Detachable tension-compression composite anchor rod

Abstract

The utility model discloses a detachable tension-compression composite anchor rod which comprises a nut, a base plate, an anchoring section and a detachable section. The sawtooth-shaped structure of the inner surface of the second bearing plate can be meshed with the sawtooth-shaped surface of the anchor rod, the anchoring section of the anchor rod is limited to slide in one direction in the direction of the detachable section, and the prestress loss of the anchoring section of the anchor rod losing the restraining effect of a base plate and a nut after the detachable section is detached can be effectively reduced. The thin steel sleeve is arranged on the anchor rod body in a sleeving manner, so that the grouting body in the pressed area is isolated from the anchor rod body and is not bonded; the two ends of the thin steel sleeve are welded to the first pressure bearing plate and the second pressure bearing plate correspondingly, the thin steel sleeve, the first pressure bearing plate and the second pressure bearing plate jointly play a role, and the tension-compression composite mechanical property of the detachable tension-compression composite anchor rod in the whole construction process is kept. The outer wall of the part, located between the second bearing plate and the first bearing plate, of the rod body of the anchoring section is smooth, friction between the rod body and the thin steel sleeve is prevented, meanwhile, secondary tensioning can be conducted on the anchor rod after the detachable section is detached, and prestress loss generated in the construction process is made up.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of anchor rods, in particular to a detachable tension-compression composite anchor rod. Background Art

[0002] As a commonly used support component, the anchor rod can give full play to the self-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock, connect each structure to form a support system, and enhance the support capacity of the structure. It is widely used in engineering fields such as coal mines, tunnels, and slopes. However, the existing projects are gradually showing the characteristics of complexity and diversification. In projects such as slope construction, tunnel expansion, and coal mining, it is necessary to construct in sections and layers. The existing ordinary anchor rods no longer meet the engineering requirements, and there is an urgent need to develop an anchor rod structure that can be applied to layered and sectional excavation.

[0003] The existing anchor rods in the prior art have the following problems:

[0004] After the construction is completed, the part of the anchor rod exceeding the building foundation needs to be cut, which reduces the construction efficiency, and the remaining part of the cut anchor rod is worthless;

[0005] The existing detachable prestressed anchor rods have problems of prestress loss during the construction process, which is likely to cause construction safety.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a detachable tension-compression composite anchor rod to solve the above problems. Content of the Utility Model

[0007] The purpose of the utility model is to design a detachable tension-compression composite anchor rod to solve the above problems.

[0008] The utility model realizes the above purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A detachable tension-compression composite anchor rod, comprising:

[0010] A nut;

[0011] A backing plate;

[0012] An anchorage section; the anchorage section includes a first bearing plate, a second bearing plate, a thin steel sleeve and an anchorage section rod body; external threads are provided on the side walls of the upper and lower ends of the anchorage section rod body; the two ends of the thin steel sleeve are respectively connected to the first bearing plate and the second bearing plate, the first bearing plate is welded to the anchorage section rod body, the second bearing plate and the thin steel sleeve can be movably sleeved on the anchorage section rod body, and the external thread at the upper end of the anchorage section rod body is located above the first bearing plate;

[0013] Detachable section; the detachable section includes a connecting sleeve and a detachable section rod body; an external thread is provided throughout the side wall of the detachable section rod body; the lower end of the anchoring section rod body is internally threaded and connected to the upper end of the connecting sleeve, the upper end of the detachable section rod body is internally threaded and connected to the lower end of the connecting sleeve, the backing plate can be movably sleeved on the lower part of the detachable section rod body, and the nut is threadedly connected to the detachable section rod body, and the nut is placed below the backing plate.

[0014] Furthermore, serrated grooves are provided on the inner wall of the second bearing plate, and serrated racks are provided on the side wall of the anchoring section rod body near the lower end. The anchoring section rod body can only move downward relative to the second bearing plate under the cooperation and restraint of the serrated grooves and the serrated racks, and cannot move upward.

[0015] Preferably, the upper side of each slot of the serrated groove is horizontally arranged, and the lower side is inclined downward.

[0016] Preferably, the outer wall of the part of the anchoring section rod body located between the second bearing plate and the first bearing plate is smooth.

[0017] Specifically, both the detachable section rod body and the anchoring section rod body are hollow rods.

[0018] Specifically, the detachable tension-compression composite anchor rod further includes a grouting pipe and an air outlet pipe. Correspondingly, mounting holes are axially provided on both the backing plate and the second bearing plate. The grouting pipe and the air outlet pipe pass through the backing plate and the second bearing plate upward in sequence, and the outlets are placed above the second bearing plate.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0020] First, when the anchor rod is tensioned, the anchor rod elongates, and relative displacement occurs between the serrated surface of the anchor rod and the serrated structure on the inner surface of the second bearing plate. After the tensioning is completed and the detachable section is removed, and the anchor rod loses the restraint of the nut and the backing plate at the tail end of the detachable section, the serrated structure on the inner surface of the second bearing plate can bite with the serrated surface of the anchor rod to limit the rebound of the anchor rod and achieve one-way sliding of the anchor rod in the direction of the detachable section, effectively reducing the prestress loss of the anchor rod; second, the anchor rod body slides unidirectionally under the limiting action of the serrations of the second bearing plate, and part of the rod body of the anchoring section is separated from the grouting body in the compression zone by a thin steel casing, so that after the detachable section is removed, the remaining rod body of the anchoring section can be tensioned again to make up for the prestress loss during the construction process; third, the first bearing plate maintains the mechanical properties of the tension-compression composite anchor rod during the tensioning stage. The limiting effect of the thin steel casing on the second bearing plate is very small. After the detachable section is removed, the second bearing plate presses the grouting body in the compression zone, and the entire process ensures the tension-compression composite mechanical properties of the anchor rod and gives full play to the compressive strength of the grouting body in the compression zone.

[0021] A thin steel casing is sleeved on the anchor rod body, so that the grouting body in the compression zone is isolated from the anchor rod body and there is no bonding; both ends of the thin steel casing are respectively welded to the first bearing plate and the second bearing plate. The first bearing plate and the second bearing plate can ensure that the anchor rod is placed in the center and can also determine the position of the anchor rod through the position of the second bearing plate.

[0022] External threads are provided on the upper side wall of the rod body of the anchoring section to strengthen the bonding between the anchor rod body and the grouting body; the outer wall of the part of the rod body of the anchoring section between the second bearing plate and the first bearing plate is smooth to prevent the rod body from rubbing against the thin steel casing.

[0023] The connecting sleeve is threadedly connected to detachably connect the detachable section rod body and the anchoring section rod body, and the detachable section rod body can be removed by applying a torque in the opposite direction to the thread. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a detachable tension-compression composite anchor rod;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram at the second bearing plate;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting sleeve;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram after injecting resin anchoring agent in the tension zone of the anchoring section;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram after grouting in the compression zone of the anchoring section;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram after the excavation of the surrounding rock mass to be excavated;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the installation of the present application;

[0031] In the figure: 1 - nut; 2 - backing plate; 3 - connecting sleeve; 4 - second bearing plate; 5 - thin steel casing; 6 - first bearing plate; 7 - detachable section rod body; 8 - anchoring section rod body; 9 - grouting pipe; 10 - air outlet pipe; 11 - surrounding rock mass to be excavated; 12 - resin anchoring agent; 13 - grouting body; 14 - compression zone; 15 - tension zone. Detailed Embodiment

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present utility model. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present utility model described and illustrated in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0033] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "left", "right", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the present invention is usually placed during use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0036] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive distinction and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "set", "connect" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connect" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] The following will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

[0039] As Figure 1-7 shown, a detachable tension-compression composite anchor rod includes:

[0040] nut 1;

[0041] backing plate 2;

[0042] Anchorage section; the anchorage section includes a first bearing plate 6, a second bearing plate 4, a thin steel sleeve 5 and an anchorage section rod body 8; external threads are provided on the side walls at the upper and lower ends of the anchorage section rod body 8; the two ends of the thin steel sleeve 5 are respectively welded to the first bearing plate 6 and the second bearing plate 4, the first bearing plate 6 is welded to the anchorage section rod body 8, the second bearing plate 4 and the thin steel sleeve 5 can be movably sleeved on the anchorage section rod body 8, and the external thread at the upper end of the anchorage section rod body 8 is placed above the first bearing plate 6;

[0043] Detachable section; the detachable section includes a connecting sleeve 3 and a detachable section rod body 7; external threads are provided on the entire side wall of the detachable section rod body 7; the lower end of the anchorage section rod body 8 is internally threaded with the upper end of the connecting sleeve 3, the upper end of the detachable section rod body 7 is internally threaded with the lower end of the connecting sleeve 3, the backing plate 2 can be movably sleeved on the lower part of the detachable section rod body 7, and the nut 1 is threadedly connected to the detachable section rod body 7, and the nut 1 is placed below the backing plate 2;

[0044] Grouting pipe 9, air outlet pipe 10; correspondingly, mounting holes are axially provided on both the backing plate 2 and the second bearing plate 4, and the outlets of the grouting pipe 9 and the air outlet pipe 10 are placed above the second bearing plate 4 after passing through the backing plate 2 and the second bearing plate 4 upward in sequence.

[0045] The connecting sleeve 3 connects the detachable section rod body 7 and the anchorage section rod body 8 by threads, and the detachable section rod body 7 can be removed by applying a torque in the opposite direction to the threads. The thin steel sleeve 5 is sleeved on the anchor rod body, so that the grouting body 13 in the compression zone 14 is isolated from and non-bonded to the anchor rod body; the two ends of the thin steel sleeve 5 are respectively welded to the first bearing plate 6 and the second bearing plate 4, and the position of the anchor rod can be determined through the position of the second bearing plate 4; the thin steel sleeve 5 has a small thickness and is not enough to form a large constraint on the second bearing plate 4.

[0046] In some embodiments, serrated grooves are provided on the inner wall of the second bearing plate 4, and serrated racks are provided on the side wall of the anchorage section rod body 8 near the lower end. The anchorage section rod body 8 can only move downward relative to the second bearing plate 4 under the cooperation and constraint of the serrated grooves and the serrated racks, and cannot move upward. Such a mechanism design can reduce the prestress loss of the anchor rod.

[0047] In some embodiments, the upper side of each slot of the serrated groove is horizontally arranged, and the lower side is inclined downward.

[0048] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the part of the anchorage section rod body 8 between the second bearing plate 4 and the first bearing plate 6 is smooth.

[0049] In some embodiments, both the detachable section rod body 7 and the anchorage section rod body 8 are hollow rods.

[0050] When constructing with the anchor rod of the present application:

[0051] After placing the detachable tensile-compressive composite anchor rod into the anchor rod hole, grouting is carried out through the internal hollow holes of the detachable section rod body 7 and the anchoring section rod body 8 in the tensile area 15 (the tensile area 15 is the space between the top of the first bearing plate 6 and the anchor rod hole), and the resin anchoring agent 12 is injected; after the resin anchoring agent 12 in the tensile area 15 solidifies, the anchor rod is tensioned to apply prestress; after the prestress is applied, grouting is carried out through the grouting pipe 9 in the compression area 14 (the compression area 14 is the space between the second bearing plate 4, the thin steel sleeve 5, the first bearing plate 6, and the side wall of the anchor rod hole) (the second bearing plate 4 is welded to the thin steel sleeve 5, and together with the first bearing plate 6, transfers the prestress on the anchor rod to the grouting body 13 between them. The grouting body 13 in this part is therefore in a compressed state and is the compression area 14; the grouting body 13 between the first bearing plate 6 and the end of the anchor rod hole is in a tensile state due to the elongation of the anchor rod and is the tensile area 15; the grouting body 13 in the tensile area 15 and the grouting body 13 in the compression area 14 jointly with the anchor rod form a tensile-compressive composite force-bearing structure), and the grouting body 13 is injected; finally, the detachable section of the anchor rod is removed, and the rock mass to be excavated and the existing lining are excavated. In order to facilitate rapid construction and at the same time take into account the structural reliability and durability, the resin anchoring agent 12 is used for grouting in the tensile area 15, and the grouting body 13 in the compression area 14 is made of cement mortar. The resin anchoring agent 12 has a fast setting speed, and the mortar has good long-term durability; the combined grouting form of resin and mortar can reduce the prestress loss caused by the aging of the resin anchoring agent 12, thereby ensuring the effect of the anchor rod on the surrounding rock.

[0052] As Figure 6 shown, the nut 1 and the backing plate 2 are located on the detachable section before the detachable section of the anchor rod is removed, and are located on the anchoring section after the detachable section is removed. Specifically, after the detachable section is removed, the nut 1 and the backing plate 2 are removed, and then the backing plate 2 is sleeved under the anchoring section rod body 8, and the nut 1 is screwed into the lower end of the anchoring section rod body 8, and the backing plate 2 is located under the second bearing plate 4.

[0053] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A detachable tension-compression composite anchor rod, characterized in that, Comprising: Nut; Backing plate; Anchorage section; the anchorage section includes a first bearing plate, a second bearing plate, a thin steel casing and an anchorage section rod body; external threads are provided on the side walls at the upper and lower ends of the anchorage section rod body; the two ends of the thin steel casing are respectively connected to the first bearing plate and the second bearing plate, the first bearing plate is welded to the anchorage section rod body, the second bearing plate and the thin steel casing can be movably sleeved on the anchorage section rod body, and the external thread at the upper end of the anchorage section rod body is located above the first bearing plate; Detachable section; the detachable section includes a connecting sleeve and a detachable section rod body; external threads are provided throughout the side wall of the detachable section rod body; the lower end of the anchorage section rod body is internally threaded with the upper end of the connecting sleeve, the upper end of the detachable section rod body is internally threaded with the lower end of the connecting sleeve, the backing plate can be movably sleeved on the lower part of the detachable section rod body, and the nut is threadedly connected to the detachable section rod body, and the nut is located below the backing plate.

2. The detachable tensile and compressive composite bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, Jagged grooves are provided on the inner wall of the second bearing plate, and jagged racks are provided on the side wall of the anchorage section rod body near the lower end. The anchorage section rod body can only move downward relative to the second bearing plate under the cooperation and restraint of the jagged grooves and the jagged racks, and cannot move upward.

3. The detachable tensile and compressive composite anchor bolt according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper side of each slot hole of the jagged groove is horizontally arranged, and the lower side is inclined downward.

4. A detachable tension and compression composite anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the part of the anchorage section rod body located between the second bearing plate and the first bearing plate is smooth.

5. A detachable tensile and compressive composite bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the detachable section rod body and the anchorage section rod body are hollow rods.

6. A detachable tension and compression composite anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detachable tension-compression composite anchor rod further includes a grouting pipe and an air outlet pipe. Correspondingly, mounting holes are axially provided on the backing plate and the second bearing plate. After the grouting pipe and the air outlet pipe pass through the backing plate and the second bearing plate upward in sequence, the outlets are located above the second bearing plate.

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