Electric automobile air conditioning system based on phase change material energy storage and electric automobile

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric automobile air conditioning system based on phase change material energy storage and an electric automobile, and relates to the technical field of heat management, the electric automobile air conditioning system comprises an energy storage switch, a whole automobile controller, a charging pile, a high-voltage box, a heat pump air conditioner, an energy storage box, a battery refrigerating / heating loop and a compartment refrigerating / heating loop; the energy storage switch is electrically connected with the vehicle control unit, and the vehicle control unit is used for receiving electric signals of the energy storage switch; the vehicle control unit is electrically connected with the high-voltage box and the heat pump air conditioner through a CAN. The vehicle control unit is used for issuing an energy storage control instruction to the high-voltage box and the heat pump air conditioner. The charging pile is connected to the high-voltage box through a charging wire, the high-voltage box is electrically connected with the heat pump air conditioner, the heat pump air conditioner is connected with the energy storage box, and a phase change material is arranged in the energy storage box and used for storing energy; the heat pump air conditioner is connected with the battery refrigerating / heating loop, and the energy storage box is connected with the compartment refrigerating / heating loop. According to the utility model, charging and energy storage can be realized during trough electricity price, and refrigeration / heating can be independently carried out on the battery and the compartment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of thermal management, and particularly relates to an electric vehicle air conditioning system and an electric vehicle based on phase change material energy storage. Background Art

[0002] The statements herein only provide the background art related to the utility model, and do not necessarily constitute the prior art.

[0003] With the rapid development of the electric vehicle industry, the performance of electric vehicles has received extensive attention. Currently, the following problems still exist in the use method of electric vehicle air conditioners:

[0004] (1) Electric vehicles usually use heat pump air conditioners to provide cooling / heating for the carriage, and the cooling / heating of the power battery in the vehicle mostly also adopts the method of integrating water cooling by the air conditioner. The on-vehicle air conditioner usually directly uses the electric energy stored in the power battery of the electric vehicle, which will directly affect the cruising range of the whole vehicle.

[0005] (2) The current on-vehicle air conditioners often are responsible for the thermal management of both the carriage and the power battery circuit at the same time, and there are still certain energy distribution problems, which may cause problems such as the battery pack not being able to work in the most suitable temperature range or reducing the comfort of passengers.

[0006] (3) Currently, when an electric vehicle is charging, after the charging gun is connected, the vehicle is directly charged. It does not consider using the valley electricity price and does not participate in the peak shaving and valley filling of the power grid, resulting in a relatively high electricity cost. Summary of the Utility Model

[0007] In view of the above problems and defects existing in the prior art, the utility model provides an electric vehicle air conditioning system and an electric vehicle based on phase change material energy storage. By setting an energy storage switch connected to the vehicle control unit VCU, the charging is enabled at valley electricity prices, and by setting a phase change material connected to the heat pump air conditioner for additional energy storage, the carriage uses the additional energy storage for cooling / heating instead of taking the energy of the on-vehicle power battery, avoiding the impact on the cruising range of the whole vehicle, and separating the energy of the power battery circuit and the carriage cooling / heating, which can ensure that the battery pack works in the most suitable temperature range and ensure the comfort of passengers at the same time.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] In the first aspect, the utility model proposes an electric vehicle air conditioning system based on phase change material energy storage.

[0010] An electric vehicle air conditioning system based on phase change material energy storage, comprising an energy storage switch, a vehicle controller, a charging pile, a high-voltage box, a heat pump air conditioner, an energy storage box, a battery cooling / heating circuit, and a compartment cooling / heating circuit;

[0011] The energy storage switch is electrically connected to the vehicle controller, and the vehicle controller is used to receive the electrical signal of the energy storage switch; the vehicle controller is electrically connected to the high-voltage box and the heat pump air conditioner through CAN, and the vehicle controller is used to send energy storage control instructions to the high-voltage box and the heat pump air conditioner; the charging pile is connected to the high-voltage box through a charging cable, the high-voltage box is electrically connected to the heat pump air conditioner, the heat pump air conditioner is connected to the energy storage box, and a phase change material is provided in the energy storage box for energy storage; the heat pump air conditioner is connected to the battery cooling / heating circuit, and the energy storage box is connected to the compartment cooling / heating circuit.

[0012] In a further technical solution, the energy storage switch is arranged on the instrument panel and is a two-position self-resetting switch; the energy storage switch has two switches for cold storage and heat storage, and the two switches correspond to electrical signals of two energy storage modes.

[0013] In a further technical solution, the charging pile communicates with the vehicle controller and is used to transmit the information of the valley electricity price time period to the vehicle controller through communication, and the vehicle controller is used to generate an energy storage control instruction according to the memorized energy storage mode and the information of the valley electricity price time period.

[0014] In a further technical solution, the heat pump air conditioner includes a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve A, an expansion valve B, and a plate heat exchanger; the compressor is connected to the condenser through a pipeline, the condenser is respectively connected to the expansion valve A and the expansion valve B through pipelines, the expansion valve A is connected to the plate heat exchanger through a pipeline, and the plate heat exchanger is connected to the battery cooling / heating circuit through a pipeline; the expansion valve B is connected to the energy storage box through a pipeline, and the energy storage box is connected to the compartment cooling / heating circuit through a pipeline.

[0015] In a further technical solution, a cooling medium is provided in the pipeline.

[0016] In a further technical solution, both the plate heat exchanger and the energy storage box are connected to the compressor through pipelines.

[0017] In a further technical solution, the battery cooling / heating circuit includes a first circulation pipeline connected to the plate heat exchanger, and the first circulation pipeline passes through the power battery pack for cooling / heating the power battery pack; a water pump A is provided on the first circulation pipeline, and the water pump A is electrically connected to the vehicle controller.

[0018] In a further technical solution, the compartment cooling / heating circuit includes a second circulation pipeline connected to the energy storage box, and the second circulation pipeline passes through a heat dissipation core body arranged in the compartment for cooling / heating the compartment; a water pump B is provided on the second circulation pipeline, and the water pump B is electrically connected to the vehicle controller.

[0019] Further technical solution: A phase change material is provided inside the energy storage box, a vacuum tube for heat preservation is arranged outside the phase change material, a water pipe is arranged inside the phase change material, and the water pipe is communicated with the second circulation pipeline for the circulating flow of the cooling medium inside the pipe.

[0020] In a second aspect, the present utility model proposes an electric vehicle.

[0021] An electric vehicle includes an electric vehicle air conditioning system based on phase change material energy storage proposed in the first aspect.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The present utility model provides an electric vehicle air conditioning system and an electric vehicle based on phase change material energy storage. By setting an energy storage switch connected to the vehicle control unit (VCU), the selected cold storage / heat storage mode can be determined according to the electrical signal of the energy storage switch, and the vehicle control unit (VCU) communicates with the charging pile to obtain the information of the valley electricity price time period. Thus, the vehicle control unit (VCU) can control the charging to start at the valley electricity price, control the air conditioner to work, and store energy in the energy storage box at the same time, which can effectively reduce the vehicle operation cost and participate in the peak shaving and valley filling of the power grid.

[0024] 2. The present utility model provides an electric vehicle air conditioning system and an electric vehicle based on phase change material energy storage. By setting an energy storage box with a phase change material connected to the heat pump air conditioner for additional energy storage, during the charging process, the energy can be stored by the phase change of the phase change material, and then released when needed. In this way, the compartment can use the additional energy storage for refrigeration / heating without consuming the energy of the in-vehicle power battery, avoiding the impact on the overall vehicle cruising range and effectively improving the vehicle cruising range.

[0025] 3. In the present utility model, the energy storage box is only responsible for the refrigeration / heating of the compartment, and during the driving process, the heat pump air conditioner is only responsible for the refrigeration / heating of the power battery. In this way, the energy circuits for the refrigeration / heating of the power battery and the refrigeration / heating of the compartment are separated, which can ensure that the power battery pack works in the most suitable temperature range and the comfort of passengers at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The attached drawings forming a part of the present utility model are used to provide a further understanding of the present utility model. The schematic embodiments of the present utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the present utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present utility model.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of the electric vehicle air conditioning system based on phase change material energy storage of the present utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of battery thermal management and vehicle cabin thermal management in the present utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the energy storage box in the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 It is the three - view drawings of the energy storage box in the present utility model; among them, (a) is the front view of the energy storage box, (b) is the side view of the energy storage box, and (c) is the top view of the energy storage box.

[0031] Among them, 1 is a water pipe; 2 is a phase - change material; 3 is a vacuum tube. Specific implementation manners

[0032] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all illustrative and are intended to provide further explanations for the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present application belongs.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific implementation manners and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "include" and / or "comprise" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] As Figure 1 shown, the present utility model discloses an electric vehicle air - conditioning system based on phase - change material energy storage, which includes an energy storage switch, a vehicle controller VCU, a charging pile, a high - voltage box, a heat pump air conditioner, an energy storage box, a battery cooling / heating circuit (which can be abbreviated as a battery circuit) and a vehicle cabin cooling / heating circuit. Among them, the energy storage switch is electrically connected to the vehicle controller VCU, and the vehicle controller is used to receive the electrical signal of the energy storage switch; the vehicle controller is electrically connected to the high - voltage box and the heat pump air conditioner through CAN, and the vehicle controller is used to issue energy storage control instructions to the high - voltage box and the heat pump air conditioner; the charging pile is connected to the high - voltage box through a charging cable, the high - voltage box is electrically connected to the heat pump air conditioner, the heat pump air conditioner is connected to the energy storage box, and the energy storage box is provided with a phase - change material for energy storage; the heat pump air conditioner is connected to the battery cooling / heating circuit, and the heat pump air conditioner independently provides cooling / heating for the power battery. The energy storage box is connected to the vehicle cabin cooling / heating circuit, and the energy storage box independently provides cooling / heating for the vehicle cabin, so as to achieve the isolation of the cooling / heating of the power battery and the vehicle cabin.

[0036] Specifically, the energy storage switch is arranged on the instrument panel and is a two - position self - reset switch. This energy storage switch has two positions for cold storage and heat storage, and the two - position switch corresponds to two kinds of energy storage mode electrical signals. When the driver finishes driving, the energy storage switch can be used to select either the cold storage or heat storage mode. The vehicle control unit (VCU) memorizes the energy storage mode by receiving and detecting the electrical signal of the energy storage switch to determine whether the current energy storage mode is cold storage or heat storage.

[0037] Furthermore, the charging pile communicates with the vehicle control unit (VCU) to transmit the information of the valley - time electricity price period to the VCU. The VCU is electrically connected to the high - voltage box and the heat pump air conditioner through CAN. The VCU can generate an energy storage control instruction according to the memorized energy storage mode and the information of the valley - time electricity price period, and send the energy storage control instruction to the high - voltage box and the heat pump air conditioner. Among them, the energy storage control instruction includes the charging start time period and the energy storage mode control method. The process of the VCU generating the above - mentioned energy storage control instruction according to the received signal is a data - processing process, which is prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0038] Furthermore, the high - voltage box is used for high - voltage power distribution. Specifically, the charging pile is electrically connected to the high - voltage box. While the high - voltage box is electrically connected to the heat pump air conditioner, it is also electrically connected to the power battery. As a medium between the power battery, the charging pile, and vehicle electrical components such as the heat pump air conditioner, it is internally provided with devices such as high - voltage fuses and high - voltage contactors. The electricity provided by the charging pile enters the power battery and other vehicle electrical components after passing through the high - voltage box. In the present utility model, the high - voltage box starts or stops charging according to the charging start time period in the instruction, so as to supply power to the heat pump air conditioner, the power battery, etc. at a specific time (i.e., the valley - time electricity price period); the heat pump air conditioner operates in the corresponding mode according to the energy storage mode control method in the instruction. On this basis, the heat pump air conditioner is connected to the energy storage box to provide energy for the energy storage box to achieve cold storage / heat storage.

[0039] As Figure 2 shown, the above - mentioned heat pump air conditioner includes a compressor, a condenser, expansion valve A, expansion valve B, and a plate heat exchanger (referred to as a plate exchanger for short); the compressor is connected to the condenser through a pipeline, the condenser is respectively connected to expansion valve A and expansion valve B through pipelines, expansion valve A is connected to the plate heat exchanger through a pipeline, and the plate heat exchanger is connected to the battery refrigeration / heating circuit through a pipeline; expansion valve B is connected to the energy storage box through a pipeline, and the energy storage box is connected to the cabin refrigeration / heating circuit through a pipeline; both the plate heat exchanger and the energy storage box are connected to the compressor through pipelines again, so as to form two - cycle pipelines. Among them, a cooling medium is provided in the pipeline, and the cooling medium circulates in the two - cycle pipelines formed above. Preferably, the cooling medium can be a commonly used refrigerant, such as R407C, R410A, etc.

[0040] Furthermore, the battery cooling / heating circuit includes a first circulation pipeline connected to the plate heat exchanger. The first circulation pipeline passes through the power battery pack and is used to cool / heat the power battery pack. A water pump A is provided on the first circulation pipeline. The water pump A is electrically connected to the vehicle controller, and the vehicle controller controls the operation of the water pump A to achieve the control of cooling / heating the power battery pack. The cabin cooling / heating circuit includes a second circulation pipeline connected to the energy storage tank. The second circulation pipeline passes through the heat dissipation core body arranged in the cabin and is used to cool / heat the cabin. A water pump B is provided on the second circulation pipeline. The water pump B is electrically connected to the vehicle controller to achieve the control of cooling / heating inside the cabin. In addition, both expansion valves A and B are electronic expansion valves, and they are both electrically connected to the vehicle controller, and the vehicle controller is used to control the opening degrees of expansion valves A and B.

[0041] Based on the above settings, in the present utility model, the on-vehicle power battery is also electrically connected to the heat pump air conditioner to supply power to the heat pump air conditioner. The plate heat exchanger in the heat pump air conditioner is a traditional heat exchanger, which can exchange heat through the temperature difference between the fluids in two adjacent flow channels. When the vehicle is running, the refrigerant can be controlled not to pass through the energy storage circuit by controlling the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve B to 0. At this time, the vehicle power battery does not supply energy to the energy storage tank, and the operating temperature of the power battery can be adjusted by controlling the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve A. Further, at this time, the temperature of the power battery can be finely adjusted by regulating the water pump A, and the cooling / heating of the interior of the cabin can be regulated by regulating the water pump B based on the energy in the energy storage tank. During the energy storage process of the vehicle, the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve B is controlled to open the electronic expansion valve B, and at the same time, the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve A is controlled to close the electronic expansion valve A to store energy in the energy storage tank.

[0042] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, a phase change material 2 is provided in the energy storage tank. The phase change material mainly includes an organic phase change material and a hydrated salt phase change material. The organic phase change material includes n-alkane paraffin, organic phase change wax, etc. A vacuum tube 3 for heat preservation is provided outside the phase change material 2. The vacuum tube is a heat preservation medium to prevent the loss of cold / heat. A water pipe 1 is provided inside the phase change material 2. The water pipe is communicated with the above-mentioned second circulation pipeline and is used for the circulating flow of the cooling medium in the pipe. Through the circulation of the cooling medium, the phase change of the phase change material is realized, thereby realizing energy storage. For example, when using the cold provided by the air conditioning system, during charging, the phase change material changes from liquid to solid to store cold, and when the cold is taken, the phase change material changes from solid to liquid to cool the cabin.

[0043] The principle of the air conditioning system proposed in this embodiment is as follows: When the driver finishes driving, the energy storage switch set on the instrument panel is used to select the cold storage or heat storage mode. After receiving different electrical signals, the vehicle control unit (VCU) memorizes the energy storage mode. The charging pile communicates with the vehicle control unit and transmits the information of the valley electricity price period to the vehicle control unit. When the VCU determines that the valley electricity price period has arrived, it controls the heat pump air conditioner to work in the corresponding mode through the preset cold storage / heat storage mode, and stores the energy through the phase change of the phase change material. When the compartment needs cooling / heating, the energy storage box is controlled to release cold / heat to provide a suitable temperature for the compartment.

[0044] Embodiment 2

[0045] The present utility model proposes an electric vehicle, which includes an electric vehicle air conditioning system based on phase change material energy storage proposed in Embodiment 1.

[0046] The present utility model provides cooling and heating for the compartment through the energy storage box applying phase change materials, which can avoid the large consumption of power battery energy for compartment cooling and heating, and effectively improve the cruising range of the vehicle; through the setting of the energy storage switch, the preset energy storage mode, the information interaction between the charging pile and the vehicle controller, and the control of the high-voltage box and the heat pump air conditioner by the vehicle controller VCU, the heat pump air conditioner can be powered to work at low electricity prices, so as to store energy in the energy storage box. When the compartment needs cooling or heating, the energy is released again, which can not only reduce the operation cost of the vehicle, but also enable the electric vehicle to participate in the peak shaving and valley filling of the power grid; by providing independent cooling and heating for the power battery through the heat pump air conditioner, the temperature of the battery system can be reliably guaranteed, and the safety of the electric vehicle can be improved.

[0047] Although the specific implementation manners of the present utility model are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not a limitation to the protection scope of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that based on the technical solutions of the present utility model, various modifications or deformations that can be made without creative labor by those skilled in the art are still within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle air conditioning system based on phase change material energy storage, characterized in that, It includes an energy storage switch, a vehicle controller, a charging pile, a high-voltage box, a heat pump air conditioner, an energy storage box, a battery cooling / heating circuit, and a compartment cooling / heating circuit; The energy storage switch is electrically connected to the vehicle controller, and the vehicle controller is used to receive the electrical signal of the energy storage switch; the vehicle controller is electrically connected to the high-voltage box and the heat pump air conditioner through CAN, and the vehicle controller is used to send energy storage control instructions to the high-voltage box and the heat pump air conditioner; the charging pile is connected to the high-voltage box through a charging cable, the high-voltage box is electrically connected to the heat pump air conditioner, the heat pump air conditioner is connected to the energy storage box, and a phase change material is provided in the energy storage box for energy storage; the heat pump air conditioner is connected to the battery cooling / heating circuit, and the energy storage box is connected to the compartment cooling / heating circuit.

2. The electric vehicle air conditioning system based on phase change material energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that The energy storage switch is arranged on the instrument panel and is a two-position self-resetting switch; the energy storage switch has two switches for cold storage and heat storage, and the two switches correspond to two energy storage mode electrical signals.

3. The electric vehicle air conditioning system based on phase change material energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that The charging pile communicates with the vehicle controller and is used to transmit the information of the valley electricity price time period to the vehicle controller through communication, and the vehicle controller is used to generate an energy storage control instruction according to the memorized energy storage mode and the information of the valley electricity price time period.

4. The electric vehicle air conditioning system based on phase change material energy storage according to claim 1, wherein, The heat pump air conditioner includes a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve A, an expansion valve B, and a plate heat exchanger; the compressor is connected to the condenser through a pipeline, the condenser is respectively connected to the expansion valve A and the expansion valve B through pipelines, the expansion valve A is connected to the plate heat exchanger through a pipeline, and the plate heat exchanger is connected to the battery cooling / heating circuit through a pipeline; the expansion valve B is connected to the energy storage box through a pipeline, and the energy storage box is connected to the compartment cooling / heating circuit through a pipeline.

5. The electric vehicle air conditioning system based on phase change material energy storage according to claim 4, characterized in that Both the plate heat exchanger and the energy storage box are connected to the compressor through pipelines.

6. The electric vehicle air conditioning system based on phase change material energy storage according to claim 5, characterized in that A cooling medium is provided in the pipeline.

7. The electric vehicle air conditioning system based on phase change material energy storage according to claim 4, wherein The battery cooling / heating circuit includes a first circulation pipeline connected to the plate heat exchanger, and the first circulation pipeline passes through the power battery pack for cooling / heating the power battery pack; a water pump A is provided on the first circulation pipeline, and the water pump A is electrically connected to the vehicle controller.

8. The electric vehicle air conditioning system based on phase change material energy storage according to claim 4, characterized in that The compartment cooling / heating circuit includes a second circulation pipeline connected to the energy storage box, and the second circulation pipeline passes through a heat dissipation core provided in the compartment for cooling / heating the compartment; a water pump B is provided on the second circulation pipeline, and the water pump B is electrically connected to the vehicle controller.

9. The electric vehicle air conditioning system based on phase change material energy storage according to claim 8, wherein, A phase change material is provided in the energy storage box, a vacuum tube for heat preservation is provided outside the phase change material, a water pipe is provided inside the phase change material, and the water pipe is communicated with the second circulation pipeline for the circulation of the cooling medium in the pipe.

10. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, It includes an electric vehicle air conditioning system based on phase change material energy storage according to any one of claims 1-9.

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