Motorcycle electronic mechanical braking system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a motorcycle electronic mechanical braking system which comprises a braking handle, a braking feeling simulator, an electronic mechanical braking controller ECU, a transmission mechanism, a pair of calipers and a friction plate, a driver triggers the braking handle to transmit braking intention, and the braking feeling simulator provides braking reaction force for the driver. Meanwhile, the braking intention of a driver is sent to the electronic mechanical braking controller ECU in an electric signal mode, the electronic mechanical braking controller ECU recognizes the braking intention of the driver and the current vehicle state and then controls the motor to act, and the transmission mechanism converts rotary motion input by the motor into linear motion of the calipers and the friction plates; therefore, the brake disc is clamped to implement braking. The system has the advantages of high braking response speed, high energy transmission efficiency, simple structure and convenience in installation and maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of motorcycle braking, in particular to an electronic mechanical braking system for a motorcycle. Background Art

[0002] Most of the existing motorcycle braking systems use mechanical cable brakes or hydraulic brakes. The above braking methods have problems such as complex structure, slow braking response, inconvenient installation and maintenance, and the traditional mechanical braking method is not easy to integrate the electronic brake control system, and the active safety capability is weak. The electromechanical brake system (EMB) integrates the brake drive mechanism and the brake actuator, which can greatly improve the response speed of the brake system, shorten the braking reaction time, and omit complex pipes and mechanical cables and other connectors. It has a simple structure and is easy to assemble. It can also be used as the basis for integrating other intelligent brake control systems. EMB is currently in the explosive promotion and verification stage in the field of passenger cars. However, due to factors such as technological development and cost, EMB still lacks relevant applications in the field of motorcycles. Therefore, how to adapt it to the field of motorcycles, match it with the motorcycle handle brake structure and adapt to the dynamic characteristics of motorcycles, and improve the braking safety and braking efficiency of motorcycles has become a key technical problem that needs to be solved in the promotion and application of EMB systems in the field of motorcycles. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, the utility model provides an electronic mechanical braking system for a motorcycle. The system is suitable for traditional fuel motorcycles and rapidly developing electric motorcycles, and aims to solve the problems of slow response, complex structure, and inconvenient installation and maintenance of the pure mechanical braking system used in existing motorcycles.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows: A motorcycle electro-mechanical braking system includes a braking drive device and an EMB module. The braking drive device integrates a brake handle and a braking feel simulator; the EMB module includes an electro-mechanical braking controller ECU, a drive motor, a transmission mechanism, a caliper, and a friction pad; the braking feel simulator is installed at the end of the brake handle and integrates two complementary contact switches, a Hall travel sensor, a damping spring, and a braking force sensor; the brake handle drives the braking feel simulator; the contact switches detect the braking state of the motorcycle; the braking force sensor monitors the force and speed at which the driver squeezes the brake handle; the Hall travel sensor monitors the opening / closing size and opening / closing speed of the driver's operation of the brake handle; the damping spring provides a braking reaction force to the driver; the contact switches, the Hall travel sensor, and the braking force sensor feedback the driver's braking intention to the electro-mechanical braking controller ECU in the form of electrical signals; the electro-mechanical braking controller ECU is connected to the drive motor to control the operation of the drive motor; the transmission mechanism converts the rotational motion input by the drive motor into a linear motion of the caliper and the friction pad, thereby clamping the brake disc to implement braking.

[0005] Furthermore, the electro-mechanical braking controller ECU includes a power supply module, a CAN communication module, a data acquisition module, a data processing module MCU, a data storage module, and a motor drive module. The power supply module is connected to the data processing module MCU to supply power to the data processing module MCU; the CAN communication module is connected to the vehicle communication interface and provides the state of the motorcycle electro-mechanical braking system externally; the data acquisition module acquires wheel speed signals, braking opening, and clamping force signals; the data storage module is used to store system diagnostic information; the motor drive module is connected to the drive motor to control the rotation of the drive motor and detect the state of the drive motor.

[0006] Furthermore, the power supply voltage provided by the power supply module for the motorcycle electro-mechanical braking system is 9~32V. The power supply module converts the voltage into 5V or 3.3V to supply power to the data processing module MCU.

[0007] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism includes a gear reduction mechanism and a lead screw nut mechanism. The gear reduction mechanism reduces the drive motor speed to the target speed and amplifies the torque by adjusting the transmission ratio; the lead screw nut converts the rotational motion output by the gear into a linear motion, and the lead screw nut drives the caliper to move linearly, thereby clamping the caliper and holding the brake disc for braking. A clearance self-adjusting mechanism with a ratchet structure is provided at the end of the transmission mechanism. The ratchet mechanism is connected to the caliper. When the clearance is too large, the ratchet mechanism is automatically toggled to drive the caliper to move for clearance compensation.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0009] 1. Fast braking response: Through the electromechanical braking system, the braking response time of the motorcycle is significantly shortened, improving the braking efficiency.

[0010] 2. Simple structure: Since the traditional mechanical cables or hydraulic pipelines of the motorcycle are eliminated, the system will not require complex air pipelines and connectors, and the system structure is simpler, facilitating installation and maintenance.

[0011] 3. High safety: This system can be conveniently integrated with an electronic braking control system, which can greatly improve braking stability and safety. Description of the Drawings

[0012] Figure 1 is the overall structural block diagram of a motorcycle electromechanical braking system;

[0013] Figure 2 is the movement transfer structure diagram of the mechanical actuator of a motorcycle electromechanical braking system;

[0014] Figure 3 is the wire-controlled braking control flowchart of a motorcycle electromechanical braking system;

[0015] Figure 4 is the anti-lock braking control flowchart of a motorcycle electromechanical braking system;

[0016] Figure 5 is the energy recovery control flowchart of a motorcycle electromechanical braking system. Detailed Embodiments

[0017] The following elaborates on the preferred embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the drawings, so that the advantages and features of the present application can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby making the protection scope of the present application more clearly defined.

[0018] The present utility model provides a motorcycle electromechanical braking system, which can improve the system integration degree structurally and reduce the installation and maintenance costs of the system. As Figure 1 shown, the system mainly consists of three parts, including a brake handle, a brake feel simulator, and an EMB module; the EMB module includes an electromechanical braking controller ECU, a transmission mechanism, a caliper, and friction pads.

[0019] The brake handle is an input component of the braking system. When the driver holds the brake handle firmly, the mechanical mechanism at the end of the brake handle moves axially, driving the state switching of the dual-channel complementary contact switch and outputting a brake switch signal. At the same time as the mechanical mechanism moves, it drives the Hall travel sensor to displace and generate a braking travel signal, transmitting the driver's braking intention to the brake controller. Since the electro-mechanical brake cancels the mechanical connection between the brake handle and the brake actuator, it is impossible to directly feedback the magnitude of the braking force applied by the driver during braking. In order to give the driver an intuitive braking feeling, a brake feel simulator is used to provide a braking reaction force to the driver. When the mechanical mechanism moves, it squeezes the brake feel simulator, simulating the braking feeling when holding the brake handle in traditional mechanical braking. At the same time, the driver's braking intention (including handle travel and gripping force) is sent to the electro-mechanical brake controller in the form of electrical signals; the brake feel simulator can be directly integrated into the brake handle and simulates and feedbacks the braking feeling through a mechanical damping structure (such as springs, rubber parts, etc.). The greater the gripping force applied by the driver, the stronger the braking feedback feeling. The brake feel simulator also integrates displacement and force sensors inside, which are used to detect the braking signals applied by the driver and convert them into corresponding displacement and force signals, and transmit them to the brake controller in the form of analog voltage. For example, the Hall travel sensor is used to monitor the opening and closing size and speed of the driver's operation of the brake handle, and based on this signal, it can be judged whether the driver's braking expectation is normal braking or emergency braking; the braking force sensor is used to monitor the strength and speed of the driver's squeezing of the brake handle, and can compensate for the dead zone characteristics of the Hall travel sensor to more accurately judge the driver's braking intention.

[0020] The electro-mechanical brake controller ECU is the core control unit of the EMB module and is an input and output processing unit for electrical signals, including a power supply module, a CAN communication module, a data acquisition module, a data processing module MCU, a data storage module, and a motor drive module. Among them, the power supply module can adapt to a wide voltage supply range of 9~32V and converts it into 5V or 3.3V to supply power to the MCU; the CAN communication module is used for communication with the whole vehicle and sending the EMB system status externally; the data acquisition module is used to receive the displacement and force signals of the brake handle and convert the signals into voltage signals and transmit them to the data processing module MCU. The data processing module MCU identifies different braking intentions of the driver according to the signal magnitude and change rate; the data storage module is mainly used to store system diagnostic information for easy troubleshooting and maintenance; the motor drive module is mainly used to control the forward and reverse rotation of the motor and detect the motor status to provide real-time diagnostic information.

[0021] The transmission mechanism consists of a gear reduction mechanism and a lead screw nut mechanism. The gear reduction mechanism reduces the motor speed to the target speed by adjusting the transmission ratio and amplifies the torque at the same time. The lead screw nut can convert the rotational motion output by the gear into linear motion. The lead screw nut drives the caliper to move linearly, thereby clamping the caliper and holding the brake disc for braking. The wear of the friction plate of the transmission mechanism will cause the braking stroke to gradually increase. In order to improve the response speed of the system and ensure the consistency of braking, a gap self-adjusting mechanism with a ratchet structure can be added at the end of the transmission mechanism. The mechanism consists of a ratchet and a spring bayonet. When the gap is small, the lead screw rotates at a limited angle and the ratchet remains fixed. Once the gap is too large and the lead screw rotates at an angle exceeding the limit angle, the lead screw drives the ratchet to rotate, and the ratchet teeth compress the spring bayonet to retract to the next ratchet teeth and pop out and lock the ratchet position. When the gap is too large, the ratchet mechanism is automatically driven to drive the caliper to move for gap compensation, so that the gap between the friction plate and the brake disc is always within the ideal range.

[0022] The working principle of the motorcycle electronic mechanical brake system of the utility model during braking is as follows:

[0023] like Figure 3 As shown, when the system performs wire control braking, when the driver touches the brake handle, the brake feeling simulator determines whether the driver is braking or releasing the brake, and transmits the signal to the electronic mechanical brake controller ECU. The electronic mechanical brake controller ECU operates the drive motor to rotate to clamp or release according to the braking intention, and the clamping force sensor feeds back the clamping state of the caliper to the electronic mechanical brake controller ECU to determine whether the action is completed. Once completed, the motor action is stopped.

[0024] The system can also be easily integrated with electronic brake control systems such as anti-lock braking systems and regenerative braking systems. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, when the system performs anti-lock braking (ABS) braking, the wheel speed sensor collects the wheel speed signal and transmits it to the wheel speed acquisition module of the controller. The data acquisition module converts the sinusoidal signal (magnetoelectric wheel speed sensor) into a square wave signal according to the speed of the wheel speed signal change and inputs it to the capture port of the data processing module MCU for processing. The wheel speed of the system is calculated, and the reference vehicle speed, wheel deceleration, slip rate and road surface conditions are obtained based on the wheel speed. It is also determined whether the activation conditions of the anti-lock braking system are met. If the conditions are met, the drive motor is controlled to dynamically clamp, hold and release to ensure stability during braking.

[0025] like Figure 5As shown, when the system performs regenerative braking and the driver touches the brake handle, the system calculates the target braking force demand according to the driver's braking intention. At the same time, the system monitors parameters such as the motorcycle's speed, motor characteristics, and battery SOC, judges the regenerative braking ability of the motor, and then the electronic-mechanical brake controller ECU adjusts the caliper braking force and regenerative braking force according to the built-in braking force distribution strategy, using as much regenerative braking force as possible on the premise of ensuring the target braking force, thereby improving the cruising range.

Claims

1. A motorcycle electromechanical brake system, comprising a brake drive device and an EMB module, characterized in that: The brake drive device integrates a brake handle and a brake feeling simulator; the EMB module includes an electronic mechanical brake controller ECU, a drive motor, a transmission mechanism, a caliper and a friction plate; the brake feeling simulator is installed at the end of the brake handle and integrates a two-way complementary contact switch, a Hall travel sensor, a damping spring and a braking force sensor; the brake handle drives the brake feeling simulator; The contact switch detects the braking state of the motorcycle; the braking force sensor monitors the strength and speed of the driver's grip on the brake handle; the Hall stroke sensor monitors the opening and closing size and opening and closing speed of the driver's operation of the brake handle; the damping spring provides the driver with a braking reaction force; the contact switch, the Hall stroke sensor, and the braking force sensor feed back the driver's braking intention to the electronic mechanical brake controller ECU in the form of an electrical signal; The electronic mechanical brake controller ECU is connected to the drive motor to control the action of the drive motor; The transmission mechanism converts the rotational motion input by the driving motor into the linear motion of the caliper and the friction plate, thereby clamping the brake disc to implement braking.

2. The electronic mechanical brake system for motorcycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic mechanical brake controller ECU includes a power module, a CAN communication module, a data acquisition module, a data processing module MCU, a data storage module and a motor drive module. The power module is connected to the data processing module MCU to supply power to the data processing module MCU; the CAN communication module is connected to the vehicle communication interface and provides the status of the motorcycle's electronic mechanical brake system to the outside; the data acquisition module collects wheel speed signals, brake opening and clamping force signals; the data storage module is used to store system diagnostic information; the motor drive module is connected to the drive motor to control the rotation of the drive motor and detect the state of the drive motor.

3. The electronic mechanical brake system for motorcycle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power supply module supplies a voltage of 9 to 32 V to the motorcycle's electronic mechanical brake system.

4. The electronic mechanical brake system for motorcycle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The power supply module converts the voltage into 5V or 3.3V to supply power to the data processing module MCU.

5. The electronic mechanical brake system for motorcycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism includes a gear reduction mechanism and a screw nut mechanism. The gear reduction mechanism reduces the speed of the drive motor to the target speed while amplifying the torque by adjusting the transmission ratio; the screw nut converts the rotational motion output by the gear into linear motion, and the screw nut drives the caliper to move linearly, thereby clamping the caliper and holding the brake disc for braking.

6. The electronic mechanical brake system for a motorcycle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ratchet mechanism for automatically adjusting the gap is provided at the end of the transmission mechanism, and the ratchet mechanism is connected to the caliper. When the gap is too large, the ratchet mechanism is automatically driven to drive the caliper to move to compensate for the gap.

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