Carbon-containing hazardous waste pretreatment system for electrolytic aluminum factory

Abstract

The utility model discloses a carbon-containing hazardous waste pretreatment system for an electrolytic aluminum factory. The carbon-containing hazardous waste pretreatment system comprises a vibrating feeder, a jaw crusher, a cone crusher, a first iron remover, a first screening machine, a dry ball mill and a powder concentrator. The system has the advantages that block materials can be subjected to coarse crushing, medium crushing and fine grinding treatment through the jaw crusher, the cone crusher and the dry ball mill, qualified powder is obtained, elemental iron and elemental aluminum can be effectively separated out in the process, the content of the elemental iron and the content of the elemental aluminum in the powder are reduced, and the production cost is reduced. And therefore, the influence on subsequent valuable metal recovery and the purification cost are reduced. Moreover, the first screening machine can convey the sorted elemental aluminum and elemental iron to the manual sorting platform, manual sorting of the elemental aluminum and the elemental iron is completed in the manual sorting platform, operation on a conveying belt is not needed, the operation safety is improved, most of the elemental iron is sorted by the first iron remover, therefore, the labor intensity of subsequent manual sorting is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved. And the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical field:

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of treatment of carbon-containing hazardous waste from aluminum electrolysis plants, in particular to a pretreatment system for carbon-containing hazardous waste from aluminum electrolysis plants. Background technology:

[0002] The cathode blocks (WH321-023-48) and anode blocks (WH321-025-48) produced by the electrolytic aluminum plant are carbon-containing hazardous wastes. Their main components are carbon, sodium, aluminum, fluorine, lithium, carbon powder, and a small amount of iron. Part of the aluminum exists in the form of metallic aluminum, and the remaining aluminum, sodium, and fluorine exist in the form of cryolite molecules. Lithium exists in the form of lithium fluoride or lithium cryolite. Before recovering valuable metals, the above block materials need to be crushed and finely ground into 160 mesh 95% sieving rate powders. In addition, in order to reduce the adverse effects of the elemental aluminum and elemental iron entrained in the above materials on the subsequent recovery of valuable metals, the elemental aluminum and elemental iron entrained in them need to be removed. The existing crushing scheme is: during the crushing process of block materials, aluminum and iron are directly selected manually on the belt conveyor, which poses a great safety hazard; and most of the grinding to 160 mesh is done by Raymond mill, which causes the aluminum and iron that are not completely separated in the crushing process to enter the subsequent process at the same time as the materials after being ground in the Raymond mill and cannot be effectively separated, making the production and purification of the subsequent process very difficult. The carbon powder enters the subsequent recycling process, which increases the processing load of the recycling process, and at the same time makes it impossible to effectively recycle the carbon powder, resulting in a waste of resources. Utility model content:

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a pretreatment system for hazardous carbon-containing waste in an aluminum electrolytic plant.

[0004] The utility model is implemented by the following technical solutions: A pretreatment system for carbon-containing hazardous waste in an aluminum electrolysis plant, which includes a vibrating feeder, a jaw crusher, a cone crusher, a first iron remover, and a first screening machine connected in sequence. The oversize outlet of the first screening machine is connected to the feeding end of the manual sorting platform, the undersize outlet of the first screening machine is communicated with the inlet of the buffer tank, the outlet of the buffer tank is communicated with the inlet of the dry ball mill, the outlet of the dry ball mill is communicated with the inlet of the powder box, the outlet of the powder box is communicated with the inlet of the powder separator, the lightweight material outlet of the powder separator is communicated with the inlet of the finished product bin, the heavyweight material outlet of the powder separator is communicated with the inlet of the second screening machine, the oversize outlet of the second screening machine is communicated with the inlet of the elemental aluminum bin, and the undersize outlet of the second screening machine is communicated with the inlet of the buffer tank; the outlet of the finished product bin is communicated with the inlet of the flotation machine, the carbon powder outlet of the flotation machine is communicated with the inlet of the acid oxidation leaching tank, the outlet of the acid oxidation leaching tank is communicated with the inlet of the first filter press, and the solid phase outlet of the first filter press is connected with a carbon powder product discharge pipe; the waste cryolite powder discharge port of the flotation machine is communicated with a recovery material pipe, the overflow weir outlet of the flotation machine is communicated with the inlet of the hydrogen peroxide oxidation tank, and the outlet of the hydrogen peroxide oxidation tank is communicated with the inlet of the flotation machine.

[0005] Further, the discharging end of the manual sorting platform is communicated with the inlet of the cone crusher.

[0006] Further, it also includes a second iron remover arranged between the outlet of the powder box and the inlet of the powder separator. The outlet of the dry ball mill is communicated with the inlet of the second iron remover, and the outlet of the second iron remover is communicated with the inlet of the powder separator.

[0007] Further, the outlet of the powder box and the inlet of the powder separator are communicated through a pipeline, and the second iron remover is a pipeline type iron remover arranged on the pipeline.

[0008] Further, the first iron remover is an electromagnetic iron remover.

[0009] Advantages of the present utility model: Through the jaw crusher, cone crusher, and dry ball mill, the present system can conduct coarse crushing, medium crushing, and fine grinding on lumps to obtain qualified powder materials. During this process, elemental iron and elemental aluminum can be effectively separated, reducing the contents of elemental iron and elemental aluminum in the powder materials. Then, through flotation, carbon powder is separated, thereby reducing the impact on subsequent valuable metal recovery and purification costs, while realizing the recovery of carbon powder and improving resource utilization rate. Moreover, the first screening machine can send the separated elemental aluminum and elemental iron to the manual sorting platform, where manual sorting of elemental aluminum and elemental iron is completed without the need to operate on the conveyor belt, improving the safety of operation. And most of the elemental iron has been sorted out by the first iron remover. Therefore, the labor intensity of subsequent manual sorting is reduced and the operation efficiency is improved. Description of the drawings:

[0010] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present utility model.

[0011] Vibrating feeder 1, jaw crusher 2, cone crusher 3, first iron remover 4, first screening machine 5, manual sorting platform 6, buffer tank 7, dry ball mill 8, powder separator 9, finished product bin 10, second screening machine 11, elemental aluminum bin 12, second iron remover 13, powder bin 14, flotation machine 15, acid oxidation leaching tank 16, first filter press 17, carbon powder product discharge pipe 18, recovery material pipe 19, hydrogen peroxide oxidation tank 20. Specific embodiments:

[0012] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that when terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. appear, the orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it cannot be understood as a limitation to the present utility model. In addition, when terms such as "first", "second", "third" appear, they are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0013] Such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, a pretreatment system for carbon-containing hazardous waste in an electrolytic aluminum plant includes a vibrating feeder 1, a jaw crusher 2, a cone crusher 3, a first iron remover 4, and a first screening machine 5 that are connected in sequence. The oversize outlet of the first screening machine 5 is connected to the feeding end of an artificial sorting platform 6, and the discharging end of the artificial sorting platform 6 is communicated with the inlet of the cone crusher 3. In this embodiment, the vibrating feeder 1, the jaw crusher 2, the cone crusher 3, the first iron remover 4, the first screening machine 5, and the artificial sorting platform 6 are connected to each other by belt conveyors. The first iron remover 4 is a permanent magnet iron remover arranged on the corresponding belt conveyor. After the raw materials enter the system through the vibrating feeder 1, they are first coarsely crushed and then medium-crushed by the jaw crusher 2 and the cone crusher 3 in sequence. After that, the elemental iron is separated by the first iron remover 4, and then the materials are screened by the first screening machine 5. The elemental aluminum and elemental iron separated by the first screening machine 5 are sent to the artificial sorting platform, where the separation of elemental aluminum and elemental iron is completed manually, without the need to operate on the conveyor belt, improving the safety of operation. Moreover, most of the elemental iron has been separated by the first iron remover 4. Therefore, the labor intensity of subsequent manual sorting is reduced, and the operation efficiency is improved.

[0014] The undersize outlet of the first screening machine 5 is communicated with the inlet of a buffer tank 7, the outlet of the buffer tank 7 is communicated with the inlet of a dry ball mill 8, the outlet of the dry ball mill 8 is communicated with the inlet of a powder tank 14, the outlet of the powder tank 14 is communicated with the inlet of a powder separator 9, the light material outlet of the powder separator 9 is communicated with the inlet of a finished product bin 10, the heavy material outlet of the powder separator 9 is communicated with the inlet of a second screening machine 11, the oversize outlet of the second screening machine 11 is communicated with the inlet of an elemental aluminum bin 12, and the undersize outlet of the second screening machine 11 is communicated with the inlet of the buffer tank 7. In this embodiment, both between the first screening machine 5 and the buffer tank 7 and between the second screening machine 11 and the buffer tank 7 are connected by belt conveyors. The materials screened by the first screening machine 5 are buffered by the buffer tank 7 and then finally finely ground by the dry ball mill 8. The finely ground materials are temporarily stored in the powder tank 14 and then sent to the powder separator 9 to select the qualified powder. The unqualified materials are screened by the second screening machine 11 to separate the elemental aluminum, and the remaining materials are sent back to the buffer tank 7.

[0015] It further includes a second iron remover 13 arranged between the outlet of the powder tank 14 and the inlet of the powder separator 9. The outlet of the dry ball mill 8 is communicated with the inlet of the second iron remover 13, and the outlet of the second iron remover 13 is communicated with the inlet of the powder separator 9. In this embodiment, the outlet of the powder tank 14 and the inlet of the powder separator 9 are connected by a pipeline, and the second iron remover 13 is a pipeline-type iron remover arranged on this pipeline. The second iron remover 13 can be used to further separate a small amount of elemental iron mixed in the powder after ball milling, further reducing the iron content of the finished powder.

[0016] The outlet of the finished product bin 10 is connected to the inlet of the flotation machine 15. The carbon powder outlet of the flotation machine 15 is connected to the inlet of the acid oxidation leaching tank 16. The outlet of the acid oxidation leaching tank 16 is connected to the inlet of the first filter press 17. A carbon powder product discharge pipe 18 is connected to the solid phase outlet of the first filter press 17. The waste cryolite powder discharge port of the flotation machine 15 is connected to a recovery material pipe 19. The overflow weir outlet of the leaching tank is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen peroxide oxidation tank 20. The outlet of the hydrogen peroxide oxidation tank 20 is connected to the inlet of the flotation machine 15.

[0017] Working process:

[0018] S1: The carbon-containing hazardous waste ton bags are transported to the crushing workshop and then transferred to the bin of the vibrating feeder 1 by a forklift for a second time. The vibrating feeder 1 feeds the material to the jaw crusher 2 in a vibrating manner. The lumpy raw material is roughly crushed by the jaw crusher 2 to 30 - 60 mm.

[0019] S2: The roughly crushed slag is transported to the cone crusher 3 by a belt conveyor for medium crushing to 10 - 20 mm. During this process, the elemental iron exposed after medium crushing is selected by the first iron remover 4.

[0020] S3: The slag after medium crushing is sent to the first screening machine for secondary screening of elemental aluminum and elemental iron. The oversize materials are sent to the manual sorting platform 6, and the elemental iron and elemental aluminum are sorted out manually. The remaining materials are sent back to the cone crusher 3 for re-crushing. The undersize materials are sent to the buffer bin.

[0021] S4: The materials in the buffer bin 7 are sent to the dry ball mill 8 for final fine grinding. The qualified powder with a final particle size of 160 mesh and a 90% sieve passing rate is sent to the powder bin 14 for temporary storage.

[0022] S5: The powder sent out from the powder bin 14 is further sorted out of the elemental iron by the second iron remover 13. The powder is then sent to the powder separator 9 for powder selection. The light powder that meets the requirements with a particle size of 160 mesh and a sieve passing rate of over 95% is sent to the finished product bin 10 for storage. The heavy particulate matter that does not meet the requirements is sent to the second screening machine 11 for re-selection.

[0023] S6: The oversize materials of the second screening machine 11 are mainly elemental aluminum and are stored separately in the elemental aluminum bin. The undersize materials of the second screening machine 11 are sent back to the buffer bin 7 and then re-ground.

[0024] S7: The powder stored in the finished product bin 10 is fed into the flotation machine 15 for flotation. Since the quality of carbon powder and waste cryolite is different, they are discharged from different flotation outlets.

[0025] S8: The carbon powder discharged from the flotation machine 15 is first fed into the acid oxidation leaching tank 16, and hydrochloric acid is added to leach the lithium therein. Then, it is filtered by the first filter press 17. The wet carbon powder filtered out is discharged through the carbon powder product discharge pipe 18, and the acidic lithium solution filtered out can be processed through the subsequent system for recovery;

[0026] S9: The flotation liquid discharged from the overflow weir of the flotation machine 15 is fed into the hydrogen peroxide oxidation tank 20 for oxidation to obtain non-toxic water, which is sent back to the flotation machine 15 for reuse;

[0027] S10: The waste cryolite discharged from the flotation machine 15 is discharged through the recovery material pipe 19 to the recovery system for recovery treatment.

[0028] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pretreatment system for carbon-containing hazardous waste in an electrolytic aluminum plant, characterized in that, It includes a vibrating feeder, a jaw crusher, a cone crusher, a first iron remover, and a first screening machine connected in sequence. The oversize material outlet of the first screening machine is connected to the feeding end of the manual sorting platform. The undersize material outlet of the first screening machine is communicated with the inlet of the buffer tank. The outlet of the buffer tank is communicated with the inlet of the dry ball mill. The outlet of the dry ball mill is communicated with the inlet of the powder tank. The outlet of the powder tank is communicated with the inlet of the powder separator. The light material outlet of the powder separator is communicated with the inlet of the finished product bin. The heavy material outlet of the powder separator is communicated with the inlet of the second screening machine. The oversize material outlet of the second screening machine is communicated with the inlet of the elemental aluminum bin. The undersize material outlet of the second screening machine is communicated with the inlet of the buffer tank. The outlet of the finished product bin is communicated with the inlet of the flotation machine. The carbon powder outlet of the flotation machine is communicated with the inlet of the acid oxidation leaching tank. The outlet of the acid oxidation leaching tank is communicated with the inlet of the first filter press. The solid phase outlet of the first filter press is connected with a carbon powder product discharge pipe. The waste cryolite powder discharge port of the flotation machine is connected with a recovery material pipe. The overflow weir outlet of the flotation machine is communicated with the inlet of the hydrogen peroxide oxidation tank. The outlet of the hydrogen peroxide oxidation tank is communicated with the inlet of the flotation machine.

2. The pretreatment system for carbon-containing hazardous waste in an electrolytic aluminum plant according to claim 1, wherein The discharging end of the manual sorting platform is communicated with the inlet of the cone crusher.

3. The pretreatment system for carbon-containing hazardous waste in an electrolytic aluminum plant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It further includes a second iron remover arranged between the outlet of the powder tank and the inlet of the powder separator. The outlet of the dry ball mill is communicated with the inlet of the second iron remover. The outlet of the second iron remover is communicated with the inlet of the powder separator.

4. The pretreatment system for carbon-containing hazardous waste in an electrolytic aluminum plant according to claim 3, wherein The outlet of the powder tank and the inlet of the powder separator are communicated through a pipeline. The second iron remover is a pipeline type iron remover arranged on the pipeline.

5. An electrolytic aluminum plant carbon-containing hazardous waste pretreatment system according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that, The first iron remover is an electromagnetic iron remover.

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