Energy-saving biomass carbonization furnace

Abstract

The utility model relates to an energy-saving biomass carbonization furnace which comprises a combustion chamber, the carbonization chamber is fixed in the combustion chamber; the feeding mechanism is arranged in the carbonization chamber, and a discharge port is formed in one end of the carbonization chamber; the secondary combustion chamber is arranged above the combustion chamber; the cracked gas collecting pipe is arranged in the combustion chamber; the first communicating pipe is communicated with the pyrolysis gas collecting pipe and the carbonization chamber; the second communicating pipe is communicated with the pyrolysis gas collecting pipe and the secondary combustion chamber, and a control valve is arranged in the second communicating pipe; the exhaust pipe is communicated with the pyrolysis gas collecting pipe and the combustion chamber, and a gas outlet of the exhaust pipe is located below the pyrolysis gas collecting pipe. The pyrolysis gas collecting pipe is arranged for collection, generated combustible gas can be guided into the combustion chamber for combustion and utilization, and the utilization rate of the combustible gas is increased; and a control valve is arranged in the second communicating pipe, so that the flow of combustible gas entering the combustion chamber is conveniently controlled, and the temperature of the combustion chamber is conveniently controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of biomass pyrolysis equipment, in particular to an energy-saving biomass carbonization furnace. Background Art

[0002] Biomass refers to various organisms produced by photosynthesis using the atmosphere, water, and land. Representative biomass includes crops, crop waste, wood, wood waste, and animal manure. Most biomass can be used to produce combustible gas and biochar through pyrolysis carbonization. This process has been gradually promoted and applied in industrial and agricultural production and life in recent years. It can not only meet the needs of farmers for high-quality living fuel, but also solve the problem of harmless treatment of biomass.

[0003] The current biomass pyrolysis carbonization equipment consumes a large amount of gas energy and has high operating costs. At the same time, the combustible gas produced by pyrolysis carbonization cannot be fully utilized.

[0004] The Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN217149079U discloses a high-efficiency biomass pyrolysis carbonization furnace, which uses the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of its own pyrolysis gas for heating. It does not require external gas energy and can also recycle excess heat energy. However, since the pyrolysis gas itself enters the furnace body through the smoke inlet chamber after combustion and is discharged from the smoke outlet chamber, the temperature difference between the front and rear ends of the furnace body is relatively large, making it difficult to control the temperature in the furnace body, and the biomass has the problem of insufficient carbonization or excessive carbonization. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an energy-saving biomass carbonization furnace to solve the problems raised in the background technology.

[0006] The above-mentioned purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions: an energy-saving biomass carbonization furnace, comprising:

[0007] Combustion chamber;

[0008] A carbonization chamber fixed in the combustion chamber;

[0009] A feeding mechanism is arranged in the carbonization chamber, and a discharge port is arranged at one end of the carbonization chamber;

[0010] Also includes:

[0011] A second combustion chamber, arranged above the combustion chamber;

[0012] A cracked gas collecting pipe is arranged in the combustion chamber;

[0013] A first connecting pipe connected to the cracking gas collecting pipe and the carbonization chamber;

[0014] A second connecting pipe is connected to the pyrolysis gas collecting pipe and the secondary combustion chamber, and a control valve is arranged in the second connecting pipe;

[0015] An exhaust pipe is connected to the pyrolysis gas collecting pipe and the combustion chamber, and the outlet of the exhaust pipe is located below the pyrolysis gas collecting pipe.

[0016] Preferably, the pyrolysis gas collecting pipe is arranged above the carbonization chamber and is horizontally arranged.

[0017] Preferably, the second connecting pipe and the first connecting pipe are vertically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the pyrolysis gas collecting pipe.

[0018] Preferably, exhaust holes are arranged at the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber, the secondary combustion chamber is connected to the combustion chamber through the exhaust holes, and the second connecting pipe extends into the exhaust holes.

[0019] Preferably, the number of the exhaust holes is at least two, and the second connecting pipe extends into one of the exhaust holes.

[0020] Preferably, a control plate is arranged in the exhaust holes, and the control plate can adjust the opening size of the exhaust holes.

[0021] Preferably, the exhaust pipe is an arc-shaped pipe, and the outlet of the exhaust pipe is wound to the lower part of the carbonization chamber.

[0022] Preferably, the feeding mechanism includes a rotating cylinder, the rotating cylinder is rotatably arranged in the carbonization chamber, a feeding port is arranged at one end of the rotating cylinder, a blanking port is arranged at the other end, the rotating cylinder is connected to the carbonization chamber through the blanking port, spiral blades are arranged on both the inner wall and the outer wall of the rotating cylinder, and the spiral directions of the two groups of spiral blades are opposite.

[0023] Preferably, the discharge port is arranged at one end of the carbonization chamber close to the feeding port direction.

[0024] Preferably, the feeding mechanism further includes a rotation driving mechanism, and the rotation driving mechanism includes two groups of supporting wheels arranged at the front and rear ends of the rotating cylinder, a toothed ring arranged at one end of the rotating cylinder, a gear meshing with the toothed ring, and a motor for driving the gear to rotate.

[0025] Advantages of the utility model:

[0026] 1. By arranging the pyrolysis gas collecting pipe for collection, the utility model can introduce the generated combustible gas into the combustion chamber for combustion utilization, and improve the utilization rate of the combustible gas;

[0027] 2. By arranging a control valve in the second connecting pipe, it is convenient to control the flow rate of combustible gas entering the combustion chamber, and it is easy to control the temperature of the combustion chamber.

[0028] 3. The outlet of the exhaust pipe is located below the pyrolysis gas collection pipe. When adjusting, the combustible gas is preferentially discharged into the upper secondary combustion chamber, making the control valve more sensitive to control the flow rate of combustible gas entering the combustion chamber, and it is easy to control the temperature of the combustion chamber. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in

[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present utility model;

[0032] In the figure: 1 - combustion chamber, 2 - carbonization chamber, 201 - discharge port, 3 - feeding mechanism, 301 - rotating cylinder, 302 - feeding port, 303 - blanking port, 304 - spiral blade, 305 - support wheel, 306 - gear ring, 307 - gear, 308 - motor, 4 - secondary combustion chamber, 5 - pyrolysis gas collection pipe, 6 - first connecting pipe, 7 - second connecting pipe, 8 - control valve, 9 - exhaust pipe, 10 - exhaust hole, 11 - control board. Detailed Embodiment

[0033] The following further elaborates on the present utility model with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] This specific embodiment is only an interpretation of the present utility model, and it is not a limitation thereof. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without creative contributions as needed, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present utility model, they are protected by the Patent Law.

[0035] Embodiment 1:

[0036] As Figure 1 and 2 shown, an energy-saving biomass carbonization furnace includes: a combustion chamber 1, a carbonization chamber 2, and a feeding mechanism 3. The combustion chamber 1 is a furnace body made of materials such as heat insulation cotton and fireproof cotton, and a burner is installed at the bottom of the furnace body. The carbonization chamber 2 is fixed inside the combustion chamber 1, the feeding mechanism 3 extends into the carbonization chamber 2 from one end of the carbonization chamber 2, a discharge port 201 is provided at one end of the carbonization chamber 2, and the feeding mechanism 3 adopts a conventional auger.

[0037] Above the combustion chamber 1, there is a secondary combustion chamber 4 for burning the waste gas generated by the pyrolysis of biomass. Both the combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 4 are provided with a number of air inlets for supplementing fresh air.

[0038] Inside the combustion chamber 1, there is a pyrolysis gas collection pipe 5, which is arranged above the carbonization chamber 2 and horizontally.

[0039] The pyrolysis gas collection pipe 5 is connected to the carbonization chamber 2 through the first connecting pipe 6, connected to the secondary combustion chamber 4 through the second connecting pipe 7, and connected to the combustion chamber 1 through the exhaust pipe 9.

[0040] The second connecting pipe 7 and the first connecting pipe 6 are vertically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the pyrolysis gas collection pipe 5. A control valve 8 is arranged inside the second connecting pipe 7, and the control valve 9 is a flow control valve.

[0041] The outlet of the exhaust pipe 9 is located below the pyrolysis gas collection pipe 5. The exhaust pipe 9 is an arc-shaped pipe, and the outlet of the exhaust pipe 9 bypasses to the lower part of the carbonization chamber 2.

[0042] At the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber 4, there is an exhaust hole 10. The secondary combustion chamber 4 is connected to the combustion chamber 1 through the exhaust hole 10, and the second connecting pipe 7 extends into the exhaust hole 10.

[0043] The number of exhaust holes 10 is two to three, and the second connecting pipe 7 extends into one of the exhaust holes 10.

[0044] A control board 11 is arranged inside the exhaust hole 10, and the control board 11 can adjust the opening size of the exhaust hole 10. The control board 11 is a rotatable metal plate, and the opening size of the exhaust hole 10 is controlled by rotating the metal plate, thereby controlling the flow rate of the combustible gas in the combustion chamber 1 entering the secondary combustion chamber 4.

[0045] In the initial stage, the combustion chamber 1 controls the temperature in the carbonization chamber 2 at 300 - 500 °C through the burner. Biomass continuously enters the carbonization chamber 2 through the feeding mechanism 3 for carbonization. During the carbonization process, the biomass in the carbonization chamber 2 is carbonized to generate pyrolysis gas such as combustible gas and harmful gas, which enters the pyrolysis gas collection pipe 5 through the first connecting pipe 6 for storage; at the same time, the pyrolysis gas in the pyrolysis gas collection pipe 5 enters the combustion chamber 1 through the exhaust pipe 9 and burns at the bottom of the carbonization chamber 2. At this time, the burner can be turned off to save the gas energy required by the burner.

[0046] After a large amount of pyrolysis gas enters the combustion chamber 1 and burns, the temperature of the combustion chamber 1 will increase. It is necessary to control the temperatures in the combustion chamber 1 and the carbonization chamber 2. At this time, the control valve 8 and the control board 11 are opened. At this time, the waste gas in the pyrolysis gas collection pipe 5 preferentially enters the secondary combustion chamber 4 through the second communication pipe 7 for combustion, and the pyrolysis gas entering the combustion chamber 1 through the exhaust pipe 9 sharply decreases, thereby quickly reducing the temperatures in the combustion chamber 1 and the carbonization chamber 2; after closing the control valve 8 and opening the control board 11 of one of the exhaust holes 10, the pyrolysis gas entering the combustion chamber 1 increases, and part of the pyrolysis gas enters the secondary combustion chamber 4 through the exhaust hole 10, so that the temperature in the combustion chamber 1 can be controlled more precisely.

[0047] Since the combustion chamber 1 always remains below 800 °C, the pyrolysis gas entering the combustion chamber 1 cannot burn sufficiently. However, after the pyrolysis gas enters the secondary combustion chamber 4 through the exhaust hole 10, it can burn sufficiently, decomposing the harmful gases in the pyrolysis gas to achieve the purpose of harmless emission; at the same time, due to the sufficient combustion of the pyrolysis gas, the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber 4 can reach 1000 °C, so that heat energy can be obtained to the maximum extent for application to other equipment such as boilers.

[0048] Embodiment 2:

[0049] As Figure 3 shown, the difference from Embodiment 1 is that the feeding mechanism 3 includes a rotating cylinder 301, which is rotatably arranged in the carbonization chamber 2, and the carbonization chamber 2 is a cylindrical structure concentric with the rotating cylinder 301.

[0050] One end of the rotating cylinder 301 is provided with a feeding port 302, and the other end is provided with a blanking port 303. The rotating cylinder 301 communicates with the carbonization chamber 2 through the blanking port 303. Spiral blades 304 are arranged on both the inner wall and the outer wall of the rotating cylinder 301, and the spiral directions of the two groups of spiral blades 304 are opposite. The discharge port 201 is arranged at one end of the carbonization chamber 2 close to the feeding port 302.

[0051] The feeding mechanism 3 further includes a rotation driving mechanism, which includes two groups of supporting wheels 305 arranged at the front and rear ends of the rotating cylinder 301, a gear ring 306 arranged at one end of the rotating cylinder 301, a gear 307 meshing with the gear ring 306, and a motor 308 for driving the gear 307 to rotate.

[0052] When the motor 308 drives the gear 307 to rotate, the gear ring 306 drives the rotating cylinder 301 to rotate relative to the rotating cylinder 301. The biomass entering the rotating cylinder 301 moves backward along the spiral blade 304 on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 301 until it falls into the carbonization chamber 2 from the blanking port 303. At the same time, the spiral blade 304 on the outer wall of the rotating cylinder 301 drives the biomass in the carbonization chamber 2 to move forward until it falls from the discharge port 201. In this way, the carbonization time of the biomass is extended, ensuring that the biomass can be sufficiently carbonized.

Claims

1. An energy-saving biomass carbonization furnace, comprising: A combustion chamber (1); A carbonization chamber (2), fixed within the combustion chamber (1); A feeding mechanism (3), disposed within the carbonization chamber (2), and an outlet (201) is provided at one end of the carbonization chamber (2); It is characterized in that it further comprises: A secondary combustion chamber (4), disposed above the combustion chamber (1); A pyrolysis gas collection pipe (5), disposed within the combustion chamber (1); A first connecting pipe (6), connecting the pyrolysis gas collection pipe (5) and the carbonization chamber (2); A second connecting pipe (7), connecting the pyrolysis gas collection pipe (5) and the secondary combustion chamber (4), and a control valve (8) is provided within the second connecting pipe (7); An exhaust pipe (9), connecting the pyrolysis gas collection pipe (5) and the combustion chamber (1), and the outlet of the exhaust pipe (9) is located below the pyrolysis gas collection pipe (5).

2. The energy-saving biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 1, wherein: The pyrolysis gas collection pipe (5) is disposed above the carbonization chamber (2) and is horizontally arranged.

3. The energy-saving biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second connecting pipe (7) and the first connecting pipe (6) are vertically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the pyrolysis gas collection pipe (5).

4. The energy-saving biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 1, wherein: An exhaust hole (10) is provided at the bottom of the secondary combustion chamber (4), and the secondary combustion chamber (4) communicates with the combustion chamber (1) through the exhaust hole (10), and the second connecting pipe (7) extends into the exhaust hole (10).

5. The energy-saving biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 4, wherein: The number of the exhaust holes (10) is at least two, and the second connecting pipe (7) extends into one of the exhaust holes (10).

6. An energy-saving biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: A control board (11) is provided within the exhaust hole (10), and the control board (11) can adjust the opening size of the exhaust hole (10).

7. An energy-saving biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe (9) is an arc-shaped pipe, and the outlet of the exhaust pipe (9) is wound to the lower side of the carbonization chamber (2).

8. An energy-saving biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (3) includes a rotating cylinder (301), the rotating cylinder (301) is rotatably disposed within the carbonization chamber (2), a feeding port (302) is provided at one end of the rotating cylinder (301), a blanking port (303) is provided at the other end, the rotating cylinder (301) communicates with the carbonization chamber (2) through the blanking port (303), and spiral blades (304) are provided on both the inner wall and the outer wall of the rotating cylinder (301), and the spiral directions of the two groups of spiral blades (304) are opposite.

9. The energy-saving biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 8, wherein: The outlet (201) is provided at one end of the carbonization chamber (2) close to the feeding port (302).

10. An energy-saving biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 9, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (3) further includes a rotation driving mechanism, and the rotation driving mechanism includes two groups of supporting wheels (305) provided at the front and rear ends of the rotating cylinder (301), a gear ring (306) provided at one end of the rotating cylinder (301), a gear (307) meshing with the gear ring (306), and a motor (308) for driving the gear (307) to rotate.

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