Forage harvester
By designing the motor-driven transmission shaft and serrated knife, the horizontal and vertical cutting switching of the forage harvester is achieved, which solves the problem of cutting inconvenient in the existing technology and achieves efficient and diversified cutting effects.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422111508.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-08-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing grass harvesters have problems of cutting in both horizontal and vertical cutting, which is difficult to meet different operating needs.
A forage harvester was designed, using a motor-driven drive to drive the reciprocating and extrusion fit of the elliptical rotor and the serrated knife to achieve horizontal cutting; the longitudinal cutting is achieved through the cooperation of the rotating serrated knife and the limiting plate; and switching on the hexagonal positioning block through the circular cutting knife to meet different cutting needs.
It realizes efficient and large-scale horizontal cutting and longitudinal opening cutting of forage grass to meet diverse cutting operations needs.
Smart Images
Figure CN223053469U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to a harvester, in particular to a forage harvester. Background Art
[0002] A forage harvester is an agricultural machine specifically used for harvesting various forages (such as low-growing green forages, oats, sugar beet leaves, etc.). Small and medium-sized farms or pastures generally use small forage harvesters. The main working part of a small forage harvester is a cutter bar, on which a cutting device is installed. The cutting device generally uses a disc cutter and a reciprocating cutter, and the cutter is generally arranged in front of the machine.
[0003] Existing forage harvesters generally use either a disc cutter or a reciprocating cutter. The method of using a horizontal reciprocating cutter for cutting operations has the advantage of a wide horizontal cutting working surface. However, when longitudinal opening cutting operations are required, there are defects in inconvenient cutting. The method of using a disc cutter for cutting operations has advantages in longitudinal opening cutting operations, but the horizontal cutting surface is relatively limited.
[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to design a forage harvester that is convenient to switch between horizontal cutting and longitudinal cutting, so as to meet the requirements of a wide horizontal cutting surface and convenient longitudinal cutting according to needs. Summary of the Utility Model
[0005] The technical solution is as follows: A forage harvester includes a bottom plate, moving wheels, a vertical frame, a top frame, a motor, a first serrated knife, a second serrated knife, a transmission shaft, a polygonal positioning block, a limit nut, an elliptical turntable, and a sliding component. Moving wheels are installed at the bottom of the bottom plate, a vertical frame is installed on the top of the bottom plate, a top frame is installed on the top of the vertical frame, a motor is installed at one end of the top frame, the output shaft of the motor is connected to the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the top frame, the transmission shaft rotates through the bottom plate, polygonal positioning blocks one and two are respectively installed on the upper and lower sides of the transmission shaft with the bottom plate as the center, an elliptical turntable is movably arranged on the transmission shaft, the bottom of the elliptical turntable is in clamping fit with the polygonal positioning block one, first serrated knives are symmetrically and rotatably connected to both sides of the bottom plate with the transmission shaft as the center, a second serrated knife is slidably connected to the first serrated knife through the sliding component, the second serrated knife is in intermittent extrusion fit with the elliptical turntable, and a limit nut is screwed at the bottom end of the transmission shaft.
[0006] As a further preferred solution, the sliding component includes a slider, a guide rod two, and a return spring. A guide rod two is arranged at the end of the first serrated knife far from the bottom plate, the second serrated knife is slidably connected to the guide rod two, a return spring is wound around the guide rod two, both ends of the return spring are respectively connected to the end of the guide rod two and the second serrated knife, a reverse "T" - shaped slider is connected to the bottom of the second serrated knife, and the slider is slidably matched with a third chute opened on the first serrated knife.
[0007] As a further preferred solution, the polygonal positioning block is a hexagonal positioning block.
[0008] As a further preferred solution, two sets of perpendicular but non-intersecting first sliding grooves and second sliding grooves are provided on one side of the bottom plate near the transmission shaft. A first extrusion block is slidably connected in the first sliding groove, and a second extrusion block is slidably connected in the second sliding groove. The first extrusion block and the second extrusion block are in extrusion cooperation.
[0009] As a further preferred solution, a first longitudinal guide rod is parallelly arranged on the vertical frame. A limiting plate is slidably connected to the guide rod. The guide rod passes through the limiting plate. One end of the first serrated knife rotatably connected to the bottom plate abuts against the limiting plate.
[0010] As a further preferred solution, a guide plate is connected to one end of the top frame near the transmission shaft, and a push handle is connected to the other end of the top frame away from the transmission shaft.
[0011] The utility model has the following advantages: By driving the transmission shaft to rotate through the motor, the transmission shaft drives the elliptical turntable to rotate through the hexagonal positioning block one. Through the reciprocating extrusion cooperation between the elliptical turntable and the second serrated knife, the second serrated knife reciprocates along the surface of the first serrated knife, so as to achieve the effect of large-range and efficient cutting of forage; By rotating the first serrated knife backward by 90 degrees and limiting the first serrated knife and the first serrated knife through the limiting plate, the function of folding the first serrated knife and the first serrated knife is realized; Through the extrusion cooperation between the first extrusion block and the second extrusion block, the power transmission between the transmission shaft and the elliptical turntable is released. By installing the circular cutting knife on the hexagonal positioning block two and cutting the forage through the circular cutting knife, the effect of longitudinally cutting the forage to open a path is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0012] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the utility model.
[0013] Figure 2 It is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the utility model.
[0014] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the separated state of the first serrated knife and the second serrated knife of the utility model.
[0015] Figure 4 It is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the cooperation between the transmission shaft, the hexagonal positioning block one, the elliptical turntable and the bottom plate of the utility model.
[0016] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the motor, the transmission shaft, the hexagonal positioning block one, the hexagonal positioning block two and the limit nut of the utility model.
[0017] Figure 6 This is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of components such as the bottom plate, oval turntable, first extrusion block, and second extrusion block of the present utility model.
[0018] Names of the reference numerals in the figure: 1 - bottom plate, 11 - first chute, 12 - second chute, 2 - moving wheel, 3 - vertical frame, 31 - first guide rod, 4 - top frame, 41 - guide plate, 42 - push handle, 5 - motor, 61 - first serrated knife, 611 - third chute, 62 - second serrated knife, 621 - slider, 63 - second guide rod, 64 - return spring, 7 - transmission shaft, 71 - first hexagonal positioning block, 72 - second hexagonal positioning block, 73 - limit nut, 8 - oval turntable, 91 - first extrusion block, 92 - second extrusion block, 10 - limit plate. Specific embodiments
[0019] The following further illustrates the technical solution with specific embodiments. It should be noted that: The words indicating directions such as up, down, left, and right mentioned in this article are only in reference to the positions of the shown structures in the corresponding drawings. The serial numbers assigned to the components in this article, for example: first, second, etc., are only used to distinguish the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meanings. And as used in this application: connection, coupling, unless otherwise specified, both include direct and indirect connection (coupling).
[0020] Embodiment: A forage harvester, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown in the figure, it includes a bottom plate 1, moving wheels 2, a vertical frame 3, a top frame 4, a motor 5, a first serrated knife 61, a second serrated knife 62, a transmission shaft 7, a limit nut 73, an elliptical turntable 8 and a sliding assembly. Moving wheels 2 are installed at the bottom of the bottom plate 1, a vertical frame 3 is installed on the top of the bottom plate 1, a top frame 4 is installed on the top of the vertical frame 3, a motor 5 is installed at the front end of the top frame 4, the output shaft of the motor 5 is connected to a transmission shaft 7, the transmission shaft 7 is rotatably connected to the top frame 4, the transmission shaft 7 rotates through the bottom plate 1, on the upper and lower sides of the transmission shaft 7 centered on the bottom plate 1, a first polygonal positioning block and a second polygonal positioning block are respectively installed. The number of sides of the polygonal positioning block is greater than or equal to three. The first polygonal positioning block and the second polygonal positioning block are preferably a hexagonal positioning block one 71 and a hexagonal positioning block two 72. An elliptical turntable 8 is movably arranged on the transmission shaft 7, the elliptical turntable 8 can move up and down along the transmission shaft 7, the bottom of the elliptical turntable 8 is in clamping fit with the hexagonal positioning block one 71, and the rotational power on the transmission shaft 7 is transmitted to the elliptical turntable 8 through the hexagonal positioning block one 71. On the left and right sides of the bottom plate 1 centered on the transmission shaft 7, first serrated knives 61 are symmetrically and rotatably connected. A second serrated knife 62 is slidably connected to the first serrated knife 61 through a sliding assembly, and the second serrated knife 62 is in intermittent extrusion fit with the elliptical turntable 8. Through the extrusion fit of the elliptical turntable 8 on the second serrated knife 62, the second serrated knife 62 reciprocally slides above the first serrated knife 61. Through the staggered fit of the serrations on the second serrated knife 62 and the serrations on the first serrated knife 61, the function of cutting forage is realized. Since the first serrated knife 61 and the second serrated knife 62 are vertically intersected with the bottom plate 1, when the bottom plate 1 moves forward with the moving wheels 2, the first serrated knives 61 and the second serrated knives 62 on both sides cut the forage on the left and right sides centered on the bottom plate 1, thus realizing the function of horizontally cutting forage to expand the cutting operation surface; the hexagonal positioning block two 72 is used to install a circular cutting knife (not shown in the figure). A limit nut 73 is screwed at the bottom end of the transmission shaft 7, and the circular cutting knife is limited on the hexagonal positioning block two 72 through the limit nut 73.
[0021] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the sliding assembly includes a slider 621, a second guide rod 63, and a return spring 64. One end of the first serrated knife 61 away from the bottom plate 1 is provided with the second guide rod 63. The second serrated knife 62 is slidably connected to the second guide rod 63. The return spring 64 is wound around the second guide rod 63, and both ends of the return spring 64 are connected to the end of the second guide rod 63 and the second serrated knife 62 respectively. The bottom of the second serrated knife 62 is connected with an inverted "T" - shaped slider 621, and the slider 621 is slidably matched with a third chute 611 opened on the first serrated knife 61. Through the sliding cooperation between the second serrated knife 62 and the second guide rod 63, and between the slider 621 and the third chute 611, the second serrated knife 62 reciprocates along the top of the first serrated knife 61, so that the serrations on the second serrated knife 62 are interlaced with the serrations on the first serrated knife 61, achieving the effect of cutting forage grass.
[0022] As Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 shown, on one side of the bottom plate 1 near the transmission shaft 7, two groups of perpendicular but non - intersecting first chutes 11 and second chutes 12 are opened. A first extrusion block 91 is slidably connected in the first chute 11, and a second extrusion block 92 is slidably connected in the second chute 12. The sides of the first extrusion block 91 and the second extrusion block 92 close to each other are both provided with inclined surfaces, and the first extrusion block 91 and the second extrusion block 92 are extrusion - matched. After the elliptical turntable 8 moves upward and the elliptical turntable 8 is rotated so that its longest diameter line is parallel to the mid - line of the bottom plate 1, by the first extrusion block 91 extruding the second extrusion block 92, the second extrusion block 92 moves forward along the second chute 12, so that the second extrusion block 92 moves forward to the lower part of the elliptical turntable 8, thus releasing the connection between the elliptical turntable 8 and the first hexagonal positioning block 71, and removing the power source of the elliptical turntable 8.
[0023] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a longitudinal first guide rod 31 is parallelly arranged on the vertical frame 3. A limiting plate 10 is slidably connected to the first guide rod 31, and the first guide rod slides through the limiting plate 10. One end of the first serrated knife 61 rotatably connected to the bottom plate 1 abuts against the limiting plate 10. When the first serrated knife 61 is unfolded as Figure 1 shown, the limiting plate 10 abuts against the rear end of the first serrated knife 61, making the first serrated knife 61 unable to perform circumferential rotational movement, thus ensuring the stability during its cutting operation.
[0024] As Figure 1 shown, at the front end of the top frame 4 near the transmission shaft 7, a guide plate 41 is connected. The guide plate 41 is used to guide the forage grass to both left and right sides of the bottom plate 1, so as to facilitate cutting; at the rear end of the top frame 4, a push handle 42 is connected, and the push handle 42 is used to provide a pushing force for this device.
[0025] During use, the device is pushed by the push handle 42 to move. The guide plate 41 guides the forage grass to both left and right sides of the guide bottom plate 1. The motor 5 drives the transmission shaft 7 to rotate. The hexagonal positioning block one 71 and the hexagonal positioning block two 72 rotate with the transmission shaft 7. The hexagonal positioning block one 71 is in clamping cooperation with the elliptical turntable 8. Therefore, the elliptical turntable 8 rotates with the hexagonal positioning block one 71. The elliptical turntable 8 reciprocally squeezes the second serrated knife 62. The end of the second serrated knife 62 reciprocates along the guide rod two 63, and the slider 621 at the bottom of the second serrated knife 62 reciprocates along the third chute 611. The function of cutting the forage grass is realized through the staggered cooperation of the second serrated knife 62 and the first serrated knife 61. Thus, the function of harvesting the forage grass over a large area is realized.
[0026] When it is necessary to use this harvester for longitudinal channel cutting, the elliptical turntable 8 is lifted upward to disengage it from the clamping cooperation with the hexagonal positioning block one 71. The limiting plate 10 moves upward along the guide rod one 31 to release the butting cooperation effect of the limiting plate 10 on the first serrated knife 61. At this time, the first serrated knife 61 is rotated backward by 90 degrees, so that the first serrated knife 61 and the second serrated knife 62 rotate above the bottom plate 1 and are parallel to it. Subsequently, the limiting plate 10 moves downward to limit the first serrated knife 61 and the second serrated knife 62. Thus, the function of folding the first serrated knife 61 and the second serrated knife 62 is realized. After the first serrated knife 61 is in extrusion contact with the first extrusion block 91, under the extrusion action of the first serrated knife 61, the first extrusion block 91 slides along the first chute 11 towards the center line direction of the bottom plate 1 and squeezes the second extrusion block 92. After being squeezed, the second extrusion block 92 moves forward along the second chute 12 and thus runs below the elliptical turntable 8, so that the elliptical turntable 8 cannot be in clamping cooperation with the hexagonal positioning block one 71, thereby cutting off the power source of the elliptical turntable 8, and the elliptical turntable 8 cannot rotate with the transmission shaft 7. At this time, a circular cutting knife is installed on the hexagonal positioning block two 72 and is limited and locked by a limiting nut 73. When the motor 5 drives the transmission shaft 7 to rotate, the transmission shaft 7 drives the circular cutting knife to perform cutting operations. Under the pushing action of the push handle 42, the function of longitudinal channel cutting in the forage grass is realized.
[0027] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A forage harvester, comprising a bottom plate (1), moving wheels (2), a vertical frame (3), a top frame (4), a motor (5) and a transmission shaft (7). The bottom of the bottom plate (1) is provided with moving wheels (2), the top of the bottom plate (1) is provided with a vertical frame (3), the top of the vertical frame (3) is provided with a top frame (4), one end of the top frame (4) is provided with a motor (5), the output shaft of the motor (5) is connected to a transmission shaft (7), the transmission shaft (7) is rotatably connected to the top frame (4), and the transmission shaft (7) rotates through the bottom plate (1). It is characterized in that It further comprises a first serrated knife (61), a second serrated knife (62), a polygonal positioning block, a limit nut (73), an oval turntable (8) and a sliding assembly. On the upper and lower sides of the transmission shaft (7) with the bottom plate (1) as the center, a first polygonal positioning block and a second polygonal positioning block are respectively installed. An oval turntable (8) is movably arranged on the transmission shaft (7), and the bottom of the oval turntable (8) is clamped and matched with the first polygonal positioning block. On both sides of the bottom plate (1) symmetrically with the transmission shaft (7) as the center, first serrated knives (61) are rotatably connected. A second serrated knife (62) is slidably connected to the first serrated knife (61) through a sliding assembly. The second serrated knife (62) is intermittently pressed and matched with the oval turntable (8). The bottom end of the transmission shaft (7) is screwed with a limit nut (73).
2. The forage harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding assembly comprises a slider (621), a second guide rod (63) and a return spring (64). One end of the first serrated knife (61) far from the bottom plate (1) is provided with a second guide rod (63). The second serrated knife (62) is slidably connected to the second guide rod (63). A return spring (64) is wound around the second guide rod (63). The two ends of the return spring (64) are respectively connected to the end of the second guide rod (63) and the second serrated knife (62). The bottom of the second serrated knife (62) is connected with an inverted "T" - shaped slider (621), and the slider (621) is slidably matched with a third chute (611) opened on the first serrated knife (61).
3. The forage harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that, The polygonal positioning block is a hexagonal positioning block.
4. The forage harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that, On one side of the bottom plate (1) close to the transmission shaft (7), two groups of perpendicular but non - intersecting first chutes (11) and second chutes (12) are opened. A first extrusion block (91) is slidably connected in the first chute (11), a second extrusion block (92) is slidably connected in the second chute (12), and the first extrusion block (91) is extrusion - matched with the second extrusion block (92).
5. A forage harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that, On the vertical frame (3), a first longitudinal guide rod (31) is arranged in parallel. A limiting plate (10) is slidably connected to the first longitudinal guide rod (31). The first longitudinal guide rod (31) slides through the limiting plate (10). One end of the first serrated knife (61) rotatably connected to the bottom plate (1) abuts against the limiting plate (10).
6. The forage harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that, One end of the top frame (4) close to the transmission shaft (7) is connected with a guide plate (41), and one end of the top frame (4) far from the transmission shaft (7) is connected with a push handle (42).