Testing device based on nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire resistance characteristic research experiment

Abstract

The utility model provides a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire-based resistance characteristic research experiment testing device which comprises a placing plate, a placing groove with an upward opening is formed in the top of the placing plate, two adjusting plates which are spaced left and right are arranged on the placing groove, and two synchronous stretching mechanisms which are spaced left and right are arranged in the placing groove. The synchronous stretching mechanism is used for driving the two adjusting plates to move in the opposite direction or the back-to-back direction. A lifting plate extending in the front-back direction is arranged above the containing plate, a lifting mechanism which is vertically arranged and can drive the lifting plate to ascend and descend is arranged on the containing plate, and the lifting mechanism is used for driving the lifting plate to ascend and descend. A power source mechanism is arranged in the placing plate; through the arrangement of the synchronous stretching mechanism and the lifting mechanism, the length and angle of the nickel-titanium memory alloy wire can be adjusted, so that in the testing process, the detection accuracy can be guaranteed, the actual application condition can be simulated, and the testing effect can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of alloy wire characteristic detection, in particular to a test device for studying and testing the resistance characteristics of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wires. Background Art

[0002] Against the backdrop of informatization and intelligent development, intelligence will inevitably become an important direction for the future development of civil engineering. By deeply cross-integrating traditional buildings with advanced technologies such as civil engineering technology and intelligent equipment, it will bring about an intelligent revolution in the entire life cycle of large-span structures and have a positive impact on the economy, society, nature, etc. Life cycle intelligence refers to the realization of intelligent basic information perception, state analysis and identification, performance evaluation, prediction and control throughout the entire life cycle of planning and design, construction, service and maintenance, demolition and resource utilization.

[0003] In the prior art, nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy wires are used as SMA materials for smart materials. However, there is currently a lack of monitoring and diagnosis of nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy wires, which makes it impossible to collect reliable maintenance and control information in a timely manner, leading to the occurrence of safety accidents. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a test device for studying the resistance characteristics of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire, aiming to solve the problem in the prior art that there is a lack of monitoring and diagnosis of nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy wire, which makes it impossible to collect reliable maintenance and control information in time, leading to safety accidents.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: the test device for studying the resistance characteristics of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire comprises a placement plate, a placement groove with an opening facing upward is provided on the top of the placement plate, two adjustment plates spaced apart from each other are provided on the placement groove, two synchronous extension mechanisms spaced apart from each other are provided in the placement groove, and the synchronous extension mechanisms are used to drive the two adjustment plates to move in opposite or opposite directions;

[0006] A lifting plate extending in the front-to-back direction is provided above the placement plate, and a lifting mechanism is provided on the placement plate which is vertically arranged and can drive the lifting plate to move up and down, and the lifting mechanism is used to drive the lifting plate to move up and down;

[0007] A power source mechanism is provided in the placement plate, and the power source mechanism is respectively connected to the lifting mechanism and the synchronous stretching mechanism, and the power source mechanism is used to drive the power source mechanism to transmit to the lifting mechanism respectively;

[0008] A main traction member is arranged on the lifting plate, a slave traction member is arranged on the adjusting plate, and nickel-titanium memory alloy wires are arranged between the two slave traction members and the main traction member.

[0009] Preferably, each of the synchronous stretching mechanisms includes a bidirectional lead screw, a moving block, a hinge rod and a moving plate. There are two moving blocks and two hinge rods, which are arranged at intervals front and back.

[0010] The bidirectional lead screw is rotatably arranged on the front and rear inner side walls of the placement groove. The two moving blocks are sleeved on the bidirectional lead screw and are in threaded connection with the bidirectional lead screw. The moving block is hinged to the hinge rod. One side of the two hinge rods away from the moving block is hinged to the moving plate. The moving plate is slidably arranged in the placement groove.

[0011] When the two moving blocks move towards each other or away from each other, they are used to drive the hinge rod to rotate. When the hinge rod rotates, it is used to drive the moving plate to move left and right along the placement groove.

[0012] The bidirectional lead screw is in transmission connection with the power source mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a first lead screw and a smooth rod, and both the first lead screw and the smooth rod extend in the up and down direction.

[0014] The first lead screw and the smooth rod are both rotatably arranged on the placement plate. The lifting plate is sleeved on the first lead screw and the smooth rod and is in threaded connection with the first lead screw.

[0015] The first lead screw passes through the placement plate and is in transmission connection with the power source mechanism.

[0016] Preferably, a cavity is arranged in the placement plate, and the power source mechanism is arranged in the cavity.

[0017] The power source mechanism includes a first bidirectional driving device, a bevel gear set and a main rod. There are two bevel gear sets. The main rod extends in the front and back direction. The first bidirectional driving device is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of the cavity.

[0018] Preferably, one output shaft of the first bidirectional driving device is fixedly connected to the main rod. A main gear is fixedly arranged on the main rod. A driven gear is fixedly arranged on the bidirectional lead screw. The main gear is arranged between the two driven gears and meshes with the two driven gears.

[0019] Preferably, one of the bevel gear sets is in transmission arrangement on the other output shaft of the first bidirectional driving device, and the other bevel gear set is in transmission sleeve on the lower end of the first lead screw.

[0020] A short rod is fixedly arranged between the two bevel gear sets. A support plate is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of the cavity. The support plate is slidably sleeved on the short rod.

[0021] Preferably, a vertical plate extending in the up and down direction is fixedly provided at the top of the placement plate, a horizontal plate extending in the front and back direction is fixedly provided on the front side of the vertical plate, and a laser rangefinder is installed at the bottom of the horizontal plate;

[0022] The tops of the first lead screw and the optical rod are both rotatably connected to the bottom of the horizontal plate.

[0023] Preferably, the traction member is electrically connected to a programmable power supply, and the laser rangefinder is electrically connected to a data acquisition instrument;

[0024] The programmable power supply and the data acquisition instrument are respectively electrically connected to a computer.

[0025] The beneficial effects are as follows: 1. The setting of the synchronous extension mechanism and the lifting mechanism enables the adjustment of the length and angle of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire, so as to ensure the accuracy of detection during the test, and can also simulate actual application conditions to improve the test effect.

[0026] 2. The activation of the first bidirectional driving device enables the main rod to rotate and the first lead screw to rotate, achieving the purpose of multi-purpose use of one machine, thus saving resources and reducing costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic rear view structure diagram of the whole in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic connection structure diagram of the vertical plate and the horizontal plate in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic partial sectional view structure diagram of the adjustment plate in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is in a specific embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic structure diagram of part A;

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic partial sectional view structure diagram of the cavity in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic cavity distribution structure diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1. Placing plate; 2. Placing groove; 3. Synchronous stretching mechanism; 301. Bidirectional lead screw; 302. Moving block; 303. Hinge rod; 304. Moving plate; 4. Adjusting plate; 5. Lifting mechanism; 501. First lead screw; 502. Smooth rod; 6. Lifting plate; 7. Power source mechanism; 701. First bidirectional driving device; 702. Bevel gear set; 703. Main rod; 8. Main traction member; 9. Nitinol shape memory alloy wire; 10. Cavity; 11. Main gear; 12. Driven gear; 13. Vertical plate; 14. Horizontal plate; 15. Laser rangefinder; 16. Programmable power supply; 17. Data acquisition instrument; 18. Computer; 19. Driven traction member. Specific embodiments

[0034] The following further describes the specific embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] As Figures 1-6 shown, based on the test device for studying the resistance characteristics of nitinol shape memory alloy wire, the setting of the synchronous stretching mechanism 3 and the lifting mechanism 5 can adjust the height and length, and can simulate conditions closer to actual applications in the detection environment, so as to obtain more meaningful data. Specifically, it includes a placing plate 1, and a placing groove 2 with an upward opening is provided at the top of the placing plate 1. There are two adjusting plates 4 spaced left and right on the placing groove 2, and the two adjusting plates 4 can move towards each other or away from each other, so as to adjust the length of the nitinol shape memory alloy wire 9, so as to study the resistance characteristics of the nitinol shape memory alloy wire 9 under different conditions, thereby improving the detection effect. There are two synchronous stretching mechanisms 3 spaced left and right in the placing groove 2. The synchronous stretching mechanism 3 is used to drive the two adjusting plates 4 to move towards each other or away from each other. After being driven, the synchronous stretching mechanism 3 can drive the adjusting plates 4 to move towards each other or away from each other.

[0036] The resistance characteristics of the nitinol shape memory alloy wire 9 will be affected by its geometric dimensions. For example, the length and height will affect the path length of the current flowing through the material, thereby affecting the resistance value. Therefore, in order to obtain accurate resistance characteristic data, it is necessary to control the consistency of these dimensions. Specifically, each synchronous stretching mechanism 3 includes a bidirectional lead screw 301 (the bidirectional lead screw 301 includes two threads with opposite thread directions), moving blocks 302, hinge rods 303 and a moving plate 304. There are two moving blocks 302 and two hinge rods 303, and they are arranged at intervals before and after.

[0037] The bidirectional lead screw 301 is rotatably arranged on the front and rear inner walls of the placement groove 2, and the two moving blocks 302 are both sleeved on the bidirectional lead screw 301 and threadedly connected to the bidirectional lead screw 301. The moving blocks 302 are hingedly connected to the hinge rod 303. The two hinge rods 303 are hingedly connected to the moving plate 304 on the side away from the moving blocks 302. The moving plate 304 is slidably arranged in the placement groove 2. When the bidirectional lead screw 301 rotates, it can drive the two moving blocks 302 to move in relative or opposite directions.

[0038] When the two moving blocks 302 move in opposite or opposite directions, they are used to drive the hinged rod 303 to rotate. When the hinged rod 303 rotates, it is used to drive the moving plate 304 to move left and right along the placement slot 2. When the two moving blocks 302 move in opposite or opposite directions, they will drive the hinged rod 303 to rotate. When the hinged rod 303 rotates, it will push the moving plate 304 to move left and right along the placement slot 2.

[0039] The bidirectional lead screw 301 is transmission-connected to the power source mechanism 7 , and the power source mechanism 7 can drive the bidirectional lead screw 301 to rotate.

[0040] The setting of the lifting mechanism 5 makes it possible to adjust the inclination angle of the nickel-titanium memory alloy wire 9 so as to improve the accuracy of the detection result. Specifically, a lifting plate 6 extending in the front-to-back direction is provided above the placement plate 1, and a lifting mechanism 5 is provided on the placement plate 1 which is vertically arranged and can drive the lifting plate 6 to move up and down. The lifting mechanism 5 is used to drive the lifting plate 6 to move up and down. The start of the driving lifting mechanism 5 enables the lifting mechanism 5 to drive the lifting plate 6 to move up and down so as to adjust the inclination angle of the nickel-titanium memory alloy wire 9 and ensure the accuracy of the test.

[0041] The lifting mechanism 5 includes a first lead screw 501 and a polished rod 502 , and both the first lead screw 501 and the polished rod 502 are extended in the up-down direction.

[0042] The first lead screw 501 and the polished rod 502 are both rotatably disposed on the placement plate 1 , and the lifting plate 6 is sleeved on the first lead screw 501 and the polished rod 502 , and is threadedly connected to the first lead screw 501 .

[0043] The tops of the first lead screw 501 and the polished rod 502 are both rotatably connected to the bottom of the transverse plate 14 .

[0044] The first lead screw 501 passes through the placement plate 1 and is connected to the power source mechanism 7. After the power source mechanism 7 is started, it can drive the first lead screw 501 to rotate. When the first lead screw 501 rotates, it can drive the lifting plate 6 to move up and down along the light rod 502 to adjust the inclination angle of the nickel-titanium memory alloy wire 9.

[0045] A power source mechanism 7 is provided in the placement plate 1 , and the power source mechanism 7 is respectively connected to the lifting mechanism 5 and the synchronous stretching mechanism 3 , and the power source mechanism 7 is used to drive the power source mechanism 7 to transmit to the lifting mechanism 5 .

[0046] A cavity 10 is provided in the placement plate 1 , and the power source mechanism 7 is provided in the cavity 10 .

[0047] The start-up of the first bidirectional drive device 701 can drive the main rod 703 to rotate, and can also drive the first lead screw 501 to rotate, so as to achieve the purpose of one machine with multiple uses, thereby saving resources and reducing costs. Specifically, the power source mechanism 7 includes a first bidirectional drive device 701 (the first bidirectional drive device 701 is a first bidirectional self-locking motor), a bevel gear set 702 and a main rod 703. There are two bevel gear sets 702, and the main rod 703 is extended in the front and rear directions. The first bidirectional drive device 701 is fixed on the inner bottom wall of the cavity 10 (the bevel gear set 702 includes a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear, and the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are meshed with each other).

[0048] One of the output shafts of the first two-way drive device 701 is fixedly connected to the main rod 703, and the main rod 703 is fixedly provided with a main gear 11. The first two-way drive device 701 is driven to start, so that the output shaft of the first two-way drive device 701 drives the main rod 703 to rotate. When the main rod 703 rotates, it is used to drive the main gear 11 to rotate. A slave gear 12 is fixedly provided on the two-way lead screw 301. The main gear 11 is arranged between the two slave gears 12, and the main gear 11 and the two slave gears 12 are meshed with each other. Since the main gear 11 and the two slave gears 12 are meshed with each other, the slave gear 12 can be driven to rotate. When the slave gear 12 rotates, it drives the two-way lead screw 301 to rotate.

[0049] One of the bevel gear sets 702 is transmission-mounted on the other output shaft of the first bidirectional driving device 701, and the other bevel gear set 702 is transmission-sleeved on the lower end of the first lead screw 501. The other output shaft of the first bidirectional driving device 701 can also drive one of the bevel gear sets 702 to rotate.

[0050] A short rod is fixed between the two bevel gear sets 702, and a support plate is fixed on the inner bottom wall of the cavity 10 (the support plate can support the short rod so that the short rod connection is unstable), and the support plate is slidably sleeved on the short rod. The rotating bevel gear set 702 drives the short rod to rotate, and the short rod drives another bevel gear set 702 to rotate, and then drives the first screw 501 to rotate.

[0051] The main traction member 8 is provided on the lifting plate 6, and the secondary traction member 19 is provided on the adjustment plate 4 (both the main traction member 8 and the secondary traction member 19 are bolts, and threaded grooves opening upward are provided on both the lifting plate 6 and the adjustment plate 4. After the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire 9 is sleeved on the bolt, the bolt is screwed into the threaded groove to clamp the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire 9 and prevent the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire 9 from falling off during the detection process). Nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wires 9 are respectively provided between the two secondary traction members 19 and the main traction member 8. The two ends of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire 9 are detachably connected to the main traction member 8 and the secondary traction member 19 respectively, enabling detection to be carried out.

[0052] A vertical plate 13 extending in the vertical direction is fixedly provided at the top of the placement plate 1. A horizontal plate 14 extending in the front-rear direction is fixedly provided on the front side of the vertical plate 13. A laser rangefinder 15 is installed at the bottom of the horizontal plate 14. The setting of the laser rangefinder 15 enables the height of the lifting plate 6 to be measured, facilitating the recording and collection of test data of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire 9 under different conditions.

[0053] The secondary traction member 19 is electrically connected to a programmable power supply 16, and the laser rangefinder 15 is electrically connected to a data acquisition instrument 17. The nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire 9 is energized and heated, and the magnitude of the applied voltage is freely adjusted through the computer 18.

[0054] The programmable power supply 16 and the data acquisition instrument 17 are respectively electrically connected to the computer 18. The driving displacement of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire 9 is measured by the laser rangefinder 15 and automatically collected by the data acquisition instrument 17, and then connected to the computer 18 for data recording.

[0055] Working principle: Before use, first start the first bidirectional driving device 701, so that the output shaft of the first bidirectional driving device 701 drives the main rod 703 to rotate. When the main rod 703 rotates, it is used to drive the main gear 11 to rotate. Since the main gear 11 meshes with the two secondary gears 12, the secondary gears 12 can be driven to rotate. When the secondary gears 12 rotate, the bidirectional lead screw 301 is driven to rotate. When the bidirectional lead screw 301 rotates, the two moving blocks 302 can be driven to move in opposite or away directions. When the two moving blocks 302 move in opposite or away directions, the articulated rod 303 is driven to rotate. When the articulated rod 303 rotates, it pushes the moving plate 304 to move left and right along the placement groove 2. When the moving plate 304 moves, it drives the adjustment plate 4 to move, so as to adjust the length of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire 9.

[0056] Meanwhile, another output shaft of the first bidirectional driving device 701 can also drive one of the bevel gear sets 702 to rotate. The rotating bevel gear set 702 drives the short rod to rotate, and the short rod then drives the other bevel gear set 702 to rotate, and then drives the first lead screw 501 to rotate. When the first lead screw 501 rotates, it can drive the lifting plate 6 to move up and down along the optical rod 502, so as to adjust the inclination angle of the nitinol memory alloy wire 9. Repeat the above operations to adjust multiple heights and inclination angles for determination testing to achieve simulating actual application conditions and ensure the accuracy of the testing. Moreover, in some cases, the precision and resolution of the testing equipment may be limited and it may not be able to directly measure the very small nitinol memory alloy wire 9. In this case, by adjusting the height and inclination angle, the size of the nitinol memory alloy wire 9 can be adapted to the capabilities of the testing equipment, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of the testing.

[0057] After adjustment, the two ends of the nitinol memory alloy wire 9 are respectively detachably connected to the main traction member 8 and the slave traction member 19, so that detection can be carried out. The nitinol memory alloy wire 9 is energized and heated, and the size of the applied voltage is freely adjusted by the computer 18. The driving displacement of the nitinol memory alloy wire 9 is measured by the laser rangefinder 15 and automatically collected by the data acquisition instrument 17, and then connected to the computer 18 for data recording.

[0058] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present utility model. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present utility model. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claimed rights.

Claims

1. A test device for studying the resistance characteristics of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire, characterized in that: The placing plate (1) comprises a placing groove (2) with an opening facing upwards on the top of the placing plate (1), two adjustment plates (4) spaced apart from each other on the left and right are arranged on the placing groove (2), and two synchronous extension mechanisms (3) spaced apart from each other on the left and right are arranged in the placing groove (2), and the synchronous extension mechanisms (3) are used to drive the two adjustment plates (4) to move in opposite directions or in opposite directions; A lifting plate (6) extending in the front-to-back direction is provided above the placement plate (1); a lifting mechanism (5) is provided on the placement plate (1) and is arranged vertically and is capable of driving the lifting plate (6) to move up and down; the lifting mechanism (5) is used to drive the lifting plate (6) to move up and down; The placement plate (1) is provided with a power source mechanism (7), the power source mechanism (7) is respectively connected to the lifting mechanism (5) and the synchronous stretching mechanism (3) in a transmission manner, and the power source mechanism (7) is used to drive the power source mechanism (7) to transmit to the lifting mechanism (5) respectively; A main traction member (8) is provided on the lifting plate (6), a secondary traction member (19) is provided on the adjustment plate (4), and nickel-titanium memory alloy wires (9) are respectively provided between the two secondary traction members (19) and the main traction member (8).

2. The test device for studying and testing the resistance characteristics of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Each of the synchronous extension mechanisms (3) comprises a bidirectional lead screw (301), a moving block (302), a hinged rod (303) and a moving plate (304); the moving block (302) and the hinged rod (303) are both in number and are spaced apart from each other. The bidirectional lead screw (301) is rotatably disposed on the front and rear inner side walls of the placement groove (2); the two moving blocks (302) are both sleeved on the bidirectional lead screw (301) and threadedly connected to the bidirectional lead screw (301); the moving blocks (302) are hingedly connected to the hinge rod (303); the sides of the two hinge rods (303) away from the moving blocks (302) are both hingedly connected to the moving plate (304); and the moving plate (304) is slidably disposed in the placement groove (2); When the two moving blocks (302) move in opposite directions or in opposite directions, they are used to drive the hinged rod (303) to rotate. When the hinged rod (303) rotates, it is used to drive the moving plate (304) to move left and right along the placement groove (2); The bidirectional lead screw (301) is transmission-connected to the power source mechanism (7).

3. The test device for studying and testing the resistance characteristics of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (5) comprises a first lead screw (501) and a polished rod (502), wherein the first lead screw (501) and the polished rod (502) are both extended in the up-down direction; The first lead screw (501) and the polished rod (502) are both rotatably mounted on the placement plate (1); the lifting plate (6) is sleeved on the first lead screw (501) and the polished rod (502) and is threadedly connected to the first lead screw (501); The first lead screw (501) passes through the placement plate (1) and is transmission-connected to the power source mechanism (7).

4. The test device for studying the resistance characteristics of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: A cavity (10) is provided in the placement plate (1), and the power source mechanism (7) is arranged in the cavity (10); The power source mechanism (7) comprises a first bidirectional driving device (701), a bevel gear set (702) and a main rod (703), wherein the bevel gear set (702) is two in number, the main rod (703) is extended in the front-rear direction, and the first bidirectional driving device (701) is fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of the cavity (10).

5. The test device for studying and testing the resistance characteristics of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire according to claim 4 is characterized in that: One of the output shafts of the first bidirectional drive device (701) is fixedly connected to a main rod (703); a main gear (11) is fixedly provided on the main rod (703); a slave gear (12) is fixedly provided on the bidirectional lead screw (301); the main gear (11) is arranged between two slave gears (12), and the main gear (11) and the two slave gears (12) are meshed with each other.

6. The test device for studying the resistance characteristics of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire according to claim 4 is characterized in that one The bevel gear set (702) is transmission-mounted on another output shaft of the first bidirectional drive device (701), and another transmission sleeve of the bevel gear set (702) is arranged at the lower end of the first lead screw (501); A short rod is fixedly provided between the two bevel gear sets (702), a support plate is fixedly provided on the inner bottom wall of the cavity (10), and the support plate is slidably sleeved on the short rod.

7. The test device for studying and testing the resistance characteristics of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A vertical plate (13) extending in the up-down direction is fixedly provided on the top of the placement plate (1), a horizontal plate (14) extending in the front-back direction is fixedly provided on the front side of the vertical plate (13), and a laser rangefinder (15) is installed on the bottom of the horizontal plate (14); The tops of the first lead screw (501) and the polished rod (502) are both rotatably connected to the bottom of the transverse plate (14).

8. The test device for studying and testing the resistance characteristics of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy wire according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The slave traction member (19) is electrically connected to a programmable power supply (16), and the laser rangefinder (15) is electrically connected to a data acquisition device (17); The programmable power supply (16) and the data acquisition instrument (17) are respectively electrically connected to a computer (18).

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