Novel liquid deslagging structure for high-concentration salt-containing waste liquid incineration boiler

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel liquid deslagging structure for a high-concentration salt-containing waste liquid incineration boiler, which comprises a conical hopper, the conical hopper is arranged at the bottom end of a hearth and the bottom end of a radiation cooling chamber, and a flue gas baffling structure is arranged on one side of the radiation cooling chamber. According to the utility model, the conical hopper type structure at the bottom of the hearth adopts an air cooling sleeve form, the refractory material with the thickness of 80-120mm is covered inside, the surface temperature of the refractory material is more flexibly controlled by adopting an air cooling mode, and the refractory material is a tabular corundum material with a smooth surface, so that the surface roughness is greatly reduced, the flowing of liquid slag is smoother, and meanwhile, the service life of the furnace is prolonged. A connecting channel of the bottom of an incineration boiler hearth and a radiation cooling chamber, namely a liquid slag discharging area is of a conical hopper structure, a liquid slag discharging opening is formed in the bottom of the conical hopper, the volume of the liquid slag discharging area is reduced through the structure, the volume thermal load is improved, and a dead zone cannot be generated when high-temperature smoke of the hearth flows through the arc-shaped structure; and the temperature distribution is more uniform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of liquid slagging boilers, in particular to a novel liquid slagging structure for a high-concentration salt-containing waste liquid incineration boiler. Background Technique

[0002] In the production of industries such as printing and dyeing, papermaking, pharmaceutical intermediates, pesticides, and chemicals, a large amount of salt-containing organic waste liquid will be generated. Most of such waste liquids have the characteristics of complex composition, high calorific value, high salt content, high toxicity, etc. There are many non-degradable organic substances and no recycling value, and they must be treated before being discharged. Conventional treatment methods such as biological methods and chemical oxidation methods cannot carry out thorough harmless treatment. At present, the industry mainly uses the method of high-temperature incineration for treatment, which has high combustion efficiency, thorough removal of organic substances, and the generated heat can be recycled. It is a treatment technology that truly realizes the reduction, harmlessness, and resource utilization of organic waste liquid.

[0003] The inorganic salts in the waste liquid are mainly low-melting sodium salts. When traditional waste liquid incineration boilers treat the above waste liquid, they often hope that the volumetric heat load at the bottom of the boiler furnace is high enough and the temperature distribution is uniform, so that as much sodium salt as possible is discharged from the bottom in a molten state, reducing the salt content in the flue gas and reducing the risk of blockage of the tail heat exchange surface.

[0004] At present, the liquid slagging structure adopted at the bottom of the furnace of conventional salt-containing waste liquid incineration boilers has a too large volume design at the bottom of the furnace, too small inclination angle, small volumetric heat load, uneven bottom temperature distribution, slow flow of liquid molten salt, and after flowing to the area with a lower temperature at the bottom, it starts to cool and solidify, resulting in the molten salt being unable to be discharged smoothly; the setting position or angle of the coke cleaning burner at the bottom of the furnace is unreasonable and cannot play the role of maintaining the temperature of the liquid molten salt at the bottom; ordinary refractory castables are used at the bottom of the furnace, with a relatively high surface roughness, large flow resistance of liquid molten slag, and it is difficult to quickly flow to the slag outlet; there is no bypass flue gas, and the slag outlet is easy to inhale cold air, resulting in solidification and blockage of the nearby molten slag and inability to discharge.

[0005] There is a waste liquid incineration boiler with re-circulating flue gas wall protection disclosed in the existing application publication number CN104764025A. The slag discharge at the bottom of the furnace of this patented boiler adopts a V-shaped angle. Although the inclination angle is reasonably designed, both sides of the V shape are made of membrane water walls. Although it can reduce the temperature of the refractory material covering the surface and protect the refractory from erosion, it will also cause the local temperature of the refractory surface to be too low due to excessive heat absorption, resulting in the liquid molten salt being unable to flow smoothly, and even cooling and solidifying and being unable to be discharged; this patent uses the flue gas at the outlet of the tail economizer as the circulating flue gas to return to the bottom of the furnace. Due to the too low flue gas temperature and the absence of a coke cleaning burner, it cannot play the role of furnace bottom heat preservation and coke cleaning, and cannot ensure the continuous discharge of liquid molten slag;

[0006] There is an environmental protection incinerator boiler for treating high-concentration saline organic waste liquid with the authorized announcement number CN203099848U. The slag discharge structure at the bottom of the furnace of this patented boiler has the following disadvantages: ① The space of the slag discharge structure is too large, and a flue gas dead zone is easily formed at the slag discharge port, resulting in a relatively low temperature in this area; ② The supplementary combustion burner is horizontally arranged with an unadjustable angle and cannot play a role in coke cleaning and heat preservation at the slag discharge port; ③ The flue gas baffle at the furnace outlet cannot enhance the turbulence of the flue gas in the bottom area and extend the residence time. Content of the Utility Model

[0007] To solve the deficiencies existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present utility model proposes a novel liquid slag discharge structure for a saline waste liquid incinerator boiler, ensuring that there is no dead zone in the flue gas at the bottom of the furnace, having a relatively high volumetric heat load, a relatively low molten slag flow resistance, effectively preventing the molten salt from being difficult to flow to the slag outlet or caking and blocking at the slag outlet due to the inhalation of cold air, and ensuring the continuous and stable slag discharge of the incinerator boiler.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present utility model provides the following technical solution: A novel liquid slag discharge structure for a high-concentration saline waste liquid incinerator boiler, including a conical hopper, the conical hopper is installed at the bottom ends of the furnace and the radiation cooling chamber, a flue gas baffle structure is arranged on one side of the radiation cooling chamber, refractory materials are installed inside the conical hopper, and an air jacket is arranged between the refractory materials and the conical hopper. A cooling air inlet connection pipe is arranged on the outer side of the bottom end of the conical hopper, a cooling air outlet connection pipe is arranged on the outer side of the top end of the conical hopper, and a slag outlet is arranged at the bottom end of the conical hopper.

[0009] Preferably, there are two groups of the cooling air inlet connection pipes, and the cooling air inlet connection pipes are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the bottom end of the conical hopper.

[0010] Preferably, there are three groups of the cooling air outlet connection pipes, and the cooling air outlet connection pipes are annularly distributed on the outer side of the top end of the conical hopper. Both the cooling air outlet connection pipe and the cooling air inlet connection pipe are connected to the inside of the air jacket.

[0011] Preferably, an installation pipe is arranged on one side of the conical hopper, and a coke cleaning burner is installed inside the installation pipe. A high-temperature resistant sealing sleeve is installed between the coke cleaning burner and the installation pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a fixed shaft is installed inside the installation pipe, and a fixed connection is formed between the fixed shaft and the outer wall of the coke cleaning burner. There are two groups of the fixed shafts, and the fixed shafts are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the coke cleaning burner.

[0013] Preferably, a first connecting frame is installed at the bottom end of the coke removal burner, and an electric push rod is installed at the bottom end of the first connecting frame. The bottom end of the electric push rod is installed with a second connecting frame, and a fixed connection is formed between the second connecting frame and the conical hopper. The electric push rod is hinged to both the first connecting frame and the second connecting frame.

[0014] Preferably, a slag dropping pipe is installed at the bottom end of the slag outlet. An observation and maintenance door is arranged at the front end of the slag dropping pipe, and a high-temperature sight glass is installed inside the observation and maintenance door.

[0015] Preferably, a bypass flue is arranged on one side of the slag dropping pipe. The diameter of the bypass flue is smaller than that of the slag dropping pipe, and a welded integrated structure is formed between the bypass flue and the slag dropping pipe.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0017] (1) The conical hopper structure at the bottom of the furnace is in the form of an air-cooled sleeve, with refractory material 80 - 120 mm thick covered inside. By adopting the air-cooled method, the flow rate of the cooling air can be flexibly adjusted to control the surface temperature of the refractory material not to be too low. Moreover, the refractory material is a smooth plate-shaped corundum material, which greatly reduces the surface roughness, makes the flow of the liquid slag more smooth. At the same time, the connection channel between the bottom of the incineration boiler furnace and the radiation cooling chamber, that is, the liquid slag discharge area, adopts a conical hopper structure, and the liquid slag discharge port is located at the bottom of the conical hopper. This structure reduces the volume of the liquid slag discharge area, improves the volume heat load, and the arc-shaped structure enables the high-temperature flue gas in the furnace not to generate dead zones when flowing through, and the temperature distribution is more uniform.

[0018] (2) By setting a flue gas baffle structure at the entrance of the radiation cooling chamber, the turbulence of the flue gas in the liquid slag discharge area is strengthened, the residence time of the flue gas is increased, the flue gas dead zone is eliminated, the temperature distribution in the slag discharge area is more uniform, and at the same time, more molten salt particles in the flue gas settle on the inner wall of the conical hopper and then converge to the slag outlet, reducing the salt content in the flue gas.

[0019] (3) By arranging a coke removal burner in the middle and lower part of the conical hopper, the fuel is natural gas or other fuels with stable composition and flow rate. The burner is arranged obliquely, and the flame direction points to the slag outlet. During operation, the flame direction can be adjusted according to the slag discharge condition at the slag outlet to maintain the smooth state of the slag outlet. Moreover, the operation of the electric push rod can change the support length, drive the coke removal burner to rotate around a fixed axis, adjust the angle of the coke removal burner, and thus control the flame direction, improving the flexibility of use.

[0020] (4) By utilizing the negative pressure of the boiler itself, part of the high-temperature flue gas in the furnace is sucked out from the slag discharge port and sent to the boiler outlet through a bypass flue, ensuring that the ambient temperature at the slag discharge port is not lower than 100°C to 150°C above the salt melting point. It can also prevent cold air from being sucked in from the slag discharge port, effectively preventing the molten slag at the slag discharge port from cooling and blocking, ensuring the continuity of slag discharge. The diameter of the bypass flue is generally between DN150 and DN300. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a front view sectional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a front view structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a front view partial sectional structure schematic diagram of the installation pipe of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 The enlarged structure schematic diagram at position A in it.

[0026] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0027] 1, furnace; 2, conical hopper; 3, coke cleaning burner; 4, installation pipe; 5, electric push rod; 6, cooling air inlet connecting pipe; 7, slag dropping pipe; 8, observation and maintenance door; 9, bypass flue; 10, lower slag outlet; 11, air jacket; 12, refractory material; 13, cooling air outlet connecting pipe; 14, flue gas baffle structure; 15, radiation cooling chamber; 16, fixed shaft; 17, high-temperature resistant sealing sleeve; 18, first connecting frame; 19, second connecting frame. Detailed Embodiment

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1-4 , an embodiment provided by the present utility model: a novel liquid slag discharge structure for a high-concentration salt-containing waste liquid incineration boiler, including a conical hopper 2, the conical hopper 2 is installed at the bottom ends of the furnace chamber 1 and the radiation cooling chamber 15, a flue gas baffle structure 14 is arranged on one side of the radiation cooling chamber 15, a refractory material 12 is installed inside the conical hopper 2, and an air jacket 11 is arranged between the refractory material 12 and the conical hopper 2. A cooling air inlet connecting pipe 6 is arranged on the outer side of the bottom end of the conical hopper 2, a cooling air outlet connecting pipe 13 is arranged on the outer side of the top end of the conical hopper 2, a slag discharge port 10 is arranged at the bottom end of the conical hopper 2, there are two groups of cooling air inlet connecting pipes 6, and the cooling air inlet connecting pipes 6 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the bottom end of the conical hopper 2. There are three groups of cooling air outlet connecting pipes 13, and the cooling air outlet connecting pipes 13 are annularly distributed on the outer side of the top end of the conical hopper 2. Both the cooling air outlet connecting pipe 13 and the cooling air inlet connecting pipe 6 are connected and communicated with the inside of the air jacket 11;

[0031] The connection channel between the bottom of the incineration boiler furnace chamber 1 and the radiation cooling chamber 15, that is, the liquid slag discharge area, adopts a conical hopper structure, the cone angle is 50 - 60 °C, and the liquid slag discharge port is located at the bottom of the conical hopper 2. This structure reduces the volume of the liquid slag discharge area and increases the volume heat load. The arc-shaped structure enables the high-temperature flue gas in the furnace chamber 1 to flow through without generating dead zones, and the temperature distribution is more uniform;

[0032] Specifically, as shown in the figure, the conical hopper structure at the bottom of the furnace chamber 1 adopts an air-cooled sleeve form, and is covered with a refractory material 12 with a thickness of 80 - 120 mm. By adopting the air-cooling method, compared with the water-cooling method, it can not only cool the refractory material 12, but also the regulation of the flow rate is more flexible, and the surface temperature of the refractory material 12 is controlled not to be too low. The cooling air adopts part of the combustion-supporting air, and after being heated by the air-cooled sleeve, it returns to the combustion-supporting air main pipe, without affecting the boiler thermal efficiency; the refractory material 12 covered on the inner wall adopts a plate-shaped corundum material with strong high-temperature resistance, wear resistance, and erosion resistance, and a smooth surface, which greatly reduces the surface roughness and makes the liquid slag flow more smoothly;

[0033] On one side of the hopper 2, there is an installation pipe 4, and a coke-removing burner 3 is installed inside the installation pipe 4. A high-temperature resistant sealing sleeve 17 is installed between the coke-removing burner 3 and the installation pipe 4. A fixed shaft 16 is installed inside the installation pipe 4, and a fixed connection is formed between the fixed shaft 16 and the outer wall of the coke-removing burner 3. There are two groups of fixed shafts 16, and the fixed shafts 16 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the coke-removing burner 3. A first connecting frame 18 is installed at the bottom end of the coke-removing burner 3, and an electric push rod 5 is installed at the bottom end of the first connecting frame 18. The bottom end of the electric push rod 5 is installed with a second connecting frame 19, and a fixed connection is formed between the second connecting frame 19 and the hopper 2. The electric push rod 5 is hinged to both the first connecting frame 18 and the second connecting frame 19;

[0034] Specifically, as shown in the figure, a slag-dropping pipe 7 is installed at the bottom end of the slag outlet 10. An observation and maintenance door 8 is arranged at the front end of the slag-dropping pipe 7, and a high-temperature sight glass is installed inside the observation and maintenance door 8. A bypass flue 9 is arranged on one side of the slag-dropping pipe 7, and the diameter of the bypass flue 9 is smaller than that of the slag-dropping pipe 7. A welded integrated structure is formed between the bypass flue 9 and the slag-dropping pipe 7;

[0035] During use, by utilizing the negative pressure of the boiler itself, part of the high-temperature flue gas in the furnace is sucked out from the slag outlet 10 and sent to the boiler outlet through the bypass flue 9, ensuring that the environmental temperature at the slag outlet is not lower than 100°C - 150°C above the salt melting point, and preventing cold air from being sucked in from the slag outlet, effectively preventing the molten slag at the slag outlet 10 from cooling and blocking, ensuring the continuity of slag discharge. The diameter of the bypass flue 9 is generally between DN150 and DN300.

[0036] Working principle: As the liquid slag discharge area of the incineration boiler, the entire inside of the hopper 2 is in a high-temperature environment. The refractory material 12 on the inner wall is corroded and scoured by the liquid molten salt. To extend the service life of the refractory, a more flexible air-cooling method is adopted. The cooling air enters the air jacket 11 from the cooling air inlet pipe 6 to cool the refractory material 12, and the heated air is discharged from the cooling air outlet pipe 13. By controlling the cooling air volume, the surface temperature of the refractory material 12 can be flexibly controlled, ensuring the service performance of the refractory without affecting the flow of the liquid molten salt. The refractory material 12 is made of plate-shaped corundum, which has better temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and molten slag erosion resistance than the refractory materials currently used in boilers on the market, and the surface is smooth, making the molten salt flow more smoothly. To ensure that the refractory material 12 can be evenly cooled, there are 2 cooling air inlet pipes 6, which are arranged oppositely; there are 3 cooling air outlet pipes 13, which are evenly arranged along the circumference, ensuring that the cooling air is evenly distributed in the air jacket 11.

[0037] In the middle and lower part of the hopper 2, a coke cleaning burner 3 is also provided. The flame angle of the burner is adjustable to ensure that the temperature in the slag discharge area does not decrease during operating condition fluctuations, guarantee the smooth discharge of molten salt. The burner flame should be as close as possible to the slag outlet 10, but the flame length should be controlled and it should not directly contact the refractory material.

[0038] The slag outlet 10 is directly connected to the slag dropping pipe 7. An observation and maintenance door 8 is arranged on the slag dropping pipe 7, at a distance of 200 mm to 300 mm from the slag outlet 10. There is a high-temperature sight glass on the observation and maintenance door 8, through which the molten salt flow condition at the slag outlet 10 can be observed at any time. The sight glass is made of heat-resistant glass, and a cooling air is provided to cool the heat-resistant glass. The observation and maintenance door 8 is usually in a closed state. When a blockage problem occurs, it can be opened for manual dredging work.

[0039] To prevent the slag outlet 10 from contacting cold air and ensure the smooth flow of molten salt from the slag outlet, a bypass flue 9 is arranged between the slag dropping pipe 7 and the outlet flue of the incineration boiler, and part of the high-temperature flue gas is led out from the slag outlet and enters the tail flue of the boiler along the bypass flue 9. The opening of the bypass flue 9 on the slag dropping pipe 7 should be as close as possible to the slag outlet 10, and the recommended distance is about 50 - 100 mm.

[0040] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present utility model. Therefore, in any aspect, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present utility model. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claimed rights.

Claims

1. A novel liquid slagging structure for a high-concentration saline waste incineration boiler, comprising a conical hopper (2), characterized in that: The conical hopper (2) is installed at the bottom ends of the furnace chamber (1) and the radiation cooling chamber (15). A flue gas baffle structure (14) is arranged on one side of the radiation cooling chamber (15). Refractory materials (12) are installed inside the conical hopper (2), and an air jacket (11) is arranged between the refractory materials (12) and the conical hopper (2). A cooling air inlet connection pipe (6) is arranged on the outer side of the bottom end of the conical hopper (2), a cooling air outlet connection pipe (13) is arranged on the outer side of the top end of the conical hopper (2), and a slag discharge opening (10) is arranged at the bottom end of the conical hopper (2).

2. The novel liquid slag removal structure for an incineration boiler of high-concentration salt-containing waste liquid according to claim 1, wherein: There are two groups of the cooling air inlet connection pipes (6), and the cooling air inlet connection pipes (6) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the bottom end of the conical hopper (2).

3. The novel liquid slag removal structure for a high-concentration salt-containing waste liquid incineration boiler according to claim 1, wherein: There are three groups of the cooling air outlet connection pipes (13), and the cooling air outlet connection pipes (13) are annularly distributed on the outer side of the top end of the conical hopper (2). Both the cooling air outlet connection pipe (13) and the cooling air inlet connection pipe (6) are connected to the inside of the air jacket (11).

4. A novel liquid slag discharge structure for an incineration boiler of high-concentration saline wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that: An installation pipe (4) is arranged on one side of the conical hopper (2), and a coke cleaning burner (3) is installed inside the installation pipe (4). A high-temperature sealing sleeve (17) is installed between the coke cleaning burner (3) and the installation pipe (4).

5. A novel liquid slag removal structure for an incineration boiler of high-concentration saline wastewater according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fixed shaft (16) is installed inside the installation pipe (4), and a fixed connection is formed between the fixed shaft (16) and the outer wall of the coke cleaning burner (3). There are two groups of the fixed shafts (16), and the fixed shafts (16) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the coke cleaning burner (3).

6. The novel liquid slag removal structure for a high-concentration salt-containing waste liquid incineration boiler according to claim 4, wherein: A first connecting frame (18) is installed at the bottom end of the coke cleaning burner (3), an electric push rod (5) is installed at the bottom end of the first connecting frame (18), a second connecting frame (19) is installed at the bottom end of the electric push rod (5), and a fixed connection is formed between the second connecting frame (19) and the conical hopper (2). Hinged connections are formed between the electric push rod (5) and the first connecting frame (18) and the second connecting frame (19) respectively.

7. A novel liquid slagging removal structure for an incineration boiler of high-concentration salt-containing waste liquid according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slag dropping pipe (7) is installed at the bottom end of the slag discharge opening (10), an observation and maintenance door (8) is arranged at the front end of the slag dropping pipe (7), and a high-temperature sight glass is installed inside the observation and maintenance door (8).

8. A novel liquid slag removal structure for a high-concentration saline waste incineration boiler according to claim 7, characterized in that: A bypass flue (9) is arranged on one side of the slag dropping pipe (7), and the diameter of the bypass flue (9) is smaller than that of the slag dropping pipe (7). A welded integrated structure is formed between the bypass flue (9) and the slag dropping pipe (7).

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