on the seeds. Because of its existence, it successfully inhibits the seeds from responding to the external environment, thereby delaying the germination time of the seeds. Secondly, when processing forest tree seeds, it is necessary to separate the seeds from their mother plants. Seeds have life. Although it is considered to separate the seeds when they are mature during the separation from the mother plants, this maturity is only manifested in morphology, and physiologically, they do not have certain germination conditions. Therefore, they need to carry out dormancy to cultivate their own germination ability, which is the so-called after-ripening process of the seeds. This process must have the seeds in dormancy to achieve the purpose. Thirdly, during the separation process of the seeds from the mother plants, it cannot be guaranteed that every seed is mature. Some seeds have not completed the complete tissue division, differentiation, and growth necessary for seed maturity during the separation, resulting in immature embryos. The seeds also need to go through dormancy to complete the maturity of the embryos. Through the dormancy period, tissue division, differentiation, and growth are carried out to achieve complete development, so as to become mature seeds.
[0004] The safe storage methods of forest tree seeds include common dry storage methods, sealed dry storage methods, moisture preservation storage methods, etc.; the harvested seeds include a mixture formed by mature seeds and immature seeds. Before volatilizing moisture during the short-term storage of mature seeds, the mature seeds should be screened out from the mixture; the air-flow gravity screening method is a common method for screening out immature seeds from mature seeds; and the more uniform and thinner the thickness of the seeds laid flat in the screening trough, the better the screening effect. The main reason is that it reduces the interaction force between seeds and improves the effect of the screening air flow. In the prior art, if the inner cavity of the screening trough is long enough, the above technical purpose can be achieved. However, if the screening trough is too long, it will cause the equipment to be too large. Therefore, there is room for improvement in the seed screening stage of the prior art, so as to control the flow rate of forest tree seeds transported to the screening trough and the dispersion degree of forest tree seeds entering the inner cavity of the screening trough, thereby reducing the time required for the forest tree seeds to be fully dispersed in the screening trough, reducing the length of the screening trough required for the forest tree seeds to be evenly dispersed, and indirectly reducing the total length of the screening trough. Summary of the Invention
[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a screening and storage device for forest tree seeds, which can shorten the length of the screening trough required for the forest tree seeds entering the screening trough to be fully dispersed, thereby reducing the overall length of the screening trough, and is used to overcome the defects in the prior art.
[0006] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows: A screening and storage device for forest tree seeds includes a frame. A screening trough is arranged on the frame. Rubber disc springs are arranged between the screening trough and the frame. The bottom end of a first feed pipe is arranged at one end of the screening trough. The top end of the first feed pipe is provided with the bottom end of a second feed pipe. The top end of the second feed pipe is provided with a feed hopper. A first star air shutter is arranged on the second feed pipe. The width of the bottom end of the inner cavity of the first feed pipe matches the width of the inner cavity of the screening trough. The width of the first feed pipe gradually becomes smaller as the height of the first feed pipe rises. A material leveling plate is arranged in the first feed pipe. The number of the material leveling plates is several. The first feed pipe is evenly divided into several material guiding cavities by several material leveling plates. A convex block is arranged at the bottom end of the screening trough. A vibration motor is arranged on the convex block. The inlet end of a first air duct is arranged on the inner cavity of the screening trough. The outlet end of the first air duct is provided with a bag filter. The length of the inlet end of the first air duct matches the width of the inner cavity of the screening trough.
[0007] Preferably, a guiding groove is provided at one end of the screening tank away from the first feed pipe. The width of the guiding groove gradually decreases as the height of the guiding groove decreases. The inlet end of a guiding hopper is provided below the outlet end of the guiding groove. The outlet end of the guiding hopper is provided with a receiving barrel. The outlet end of an air inlet pipe and the inlet end of an air outlet pipe are provided on the receiving barrel. An air filter is provided at the inlet end of the air inlet pipe. A stirring device is provided on the receiving barrel. The stirring device includes a stirring shaft provided on the receiving barrel, stirring blades provided on the stirring shaft inside the receiving barrel, and a stirring motor drivingly connected to the stirring shaft outside the receiving barrel.
[0008] Preferably, a level gauge is provided inside the receiving barrel.
[0009] Preferably, the bottom of the receiving barrel adopts a hopper-shaped structure. A discharge pipe is provided at the bottom end of the receiving barrel. Plug butterfly valves are respectively provided on the discharge pipe and the guiding hopper.
[0010] Preferably, rib strips are provided on the inner wall of the receiving barrel. The cross-section of the rib strips adopts a triangular structure. The number of rib strips is several. The several rib strips are evenly distributed in a star shape on the inner wall of the receiving barrel outside the central axis of the receiving barrel.
[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the air outlet pipe is installed on the top of the receiving barrel. The diameter of the bottom cavity of the air outlet pipe gradually decreases as the height of the air outlet pipe decreases. A joint is provided on the top of the air outlet pipe. A second air guiding pipe is provided on the joint. A pressure sensor, a humidity sensor, a first regulating valve, and an air compressor are sequentially provided on the second air guiding pipe along the direction from near the joint to far from the joint.
[0012] Preferably, the inlet end of a second regulating valve is provided at the gas phase outlet end of the bag filter. A fan is provided at the outlet end of the second regulating valve. A second star-shaped airtight feeder is provided at the solid phase outlet end of the bag filter.
[0013] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: First, through the first star-shaped airtight feeder and the several material guiding cavities in the first feed pipe, the forest tree seeds conveyed through the first star-shaped airtight feeder are evenly conveyed onto the screening tank, reducing the length of the screening tank required for the forest tree seeds to be completely dispersed in the screening tank; and further, this product can fully replace the water vapor released by the free water contained in the forest tree seeds with air, thereby promoting the drying of the forest tree seeds to meet the market demand.
[0014] Second, a level gauge is provided inside the receiving barrel of the present utility model; installing the level gauge facilitates feedback on the maximum material level height inside the receiving barrel.
[0015] Again, along the direction from near the joint to far from the joint, the second air duct of the present utility model is successively provided with a pressure sensor, a humidity sensor, a first regulating valve and an air compressor; installing the pressure sensor is convenient for feeding back the pressure parameters of the accommodating barrel; installing the humidity sensor is convenient for feeding back the humidity parameters of the air flow discharged from the air outlet pipe.
[0016] The present utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, ingenious design, greatly improving the working efficiency, having good social and economic benefits, and being a product easy to popularize and use. Brief Description of the Drawings
[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present utility model.
[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the components of the present utility model.
[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the components of the present utility model. Detailed Embodiment
[0020] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, a screening and storage device for forest tree seeds includes a frame 1, a screening groove 2 is arranged on the frame 1, a rubber disc spring 3 is arranged between the screening groove 2 and the frame 1, the bottom end of a first feed pipe 4 is arranged at one end of the screening groove 2, the top end of the first feed pipe 4 is arranged with the bottom end of a second feed pipe 5, the top end of the second feed pipe 5 is provided with a feed hopper 6, a first star air lock 7 is arranged on the second feed pipe 5, the width of the bottom end of the inner cavity of the first feed pipe 4 matches the width of the inner cavity of the screening groove 2, the width of the first feed pipe 4 gradually becomes smaller as the height of the first feed pipe 4 rises, a material leveling plate 8 is arranged in the first feed pipe 4, the number of the material leveling plates 8 is several, the first feed pipe 4 is evenly divided into several material guiding cavities by several material leveling plates 8, a convex block 9 is arranged at the bottom end of the screening groove 2, a vibration motor 10 is arranged on the convex block 9, the inlet end of a first air duct 11 is arranged on the inner cavity of the screening groove 2, the outlet end of the first air duct 11 is provided with a bag filter 12, and the length of the inlet end of the first air duct 11 matches the width of the inner cavity of the screening groove 2. The included angle between the central axis of the vibration motor 10 and the central axis of the screening groove 2 is 30 degrees to 40 degrees.
[0021] Since mature seeds contain a large amount of moisture inside, excessive moisture can easily cause the seeds to continue to develop and reduce the seed survival rate. Therefore, for such seeds, they need to be placed in a dry place for short-term storage to allow the excess moisture contained in them to fully evaporate for long-term storage. Thus, a guiding groove 13 is provided at one end of the screening groove 2 of the present product away from the first feed pipe 4. The width of the guiding groove 13 gradually decreases as the height of the guiding groove 13 decreases. The inlet end of a guiding hopper 14 is provided below the outlet end of the guiding groove 13. The inner cavity of the inlet end of the guiding hopper 14 adopts a cylindrical structure, and the diameter of the inner cavity of the inlet end of the guiding hopper 14 is not less than the diameter of the circumscribed circle of the inner cavity of the guiding groove 13. The outlet end of the guiding hopper 14 is provided with a receiving barrel 15. The outlet end of an air inlet pipe 16 and the inlet end of an air outlet pipe 17 are provided on the receiving barrel 15. An air filter 18 is provided at the inlet end of the air inlet pipe 16. A stirring device is provided on the receiving barrel 15. The stirring device includes a stirring shaft 19 provided on the receiving barrel 15, stirring blades 20 provided on the stirring shaft 19 inside the receiving barrel 15, and a stirring motor 21 drivingly connected to the stirring shaft 19 outside the receiving barrel 15. The bottom of the receiving barrel 15 adopts a hopper-shaped structure. A discharge pipe 23 is provided at the bottom end of the receiving barrel 15. Plug butterfly valves 24 are respectively provided on the discharge pipe 23 and the guiding hopper 14.
[0022] A level gauge 22 is provided inside the receiving barrel 15; installing the level gauge 22 facilitates feedback of the maximum level height inside the receiving barrel 15.
[0023] Ribs 25 are provided on the inner wall of the receiving barrel 15. The cross-section of the ribs 25 adopts a triangular structure. The number of the ribs 25 is several. The several ribs 25 are evenly distributed in a star shape on the inner wall of the receiving barrel 15 outside the central axis of the receiving barrel 15; installing the ribs 25 facilitates guiding the seeds close to the inner wall of the receiving barrel 15, so that the seeds guided by the ribs 25 move towards the direction of the stirring shaft 19.
[0024] The bottom of the air outlet pipe 17 is installed on the top of the receiving barrel 15. The diameter of the bottom of the inner cavity of the air outlet pipe 17 gradually decreases as the height of the air outlet pipe 17 decreases. A joint 26 is provided on the top of the air outlet pipe 17. A second air guiding pipe 27 is provided on the joint 26. The second air guiding pipe 27 is threadedly connected to the joint 26; the second air guiding pipe 27 is sequentially provided with a pressure sensor 28, a humidity sensor 29, a first regulating valve 30, and an air compressor 31 along the direction from close to the joint 26 to away from the joint 26. Installing the pressure sensor 28 facilitates feedback of the pressure parameters of the receiving barrel 15; installing the humidity sensor 29 facilitates feedback of the humidity parameters of the air flow discharged from the air outlet pipe 17.
[0025] The inlet end of a second regulating valve 32 is provided at the gas-phase outlet end of the bag filter 12. A fan 33 is provided at the outlet end of the second regulating valve 32. A second star airtight feeder 34 is provided at the solid-phase outlet end of the bag filter 12. Driving motors 35 are respectively and transmission-connected to the first star airtight feeder 7 and the second star airtight feeder 34. A support 36 is provided on the receiving barrel 15, and universal wheels 37 are provided at the bottom of the support 36.
[0026] The usage method of this product is as follows: As Figures 1 to 3 shown, first, continuously convey the collected forest tree seeds into the feed hopper 6, and adjust the output power of the driving motor 35 transmission-connected to the first star airtight feeder 7. The forest tree seeds in the feed hopper 6 are conveyed by the first star airtight feeder 7 and then enter into a plurality of the material guiding cavities in the first feed pipe 4 and then are conveyed to the screening tank 2; then, start the vibration motor 10 and the fan 33. The vibration motor 10 drives the convex block 9 to vibrate, thereby driving the screening tank 2 to vibrate, and then driving the forest tree seeds entering the screening tank 2 to move towards the guiding groove 13. During this period, air flows from the first air guiding pipe 11 close to the screening tank 2 into the bag filter 12, and at the same time drives the forest tree seeds with insufficient grains to enter the first air guiding pipe 11 along with the air flow, so as to realize the separation of mature forest tree seeds and immature forest tree seeds. The separated mature forest tree seeds are conveyed to the receiving barrel 15 through the guiding groove 13 and the guiding hopper 14 for temporary storage.
[0027] When the screening of a batch of forest tree seeds is completed and the mature seeds are temporarily stored in the receiving barrel 15, it is necessary to turn on the air compressor 31 and the stirring motor 21. The outside air is filtered by the air filter 18 and then enters the inner cavity of the receiving barrel 15 above the forest tree seeds through the air inlet pipe 16 to form a replacement air flow. The replacement air flow enters the receiving barrel 15 above the seeds and then is discharged after the pressure sensor 28 feeds back the pressure parameter and the humidity sensor 29 feeds back the humidity parameter. During this period, the stirring motor 21 drives the stirring shaft 19 to rotate, thereby driving the stirring blades 20 to move synchronously. Under the action of the rib strips 25, the forest tree seeds in the receiving barrel 15 are continuously stirred. The free water contained in the forest tree seeds continuously volatilizes to form water vapor. The water vapor is mixed with the air in the receiving barrel 15 above the forest tree seeds and is discharged together with the replacement air flow through the air outlet pipe 17 and the second air guiding pipe 27. During this period, the pressure sensor 28 feeds back the pressure parameter and the humidity sensor 29 feeds back the humidity parameter. When the equipment runs to the preset time and the humidity sensor 29 feeds back that the humidity parameter reaches the preset range, the forest tree seeds in the inner cavity of the receiving barrel 15 have been fully dried. Open the flap butterfly valve 24 on the discharge pipe 23, and discharge the forest tree seeds that have been dried from the receiving barrel 15, and then store them by the seed storage device.
[0028] In this embodiment, the forest tree seeds conveyed through the first star air lock 7 are evenly conveyed onto the screening tank 2 through a number of the material guiding cavities in the first feed pipe 4, reducing the length of the screening tank 2 required for the forest tree seeds to be completely dispersed in the screening tank 2; and furthermore, this product can fully replace the water vapor released by the free water contained in the forest tree seeds with air, thereby promoting the drying of the forest tree seeds to meet the market demand.
[0029] The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structure, features, and principles described in the scope of the present invention patent shall be included within the scope of the patent application of the present invention.
Claims
1. A screening and storage device for forest seeds, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (1), wherein the frame (1) is provided with a screening trough (2), a rubber disc spring (3) is provided between the screening trough (2) and the frame (1), the bottom end of a first feed pipe (4) is provided at one end of the screening trough (2), the bottom end of a second feed pipe (5) is provided at the top end of the first feed pipe (4), a feed hopper (6) is provided at the top end of the second feed pipe (5), a first star-shaped air lock (7) is provided on the second feed pipe (5), the width of the bottom end of the inner cavity of the first feed pipe (4) matches the width of the inner cavity of the screening trough (2), and the width of the first feed pipe (4) increases with the width of the first feed pipe (4). 4) gradually decreases as the height rises, a material leveling plate (8) is arranged in the first feed pipe (4), the number of the material leveling plates (8) is adopted, the first feed pipe (4) is evenly divided into a plurality of material guide cavities by the plurality of material leveling plates (8), a protrusion (9) is arranged at the bottom end of the screening tank (2), a vibration motor (10) is arranged on the protrusion (9), an inlet end of a first air duct (11) is arranged on the inner cavity of the screening tank (2), a bag dust collector (12) is arranged on the outlet end of the first air duct (11), and the length of the inlet end of the first air duct (11) matches the width of the inner cavity of the screening tank (2).
2. The forest seed screening and storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide groove (13) is provided at one end of the screening groove (2) away from the first feed pipe (4), the width of the guide groove (13) gradually decreases as the height of the guide groove (13) decreases, an inlet end of a guide bucket (14) is provided below the outlet end of the guide groove (13), a receiving barrel (15) is provided on the outlet end of the guide bucket (14), an outlet end of an air inlet pipe (16) and an inlet end of an air outlet pipe (17) are provided on the receiving barrel (15), an air filter (18) is provided on the inlet end of the air inlet pipe (16), and a stirring device is provided on the receiving barrel (15), the stirring device comprising a stirring shaft (19) provided on the receiving barrel (15), a stirring blade (20) provided on the stirring shaft (19) inside the receiving barrel (15), and a stirring motor (21) transmission-connected to the stirring shaft (19) outside the receiving barrel (15).
3. The forest seed screening and storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A material level meter (22) is provided in the containing barrel (15).
4. The forest seed screening and storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the containing barrel (15) adopts a bucket-shaped structure, and a discharge pipe (23) is arranged on the bottom end of the containing barrel (15), and a plug-in butterfly valve (24) is respectively arranged on the discharge pipe (23) and the guide bucket (14).
5. The forest seed screening and storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the containing barrel (15) is provided with ribs (25), the cross section of the ribs (25) adopts a triangular structure, the number of ribs (25) is a plurality, and the plurality of ribs (25) are evenly distributed in a star shape on the inner wall of the containing barrel (15) outside the central axis of the containing barrel (15).
6. The forest seed screening and storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the air outlet pipe (17) is mounted on the top of the containing barrel (15); the diameter of the bottom of the inner cavity of the air outlet pipe (17) gradually decreases as the height of the air outlet pipe (17) decreases; a joint (26) is provided on the top of the air outlet pipe (17); a second air duct (27) is provided on the joint (26); and a pressure sensor (28), a humidity sensor (29), a first regulating valve (30) and an air compressor (31) are sequentially provided on the second air duct (27) along a direction from close to the joint (26) to far away from the joint (26).
7. The forest seed screening and storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas phase outlet end of the bag filter (12) is provided with an inlet end of a second regulating valve (32), the outlet end of the second regulating valve (32) is provided with a fan (33), and the solid phase outlet end of the bag filter (12) is provided with a second star-shaped air shut-off device (34).