Water-proof structure for dam surface of reservoir dam

Abstract

The utility model discloses a reservoir dam face waterproof structure, and belongs to the technical field of reservoir dam face waterproofness, the reservoir dam face waterproof structure comprises a rock-fill area, a slope protection, a transition area, a cushion layer area, a flexible material layer, a concrete face plate, a waterproof area and a water blocking plate, the slope protection is arranged on one side of the rock-fill area, and the slope protection is arranged on the other side of the rock-fill area; the rockfill area comprises a main rockfill area, a downstream rockfill area and upstream and downstream variable boundaries, and the upstream and downstream variable boundaries are arranged between the main rockfill area and the downstream rockfill area; the waterproof structure is novel in design and ingenious in device, the flexible material layer and the modified material are arranged, so that the waterproof structure has the good waterproof effect, under the action of the flexible material layer, the waterproof structure has the high strength and ductility, the waterproof plate is integrally poured on the concrete face, and the waterproof effect is good. Water flow in the dam body can be prevented from staying on the concrete face for a long time and is prevented from permeating into the concrete face, the water flow can rapidly flow back to the dam body through the inclined face on the water blocking plate, the waterproof effect is improved, and the practicability of the device is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of waterproofing for the dam surface of a reservoir dam, and particularly to a waterproof structure for the dam surface of a reservoir dam. Background Art

[0002] A dam, the representative form of a water retaining structure, is called a dam. It can be divided into earth dams, gravity dams, concrete face rockfill dams, arch dams, etc. Dams can be divided into two major categories: concrete dams and earth-rock dams. The type of dam is selected through comprehensive comparison of natural conditions at the dam site, construction materials, construction site, diversion, construction period, cost, etc. It is the main water retaining structure in a dam-type hydropower station, also known as a barrage dam. Its function is to raise the water level of the river and form an upstream regulating reservoir. The height of the dam depends on the hub topography, geological conditions, inundation area, population migration, the relationship between upstream and downstream cascade hydropower stations, and kinetic energy indicators, etc. The safety of the dam is extremely important, so the monitoring of the dam safety should be strengthened. During and after the construction of the dam, the impact on the surrounding environment should also be fully considered.

[0003] Among them, the concrete face rockfill dam has the advantages of convenient construction, less affected by climate, generally short construction period, and relatively low project cost. It is a new type of rockfill dam that has developed rapidly in water conservancy and hydropower projects in recent years. With the accelerated development of hydropower construction, the height of the face dam increases, and the valley topography is usually narrow. The strength, ductility, and waterproof performance of the dam surface gradually decline. Over time, the service life of the dam surface is reduced, thus increasing the cost investment.

[0004] Therefore, this application proposes a waterproof structure for the dam surface of a reservoir dam. Utility Model Content

[0005] A waterproof structure for the dam surface of a reservoir dam proposed in this application is to solve the problems raised in the above background art. By setting a flexible material layer and a modified material, the waterproof structure has a good waterproof effect, and under the action of the flexible material layer, the waterproof structure has high strength and ductility. By integrally casting a water blocking plate on the concrete face, the water flow in the dam body can be prevented from staying on the concrete face for a long time, avoiding infiltration into the concrete face. The inclined surface on the water blocking plate can make the water flow quickly return to the dam body, thereby improving the waterproof effect and greatly enhancing the practicability of the device.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A waterproof structure for the dam surface of a reservoir dam, comprising a rockfill area, a slope protection, a transition area, a cushion area, a flexible material layer, a concrete face slab, a waterproof area and a water stop board. The slope protection is arranged on one side of the rockfill area. The rockfill area includes a main rockfill area, a downstream rockfill area and an upstream-downstream variable boundary. The upstream-downstream variable boundary is arranged between the main rockfill area and the downstream rockfill area. The main rockfill area is arranged on the side of the upstream-downstream variable boundary away from the downstream rockfill area, and the downstream rockfill area is arranged on the side of the upstream-downstream variable boundary away from the main rockfill area.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the main rockfill area is located on one side of the concrete face slab, and the downstream rockfill area is located on one side of the slope protection.

[0009] Since the main rockfill area is located in the upstream area of the dam body and is the main supporting body for bearing loads, the maximum particle size of the stones in the main rockfill area should not exceed the thickness of the compacted layer, and it can drain freely after compaction. The downstream rockfill area is located in the downstream area of the dam body, and its main function is to protect the main rockfill body and the stability of the downstream slope. Below the downstream water level and below, it can drain freely after compaction. For the part above the downstream water level, the requirements for the dam material can be reduced, and the maximum particle size is 1000 mm to 1500 mm, thereby improving the practicability of the device.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the transition area includes transition material, and the transition material is arranged in the transition area and is located on the surface of the main rockfill area of the rockfill area.

[0011] By arranging the transition area and using the transition material, its main function is to protect the cushion area from being damaged under the action of high water head. The maximum particle size of the transition material should not exceed 300 mm, thereby improving the practicability of the device.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the cushion area includes cushion material, and the cushion material is arranged in the cushion area and is located on the transition material.

[0013] By arranging the cushion area and using the cushion material to provide a flat and dense foundation for the concrete face slab, and evenly transfer the water pressure borne by the concrete face slab to the main rockfill body, it can also play an auxiliary role in seepage control. The maximum particle size of the cushion material for high dams is 80 to 100 mm, thereby improving the practicability of the device.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the flexible material layer includes modified material, and the modified material is arranged in the flexible material layer and is located on the cushion material.

[0015] By arranging the flexible material layer and the modified material, the waterproof structure has a good waterproof effect, and under the action of the flexible material layer, the waterproof structure has high strength and ductility, thereby improving the practicability of the device.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the waterproof area includes waterproof material, the waterproof material is arranged in the waterproof area, and the waterproof material is sprayed on the concrete panel;

[0017] By arranging a waterproof area on the concrete panel and using waterproof material, and the waterproof material adopts a liquid waterproof agent, which is applicable to the concrete surface of all reinforced concrete components for waterproofing, anti-corrosion and rust prevention, it can effectively prevent the erosion of chloride ions, the reaction of alkali-aggregate, prevent weathering and carbonization, maintain the concrete, reinforce the structure and increase durability, thereby enhancing the practicability of the device.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the water stop plate includes an inclined surface, and each inclined surface is arranged on the concrete panel, and the concrete panel and the water stop plate are integrally cast;

[0019] By integrally casting the water stop plate on the concrete panel, the water flow in the dam body can be prevented from staying on the concrete panel for a long time, thereby enhancing the practicability of the device.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, the top surface of each water stop plate is arranged as an inclined surface, and the inclined surface is designed from top to bottom;

[0021] By arranging the top surface of the water stop plate as an inclined surface to prevent infiltration into the concrete panel, the inclined surface on the water stop plate can make the water flow quickly flow back to the dam body, thereby enhancing the practicability of the device.

[0022] Advantages of this application:

[0023] 1. This waterproof structure for the dam surface of a reservoir dam has a good waterproof effect by arranging a flexible material layer and a modified material, and under the action of the flexible material layer, this waterproof structure has high strength and ductility. By integrally casting a water stop plate on the concrete panel, the water flow in the dam body can be prevented from staying on the concrete panel for a long time and from infiltrating into the concrete panel. The inclined surface on the water stop plate can make the water flow quickly flow back to the dam body, thereby improving the waterproof effect and greatly enhancing the practicability of the device;

[0024] 2. This waterproof structure for the dam surface of a reservoir dam, by arranging a waterproof area on the concrete panel and using waterproof material, and the waterproof material adopts a liquid waterproof agent, which is applicable to the concrete surface of all reinforced concrete components for waterproofing, anti-corrosion and rust prevention, can effectively prevent the erosion of chloride ions, the reaction of alkali-aggregate, prevent weathering and carbonization, maintain the concrete, reinforce the structure and increase durability, greatly enhancing the practicability of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is the internal schematic diagram of the device of this application;

[0026] Figure 2 For this application Figure 1 Enlarged view of area A in the application;

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the main body of the device of this application.

[0028] Reference numerals in the figure: 1, rockfill area; 11, main rockfill area; 12, downstream rockfill area; 13, upstream and downstream variable boundary; 2, slope protection; 3, transition area; 31, transition material; 4, cushion area; 41, cushion material; 5, flexible material layer; 51, modified material; 6, concrete face slab; 7, waterproof area; 71, waterproof material; 8, water stop board; 81, inclined plane. Specific implementation mode

[0029] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0030] Refer to Figures 1-3 , a waterproof structure for the dam surface of a reservoir dam, including a rockfill area 1, a slope protection 2, a transition area 3, a cushion area 4, a flexible material layer 5, a concrete face slab 6, a waterproof area 7 and a water stop board 8. The slope protection 2 is arranged on one side of the rockfill area 1. The rockfill area 1 includes a main rockfill area 11, a downstream rockfill area 12 and an upstream and downstream variable boundary 13. The upstream and downstream variable boundary 13 is arranged between the main rockfill area 11 and the downstream rockfill area 12. The main rockfill area 11 is arranged on the side of the upstream and downstream variable boundary 13 away from the downstream rockfill area 12, and the downstream rockfill area 12 is arranged on the side of the upstream and downstream variable boundary 13 away from the main rockfill area 11.

[0031] The main rockfill area 11 is located on one side of the concrete face slab 6, and the downstream rockfill area 12 is located on one side of the slope protection 2; since the main rockfill area 11 is located in the upstream area of the dam body and is the main support body for bearing the load, the maximum particle size of the rockfill in the main rockfill area 11 should not exceed the thickness of the compacted layer and can drain freely after compaction. The downstream rockfill area 12 is located in the downstream area of the dam body, and its main function is to protect the stability of the main rockfill body and the downstream slope. In the part below and at the downstream water level, it can drain freely after compaction. For the part above the downstream water level, the requirements for the dam material can be reduced, and the maximum particle size is 1000 mm to 1500 mm, thus improving the practicability of the device.

[0032] The transition area 3 includes transition material 31. The transition material 31 is arranged in the transition area 3 and is located on the surface of the main rockfill area 11 of the rockfill area 1; by arranging the transition area 3 and using the transition material 31, the main function is to protect the cushion area 4 from being damaged under the action of high water head. The maximum particle size of the transition material 31 should not exceed 300 mm, thus improving the practicability of the device.

[0033] The cushion zone 4 includes cushion material 41. The cushion material 41 is arranged within the cushion zone 4 and lies on the transition material 31. By providing the cushion zone 4 and using the cushion material 41, a flat and dense foundation is provided for the concrete face slab 6, and the water pressure borne by the concrete face slab 6 is evenly transmitted to the main rockfill body. It can also play an auxiliary role in seepage control. The maximum particle size of the cushion material 41 for high dams is 80 to 100 millimeters, thus enhancing the practicality of the device.

[0034] The flexible material layer 5 includes modified material 51. The modified material 51 is arranged within the flexible material layer 5 and lies on the cushion material 41. By providing the flexible material layer 5 and the modified material 51, the waterproof structure has a good waterproof effect. Under the action of the flexible material layer 5, the waterproof structure has high strength and ductility, thus enhancing the practicality of the device.

[0035] The waterproof zone 7 includes waterproof material 71. The waterproof material 71 is arranged within the waterproof zone 7 and is sprayed on the concrete face slab 6. By providing the waterproof zone 7 on the concrete face slab 6 and using the waterproof material 71, which is a liquid waterproofing agent applicable to the concrete surface of all waterproof, anticorrosive, and rust-proof reinforced concrete components, it can effectively prevent the erosion of chloride ions, the reaction of alkali-aggregate, prevent weathering and carbonation, maintain the concrete, reinforce the structure, and increase durability, thus enhancing the practicality of the device.

[0036] The water stop plate 8 includes an inclined surface 81. Each inclined surface 81 is arranged on the concrete face slab 6, and the concrete face slab 6 and the water stop plate 8 are integrally cast. By integrally casting the water stop plate 8 on the concrete face slab 6, the water flow within the dam body can be prevented from staying on the concrete face slab 6 for a long time, thus enhancing the practicality of the device.

[0037] The top surface of each water stop plate 8 is set as the inclined surface 81, and the inclined surface 81 is designed from top to bottom. By setting the top surface of the water stop plate 8 as the inclined surface 81, infiltration into the concrete face slab 6 is avoided, and the inclined surface 81 on the water stop plate 8 can cause the water flow to quickly flow back to the dam body, thus enhancing the practicality of the device.

[0038] Working principle: By setting the cushion zone 4, the cushion material 41 provides a flat and dense foundation for the concrete face slab 6, and evenly transfers the water pressure borne by the concrete face slab 6 to the main rockfill body. It can also play an auxiliary role in seepage control. The maximum particle size of the cushion material 41 for high dams is 80 to 100 mm. By setting the transition zone 3 and using the transition material 31, the main function is to protect the cushion zone 4 from being damaged under the action of high water heads. The maximum particle size of the transition material 31 should not exceed 300 mm. The main rockfill zone 11 is located in the upstream area of the dam body and is the main supporting body for bearing loads. The maximum particle size of the rockfill in the main rockfill zone 11 should not exceed the thickness of the compacted layer and can drain freely after compaction. The downstream rockfill zone 12 is located in the downstream area of the dam body, and its main function is to protect the stability of the main rockfill body and the downstream slope. In the part below and at the downstream water level, it can drain freely after compaction. For the part above the downstream water level, the requirements for the dam material can be reduced, and the maximum particle size is 1000 mm to 1500 mm. The upstream and downstream variable boundary 13 is the variable range of the boundary between the main rockfill zone 11 and the downstream rockfill zone 12. The concrete face slab 6 is located on the upstream surface of the face rockfill dam and is the main anti-seepage structure of the face rockfill dam. By setting the waterproof zone 7 on the concrete face slab 6 and using the waterproof material 71, the waterproof material 71 adopts a liquid waterproof agent, which is applicable to the concrete surface of all waterproof, anti-corrosion, and rust-proof reinforced concrete components, and can effectively prevent the erosion of chloride ions, the reaction of alkali-aggregate, weathering and carbonization, maintain the concrete, strengthen the structure, and increase durability. By integrally casting the water stop plate 8 on the concrete face slab 6, the water flow in the dam body can be prevented from staying on the concrete face slab 6 for a long time and penetrating into the concrete face slab 6. The inclined surface 81 on the water stop plate 8 can make the water flow quickly flow back to the dam body, thereby improving the waterproof effect. By setting the flexible material layer 5 and the modified material 51, the waterproof structure has a good waterproof effect, and under the action of the flexible material layer 5, the waterproof structure has high strength and ductility.

[0039] The above is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present application, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A waterproof structure for the dam surface of a reservoir dam, comprising a rockfill area (1), a slope protection (2), a transition area (3), a cushion area (4), a flexible material layer (5), a concrete panel (6), a waterproof area (7) and a water stop plate (8), characterized in that, The slope protection (2) is arranged on one side of the rockfill area (1). The rockfill area (1) includes a main rockfill area (11), a downstream rockfill area (12) and an upstream-downstream variable boundary (13). The upstream-downstream variable boundary (13) is arranged between the main rockfill area (11) and the downstream rockfill area (12). The main rockfill area (11) is arranged on the side of the upstream-downstream variable boundary (13) away from the downstream rockfill area (12), and the downstream rockfill area (12) is arranged on the side of the upstream-downstream variable boundary (13) away from the main rockfill area (11).

2. The waterproof structure for the dam surface of a reservoir dam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main rockfill area (11) is located on one side of the concrete face slab (6), and the downstream rockfill area (12) is located on one side of the slope protection (2).

3. The waterproof structure for the dam surface of a reservoir dam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transition area (3) includes transition material (31). The transition material (31) is arranged in the transition area (3) and is located on the surface of the main rockfill area (11) of the rockfill area (1).

4. A waterproof structure for the dam surface of a reservoir dam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bedding area (4) includes bedding material (41). The bedding material (41) is arranged in the bedding area (4) and is located on the transition material (31).

5. A waterproof structure for the dam surface of a reservoir dam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible material layer (5) includes modified material (51). The modified material (51) is arranged in the flexible material layer (5) and is located on the bedding material (41).

6. The waterproof structure for the dam surface of a reservoir dam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waterproof area (7) includes waterproof material (71). The waterproof material (71) is arranged in the waterproof area (7) and is sprayed on the concrete face slab (6).

7. A waterproof structure for the dam surface of a reservoir dam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water stop board (8) includes an inclined surface (81). Each inclined surface (81) is arranged on the concrete face slab (6), and the concrete face slab (6) and the water stop board (8) are integrally cast.

8. A waterproof structure for the dam surface of a reservoir dam according to claim 7, characterized in that, The top surface of each water stop board (8) is set as an inclined surface (81), and the inclined surface (81) is designed from top to bottom.

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