Mud water and soil pressure double-balance multi-cabin shield tunneling machine

Abstract

The utility model provides a muddy water and soil pressure double-balance multi-cabin shield tunneling machine. The multi-cabin shield tunneling machine comprises a shield body, a screw conveyor, a cutter head, a soil cabin, a balance pressure regulating cabin and a booster pump, the balance pressure regulating cabin and the booster pump are arranged on the lower portion of the shield body, the balance pressure regulating cabin is divided into a muddy water soil pressure cabin on the front portion and a soil storage cabin on the rear portion through a partition door, the front end of the muddy water soil pressure cabin and the lower portion of the soil cabin are connected into a whole, and the screw conveyor is arranged in the muddy water soil pressure cabin. The tail end of the soil storage cabin is connected with the screw conveyor; the booster pump is located in the shield body, the inlet end of the booster pump communicates with the muddy water soil pressure cabin through a first pipeline, and the outlet end leads to the upper portion of the soil bin through a second pipeline. When water inrush occurs, the partition door is closed, pressure and slurry are conveyed to the upper portion of the soil bin through the booster pump, and the overall pressure intensity of the cutter head is automatically balanced. According to the utility model, not only can the overall pressure balance of the upper and lower parts of the cutter head be automatically balanced, but also other measures such as grouting are not needed, and non-stop continuous propulsion is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to earth pressure balance shield machine equipment, in particular to a novel multi-chamber earth pressure balance shield machine device that combines slurry balance and earth pressure balance into one, which can simultaneously realize the functions of earth pressure balance and slurry balance of the excavation face, can be used for tunneling in soil strata such as soft soil, clay, water-rich sand, silt, etc., effectively solve the gushing phenomenon, and mainly relates to the technical field of urban underground tunneling. Background Technique

[0002] With the rapid development of urban economy in China, the urban population density has been increasing continuously, bringing great traffic pressure to traffic travel. To alleviate the ground traffic congestion, subway tunnels are built in major cities in China, which are usually constructed by the methods of cut-and-cover method, open cut method and shield method.

[0003] Common types of shield machines include earth pressure balance shield machines and slurry balance shield machines. Earth pressure balance shields mainly use muck as the main medium to balance the formation pressure of the tunnel excavation face, and discharge muck through a screw conveyor. They are suitable for composite strata from clay, sand to uneven hardness; when constructing with this type of shield, there is no need for a slurry treatment site, the construction area occupied is relatively small, and the impact on the environment is relatively small. Its muck discharge method is intermittent muck discharge, and the muck discharge efficiency is relatively low; during the tunneling process of an earth pressure balance shield machine, if it encounters high water pressure or water-rich sand layer, it is very easy to generate gushing, resulting in safety risks such as overexcavation and collapse of the heading face and serious ground settlement, and it is necessary to stop the machine for a long time to treat the formation of the heading face. The slurry balance shield uses slurry as the main medium to balance the formation pressure of the tunnel excavation face, and discharges muck through a slurry conveying system. The muck is discharged through the mud discharge pipe in the form of slurry, which can realize continuous muck discharge, with high muck discharge efficiency and fast tunnel propulsion speed. It is suitable for tunnel construction with high water pressure and high ground settlement requirements. This type of shield requires a large construction site, can effectively handle the gushing phenomenon, can better control the stability of the excavation face and ground settlement, and ensure the construction progress and construction safety. However, the slurry balance shield needs to set up a slurry treatment site, which has disadvantages such as large equipment occupation area, high slurry treatment cost and environmental unfriendliness.

[0004] In order to reduce construction costs, reduce the occurrence of gushing, and be able to face various complex and changeable strata, patent publication number CN110306991B discloses a slurry and earth pressure dual-mode shield machine. This shield equipment has both the characteristics of a slurry balance shield machine and the functions of an earth pressure balance shield machine, and can flexibly switch the construction mode according to specific stratum conditions, thus effectively applying to complex and changeable strata. However, the dual-mode shield machine disclosed in this patent also requires a separate slurry mixing device to mix the slurry externally and then transport it to the soil chamber through a slurry pipe. There are still problems such as the need for a slurry treatment site for existing slurry balance shield machines, environmental impact, and high slurry treatment costs. Moreover, the use of external slurry also requires the shield machine to stop for a long time for treatment, extending the construction period and increasing construction costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the utility model patent provides a slurry and earth pressure dual-balance multi-chamber shield machine. This device can balance the excavation face through earth pressure and slurry at the same time, and does not require additional slurry supporting equipment. It can be used for tunneling in soil strata such as soft soil, clay, water-rich sandy soil, and silt, effectively solving the gushing phenomenon.

[0006] To achieve the above technical objectives, the utility model provides a slurry and earth pressure dual-balance multi-chamber shield machine, including a shield body, a screw conveyor, a shield cutter head connected in front of the shield body, and a soil chamber located between the shield cutter head and the shield body. The shield machine also includes a balance pressure regulating system. The balance pressure regulating system includes a booster pump and a balance pressure regulating chamber arranged at the lower part of the shield body. The balance pressure regulating chamber is an integral structure with the shield body, and the front end is communicated with the lower part of the soil chamber, and the rear end is connected with the screw conveyor. A partition door is arranged in the middle of the balance pressure regulating chamber. When the partition door is in the closed state, the balance pressure regulating chamber is divided into a front slurry and earth pressure chamber and a rear soil storage chamber. A screw conveyor is arranged in the slurry and earth pressure chamber. The booster pump is located above the slurry and earth pressure chamber and is respectively communicated with the slurry and earth pressure chamber and the upper part of the soil chamber through pipelines.

[0007] A further technical solution of the utility model: The partition door is in an open state during the normal tunneling of the shield machine.

[0008] A further technical solution of the utility model: Both the booster pump and the control mechanism of the partition door are signal-connected to the pressure monitoring system of the shield machine. When a pressure mutation occurs during the tunneling of the shield machine, the partition door is controlled to close, and the slurry and earth pressure chamber is in a sealed state under the closed state of the partition door.

[0009] A preferred technical solution of the utility model: The inlet end of the booster pump is communicated with the slurry and earth pressure chamber through a first pipeline, and the outlet end leads to the upper part of the soil chamber through a second pipeline.

[0010] A preferred technical solution of the present utility model: The screw conveyor is horizontally arranged below the mud and soil pressure cabin, its inlet end is communicated with the soil bin, and its outlet end extends to a position adjacent to the partition door.

[0011] A preferred technical solution of the present utility model: The shield machine is a large-diameter earth pressure balance shield machine with a diameter greater than 8m; the booster pump is fixedly installed at the lower part of the middle shield of the shield body.

[0012] A preferred technical solution of the present utility model: The partition door includes a door body and a hydraulic or electric opening and closing mechanism. An upper door frame and a lower door frame are provided in the middle of the balance pressure regulating cabin. The door body is hinged to the upper door frame, and a door groove is correspondingly provided on the lower door frame. The hydraulic or electric opening and closing mechanism is located in the soil storage cabin. One end of it is hinged to the inner top surface of the soil storage cabin, and the other end is hinged to the door body. By pushing or pulling the door body through the hydraulic or electric opening and closing mechanism, the automatic closing and opening of the door body are realized. When the door body is closed, its lower end is hermetically embedded in the door groove of the lower door frame; the pressure monitoring system of the shield machine is signal-connected to the control end of the hydraulic or electric opening and closing mechanism.

[0013] During the normal tunneling process of the shield machine, the booster pump is closed, the partition door is opened, the mud and soil pressure cabin and the soil storage cabin are in a connected state. The soil cut by the shield cutter head is transported to the soil storage cabin through the screw conveyor, and is transferred to the muck truck through the screw conveyor and transported out of the tunnel; when the shield machine encounters sudden water gushing during the tunneling process, the partition door is closed, the mud and soil pressure cabin is in a sealed state, the soil cut by the shield cutter head is mixed with water to form slurry and stored in the mud and soil pressure cabin, and is stirred by the screw conveyor. The booster pump is turned on, and the booster pump transports the slurry and pressure in the mud and soil pressure cabin to the upper part of the soil bin through the first pipeline and the second pipeline, so that the pressures on the upper and lower parts of the shield cutter head are kept consistent, and the shield machine continues to operate without stopping.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the patent of the present utility model are:

[0015] (1) For the earth pressure balance shield equipment, the present utility model adds a balance pressure regulating cabin and a boosting device, and divides the balance pressure regulating cabin into a closed cabin and a soil storage cabin by a hydraulic door. The balance pressure regulating cabin is communicated with the soil bin and the screw conveyor. Under normal circumstances, the hydraulic door is in an open state, and slag is discharged through the balance pressure regulating cabin; in case of gushing, the hydraulic door is controlled to close, and slag discharge is stopped. The screw conveying mechanism in the closed cabin is used to stir the water and soil entering the cabin to form slurry. At the same time, the boosting device is turned on, and the slurry and pressure are transported to the upper part of the cutter head through the boosting device, achieving the purpose of simultaneously using mud and earth pressure to balance the excavation face.

[0016] (2) The device in the present utility model does not require additional mud-water supporting equipment. By utilizing the gushing mud and storing it in the balance pressure regulating chamber, self-balance is achieved; there is no need to mix mud separately, saving mud mixing time, having a short downtime, and saving mud pipelines and external mud treatment equipment, which not only saves resources but also reduces the impact on the surrounding environment.

[0017] The present utility model realizes the purpose of excavating the face by both earth pressure and mud-water balance, and can be applicable to tunneling in soil strata such as soft soil, clay, water-rich sandy soil, and silt. When sudden gushing occurs, no additional measures such as grouting are required, and continuous tunneling without stopping can be achieved, reaching the effects of high efficiency, environmental protection, and economy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the patent of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the balance pressure regulating chamber in the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the pressurization system of the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the pressurization control principle of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 is the schematic diagram of the working state when the shield machine encounters water gushing.

[0023] In the figure: 1 - mud and earth pressure chamber, 2 - booster pump, 3 - shield body, 4 - shield cutter head, 5 - partition door, 500 - door body, 501 - hydraulic or electric opening and closing mechanism, 502 - upper door frame, 503 - lower door frame, 6 - soil storage chamber, 7 - screw conveyor, 8 - auger, 9 - first pipeline, 10 - second pipeline, 11 - soil bin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] The embodiments of the present patent will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions from beginning to end. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present patent and should not be construed as a limitation to the present patent.

[0025] In the description of this patent, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing this patent and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to this patent.

[0026] In the description of this patent, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be fixedly connected and set, or detachably connected and set, or integrally connected and set. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this patent can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0027] The embodiment provides a double balance of mud and soil pressure multi - chamber shield machine, which is modified from a large - diameter earth pressure balance shield machine with a diameter of more than 8m. As Figures 1 to 3 shown, it includes the original shield body 3 of the large - diameter earth pressure balance shield machine, the screw conveyor 8, the shield cutter head 4 connected in front of the shield body 3, the soil chamber 11 located between the shield cutter head 4 and the shield body 3, and the original pressure monitoring system of the large - diameter earth pressure balance shield machine; the shield machine also includes a balance pressure regulating chamber and a booster pump 2 arranged at the lower part of the shield body 3. The balance pressure regulating chamber and the shield body 3 are of an integral structure, and the balance pressure regulating chamber and the shield body 3 as a whole form a cylindrical structure with a diameter matching that of the soil chamber 11; the middle partition door 5 in the balance pressure regulating chamber divides it into the front mud and soil pressure chamber 1 and the rear soil storage chamber 6. The front end of the mud and soil pressure chamber 1 is integrally connected with the lower part of the soil chamber 11, and a screw conveyor 7 is arranged in the mud and soil pressure chamber 1. The screw conveyor 7 is horizontally arranged at the lower part of the mud and soil pressure chamber 1, its inlet end is communicated with the soil chamber 11, and the outlet end extends to a position adjacent to the partition door 5. The tail end of the soil storage chamber 6 is connected to the screw conveyor 8; the booster pump 2 is located in the middle shield of the shield body 3 and above the mud and soil pressure chamber 1. The booster pump 2 can adopt a booster mud pump, its inlet end is communicated with the mud and soil pressure chamber 1 through a first pipeline 9, and the outlet end leads to the upper part of the soil chamber 11 through a second pipeline 10.

[0028] In the embodiment, as Figure 2As shown in the figure, the partition door 5 includes a door body 500 and a hydraulic or electric opening and closing mechanism 501. An upper door frame 502 and a lower door frame 503 are provided in the middle of the balance pressure regulating chamber. The door body 500 is hinged to the upper door frame 502, and a door groove is correspondingly provided on the lower door frame 503. The hydraulic or electric opening and closing mechanism 501 is located in the soil storage chamber 6. One end of it is hinged to the inner top surface of the soil storage chamber 6, and the other end is hinged to the door body 500. By pushing or pulling the door body 500 through the hydraulic or electric opening and closing mechanism 501, the automatic closing and opening of the door body 500 are realized. When the door body 500 is closed, its lower end is hermetically embedded in the door groove of the lower door frame 503. The hydraulic or electric opening and closing mechanism 501 includes a hydraulic cylinder, an electric cylinder, an electric push rod or an electric pull rod.

[0029] As Figure 4 shown, the booster pump 2 and the control mechanism of the partition door 5 in the embodiment are both signal-connected to the pressure monitoring system of the earth pressure balance shield machine. After the pressure monitoring system of the earth pressure balance shield machine detects a sudden pressure change, the hydraulic or electric opening and closing mechanism 501 is triggered to control the door body 500 to close, completely separating the mud and soil pressure chamber 1 and the soil storage chamber 6, and at the same time triggering the booster pump 2 to work.

[0030] During the normal tunneling process of the shield machine in the embodiment, when there is no sudden water gushing, the booster pump 2 is closed and the booster pump 2 is in a non-working state. As Figure 1 shown, the partition door 5 is opened. At this time, the mud and soil pressure chamber 1 and the soil storage chamber 6 are in a communicating state. The soil cut by the shield cutter head 4 is transported to the soil storage chamber 6 through the screw conveyor 7 and transferred to the muck truck through the screw machine 8 to be transported out of the tunnel.

[0031] During the tunneling process of the shield machine in the embodiment, the pressure of the shield machine is monitored by its own pressure monitoring system. When there is a sudden water gushing, after the pressure monitoring system detects a sudden pressure change in the soil chamber and the cutter head of the shield machine, the control system is triggered, and the door body 500 is closed through the hydraulic or electric opening and closing mechanism 501. As Figure 5 shown, the partition door 5 completely separates the mud and soil pressure chamber 1 and the soil storage chamber 6. At this time, the mud and soil pressure chamber 1 is in a sealed state. The soil cut by the shield cutter head 4 is mixed with water to form slurry and stored in the mud and soil pressure chamber 1. The screw conveyor 7 works normally and plays a role in stirring the slurry. At the same time, the control system controls the booster pump 2 to start. The booster pump 2 sucks the slurry and pressure in the mud and soil pressure chamber 1 through the first pipeline 9, and then transports the slurry and pressure to the upper part of the soil chamber 11 through the second pipeline 10, so that the pressures above and below the shield cutter head 4 are kept consistent, and the geological conditions of the tunneling face are improved to realize continuous non-stop operation.

[0032] Although the present utility model patent has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model patent shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model patent.

Claims

1. A mud-water earth pressure double-balance multi-chamber shield machine, comprising a shield body (3), a screw machine (8), a shield cutter head (4) connected to the front of the shield body (3), and a soil bin (11) located between the shield cutter head (4) and the shield body (3), characterized in that: The shield machine also includes a balanced pressure regulating system, which includes a booster pump (2) and a balanced pressure regulating cabin arranged at the lower part of the shield body (3). The balanced pressure regulating cabin and the shield body (3) are an integrated structure, and the front end is connected to the lower part of the soil bin (11), and the rear end is connected to the screw machine (8); a partition door (5) is provided in the middle of the balanced pressure regulating cabin, and when the partition door (5) is closed, the balanced pressure regulating cabin is divided into a mud, water and soil ballast cabin (1) at the front and a soil storage cabin (6) at the rear, and a screw conveyor (7) is provided in the mud, water and soil ballast cabin (1); the booster pump (2) is located above the mud, water and soil ballast cabin (1), and is connected to the mud, water and soil ballast cabin (1) and the upper part of the soil bin (11) through pipelines respectively.

2. The mud-water earth pressure double-balance multi-chamber shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition door (5) is in an open state when the shield machine is in a normal excavation state.

3. A mud-water earth pressure double-balance multi-chamber shield machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The control mechanisms of the booster pump (2) and the partition door (5) are both connected to the pressure monitoring system signal of the shield machine, and when a sudden pressure change occurs during the tunneling process of the shield machine, the partition door (5) is controlled to close, and the mud and water ballast chamber (1) is in a sealed state when the partition door (5) is closed.

4. A mud-water earth pressure double-balance multi-chamber shield machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The inlet end of the booster pump (2) is connected to the mud and water soil ballast tank (1) through a first pipeline (9), and the outlet end is connected to the upper part of the soil bin (11) through a second pipeline (10).

5. A mud-water earth pressure double-balance multi-chamber shield machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The screw conveyor (7) is horizontally disposed at the lower part of the mud and water soil ballast chamber (1), with its inlet end being communicated with the soil bin (11) and its outlet end extending to a position adjacent to the partition door (5).

6. A mud-water earth pressure double-balance multi-chamber shield machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The shield machine is a large-diameter earth pressure balance shield machine with a diameter greater than 8 m; the booster pump (2) is fixedly mounted on the lower middle part of the shield body (3).

7. The mud-water earth pressure double-balance multi-chamber shield machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The partition door (5) comprises a door body (500) and a hydraulic or electric opening and closing mechanism (501). An upper door frame (502) and a lower door frame (503) are provided in the middle of the balance and pressure regulating cabin. The door body (500) is hingedly connected to the upper door frame (502), and a door groove is correspondingly provided on the lower door frame (503). The hydraulic or electric opening and closing mechanism (501) is located in the soil storage cabin (6), one end of which is hingedly connected to the top surface of the soil storage cabin (6), and the other end is hingedly connected to the door body (500). The door body (500) is pushed or pulled by the hydraulic or electric opening and closing mechanism (501) to realize automatic closing and opening of the door body (500), and when the door body (500) is closed, its lower end is sealed and embedded in the door groove of the lower door frame (503); the pressure monitoring system of the shield machine is signal-connected to the control end of the hydraulic or electric opening and closing mechanism (501).

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