Novel automatic unhooking device
By designing a new automatic decoupling device, the lever principle of the hook body, hook locker and decoupling trigger plate, combined with the stroke limit sensing component, the problem of low automatic decoupling efficiency of high-rise escape decoupling is solved, and a safe and reliable automatic decoupling process is realized, and the escape safety is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422227677.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-04
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-11
AI Technical Summary
The automatic decoupling device of the existing high-rise escape descender is caused by insufficient automatic decoupling efficiency when the ropes and hook devices rotate in high altitudes, affecting escape safety.
A new automatic decoupling device is designed, which adopts a hook body, hook locker, spring shaft connecting seat, spring and hook structure, combined with the decoupling trigger plate and stroke limit sensing component, and automatically decoupling is achieved through lever principle and signal control to ensure safety and reliability.
It realizes the safety and speed of automatic decoupling in the slow-down test of high-rise buildings, improves the test effect of the slow-down test, and provides good safety guarantees for high-rise buildings.
Smart Images
Figure CN223060647U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of fire safety, and particularly relates to a novel automatic decoupling device. Background Technique
[0002] With the acceleration of the urbanization process in China in recent years, the number of high-rise buildings in large, medium and small cities has increased rapidly, and the floors are getting higher and higher. High-rise fire safety has become a problem troubling people's lives. There are various types of fall arresters for high-rise building escape on the market. The manufacturers of fall arresters need to test the descent effect and automatic decoupling of the fall arresters. Generally, the test results of the fall arresters meet the requirements. However, in the air, the rope and the hook device will rotate simultaneously, resulting in poor test results of automatic decoupling and affecting the decoupling efficiency. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the automatic decoupling structure of the existing hook device to ensure the safety of escape without any risk. Content of the Utility Model
[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a novel automatic decoupling device with a simple structure, safety and reliability, and capable of rapid decoupling.
[0004] The utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a novel automatic decoupling device, including a vertically arranged hook body, a hanging hole is arranged at the upper end of the hook body, a locking hook device is hinged to the lower part of the hook body through a first pin shaft, a second pin shaft parallel to the first pin shaft is arranged at one end of the locking hook device, a spring shaft connecting seat is arranged on the hook body above the locking hook device and adjacent to the second pin shaft, a tension spring is arranged between the second pin shaft and the spring shaft connecting seat, a positioning card slot with an open bottom is arranged at the bottom of the other end of the locking hook device, a hook is hinged to the lower end of the hook body through a third pin shaft, the upper end of the hook extends into and is clamped in the positioning card slot, and a descent rope is hung on the hook; under the pulling force of the tension spring, the locking hook device takes the first pin shaft as a fulcrum, and the end of the locking hook device with the positioning card slot presses down on the upper end of the hook.
[0005] A disc is horizontally arranged on the upper part of the hook body, a lifting ring is connected to the disc through bolts, a fall arrester located below the disc is connected to the lifting ring, and a triangular reinforcing rib plate is arranged between the bottom surface of the disc and the hook body.
[0006] A vertically through fixed nut is fixedly arranged at one end of the locking hook device adjacent to the second pin shaft, a decoupling trigger adjusting bolt is threadedly connected in the fixed nut, and a locking nut threadedly connected to the decoupling trigger adjusting bolt and pressing against the top of the fixed nut is arranged.
[0007] It further includes a horizontally arranged decoupling trigger plate, a round hole for passing through a lifting rope is arranged on the decoupling trigger plate, the hook at the lower end of the lifting rope is connected to the hanging hole at the upper end of the hook body, and the center lines of the disc, the round hole and the lifting rope coincide.
[0008] The locking hook device is composed of two plate bodies respectively located on both sides of the hook body, and the fixing nut is fixedly arranged between the two plate bodies.
[0009] With the above technical solution, the utility model is used to test the descent performance of the descender in the high-rise building escape descent test system. The high-rise building escape descent test system includes a fixed frame arranged on the top of the high-rise building, a counterweight is arranged at the rear side of the fixed frame, the upper part of the front side of the fixed frame extends out of the wall to form a cantilever frame, a winch is arranged on the fixed frame, a fixed pulley is arranged at the upper part of the front side of the cantilever frame, the lifting rope of the winch passes forward around the fixed pulley and is connected with the hanging hole at the upper end of the hook body through a hook, the lower end of the descent rope wound around the descender is provided with a rope buckle and is hung on the hook, and a heavy object is connected to the descent rope directly below the rope buckle.
[0010] A travel limit sensing component in contact and cooperation with the disc is arranged in the middle of the cantilever frame. The travel limit sensing component includes a horizontal plate fixedly arranged on the cantilever frame in the left-right direction. An installation frame is respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the horizontal plate symmetrically about the lifting rope. Each installation frame is connected with an installation plate in front of the horizontal plate by four bolt assemblies. Two adjustment holes are vertically opened on the installation plate. A travel switch in contact with the disc is arranged on the front side of the installation plate. The travel switch is fixedly connected with the installation plate through a connecting bolt passing through the two adjustment holes.
[0011] Both the travel switch and the winch are connected to a PLC controller through signal lines. An in-place sensor located at the position of the vertical projection of the heavy object is arranged on the ground. The in-place sensor is also connected to the PLC controller through a signal line. The PLC controller is also connected with a timer.
[0012] During the emergency descent test, at the ground, connect the sling connected to the heavy object to the descent rope of the descender, then hang the hanging buckle set on the descent rope onto the hook. Next, press down the end of the locking hook device with the trigger adjustment bolt to overcome the tension of the tension spring. With the first pin as the fulcrum, the end of the locking hook device with the positioning card slot moves upward. Then, rotate the hook upward until the upper end of the hook extends into the positioning card slot. Under the action of the tension spring, the end of the locking hook device with the positioning card slot presses down on the upper end of the hook to position and snap the upper end of the hook into the positioning card slot. Then start the winch. The winch pulls the lifting rope to move upward around the fixed pulley. The lifting rope lifts the entire automatic decoupling device, descender, and heavy object upward through the hook until the disc passes through the round hole of the decoupling trigger plate. Then, the upper end of the decoupling trigger adjustment bolt at the upper part of one end of the locking hook device is blocked by the decoupling trigger plate. The decoupling trigger plate generates a downward pressing force on the trigger adjustment bolt, pulling the tension spring to elongate. The other end of the locking hook device rotates upward with the first pin as the fulcrum, and the positioning card slot also moves up and down until the upper end of the hook disengages from the positioning card slot. The hook rotates downward around the third pin, and the hanging buckle on the descent rope automatically slides off the hook, thus completing the automatic decoupling. The gravity of the heavy object directly acts on the descent rope. The descent rope pulls the descender, and the descender slowly and evenly moves the descent rope downward. At the same time when the hook disengages from the positioning card slot, the upper surface of the disc touches two travel switches or one of the travel switches. The travel switch transmits the signal of the disc in place to the PLC controller. The PLC controller issues a stop command to the winch, and the winch stops, locking the lifting rope. At the same time, the PLC controller sends a signal to start timing to the timer. Until the heavy object slowly descends to the ground, the in-place sensor transmits the signal of the heavy object descending in place to the PLC controller. The PLC controller sends a signal to complete timing to the timer. According to the height of the heavy object from the ground when the decoupling starts and the time for the heavy object to slowly descend through the descender, the descending speed of the heavy object can be calculated.
[0013] The components of the present utility model have the following functional effects:
[0014] 1) In the present utility model, the tension of the tension spring on one end of the locking hook device is converted into the pressure of the other end of the locking hook device on the upper end of the hook through the lever principle. This pressure ensures that the upper end of the hook is snapped into the positioning card slot, ensuring the safety and reliability during the process of lifting the heavy object.
[0015] 2) In the present utility model, a fixed decoupling trigger plate is used to block the upward-lifting decoupling trigger adjustment bolt. By pressing down the decoupling trigger adjustment bolt, the tension spring is elongated. At the same time, through the lever principle, the positioning card slot moves upward to disengage from the upper end of the hook, thus realizing automatic decoupling.
[0016] 3) Since the lifting rope rotates during the process of lifting a heavy object, the present utility model will naturally rotate along with it. As a result, the hook release trigger adjusting bolt also has a rotational movement during the upward lifting process. Therefore, the hook release trigger plate with a round hole provided in the present utility model will block the hook release trigger adjusting bolt no matter where it rotates to, thus ensuring the reliability of automatic hook release.
[0017] 4) Horizontally and fixedly provided on the upper part of the hook body is a disc (which first has the function of fixedly connecting a descender). The disc also has a rotational movement during the upward lifting process. Therefore, the disc is set to be circular. Two travel switches are symmetrically arranged about the lifting rope on the left and right. As long as one of the travel switches is touched, the winch can stop. When one travel switch is damaged, it can also limit the highest position of the upward movement of the automatic hook release device, preventing the automatic hook release device from being lifted upward to the fixed pulley and damaging the device, and even causing a safety accident in severe cases.
[0018] 5) Vertically opened on the installation plate are two adjustment holes for adjusting the installation position of the travel switch, and by adjusting the height of the trigger adjusting bolt protruding from the top of the hook lock, the time when the disc touches the travel switch is made equal to or slightly later than (within 1 second) the detachment time when the upper end of the hook disengages from the positioning card slot. Four bolt assemblies can be used to adjust the position of the travel switch in the front-back direction.
[0019] In summary, the present utility model has a scientific principle, reasonable design, and compact structure. It realizes automatic hook release during the high-rise building escape descent test. Moreover, the hook release is safe and fast, improving the test effect of the descent test and providing good safety guarantee for application in high-rise building escape. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;
[0021] Figure 2 is a planar structural schematic diagram of the present utility model;
[0022] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the present utility model applied to a high-rise building escape descent test system;
[0023] Figure 4 is Figure 3 an enlarged view of part A in DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0024] The following further describes in detail the embodiments of the present utility model with reference to the drawings and embodiments.
[0025] As Figures 1-4As shown in the figure, a novel automatic decoupling device of the present utility model includes a vertically arranged hook body 13. A hanging hole 14 is provided at the upper end of the hook body 13. A locking hook device 16 is hinged to the lower part of the hook body 13 through a first pin shaft 15. A second pin shaft 17 parallel to the first pin shaft 15 is provided at one end of the locking hook device 16. A spring shaft connection seat 18 is provided on the hook body 13 above the locking hook device 16 and adjacent to the second pin shaft 17. A tension spring 19 is provided between the second pin shaft 17 and the spring shaft connection seat 18. A positioning card slot 20 with an open bottom is provided at the bottom of the other end of the locking hook device 16. The lower end of the hook body 13 is hinged to a hanging hook 22 through a third pin shaft 21. The upper end of the hanging hook 22 extends into and is clamped in the positioning card slot 20, and the descent control rope is hung on the hanging hook 22. Under the pulling force of the tension spring 19, with the first pin shaft 15 as the fulcrum, the end of the locking hook device 16 with the positioning card slot 20 presses down on the upper end of the hanging hook 22.
[0026] A disc 23 is horizontally provided at the upper part of the hook body 13. A lifting ring 24 is connected to the disc 23 through bolts. A descent controller 1 located below the disc 23 is connected to the lifting ring 24. A triangular reinforcing rib plate 38 is provided between the bottom surface of the disc 23 and the hook body 13.
[0027] A vertically penetrating fixing nut 26 is fixedly provided at the end of the locking hook device 16 adjacent to the second pin shaft 17. A decoupling trigger adjusting bolt 27 is threadedly connected in the fixing nut 26. A locking nut 28 that presses against the top of the fixing nut 26 is threadedly connected to the decoupling trigger adjusting bolt 27.
[0028] The present utility model further includes a horizontally arranged decoupling trigger plate 29. A round hole 30 for passing through the lifting rope 8 is provided on the decoupling trigger plate 29. The hook 9 at the lower end of the lifting rope 8 is connected to the hanging hole 14 at the upper end of the hook body 13. The center lines of the disc 23, the round hole 30, and the lifting rope coincide.
[0029] The locking hook device 16 is composed of two plate bodies respectively located on both sides of the hook body 13, and the fixing nut 26 is fixedly arranged between the two plate bodies.
[0030] The present utility model is used to test the descent performance of the descent controller 1 in a high-rise building escape descent test system. The high-rise building escape descent test system includes a fixed frame 2 provided on the top of a high-rise building. A counterweight 3 is provided at the rear side of the fixed frame 2. The upper front side of the fixed frame 2 extends out of the wall body 4 to form a cantilever frame 5. A winch 6 is provided on the fixed frame 2. A fixed pulley 7 is provided at the upper front side of the cantilever frame 5. The lifting rope 8 of the winch 6 passes forward around the fixed pulley 7 and is connected to the hanging hole 14 at the upper end of the hook body 13 through the hook 9. The lower end of the descent control rope 11 wound around the descent controller 1 is provided with a rope buckle 37 and is hung on the hanging hook 22. A heavy object 12 is connected to the descent control rope 11 directly below the rope buckle 37.
[0031] The left and right ends of the decoupling trigger plate 29 are bolted to the lower part of the front side of the cantilever frame 5. A travel limit sensing assembly 25 that touches and cooperates with the disc 23 is provided in the middle of the cantilever frame 5. The travel limit sensing assembly 25 includes a horizontal plate 31 horizontally fixed on the cantilever frame 5 in the left-right direction. On the left and right sides of the horizontal plate 31, a mounting bracket 32 is symmetrically provided about the lifting rope 8 respectively. Each mounting bracket 32 is connected with a mounting plate 35 located in front of the horizontal plate 31 by four bolt assemblies 34. Two adjustment holes 36 are vertically formed in the mounting plate 35. A travel switch 33 that touches the disc 23 is arranged on the front side of the mounting plate 35. The travel switch 33 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 35 through a connecting bolt passing through the two adjustment holes 36.
[0032] Both the travel switch 33 and the winch 6 are connected to a PLC controller through signal lines. An in-place sensor is arranged on the ground at the position of the vertical projection of the heavy object 12. The in-place sensor is also connected to the PLC controller through a signal line. The PLC controller is also connected with a timer.
[0033] When conducting an emergency descent test, at the ground, connect the sling connected to the heavy object 12 to the emergency descent rope 11 of the emergency descender 1, then hook the buckle provided on the emergency descent rope 11 onto the hook 22. Next, press down the end of the hook locking device 16 with the trigger adjustment bolt to overcome the tension of the tension spring 19. With the first pin shaft 15 as the fulcrum, the end of the hook locking device 16 with the positioning slot 20 moves upward. Then, rotate the hook 22 upward until the upper end of the hook 22 extends into the positioning slot 20. Under the action of the tension spring 19, the end of the hook locking device 16 with the positioning slot 20 presses down on the upper end of the hook 22 to position and clamp the upper end of the hook 22 in the positioning slot 20. Then start the winch 6. The winch 6 pulls the lifting rope 8 to move upward around the fixed pulley 7. The lifting rope 8 lifts the entire automatic hook release device 10, the emergency descender 1, and the heavy object 12 upward through the hook 9 until the disc 23 passes through the round hole 30 of the hook release trigger plate 29. Then, the upper end of the hook release trigger adjustment bolt 27 at the upper part of one end of the hook locking device 16 is blocked by the hook release trigger plate 29. The hook release trigger plate 29 generates a downward pressing force on the trigger adjustment bolt, and the pressing force pulls the tension spring 19 to elongate. The other end of the hook locking device 16 rotates upward with the first pin shaft 15 as the fulcrum, and the positioning slot 20 also moves up and down until the upper end of the hook 22 disengages from the positioning slot 20. The hook 22 rotates downward around the third pin shaft 21, and the buckle on the emergency descent rope 11 automatically slides off the hook 22, thus completing the automatic hook release. The gravity of the heavy object 12 directly acts on the emergency descent rope. The emergency descent rope pulls the emergency descender 1, and the emergency descender 1 slowly and evenly moves the emergency descent rope downward. At the same time when the hook 22 disengages from the positioning slot 20, the upper surface of the disc 23 touches two travel switches 33 or one of the travel switches 33. The travel switch 33 transmits the signal that the disc 23 is in place to the PLC controller. The PLC controller issues a stop command to the winch 6, and the winch 6 stops, locking the lifting rope 8. At the same time, the PLC controller sends a signal to start timing to the timer. Until the heavy object 12 slowly falls to the ground, the in-place sensor transmits the signal that the heavy object 12 has descended in place to the PLC controller. The PLC controller sends a signal to complete timing to the timer. According to the height of the heavy object 12 from the ground when the hook release starts and the time for the heavy object 12 to slowly descend through the emergency descender 1, the descending speed of the heavy object 12 can be calculated.
[0034] The emergency descender 1, the winch 6, the travel switch 33, the PLC controller, the in-place sensor, and the timer in the present utility model are all prior arts, and these components can be purchased in the market. It should be emphasized that: the signal transmission and automatic control between the PLC controller and the winch 6, the travel switch 33, the in-place sensor, and the timer do not involve new computer programs.
[0035] The above embodiments illustrate the basic principles and features of the present utility model. However, the above only illustrates the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not limited by the said embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art, inspired by this patent, can also make many forms of deformation and improvement without departing from the purpose of the present utility model and the scope protected by the claims. All of these fall within the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the patent and protection scope of the present utility model shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims
1. A new type of automatic decoupling device, characterized in that: It includes a vertically arranged hook body. A hanging hole is provided at the upper end of the hook body. A locking hook device is hinged to the lower part of the hook body through a first pin shaft. A second pin shaft parallel to the first pin shaft is provided at one end of the locking hook device. A spring shaft connecting seat is provided on the hook body above the locking hook device and adjacent to the second pin shaft. A tension spring is provided between the second pin shaft and the spring shaft connecting seat. A positioning card slot with an open bottom is provided at the bottom of the other end of the locking hook device. A hanging hook is hinged to the lower end of the hook body through a third pin shaft. The upper end of the hanging hook extends into and is clamped in the positioning card slot. A descent control rope is hung on the hanging hook. Under the pulling force of the tension spring, with the first pin shaft as the fulcrum, the end of the locking hook device with the positioning card slot presses down on the upper end of the hanging hook.
2. The novel automatic decoupling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A disc is horizontally provided at the upper part of the hook body. A lifting ring is connected to the disc through a bolt. A descent controller located below the disc is connected to the lifting ring. A triangular reinforcing rib plate is provided between the bottom surface of the disc and the hook body.
3. The novel automatic decoupling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A through-up and down fixed nut is fixedly provided at the end of the locking hook device adjacent to the second pin shaft. A hook release trigger adjusting bolt is threadedly connected in the fixed nut. A locking nut that presses against the top of the fixed nut is threadedly connected to the hook release trigger adjusting bolt.
4. A novel automatic decoupling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It further includes a horizontally arranged hook release trigger plate. A round hole for passing through a lifting rope is provided on the hook release trigger plate. The hook at the lower end of the lifting rope is connected to the hanging hole at the upper end of the hook body. The center lines of the disc, the round hole, and the lifting rope coincide.
5. A novel automatic decoupling device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The locking hook device is composed of two plate bodies respectively located on both sides of the hook body. The fixed nut is fixedly provided between the two plate bodies.