Multi-layer composite rare earth flame-retardant plastic plate structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to a multi-layer composite rare earth flame-retardant plastic plate structure which comprises a bottom layer, a core layer and a surface layer. The bottom layer is made of polycarbonate plastic and provides high impact resistance; the core layer is made of a polyvinyl chloride material and a composite material doped with rare earth elements such as yttrium, cerium and lanthanum, so that the board is endowed with excellent flame retardant property; the surface layer is made of polypropylene flame-retardant plastic, and the outer surface of the surface layer is sequentially coated with a polyurethane wear-resistant coating and a nano silicon dioxide waterproof coating, so that the wear resistance and the water resistance are enhanced. All the layers are tightly combined through a pressing process to form an integral structure. The board structure is remarkably improved in the aspects of flame retardance, mechanical strength and environmental tolerance, and is suitable for application scenes such as buildings and traffic requiring high flame retardance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of plastic sheets, in particular to a structure of a multi-layer composite rare earth flame-retardant plastic sheet. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of construction, transportation, home decoration, etc., plastic sheets have been widely used due to their advantages such as light weight, easy processing, and low cost. However, traditional plastic materials generally have flammability. When encountering high temperature or fire source, they are easy to burn and the fire spreads rapidly, producing toxic smoke, which seriously threatens people's life and property safety. Therefore, improving the flame-retardant performance of plastic sheets has become the focus of attention in the industry. To improve the flame-retardant performance of plastics, flame retardants are usually added to the matrix material. Common flame retardants include halogen-containing compounds, phosphorus-based flame retardants, and inorganic flame retardants, etc. Although these flame retardants can effectively inhibit the spread of fire, they also have some drawbacks that cannot be ignored. For example, halogen-containing flame retardants will release corrosive gases during combustion, which are harmful to the environment and human body; while some inorganic flame retardants need to be added in large amounts, resulting in a decline in the mechanical properties of the material.

[0003] As a new type of environmentally friendly flame-retardant material, rare earth elements have gradually attracted attention due to their unique chemical properties and high flame-retardant performance. Research has found that rare earth elements can form a stable oxide layer during combustion, effectively isolating oxygen and thus inhibiting the spread of fire.

[0004] In view of this, the inventor of the present application has specifically designed a structure of a multi-layer composite rare earth flame-retardant plastic sheet, and this case is thus generated. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] (I) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a structure of a multi-layer composite rare earth flame-retardant plastic sheet, which solves at least the technical problem of how to achieve high flame-retardant performance in a plastic sheet while maintaining its mechanical strength and environmental friendliness.

[0007] (II) Technical Solutions

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present application provides a structure of a multi-layer composite rare earth flame-retardant plastic sheet, including a bottom layer, and the bottom layer is composed of a plastic layer of polycarbonate; a core layer is provided on the bottom layer, and the core layer includes a composite material layer composed of a polyvinyl chloride material layer and rare earth elements doped therein, and the rare earth elements include yttrium (Y), cerium (Ce), and lanthanum (La); a surface layer composed of a polypropylene flame-retardant plastic layer is provided above the core layer; a wear-resistant coating and a waterproof coating are sequentially provided on the outer surface of the surface layer.

[0010] In a further embodiment, the total content of the rare earth elements accounts for 5% to 20% of the total weight of the core layer material.

[0011] In a further embodiment, the wear-resistant coating is a polyurethane material layer.

[0012] In a further embodiment, the waterproof coating is a nano-silica coating.

[0013] In a further embodiment, the rare earth elements are uniformly distributed in the polyvinyl chloride material layer, forming a tightly combined structure with the polyvinyl chloride material layer.

[0014] In a further embodiment, the core layer is tightly combined with the surface layer and the bottom layer by pressing, forming an integral multi-layer composite board structure.

[0015] In a further embodiment, the total thickness of the multi-layer composite board structure is 5 mm to 20 mm.

[0016] In a further embodiment, the thickness of the core layer is 1 mm to 5 mm.

[0017] In a further embodiment, the rare earth elements further include neodymium (Nd).

[0018] In a further embodiment, a wear-resistant coating and a waterproof coating are sequentially provided on the outer surface of the surface layer.

[0019] (III) Advantageous Effects

[0020] The present utility model has the following advantageous effects compared with the prior art:

[0021] 1. Significantly improved flame retardant performance:

[0022] By incorporating rare earth elements such as yttrium (Y), cerium (Ce), and lanthanum (La) into the core layer, and further adding neodymium (Nd) in some embodiments, the board of the present utility model can form a dense oxide layer at high temperatures, significantly improving the flame retardant performance of the board. Compared with traditional flame retardant materials, the present utility model avoids the use of halogen-containing flame retardants, reduces the generation of toxic gases, and has higher environmental protection and safety.

[0023] 2. Optimized multi-layer structure design:

[0024] This sheet material is designed with a main three - layer structure, including a high - strength polycarbonate bottom layer, a polyvinyl chloride core layer containing rare - earth elements, and a polypropylene surface layer with flame - retardant properties. The selection and function distribution of each layer of material are optimized. Each layer has its own function. The bottom layer provides impact resistance, the core layer provides the main flame - retardant effect, and the surface layer combines wear - resistant and waterproof coatings to provide additional protection. This multi - layer composite structure has higher mechanical strength and flame - retardant ability compared to existing single - layer or simple composite structures, and can effectively extend the service life of the sheet material.

[0025] The following further describes in detail the specific implementation manners of the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0026] In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 Schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of each layer structure of the present utility model Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 2 Schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of each layer structure of the present utility model Figure 2 。

[0029] Explanation of the reference numerals in the figures: 1, bottom layer; 2, core layer; 3, surface layer; 4, wear - resistant coating; 5, waterproof coating; 6, rare - earth element. Specific Implementation Manner

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present utility model.

[0031] As Figure 1 shown, the present utility model discloses a multi - layer composite rare - earth flame - retardant plastic sheet material structure, including a bottom layer 1, and the bottom layer 1 is composed of a plastic layer of polycarbonate; a core layer 2 is provided on the bottom layer 1, and the core layer 2 includes a composite material layer composed of a polyvinyl chloride material layer and rare - earth elements 6 doped therein. The rare - earth elements 6 include yttrium (Y), cerium (Ce), and lanthanum (La); and are uniformly distributed in the polyvinyl chloride material layer through a high - temperature blending process. The rare - earth elements 6 form chemical bonds with the polyvinyl chloride material layer to improve the flame - retardant performance and mechanical strength of the sheet material.

[0032] Above the core layer 2, there is a surface layer 3 composed of a polypropylene flame - retardant plastic layer, and a wear - resistant coating 4 and a waterproof coating 5 are sequentially provided on the outer surface of the surface layer 3. The basic structure of the multi - layer composite rare - earth flame - retardant plastic sheet material is defined. By designing a multi - layer structure, the flame - retardant performance, mechanical strength, and environmental tolerance of the sheet material are enhanced, while providing wear - resistant and waterproof characteristics.

[0033] The bottom layer 1 provides high impact resistance and mechanical strength, ensuring the stability of the board. The core layer 2 is designed to not only provide fire retardancy for the basic structure but also utilize rare earth element 6 to enhance the high-temperature resistance and overall stability of the material. The surface layer 3 enhances the fire retardant ability of the surface layer and improves the wear resistance and waterproof performance through an additional coating, extending the service life of the board.

[0034] The total content of rare earth element 6 accounts for 5% to 20% of the total weight of the material of the core layer 2. Ensure that the addition amount of rare earth element 6 can effectively improve the fire retardant performance while avoiding the decline of the processing performance and mechanical properties of the material due to excessive addition. An appropriate content of rare earth element 6 can significantly enhance the fire retardant performance and prevent the spread of fire. Control the content of rare earth element 6 within an appropriate range to ensure the overall strength and toughness of the board.

[0035] The wear-resistant coating 4 is a polyurethane material layer. The polyurethane material layer has good wear resistance and elasticity, which can significantly extend the service life of the board, increase the wear resistance of the board surface, and adapt to the environment of frequent contact and friction. It effectively protects the material of the surface layer 3 from mechanical wear and maintains the beauty and performance of the board.

[0036] As Figure 2 shown, the waterproof coating 5 is composed of a nano-silica material layer. By adding a nano-silica coating to the surface layer 3, the waterproof performance of the board is improved, enabling it to be used in a humid environment for a long time. The nano-silica material has excellent hydrophobic properties and can effectively prevent moisture from penetrating into the interior of the board. It prevents the corrosion of the core layer 2 and the bottom layer 1 materials by moisture and extends the service life of the board.

[0037] Rare earth element 6 is uniformly distributed in the polyvinyl chloride material layer, forming a tightly combined structure with the polyvinyl chloride material layer. By uniformly distributing rare earth element 6, it ensures that an effective fire retardant barrier can be formed under high-temperature conditions and a firm bond is formed with the matrix material. The uniformly distributed rare earth element 6 can form a stable oxide layer during the combustion process, significantly improving the fire retardant effect. The tight combination of rare earth element 6 and polyvinyl chloride ensures that the material is not easily separated under high temperature and external force, maintaining the structural integrity.

[0038] As Figure 1 shown, the core layer 2 is tightly combined with the surface layer 3 and the bottom layer 1 through pressing to form an integral multi-layer composite board structure. Through the pressing technology, the materials of each layer are tightly combined to ensure the integrity and stability of the multi-layer structure. Through the tight combination, the materials of each layer evenly share the external stress, reduce local stress concentration, and extend the service life of the board.

[0039] The total thickness of the multi-layer composite board structure is controlled between 5 mm and 20 mm. Limiting the thickness range of the board ensures that while providing sufficient strength and flame retardant properties, it maintains the lightness and workability of the material. The moderate thickness range can not only ensure the structural strength of the board, but also prevent the board from being too heavy, facilitating transportation and installation. Adjusting the thickness range enables the board to adapt to different usage scenarios and has a wider range of applications.

[0040] The thickness of the core layer 2 is 1 mm to 5 mm. By limiting the thickness of the core layer 2, it ensures that while providing an effective flame retardant barrier, it does not affect the overall thickness and strength of the board.

[0041] As Figure 2 shown, adding neodymium (Nd) to the rare earth element 6 combination of the core layer 2 further enhances the flame retardant effect and thermal stability of the core layer 2. The addition of neodymium helps to further improve the thermal stability and flame retardant effect of the material at high temperatures, enhances the performance of the material in extreme environments, and expands the application range of the board, especially in high temperature environments or occasions with higher fire protection requirements.

[0042] In summary, the design rationality and innovation of the multi-layer composite rare earth flame retardant plastic board structure, through optimizing material selection and hierarchical structure, improve the comprehensive performance of the board, especially in terms of flame retardancy, mechanical strength and environmental adaptability, and has broad application prospects.

[0043] The above has made an exemplary description of the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present utility model is not limited by the above methods. As long as various non-substantive improvements are made by adopting the method concept and technical solution of the present utility model, or the concept and technical solution of the present utility model are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A structure of a multi-layer composite rare earth flame-retardant plastic sheet, characterized in that, It includes a bottom layer (1) which is composed of a plastic layer of polycarbonate; a core layer (2) is provided on the bottom layer (1), and the core layer (2) includes a composite material layer composed of a polyvinyl chloride material layer and a rare earth element (6) doped therein. The rare earth element (6) includes yttrium (Y), cerium (Ce) and lanthanum (La); a surface layer (3) composed of a polypropylene flame-retardant plastic layer is provided above the core layer (2); a wear-resistant coating (4) and a waterproof coating (5) are sequentially laminated on the outer surface of the surface layer (3).

2. The structure of a multi-layer composite rare earth flame-retardant plastic sheet according to claim 1, wherein: The total content of the rare earth element (6) accounts for 5% to 20% of the total weight of the core layer (2) material.

3. A multi-layer composite rare earth flame-retardant plastic sheet structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The wear-resistant coating (4) is a polyurethane material layer.

4. A structure of a multi-layer composite rare earth flame-retardant plastic sheet according to claim 3, characterized in that: The waterproof coating (5) is a nano-silica coating.

5. The structure of a multi-layer composite rare earth flame-retardant plastic sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rare earth element (6) is uniformly distributed in the polyvinyl chloride material layer and forms a tightly combined structure with the polyvinyl chloride material layer.

6. The structure of a multi-layer composite rare earth flame-retardant plastic sheet according to claim 1, wherein: The core layer (2) is tightly combined with the surface layer (3) and the bottom layer (1) by lamination to form an integral multi-layer composite board structure.

7. A structure of a multi-layer composite rare earth flame-retardant plastic sheet according to claim 6, characterized in that: The total thickness of the multi-layer composite board structure is 5 mm to 20 mm.

8. A structure of a multi-layer composite rare earth flame-retardant plastic sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the core layer (2) is 1 mm to 5 mm.

9. The structure of a multi-layer composite rare earth flame-retardant plastic sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rare earth element (6) further includes neodymium (Nd).

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