Heat pump and microwave combined drying equipment for alfalfa
Through the combined drying equipment of heat pump and microwave, the inverse Kano circulation and temperature and humidity sensor control is used to solve the problems of high energy consumption and large nutritional losses in traditional alfalfa drying technology, and the efficient and energy-saving alfalfa drying is achieved, and the nutritional value of alfalfa is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422038876.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-22
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-22
AI Technical Summary
Traditional alfalfa drying technology has problems such as long drying time, high energy consumption and large nutritional losses, and it is difficult to effectively reduce energy consumption while ensuring drying quality.
The combination of a heat pump drying system and a microwave drying system is used to send the gas heated through the heat pump drying system into the drying chamber, and the drying of alfalfa is realized under the joint action of the microwave drying system. The reverse Kano circulation principle is used to circulate the medium and the drying gas, and the drying process is accurately controlled in combination with the temperature and humidity sensor.
On the premise of ensuring drying quality, the feeding value and protein content of alfalfa are significantly improved, and the energy consumption and time of the drying process are reduced.
Smart Images
Figure CN223050352U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of alfalfa drying equipment, and particularly relates to a heat pump and microwave combined drying equipment for alfalfa. Background Technique
[0002] About 60% of the moisture needs to be removed from alfalfa from field harvest to safe storage. The traditional field sunning takes a long time and causes great nutritional loss; although artificial drying can accelerate the drying speed and improve the quality of alfalfa, it has high energy consumption. After the alfalfa is cut and harvested, it is directly transported to the processing workshop for extrusion dehydration. The liquid substances are processed and filled, which can be used as animal nutritional supplements; the moisture content of the solid substances is significantly reduced and can be directly sent to the drying equipment. After the treatment is completed, the alfalfa hay is packed. This technology completely eliminates the field modulation process after alfalfa harvest and changes it to modulation treatment in a fixed workshop, which can effectively avoid field sunning losses. For the above-mentioned direct treatment technology of high-moisture alfalfa, how to provide a heat pump and microwave combined drying equipment for alfalfa has become an urgent technical problem for those skilled in the art to solve. Content of the Utility Model
[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to design a heat pump and microwave combined drying equipment for alfalfa, which can effectively reduce the energy consumption during the drying process on the premise of ensuring the drying quality.
[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a heat pump and microwave combined drying equipment for alfalfa, including: a heat pump drying system, a air supply mechanism, a air guiding plate, a material drum, a driving component and a microwave drying system;
[0005] The heat pump drying system is located on one side of the drying chamber. One end of the air supply mechanism is arranged at the air outlet of the heat pump drying system, and the other end is located on one side of the air guiding plate arranged inside the drying chamber. One end of the material drum is rotatably connected to the air guiding plate through a supporting roller, and the other end is connected to the output end of the driving component through a supporting roller. The microwave drying system is located on one side of the material drum. An air inlet is arranged at one end of the heat pump drying system away from the air outlet, and the air inlet is communicated with a circulating air outlet opened on the drying chamber.
[0006] Further, it also includes an electric box, and the heat pump drying system, the air supply mechanism, the driving component and the microwave drying system are all electrically connected to the electric box.
[0007] Further, the heat pump drying system includes a compressor, a heat exchanger, an evaporator, a condenser and a water storage tank. The water storage tank is connected to the evaporator, the evaporator is connected to the compressor, the compressor is connected to the condenser, the condenser is connected to an expansion valve, and the expansion valve is connected to the evaporator to form a closed loop.
[0008] Furthermore, the air supply mechanism includes a blower and a circulation fan. The blower is arranged at the air outlet of the heat pump drying system, the circulation fan is arranged on one side of the air deflector, and the blower is communicated with the circulation fan through a pipeline.
[0009] Furthermore, the driving assembly includes a motor, a driving wheel and a driven wheel. The output end of the motor is connected with the driving wheel. The driving wheel is in transmission connection with the driven wheel through a belt, and the driven wheel is coaxially connected with the supporting roller.
[0010] Furthermore, the microwave drying system includes a microwave drying chamber and a microwave generator. The microwave drying chamber is located on one side of the drying bin. A plurality of microwave energy feeding ports are formed in the microwave drying chamber, and the microwave generator is arranged in the microwave drying chamber and located at the microwave energy feeding ports.
[0011] Furthermore, a switchable material opening is arranged on the material drum, and a feeding port and a discharging port are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the drying bin.
[0012] Furthermore, a temperature and humidity sensor is arranged on the drying bin.
[0013] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
[0014] By arranging the heat pump drying system and the microwave drying system, the gas heated by the heat pump drying system is sent into the drying bin through the air supply mechanism, and the drying of alfalfa is realized under the combined action of the microwave drying system. The circulation of the medium and the drying gas in the heat pump drying system is realized. On the premise of ensuring the drying quality, the energy consumption in the drying process can be effectively reduced. The alfalfa dried by the heat pump drying system and the microwave drying system has an obviously increased relative feeding value, and the protein content is also significantly improved compared with the traditional drying technology.
[0015] The utility model sets a heat pump drying system and a microwave drying system. When working, the material port on the drum will be aligned with the feed port on the upper part of the drying bin, and the compressed alfalfa will be loaded into the material drum through the feed port. After closing the feed port and the material port, the heat pump drying system and the microwave drying system are started, and the electric energy provided by the electric box is converted into microwave energy through the microwave generator, and enters the drying bin from the energy feeding port after waveguide coupling and reversing. The alfalfa in the drying bin is dried after absorbing the microwave energy. At this time, the heat pump drying system will also be started at the same time. The heat pump drying system follows the reverse Carnot cycle principle. The boiling point of the refrigerant circulating in the heat pump drying system is generally minus 29.8°C. The temperature of the refrigerant can reach 80-100°C after being compressed by the compressor. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant transfers heat to the air after passing through the condenser, and then the high-temperature gas is sent into the drying bin by the blower and the circulating fan to dry the alfalfa. At this time, the refrigerant at room temperature and high pressure will be reduced in pressure through the expansion valve after coming out of the condenser. The temperature of the refrigerant reduced by the expansion valve will drop sharply. At this time, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant will enter the evaporator, and the hot steam after drying the alfalfa will pass through the evaporator. The copper tube filled with low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant in the evaporator will absorb the moisture in the hot steam. The water storage tank connected to the evaporator will collect the cooled moisture in the hot steam, so that the hot steam will become dry gas. The dried gas will be immediately sent to the condenser bin, and then sent to the drying chamber through the condenser heating and the blower and circulating fan. At the same time, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant in the evaporator will be transported to the compressor again for compression. The compressed refrigerant will become high-temperature and high-pressure again. At this time, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant will be sent to the condenser again, and the air in the condenser bin will rise rapidly. Then the blower and circulating fan will send the high-temperature gas into the drying bin to dry the alfalfa. In this way, the circulation of the medium and the dry gas in the heat pump drying system is realized.
[0016] In addition, the temperature and humidity sensor on the outer cavity will accurately measure the temperature and humidity in the drying chamber. When the drying conditions are met, the temperature and humidity sensor will issue a reminder and the PLC control system will stop drying. Then the material port on the drum will be aligned with the discharge port at the bottom of the outer cavity, and the dried material will be discharged from the system.
[0017] The relative feeding value of alfalfa dried by heat pump drying system and microwave drying system has increased significantly, and the protein content has also increased significantly compared with traditional drying technology. In terms of energy consumption, the heat pump-microwave drying system is more energy-efficient and the drying time is greatly reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the circulation principle of the utility model.
[0020] In the figure: 1 is a compressor, 2 is a heat exchanger, 3 is a water storage tank, 4 is an evaporator, 5 is a condenser, 6 is an electrical box, 7 is an external condenser, 8 is a blower, 9 is a temperature and humidity sensor, 10 is a circulation fan, 11 is a wind deflector, 12 is a material drum, 13 is a microwave generator, 14 is a power feeding port, 15 is a drying chamber, 16 is a supporting roller, 17 is a belt, 18 is a motor, 19 is a microwave drying chamber, 20 is a material inlet, 21 is an expansion valve, 22 is a metal mesh. Detailed implementation manners
[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Apparently, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0022] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances for the embodiments of this application described herein. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.
[0023] In this application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe this application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit that the indicated device, element or component must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.
[0024] Moreover, in addition to being able to represent an orientation or positional relationship, some of the above-mentioned terms may also be used to represent other meanings. For example, the term "upper" may also be used to represent a certain attachment relationship or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0025] In addition, the terms "installed", "set up", "provided with", "connected", "linked", and "socketed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or there is internal communication between two devices, components, or parts. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0026] As Figure 1-2 shown, the present utility model provides a heat pump and microwave combined drying device for alfalfa, including: a heat pump drying system, a blower structure 8, a wind guide plate 11, a material drum 12, a drive assembly, and a microwave drying system;
[0027] The heat pump drying system is located on one side of the drying chamber 15. One end of the blower structure 8 is arranged at the air outlet of the heat pump drying system, and the other end is located on one side of the wind guide plate 11 arranged inside the drying chamber 15. One end of the material drum 12 is rotatably connected to the wind guide plate 11 through a support roller 16, and the other end is connected to the output end of the drive assembly through a support roller 16. The microwave drying system is located on one side of the material drum 12. An air inlet is arranged at one end of the heat pump drying system away from the air outlet, and the air inlet is communicated with a circulation air outlet opened on the drying chamber 15. A metal mesh 22 is arranged at the circulation air outlet.
[0028] The material of the material drum 12 is usually selected as polytetrafluoroethylene fiberglass. This material of polytetrafluoroethylene has the characteristics of being resistant to acids and alkalis and various organic solvents, and is almost insoluble in all solvents. At the same time, polytetrafluoroethylene has the characteristic of being heat-resistant. The material drum 12 is placed on the support rollers. There are sieve holes on the surface of the material drum 12. A spiral guide rail is installed inside the material drum 12. The drum rotates driven by a motor 18, and the material moves in a spiral shape in the drum, making the material heated more evenly.
[0029] The present utility model further includes an electric box 6. There is an external condenser 7 on the right side of the electric box 6. The heat pump drying system, the blower structure 8, the drive assembly, and the microwave drying system are all electrically connected to the electric box 6.
[0030] The heat pump drying system includes a compressor 1, a heat exchanger 2, an evaporator 4, a condenser 5, and a water storage tank 3. The water storage tank 3 is connected to the evaporator 4, the evaporator 4 is connected to the compressor 1, the compressor 1 is connected to the condenser 5, the condenser 5 is connected to an expansion valve 21, and the expansion valve 21 is connected to the evaporator 4 to form a closed loop. The refrigerant flows inside, and the heat required for alfalfa drying is generated by pressurizing and depressurizing the refrigerant.
[0031] Refrigerants are usually selected as Freon refrigerants. First of all, Freon refrigerants have high chemical stability and are not easily decomposed or react with other chemical substances. This enables them to maintain good performance within a wide range of temperatures and pressures. Secondly, Freon refrigerants have good heat conduction performance in the refrigeration cycle, can effectively absorb and release heat, and achieve the effect of rapid heat dissipation. Finally, Freon refrigerants are adjustable and can meet the requirements of different temperatures by adjusting their ratios or formulating new mixtures to obtain better performance and effects. When used and handled correctly, Freon refrigerants are relatively safe and will not cause direct harm to human health.
[0032] The air blower 8 structure includes an air blower 8 and a circulation fan 10. The air blower 8 is arranged at the air outlet of the heat pump drying system. The circulation fan 10 is arranged on one side of the air deflector 11. The air blower 8 and the circulation fan 10 are connected by a pipeline. The hot air generated by the heat pump drying system is guided to the air deflector 11 by the air blower 8 and the circulation fan 10.
[0033] The drive assembly includes a motor 18, a driving wheel and a driven wheel. The output end of the motor 18 is connected with the driving wheel. The driving wheel is in transmission connection with the driven wheel through a belt 17. The driven wheel is coaxially connected with the support roller 16.
[0034] The microwave drying system includes a microwave drying chamber 19 and a microwave generator 13. The microwave drying chamber 19 is located on one side of the drying bin 15. A plurality of microwave energy feeding ports 14 are opened on the microwave drying chamber 19. The microwave generator 13 is arranged in the microwave drying chamber 19 and is located at the microwave energy feeding port 14.
[0035] The microwave generator 13 is mainly composed of a 2M244 - M6 magnetron, a frequency conversion power supply and a microwave power controller. The microwave generator 13 is used to generate a drying microwave field, and its microwave operating frequency is 2450 MHz. The magnetron realizes power change by adjusting the voltage, and the voltage is adjusted by means of a switching power supply. The switching power supply provides an anode operating voltage of 4100 V and a filament voltage of 3.3 V for the magnetron. The microwave power controller controls the microwave power to increase with the increase of the voltage value.
[0036] Further optimizing the technical solution, a switchable material port 20 is arranged on the material drum 12. The upper and lower parts of the drying bin 15 are respectively provided with a feeding port and a discharging port.
[0037] To further optimize the technical solution, a temperature and humidity sensor 9 is provided on the drying bin 15. The temperature and humidity sensor 9 is usually an infrared sensor. First, the infrared sensor can realize non-contact detection without contacting alfalfa, etc., so that the nutrition of alfalfa can be better preserved. Secondly, the infrared sensor has a high detection sensitivity to infrared radiation and can accurately detect information such as alfalfa temperature and humidity. Finally, since the infrared sensor adopts infrared radiation technology, its manufacturing cost is lower than other sensor technologies, and the price is relatively cheap.
[0038] The utility model is provided with a heat pump drying system and a microwave drying system. When working, the material port on the material drum will be aligned with the feed port on the upper part of the drying bin, and the compressed alfalfa will be loaded into the material drum through the feed port. After closing the feed port and the material port, the heat pump drying system and the microwave drying system are started, and the electric energy provided by the electric box is converted into microwave energy through the microwave generator, and enters the drying bin from the energy feeding port after waveguide coupling and reversing. The alfalfa in the drying bin is dried after absorbing the microwave energy. At this time, the heat pump drying system will also be started at the same time. The heat pump drying system follows the reverse Carnot cycle principle. The boiling point of the refrigerant circulating in the heat pump drying system is generally minus 29.8°C. The temperature of the refrigerant can reach 80-100°C after being compressed by the compressor. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant transfers heat to the air after passing through the condenser, and then the high-temperature gas is sent into the drying bin by the blower and the circulating fan to dry the alfalfa. At this time, the refrigerant at room temperature and high pressure will be reduced in pressure through the expansion valve after coming out of the condenser. The temperature of the refrigerant reduced by the expansion valve will drop sharply. At this time, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant will enter the evaporator, and the hot steam after drying the alfalfa will pass through the evaporator. The copper tube filled with low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant in the evaporator will absorb the moisture in the hot steam. The water storage tank connected to the evaporator will collect the cooled moisture in the hot steam, so that the hot steam will become dry gas. The dried gas will be immediately sent to the condenser bin, and then sent to the drying chamber through the condenser heating and the blower and circulating fan. At the same time, the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant in the evaporator will be transported to the compressor again for compression. The compressed refrigerant will become high-temperature and high-pressure again. At this time, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant will be sent to the condenser again, and the air in the condenser bin will rise rapidly. Then the blower and circulating fan will send the high-temperature gas into the drying bin to dry the alfalfa. In this way, the circulation of the medium and the dry gas in the heat pump drying system is realized.
[0039] In addition, the temperature and humidity sensor on the drying bin will accurately measure the temperature and humidity in the drying bin. When the drying conditions are met, the temperature and humidity sensor will issue a reminder and the PLC control system will stop drying. Then the material port on the drum will be aligned with the discharge port at the bottom of the drying bin, and the dried material will be discharged from the system.
[0040] The relative feeding value of alfalfa dried by a heat pump drying system and a microwave drying system has increased significantly, and the protein content has also been significantly improved compared with traditional drying technologies. In terms of energy consumption, the heat pump drying system and the microwave drying system are more energy-efficient, and the drying time has been greatly reduced.
[0041] The working principle of the present utility model is as follows:
[0042] First, the motor drives the material drum 12 to rotate, so that the material port 20 on the material drum 12 aligns with the feed port at the upper part of the drying chamber. Then, the material port 20 on the material drum 12 is opened, and alfalfa is loaded into the material drum 12 from the feed port, and the feed port and the material port 20 are closed. Then, the equipment is started, and the hot air under the action of the heat pump drying system is blown into the air guide plate 11 by the air blower 8 through the circulation fan 10. The hot air is sent into the drying chamber 15 by the air guide plate 11. Under the action of the rotation of the material drum 12 and the hot air, the moisture on the surface of the alfalfa is quickly evaporated. At the same time, the microwave drying system is started, and the microwave generated by the microwave generator 13 is emitted into the drying chamber 15 through the energy feeding port 14. The microwave causes the moisture inside the alfalfa to quickly evaporate, so that the alfalfa can be quickly dried. The hot steam generated by drying the forage flows from the metal mesh 22 to the heat exchanger 2, and the heat exchanger 2 sends the hot steam into the evaporator 4. In the evaporator 4, the moisture in the hot steam adheres to the copper pipe. Subsequently, the evaporator 4 sends the dried air into the condenser 5 for heating, and finally the heated air is sent into the drying chamber 15 by the air blower 8 and the circulation fan 10 again. By circulating in this way, the alfalfa can be quickly dried.
[0043] Finally, when the moisture in the alfalfa is dried to the preset requirement, the material port 20 on the material drum 12 is driven by the motor to rotate and align with the discharge port at the lower part of the drying chamber. The material port 20 and the discharge port on the material drum 12 are opened, and the dried alfalfa is discharged from the equipment, completing the entire drying process.
[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and does not impose any limitation on the technical scope of the present utility model. Therefore, any minor modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present utility model still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A heat pump and microwave combined drying device for alfalfa, characterized in that: include: Heat pump drying system, air supply mechanism, air guide plate, material drum, drive assembly and microwave drying system; The heat pump drying system is located on one side of the drying bin, one end of the air supply mechanism is arranged at the air outlet of the heat pump drying system, and the other end is located on one side of the air guide plate arranged inside the drying bin, one end of the material drum is rotatably connected to the air guide plate through a supporting roller, and the other end is connected to the output end of the driving component through a supporting roller, the microwave drying system is located on one side of the material drum, and an air inlet is arranged at the end of the heat pump drying system away from the air outlet, and the air inlet is connected to the circulating air outlet opened on the drying bin.
2. A heat pump and microwave combined drying device for alfalfa as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an electrical box, and the heat pump drying system, air supply mechanism, drive assembly and microwave drying system are all electrically connected to the electrical box.
3. A heat pump and microwave combined drying device for alfalfa as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The heat pump drying system includes a compressor, a heat exchanger, an evaporator, a condenser and a water reservoir, wherein the water reservoir is connected to the evaporator, the evaporator is connected to the compressor, the compressor is connected to the condenser, the condenser is connected to the expansion valve, and the expansion valve is connected to the evaporator to form a closed loop.
4. A heat pump and microwave combined drying device for alfalfa as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply mechanism includes an air supply fan and a circulation fan. The air supply fan is arranged at the air outlet of the heat pump drying system, and the circulation fan is arranged on one side of the air guide plate. The air supply fan is connected to the circulation fan through a pipeline.
5. A heat pump and microwave combined drying device for alfalfa as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises a motor, a driving wheel and a driven wheel. The output end of the motor is connected to the driving wheel, the driving wheel is connected to the driven wheel through a belt, and the driven wheel is coaxially connected to the supporting roller.
6. A heat pump and microwave combined drying device for alfalfa as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The microwave drying system comprises a microwave drying chamber and a microwave generator. The microwave drying chamber is located at one side of the drying chamber. A plurality of microwave energy feeding ports are provided on the microwave drying chamber. The microwave generator is arranged in the microwave drying chamber and located at the microwave energy feeding ports.
7. A heat pump and microwave combined drying device for alfalfa as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The material drum is provided with a material port which can be opened and closed, and the upper part and the lower part of the drying bin are respectively provided with a material inlet and a material outlet.
8. A heat pump and microwave combined drying device for alfalfa as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The drying chamber is provided with a temperature and humidity sensor.