Grain drying machine capable of drying at variable temperature in parallel and countercurrent manner

Abstract

The utility model relates to a grain drying machine capable of drying at variable temperature in parallel and countercurrent directions, and belongs to the field of grain drying. Comprising a plurality of drying chambers, a cooling chamber, a plurality of moisture removal chambers, a grain feeding mechanism, a grain discharging mechanism, a first hot air supply mechanism, a second hot air supply mechanism, a cold air supply mechanism, a tail gas settling chamber, a concrete base, an elevator and a ladder stand guardrail. The drying chamber is arranged above the cooling chamber, the moisture removal chambers are arranged at the top ends and the bottom ends of the drying chamber and the cooling chamber respectively, the grain feeding mechanism and the grain discharging mechanism are arranged at the top end of the uppermost moisture removal chamber and the bottom end of the lowermost moisture removal chamber respectively, and the tail gas settling chambers are arranged on the side walls of the drying chamber, the cooling chamber and the moisture removal chambers. The first hot air supply mechanism and the second hot air supply mechanism communicate with the side wall of the moisture removal chamber, and the cold air supply mechanism communicates with the side wall of the cooling chamber. The grain dryer is beneficial to segmented variable-temperature drying, so that the drying is more uniform, the quality of the dried grains is good, and energy conservation and emission reduction are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of grain drying, in particular to a grain dryer with a countercurrent and variable temperature drying method. Background Art

[0002] With the annual increase of grain output and the improvement of mechanized harvesting degree in China, the value and significance of quality-preserving drying of grains are becoming more and more prominent. The main drying method of the existing grain dryers is hot air drying, and the hot air temperatures of multiple hot air pipes are the same. At a relatively high temperature, the drying efficiency is relatively high, but high-temperature drying will cause thermal damage to some grains, and the taste quality and nutritional components of the grains are damaged, resulting in a reduction in the quality after drying. Moreover, in the existing dryer, one hot air inlet pipe is connected to one drying section, and the drying section is arranged in an alternating and spaced manner with one layer of air inlet angled pipes and one layer of exhaust angled pipes. When high-temperature hot air dries grains, "hot zones" and "cold zones" are easily generated, making the grain drying uneven and the quality after drying worse; the energy consumption of drying grains with high-temperature hot air is relatively high, and the residual temperature after hot air drying is also relatively high, resulting in insufficient energy utilization and energy waste; the drying waste gas contains a large amount of impurities. If it is directly discharged into the air after drying, the dust concentration is high, causing environmental pollution and not meeting the relevant environmental protection standards. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a grain dryer with a countercurrent and variable temperature drying method to solve the above problems.

[0004] The technical solution for the utility model to solve the above technical problems is as follows: A grain dryer with a countercurrent and variable temperature drying method includes: a plurality of drying chambers, a cooling chamber, a plurality of moisture exhaust chambers, a grain feeding mechanism, a grain discharging mechanism, a first hot air supply mechanism, a second hot air supply mechanism, a cold air supply mechanism, a tail gas sedimentation chamber, a concrete base, an elevator and a ladder guardrail; the drying chambers are arranged above the cooling chamber, and the plurality of moisture exhaust chambers are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the drying chambers and the cooling chamber. The grain feeding mechanism and the grain discharging mechanism are respectively arranged at the top of the uppermost moisture exhaust chamber and the bottom of the lowermost moisture exhaust chamber. The top and bottom of the elevator are respectively connected to the grain feeding mechanism and the grain discharging mechanism. The grain discharging mechanism is installed on the concrete base. The drying chambers, the cooling chamber, the moisture exhaust chambers, the grain feeding mechanism and the grain discharging mechanism are all installed on the ladder guardrail. The tail gas sedimentation chamber is arranged on the side walls of the drying chambers, the cooling chamber and the moisture exhaust chambers. Both the first hot air supply mechanism and the second hot air supply mechanism are communicated with the side walls of the moisture exhaust chambers. The cold air supply mechanism is communicated with the side wall of the cooling chamber. The connection point of the first hot air supply mechanism and the side wall of the moisture exhaust chamber is arranged above the connection point of the second hot air supply mechanism and the side wall of the moisture exhaust chamber.

[0005] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The first hot air supply mechanism and the second hot air supply mechanism adjust the temperature of the hot air, so that different grain drying temperatures exist in multiple drying chambers, forming multi-stage variable temperature drying. After the hot air in the multiple drying chambers dries the grains, the exhaust gas is discharged from the moisture exhaust chambers provided at the upper and lower ends of the drying chamber and connected to the drying chamber to the tail gas sedimentation chamber, forming co-current and counter-current drying, which can effectively improve the grain drying efficiency. Finally, after the impurities in the exhaust gas are filtered out by the tail gas sedimentation chamber and discharged, it is beneficial to reduce air pollution and ensure the quality of the dried grains; The multiple moisture exhaust chambers are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the drying chamber and the cooling chamber, which is beneficial to make the grains fall from one drying chamber to another drying chamber, and finally, during the process of reaching the cooling chamber, make full use of the residual temperature of the hot air in the drying chamber to provide drying for the grains, achieving the purpose of energy conservation.

[0006] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present utility model can also be improved as follows.

[0007] Further, both the top and bottom of the drying chamber are communicated with the moisture exhaust chamber. The drying chamber is of an annular structure. A plurality of opposite hot air inlets are arranged on the side wall of the drying chamber. A plurality of hot air inlet angular pipes are respectively communicated between the plurality of opposite hot air inlets. The hot air inlet angular pipes are arranged in the drying chamber and are of a housing structure with an open bottom end.

[0008] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the plurality of opposite hot air inlets are beneficial to transmit the hot air provided by the first hot air supply mechanism and the second hot air supply mechanism into the hot air inlet angular pipes in the drying chamber, and diffuse upward or downward from the hot air inlet angular pipes, cooperating with the grains falling from top to bottom under the action of gravity to realize the drying of the grains.

[0009] Further, the moisture exhaust chamber is of an annular structure with the same size as the drying chamber. A plurality of opposite exhaust gas outlets are arranged on the side wall of the moisture exhaust chamber. A plurality of exhaust angular pipes are respectively communicated between the plurality of opposite exhaust gas outlets. The exhaust angular pipes are arranged in the moisture exhaust chamber and are of a housing structure with an open bottom end.

[0010] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the exhaust angular pipes are beneficial to converge the exhaust gas generated during the grain drying process and discharge it from the plurality of opposite exhaust gas outlets into the tail gas sedimentation chamber, thereby making the quality of the dried grains better and the impurities less.

[0011] Further, the tail gas sedimentation chamber includes a baffle and a plurality of filter meshes; The baffle is a plate-like structure adapted to the side wall contour of the moisture exhaust chamber and arranged close to the exhaust gas outlet, and the filter meshes are hermetically arranged between the baffle and the outer wall of the moisture exhaust chamber.

[0012] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are as follows: The baffle cooperates with the filter screen and the side wall of the moisture exhaust chamber, which is conducive to forming a space for receiving waste gas. The filter screen is conducive to filtering impurities such as dust in the waste gas and then discharging it into the atmosphere, avoiding environmental pollution.

[0013] Furthermore, both the top and bottom of the cooling chamber are communicated with the moisture exhaust chamber. The cooling chamber is of an annular structure. A plurality of opposite cold air inlets are arranged on the side wall of the cooling chamber. A plurality of opposite cold air inlets are respectively communicated through a plurality of cold air intake angled pipes. The cold air intake angled pipes are arranged inside the cooling chamber and are of a housing structure with an open bottom end.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are as follows: A plurality of opposite cold air inlets are conducive to transmitting the cold air provided by the cold air supply mechanism into the cold air intake angled pipes inside the cooling chamber, and diffusing upward or downward from the cold air intake angled pipes. Cooperating with the grains that fall from top to bottom under the action of gravity, it realizes the cooling of the dried grains and simultaneously removes the residual temperature inside the grains.

[0015] Furthermore, the cold air supply mechanism includes: an outer-ring-embracing cold air pipeline, a cold air pipe, and a cold air blower; the outer-ring-embracing cold air pipeline is wound around the side wall of the cooling chamber and is communicated with the cold air inlet. Both ends of the cold air pipe are respectively connected to the outer-ring-embracing cold air pipeline and the cold air blower.

[0016] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are as follows: The cold air blower is conducive to generating cold air, and the cold air is transmitted to the inside of the cooling chamber through the cold air pipe and the outer-ring-embracing cold air pipeline to cool the dried grains and remove the residual temperature inside the grains.

[0017] Furthermore, both the hot air intake angled pipe and the exhaust angled pipe, and the cold air intake angled pipe and the exhaust angled pipe are arranged in a cross-cross manner.

[0018] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are as follows: It is conducive to slowing down the falling speed of the grains, enabling the grains to fully discharge moisture in the moisture exhaust chamber, and at the same time fully drying or cooling in the drying chamber or the cooling chamber.

[0019] Furthermore, the first hot air supply mechanism includes a first outer-ring-embracing hot air pipeline, a first hot air pipe, and a small hot blast stove; the second hot air supply mechanism includes a second outer-ring-embracing hot air pipeline, a second hot air pipe, and a large hot blast stove; both the first outer-ring-embracing hot air pipeline and the second outer-ring-embracing hot air pipeline are wound around the side wall of the drying chamber and are communicated with the hot air inlet. Both ends of the first hot air pipe are respectively connected to the first outer-ring-embracing hot air pipeline and the small hot blast stove. Both ends of the second hot air pipe are respectively connected to the second outer-ring-embracing hot air pipeline and the large hot blast stove.

[0020] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further solution are as follows: The small hot blast stove and the large hot blast stove can generate hot air at different temperatures, and input the hot air into the drying chamber through the first outer-ring hot air pipeline, the first hot air pipe, the second outer-ring hot air pipeline, and the second hot air pipe, so as to perform zoning drying on the grains moving from top to bottom, forming multi-stage variable-temperature drying, avoiding thermal damage to some grains, ensuring the taste quality and nutritional components of the grains, and improving the quality of the grains after drying.

[0021] Furthermore, it further includes a tempering layer, and the tempering layer is arranged in multiple moisture exhaust chambers between adjacent two drying chambers and in multiple moisture exhaust chambers between the lowermost drying chamber and the cooling chamber.

[0022] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further solution are as follows: The tempering layer is beneficial to drying the grains by making full use of the residual temperature retained between the grains during the previous drying during the distance when the grains fall to another drying chamber or the cooling chamber after one-time drying, avoiding waste of energy.

[0023] Furthermore, the grain feeding mechanism includes an upper grain chute, a top cover, and a grain storage section. The grain storage section is a tubular structure, the top cover is arranged at the top of the grain storage section, the bottom end of the grain storage section is communicated with the uppermost moisture exhaust chamber, the top end of the upper grain chute is connected with the top end of the elevator, the bottom end of the upper grain chute passes through the top cover and is communicated with the grain storage section; the grain discharging mechanism includes a lower grain chute and a grain discharging section; the grain discharging section is a tubular structure, the grain discharging section is installed on the concrete base, the top end and the bottom end of the grain discharging section are respectively communicated with the lowermost moisture exhaust chamber and the top end of the lower grain chute, and the bottom end of the lower grain chute is communicated with the bottom end of the elevator and an external grain receiving device.

[0024] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further solution are as follows: The cooperation of the grain feeding mechanism, the grain discharging mechanism and the elevator is beneficial to realizing the lifting of the grains from low to high, and then making the grains fall in the drying chamber, the cooling chamber and the moisture exhaust chamber under the action of gravity, realizing drying, moisture exhaust and cooling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the drying chamber and the moisture exhaust chamber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the cooling chamber and the moisture exhaust chamber provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Among them, it should be noted that, for the convenience of showing the positions and connection relationships of some components,Figure 2 and Figure 3 The partial structures of the first hot air supply mechanism, the outer-ring cold air duct, and the tail gas sedimentation chamber are shown in section.

[0029] In the attached drawings, the components represented by each reference numeral are listed as follows:

[0030] 1. Drying chamber; 2. Cooling chamber; 3. Moisture exhaust chamber; 4. Grain inlet mechanism; 5. Grain discharge mechanism; 6. First hot air supply mechanism; 7. Second hot air supply mechanism; 8. Cold air supply mechanism; 9. Tail gas sedimentation chamber; 10. Concrete base; 11. Elevator; 12. Ladder guardrail; 13. Conditioning layer; 101. Hot air inlet; 102. Hot air inlet angular pipe; 201. Cold air inlet; 202. Cold air inlet angular pipe; 301. Exhaust gas outlet; 302. Exhaust angular pipe; 401. Upper grain chute; 402. Top cover; 403. Grain storage section; 501. Lower grain chute; 502. Grain discharge section; 601. First outer-ring hot air duct; 602. First hot air pipe; 603. Small hot blast stove; 701. Second outer-ring hot air duct; 702. Second hot air pipe; 703. Large hot blast stove; 801. Outer-ring cold air duct; 802. Cold air pipe; 803. Cold air blower; 901. Baffle; 902. Filter screen. Specific embodiments

[0031] The principles and features of the present invention are described below. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0032] As Figures 1 to 3As shown in the figure, a grain dryer with variable temperature drying in both forward and reverse directions includes: a plurality of drying chambers 1, a cooling chamber 2, a plurality of moisture exhaust chambers 3, a grain inlet mechanism 4, a grain outlet mechanism 5, a first hot air supply mechanism 6, a second hot air supply mechanism 7, a cold air supply mechanism 8, an exhaust gas sedimentation chamber 9, a concrete base 10, an elevator 11 and a ladder guardrail 12; the drying chambers 1 are arranged above the cooling chamber 2, and the plurality of moisture exhaust chambers 3 are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the drying chambers 1 and the cooling chamber 2, the grain inlet mechanism 4 and the grain outlet mechanism 5 are respectively arranged at the top of the uppermost moisture exhaust chamber 3 and the bottom of the lowermost moisture exhaust chamber 3, the top and bottom of the elevator 11 are respectively connected to the grain inlet mechanism 4 and the grain outlet mechanism 5, the grain outlet mechanism 5 is installed on the concrete base 10, the drying chambers 1, the cooling chamber 2, the moisture exhaust chambers 3, the grain inlet mechanism 4 and the grain outlet mechanism 5 are all installed on the ladder guardrail 12, the exhaust gas sedimentation chamber 9 is arranged on the side walls of the drying chambers 1, the cooling chamber 2 and the moisture exhaust chambers 3, the first hot air supply mechanism 6 and the second hot air supply mechanism 7 are both communicated with the side walls of the moisture exhaust chamber 3, the cold air supply mechanism 8 is communicated with the side wall of the cooling chamber 2, and the connection point of the first hot air supply mechanism 6 with the side wall of the moisture exhaust chamber 3 is arranged above the connection point of the second hot air supply mechanism 7 with the side wall of the moisture exhaust chamber 3.

[0033] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are: the first hot air supply mechanism and the second hot air supply mechanism adjust the temperature of the hot air, so that different grain drying temperatures exist in the plurality of drying chambers, forming multi-stage variable temperature drying. After the hot air in the plurality of drying chambers dries the grain, the exhaust gas is discharged from the moisture exhaust chambers arranged at the upper and lower ends of the drying chamber and communicated with the drying chamber to the exhaust gas sedimentation chamber, forming forward and reverse flow drying, which can effectively improve the grain drying efficiency. Finally, the exhaust gas sedimentation chamber filters out the impurities in the exhaust gas and then discharges it, which is beneficial to reducing air pollution and ensuring the quality of the dried grain; the plurality of moisture exhaust chambers are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the drying chamber and the cooling chamber, which is beneficial to making the grain fully utilize the residual temperature of the hot air in the drying chamber to provide drying when the grain falls from one drying chamber to another and finally reaches the cooling chamber, achieving the purpose of energy saving.

[0034] Preferably, as Figure 2 shown, both the top and bottom of the drying chamber 1 are communicated with the moisture exhaust chamber 3, the drying chamber 1 is of an annular structure, and a plurality of opposite hot air inlets 101 are arranged on the side wall of the drying chamber 1. The plurality of opposite hot air inlets 101 are respectively communicated through a plurality of hot air intake angled pipes 102. The hot air intake angled pipes 102 are arranged inside the drying chamber 1 and are of a housing structure with an open bottom.

[0035] Among them, it should be noted that in the technical solution of the present utility model, a plurality of opposite hot air inlets 101 are arranged in multiple layers on the side wall of the drying chamber 1.

[0036] The beneficial effect of adopting the above preferred solution is that a plurality of opposite hot air inlets are beneficial to transmitting the hot air provided by the first hot air supply mechanism and the second hot air supply mechanism into the hot air inlet angled pipe in the drying chamber, and diffusing upward or downward from the hot air inlet angled pipe, cooperating with the grains falling from top to bottom under the action of gravity to achieve drying of the grains.

[0037] Preferably, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the moisture exhaust chamber 3 is an annular structure having the same size as the drying chamber 1. A plurality of opposite exhaust gas outlets 301 are provided on the side wall of the moisture exhaust chamber 3. A plurality of opposite exhaust gas outlets 301 are respectively communicated through a plurality of exhaust angled pipes 302. The exhaust angled pipes 302 are arranged in the moisture exhaust chamber 3 and are a housing structure with an open bottom end.

[0038] Among them, it should be noted that in the technical solution of the present utility model, a plurality of opposite exhaust gas outlets 301 are arranged in multiple layers on the side wall of the moisture exhaust chamber 3.

[0039] The beneficial effect of adopting the above preferred solution is that the exhaust angled pipes are beneficial to converging the exhaust gas generated during the drying of grains and discharging it from a plurality of opposite exhaust gas outlets into the tail gas sedimentation chamber, thereby making the quality of the dried grains better and the impurities less.

[0040] Preferably, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the tail gas sedimentation chamber 9 includes a baffle 901 and a plurality of filter meshes 902; the baffle 901 is a plate-like structure adapted to the side wall contour of the moisture exhaust chamber 3 and is arranged close to the exhaust gas outlet 301, and the filter meshes 902 are hermetically arranged between the baffle 901 and the outer wall of the moisture exhaust chamber 3.

[0041] The beneficial effect of adopting the above preferred solution is that the baffle cooperates with the filter mesh and the side wall of the moisture exhaust chamber, which is beneficial to forming a space for receiving exhaust gas. The filter mesh is beneficial to filtering dust and other impurities in the exhaust gas and then discharging it into the atmosphere to avoid environmental pollution.

[0042] Preferably, as Figure 3As shown in the figure, the top and bottom of the cooling chamber 2 are both communicated with the moisture exhaust chamber 3. The cooling chamber 2 is of an annular structure. A plurality of opposite cold air inlets 201 are provided on the side wall of the cooling chamber 2. A plurality of opposite cold air inlets 201 are respectively communicated through a plurality of cold air inlet angled pipes 202. The cold air inlet angled pipes 202 are arranged inside the cooling chamber 2 and are of a housing structure with an open bottom end.

[0043] Among them, it should be noted that: in the technical solution of the present invention, a plurality of opposite cold air inlets 201 are arranged in multiple layers on the side wall of the cooling chamber 2.

[0044] The beneficial effects of adopting the above preferred solution are: a plurality of opposite cold air inlets are beneficial to transmitting the cold air provided by the cold air supply mechanism into the cold air inlet angled pipes in the cooling chamber, and diffusing upward or downward from the cold air inlet angled pipes, cooperating with the grains falling from top to bottom under the action of gravity, realizing the cooling of the grains after drying, and at the same time removing the remaining temperature inside the grains.

[0045] Preferably, as Figure 1 shown, the cold air supply mechanism 8 includes: an outer-ring-encircling cold air pipe 801, a cold air pipe 802 and a cold air blower 803; the outer-ring-encircling cold air pipe 801 is wound around the side wall of the cooling chamber 2 and is communicated with the cold air inlets 201. The two ends of the cold air pipe 802 are respectively connected to the outer-ring-encircling cold air pipe 801 and the cold air blower 803.

[0046] Among them, it should be noted that: as Figure 3 shown, in the technical solution of the present invention, the tail gas sedimentation chamber 9 passes through the outer-ring-encircling cold air pipe 801.

[0047] The beneficial effects of adopting the above preferred solution are: the cold air blower is beneficial to generating cold air, and the cold air is transmitted to the inside of the cooling chamber through the cold air pipe and the outer-ring-encircling cold air pipe to cool the dried grains and remove the remaining temperature inside the grains.

[0048] Preferably, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, both the hot air inlet angled pipe 102 and the exhaust angled pipe 302 and the cold air inlet angled pipe 202 and the exhaust angled pipe 302 are arranged in a cross shape.

[0049] The beneficial effects of adopting the above preferred solution are: it is beneficial to slow down the falling speed of the grains, enable the grains to fully discharge moisture in the moisture exhaust chamber, and at the same time fully dry or cool in the drying chamber or the cooling chamber.

[0050] Preferably, as Figure 1As shown, the first hot air supply mechanism 6 includes a first outer-ring hot air duct 601, a first hot air pipe 602, and a small hot blast stove 603; the second hot air supply mechanism 7 includes a second outer-ring hot air duct 701, a second hot air pipe 702, and a large hot blast stove 703; both the first outer-ring hot air duct 601 and the second outer-ring hot air duct 701 are wound around the side wall of the drying chamber 1 and are communicated with the hot air inlet 101. Two ends of the first hot air pipe 602 are respectively connected to the first outer-ring hot air duct 601 and the small hot blast stove 603, and two ends of the second hot air pipe 702 are respectively connected to the second outer-ring hot air duct 701 and the large hot blast stove 703.

[0051] Among them, it should be noted that: in the technical solution of the present invention, the hot air temperature generated by the small hot blast stove 603 is higher than the hot air temperature generated by the large hot blast stove 703, which is beneficial to drying the grains at a higher temperature first and then at a lower temperature, forming multi-stage variable temperature drying.

[0052] The beneficial effects of adopting the above preferred solution are: the small hot blast stove and the large hot blast stove can generate hot air at different temperatures, and input the hot air into the drying chamber through the first outer-ring hot air duct, the first hot air pipe, the second outer-ring hot air duct, and the second hot air pipe, and perform zoned drying on the grains moving from top to bottom, forming multi-stage variable temperature drying, avoiding thermal damage to some grains, ensuring the taste quality and nutritional components of the grains, and improving the quality of the grains after drying.

[0053] Preferably, as Figure 2 shown, it further includes a tempering layer 13, and the tempering layer 13 is arranged in a plurality of the moisture exhaust chambers 3 between adjacent two drying chambers 1 and in a plurality of the moisture exhaust chambers 3 between the lowermost drying chamber 1 and the cooling chamber 2.

[0054] Among them, it should be noted that: in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, at the top and bottom of each drying chamber 1 and at the top and bottom of each cooling chamber 2, one moisture exhaust chamber 3 is provided, so that two moisture exhaust chambers 3 are provided between adjacent two drying chambers 1 and between the lowermost drying chamber 1 and the cooling chamber 2;

[0055] And between adjacent two drying chambers 1 and between the lowermost drying chamber 1 and the cooling chamber 2, the tempering layer 13 is the distance between the bottom end of the exhaust angle pipe 302 in the uppermost moisture exhaust chamber 3 and the top end of the exhaust angle pipe 302 in the lowermost moisture exhaust chamber 3, as Figure 2 shown.

[0056] The beneficial effects of adopting the above preferred solution are as follows: The slow-susceptibility layer is conducive to making full use of the residual temperature retained between grains during the previous drying to dry the grains by taking advantage of the distance when the grains fall to another drying chamber or cooling chamber after the first drying of the grains, thus avoiding waste of energy.

[0057] Preferably, as Figure 1 shown, the grain inlet mechanism 4 includes an upper grain chute 401, a top cover 402 and a grain storage section 403. The grain storage section 403 is of a tubular structure. The top cover 402 is arranged at the top end of the grain storage section 403. The bottom end of the grain storage section 403 is communicated with the uppermost moisture exhaust chamber 3. The top end of the upper grain chute 401 is connected to the top end of the elevator 11. The bottom end of the upper grain chute 401 passes through the top cover 402 and is communicated with the grain storage section 403. The grain discharging mechanism 5 includes a lower grain chute 501 and a grain discharging section 502. The grain discharging section 502 is of a tubular structure. The grain discharging section 502 is installed on the concrete base 10. The top end and the bottom end of the grain discharging section 502 are respectively communicated with the lowermost moisture exhaust chamber 3 and the top end of the lower grain chute 501. The bottom end of the lower grain chute 501 is communicated with the bottom end of the elevator 11 and an external grain receiving device.

[0058] Among them, it should be noted that: in the technical solution of the present invention, the lower grain chute 501 is an inverted Y-shaped tubular structure, and valves are arranged in both of the two branch pipes at the lower end. The two branch pipes are respectively communicated with the bottom end of the elevator 11 and an external grain receiving device, and work in cooperation with an external control mechanism and a humidity detection device. When the humidity of the grains in the grain discharging section 502 reaches the required value, the control mechanism controls the valve in the branch pipe communicated with the external grain receiving device to open, and conveys the grains in the grain discharging section 502 to the external grain receiving device. When the humidity of the grains in the grain discharging section 502 is greater than the required value, the control mechanism controls the valve in the branch pipe communicated with the bottom end of the elevator 11 to open, and conveys the grains in the grain discharging section 502 to the elevator 11 again for drying again.

[0059] The beneficial effects of adopting the above preferred solution are as follows: The grain inlet mechanism and the grain discharging mechanism cooperate with the elevator, which is conducive to realizing the lifting of grains from low to high, and then making the grains fall in the drying chamber, the cooling chamber and the moisture exhaust chamber under the action of gravity to realize drying, moisture exhaust and cooling.

[0060] The working process of the present invention will be described below through an embodiment:

[0061] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the grains to be dried enter the upper grain chute 401 through the elevator 11 and enter the grain storage section 403 along the upper grain chute 401;

[0062] Next, the grain to be dried passes through the moisture exhaust chambers 3 at the top of multiple drying chambers 1, the drying chambers 1, the moisture exhaust chambers 3 at the bottom of the drying chambers 1, the moisture exhaust chambers 3 at the top of the cooling chamber 2, the cooling chamber 2, and the moisture exhaust chambers 3 at the bottom of the cooling chamber 2 in sequence under the action of gravity. During this process, the grain will be successively dried by the high-temperature hot air generated by the small hot blast stove 603, undergo the tempering effect of the tempering layer 13, dried by the slightly lower-temperature hot air generated by the large hot blast stove 703 relative to the small hot blast stove 603, undergo the tempering effect of the tempering layer 13, and be cooled by the cold air generated by the air cooler 803. At the same time, when the grain passes through the moisture exhaust chamber 3, the hot air will carry impurities such as dust on the surface of the grain to form waste gas, and the waste gas is discharged from the waste gas outlet 301 to the tail gas sedimentation chamber 9, and is discharged to the atmosphere after passing through the filtration of the filter screen 902, while the impurities remain in the tail gas sedimentation chamber 9;

[0063] Finally, the dried, tempered, and cooled grain reaches the grain discharging section 502. If the humidity of the grain meets the requirements at this time, the dried grain is discharged from the lower grain chute 501 to the external grain receiving equipment, completing the drying of the grain. If the humidity of the grain is greater than the requirements at this time, the grain re-enters the elevator 11 from the lower grain chute 501, and enters the upper grain chute 401 again through the elevator 11, and repeats the above steps for drying again until it meets the requirements and is discharged from the lower grain chute 501 to the external grain receiving equipment.

[0064] In the technical solution of the present utility model, the drying chamber is communicated through the first hot air supply mechanism and the second hot air supply mechanism, and the small hot blast stove and the large hot blast stove supply hot air respectively, so as to achieve multi-stage variable temperature and tempering drying; the hot air enters the double-layer intake angle pipe in the drying chamber, and the drying waste gas is discharged from the exhaust angle pipe in the moisture exhaust chamber communicated with the drying chamber, realizing co-current and counter-current drying, improving the grain drying efficiency and ensuring the quality of the dried grain; in the preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the moisture exhaust chamber, the drying chamber and the cooling chamber have the same structure, and the tower body structure of the dryer can be assembled in a modular way, which is convenient for installation, replacement and maintenance; tail gas sedimentation chambers are arranged at the waste gas outlets on both sides of the moisture exhaust chamber, reducing the emission of large particle pollutants and dust; a concrete base is arranged at the bottom of the grain discharging section, playing a role of fixing and supporting.

[0065] In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0066] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0067] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, terms such as "mounted", "connected", "connected to", "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0068] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0069] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0070] Although the embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A grain dryer for concurrent and countercurrent temperature-variable drying, characterized in that: include: A plurality of drying chambers (1), a cooling chamber (2), a plurality of dehumidification chambers (3), a grain feeding mechanism (4), a grain discharging mechanism (5), a first hot air supply mechanism (6), a second hot air supply mechanism (7), a cold air supply mechanism (8), an exhaust gas settling chamber (9), a concrete base (10), a hoist (11) and a ladder guardrail (12); The drying chamber (1) is arranged above the cooling chamber (2); a plurality of dehumidification chambers (3) are respectively arranged at the top and bottom of the drying chamber (1) and the cooling chamber (2); the grain feeding mechanism (4) and the grain discharging mechanism (5) are respectively arranged at the top of the top dehumidification chamber (3) and the bottom of the bottom dehumidification chamber (3); the top and bottom of the elevator (11) are respectively connected to the grain feeding mechanism (4) and the grain discharging mechanism (5); the grain discharging mechanism (5) is installed on the concrete base (10); the drying chamber (1), the cooling chamber (2), the dehumidification chamber (3), The grain feeding mechanism (4) and the grain discharging mechanism (5) are both installed on the ladder guardrail (12); the exhaust gas settling chamber (9) is arranged on the side walls of the drying chamber (1), the cooling chamber (2) and the dehumidification chamber (3); the first hot air supply mechanism (6) and the second hot air supply mechanism (7) are both connected to the side wall of the dehumidification chamber (3); the cold air supply mechanism (8) is connected to the side wall of the cooling chamber (2); and the connection point between the first hot air supply mechanism (6) and the side wall of the dehumidification chamber (3) is arranged above the connection point between the second hot air supply mechanism (7) and the side wall of the dehumidification chamber (3).

2. A grain dryer for concurrent and countercurrent temperature-variable drying according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top and bottom ends of the drying chamber (1) are both connected to the dehumidification chamber (3); the drying chamber (1) is an annular structure; a plurality of hot air inlets (101) are arranged on the side walls of the drying chamber (1); the plurality of hot air inlets (101) are connected to each other via a plurality of hot air inlet angular tubes (102); the hot air inlet angular tubes (102) are arranged in the drying chamber (1) and are a shell structure with an open bottom end.

3. A grain dryer for concurrent and countercurrent temperature-variable drying according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dehumidification chamber (3) is an annular structure of the same size as the drying chamber (1). A plurality of waste gas outlets (301) are arranged on the side wall of the dehumidification chamber (3). The plurality of waste gas outlets (301) are connected to each other via a plurality of exhaust angular tubes (302). The exhaust angular tubes (302) are arranged in the dehumidification chamber (3) and are a shell structure with an open bottom.

4. The grain dryer for concurrent and countercurrent temperature-variable drying according to claim 3, characterized in that: The exhaust gas settling chamber (9) comprises a baffle (901) and a plurality of filter screens (902); the baffle (901) is a plate-shaped structure adapted to the side wall profile of the dehumidification chamber (3) and arranged close to the exhaust gas outlet (301); the filter screens (902) are sealed and arranged between the baffle (901) and the outer wall of the dehumidification chamber (3).

5. The grain dryer for concurrent and countercurrent temperature-variable drying according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top and bottom ends of the cooling chamber (2) are both connected to the dehumidification chamber (3); the cooling chamber (2) is an annular structure; a plurality of relatively cold air inlets (201) are arranged on the side walls of the cooling chamber (2); the relatively plurality of cold air inlets (201) are connected to each other via a plurality of cold air inlet angular tubes (202); the cold air inlet angular tubes (202) are arranged in the cooling chamber (2) and are a shell structure with an open bottom end.

6. The grain dryer for concurrent and countercurrent temperature-variable drying according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cold air supply mechanism (8) comprises: an outer encircling cold air duct (801), a cold air pipe (802) and a cold air blower (803); the outer encircling cold air duct (801) is arranged around the side wall of the cooling chamber (2) and is connected to the cold air inlet (201); and the two ends of the cold air pipe (802) are respectively connected to the outer encircling cold air duct (801) and the cold air blower (803).

7. The grain dryer for co-current and counter-current temperature-variable drying according to claim 5, characterized in that: The hot air intake angular tube (102) and the exhaust angular tube (302), as well as the cold air intake angular tube (202) and the exhaust angular tube (302), are all arranged in a cross pattern.

8. The grain dryer for concurrent and countercurrent temperature-variable drying according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first hot air supply mechanism (6) comprises a first outer encircling hot air duct (601), a first hot air pipe (602) and a small hot air furnace (603); the second hot air supply mechanism (7) comprises a second outer encircling hot air duct (701), a second hot air pipe (702) and a large hot air furnace (703); the first outer encircling hot air duct (601) and the second outer encircling hot air duct (701) are both arranged around the side wall of the drying chamber (1) and are connected to the hot air inlet (101); the two ends of the first hot air pipe (602) are respectively connected to the first outer encircling hot air duct (601) and the small hot air furnace (603); the two ends of the second hot air pipe (702) are respectively connected to the second outer encircling hot air duct (701) and the large hot air furnace (703).

9. The grain dryer for co-current and counter-current temperature-variable drying according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a slow-release layer (13), which is arranged in the plurality of dehumidification chambers (3) between two adjacent drying chambers (1) and in the plurality of dehumidification chambers (3) between the lowest drying chamber (1) and the cooling chamber (2).

10. The grain dryer for concurrent and countercurrent temperature-variable drying according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grain feeding mechanism (4) comprises an upper grain pipe (401), a top cover (402) and a grain storage section (403); the grain storage section (403) is a tubular structure; the top cover (402) is arranged at the top of the grain storage section (403); the bottom end of the grain storage section (403) is connected to the top of the dehumidification chamber (3); the top end of the upper grain pipe (401) is connected to the top end of the elevator (11); the bottom end of the upper grain pipe (401) passes through the top cover (402) and is connected to the grain storage section (403); The grain discharge mechanism (5) comprises a lower grain pipe (501) and a grain discharge section (502); the grain discharge section (502) is a tubular structure, and the grain discharge section (502) is installed on the concrete base (10); the top and bottom ends of the grain discharge section (502) are respectively connected to the lowest dehumidification chamber (3) and the top end of the lower grain pipe (501); the bottom end of the lower grain pipe (501) is connected to the bottom end of the elevator (11) and an external grain receiving device.

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