Testing machine for testing thrust bearings connected in series in multiple rows in rotating state

Abstract

The utility model provides a testing machine for testing thrust bearings connected in series in multiple rows in a rotating state. The testing machine comprises a rotating driving device, a parallelism adjusting device, an axial loading device and a test bed supporting rack, the vertical supporting rack comprises a fixed cross beam, a movable cross beam, a stand column, a supporting workbench and a testing system. Under the condition that the multi-row series thrust bearing bears a large axial load, axial loading of the multi-row series thrust bearing in a rotating state and misalignment quantitative adjustment in the axial loading process are effectively achieved. The utility model further provides a distributed measurement method for the inner space ring and the outer space ring of the multi-column series thrust bearing, and the rigidity of the multi-column series thrust bearing and the distributed strain test of the inner space ring and the outer space ring in the axial direction and the circumferential direction are achieved. Furthermore, through internal aligning and bolt quantitative adjusting of a parallelism adjusting device, a test experiment of the bearing in a parallelism controllable state in the axial loading process is achieved, and the influence of non-centering and axial loads on the rigidity of the bearing and deformation of an inner space ring and an outer space ring is established.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of bearing experiments, especially a testing machine for multi-row series thrust bearings under a rotating state. Background Technique

[0002] A multi-row series thrust bearing consists of multiple thrust bearings, an inner spacer ring and an outer spacer ring. The inner spacer ring is located between the inner rings of each stage of thrust bearings, and the outer spacer ring is located between the outer rings of each stage of thrust bearings. The inner and outer spacer rings connect multiple thrust bearings in series, so that the axial load is distributed to each bearing, improving the bearing capacity of the axial load. Therefore, it has a large axial load bearing capacity and is widely used in shafting structures such as screw extruders, turbomachinery, wind turbines, and ship propulsion systems.

[0003] Among them, under the action of a large axial load, the axial stiffness of the bearing, the deformation of the raceway and the spacer ring directly affect the service performance of the bearing, which are the key elements in the design and assembly of multi-row series thrust bearings. Therefore, it is important to obtain the stiffness and deformation under the axial load, especially the rotating state test can simulate its working conditions, which is particularly important.

[0004] Although there are some performance test experimental devices for multi-row series thrust bearings at present, such as patent (CN1195209C), they only conduct conventional equal load performance detection on multi-row series thrust bearings. By using resistance strain gauges to measure the strain value of the outer spacer ring of the bearing and calculating the axial force transmitted by it, the actual load of each stage of bearings in the multi-row series thrust bearing can be obtained, but the stiffness test of the bearing is not involved. Pan Ling mentioned the stiffness test of this bearing in "Testing of the Actual Equal Load Ratio and Total Stiffness of Multi-row Bearings". When loading, a dial indicator is installed between the two pressure heads of the press, and its reading is used to show the bearing stiffness test result. The above test equipment and test methods can only or only conduct the bearing stiffness test under the static state, and at the same time do not involve the strain test of the inner spacer ring of the bearing, and still cannot obtain the bearing stiffness under the rotating state and the test parameters such as the strain of its inner and outer spacer rings. At the same time, the testing machine does not have an out-of-alignment or self-aligning device, and cannot conduct bearing tests under the axial loading state of out-of-alignment at different angles, making it difficult to carry out the influence of axial loading under out-of-alignment conditions on bearing parameters. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present application is: under the condition that a multi-row series thrust bearing bears a large axial load, to effectively achieve axial loading of the multi-row series thrust bearing in a rotating state and quantitative adjustment of misalignment during the axial loading process; further provide a distributed measurement method for the inner and outer spacer rings of the multi-row series thrust bearing to achieve distributed strain testing of the stiffness of the multi-row series thrust bearing and its inner and outer spacer rings along the axial and circumferential directions; further, through the internal alignment and bolt quantitative adjustment of the parallelism adjustment device 4, to achieve the test experiment of the bearing under the controllable parallelism state during the axial loading process, and establish the influence of misalignment and axial load on the bearing stiffness and the deformation of the inner and outer spacer rings. The present utility model provides a multi-row series thrust bearing testing machine and a testing method in a rotating state.

[0006] To achieve the above partial or all purposes or other purposes, the present application provides the following technical solutions: A multi-row series thrust bearing testing machine in a rotating state, comprising a rotation driving device, a parallelism adjustment device, an axial loading device, and a vertical support frame; the vertical support frame includes a fixed cross beam, a movable cross beam, columns, and a support workbench; the columns are sequentially connected to the fixed cross beam, the movable cross beam, and the support workbench from top to bottom; the rotation driving device is arranged on the lower end surface of the support workbench, and a multi-row series thrust bearing to be detected is arranged on the upper end surface; the axial loading device is arranged on the fixed cross beam; the axial loading device is connected to the upper end surface of the movable cross beam, and the parallelism adjustment device is arranged on the lower end surface of the movable cross beam.

[0007] Furthermore, bearing seat fixing holes are arranged on the support workbench; pressure sensor fixing holes are arranged on the movable cross beam; hydraulic cylinder fixing holes are arranged on the fixed cross beam; the bearing seat fixing holes, the pressure sensor fixing holes, and the hydraulic cylinder fixing holes are coaxially arranged.

[0008] Further, the rotation driving device includes a driving motor, a motor connecting seat, a housing, a coupling, a main shaft, a thrust bearing, an inner spacer, a bearing seat, a bearing connecting seat, and an electric slip ring; the upper fixed end face of the driving motor is fixed to the housing through the motor connecting seat, and the output shaft of the driving motor is connected to the coupling; the motor connecting seat is installed between the fixed end face of the driving motor and the lower end face of the housing; the upper end of the housing is fixed to the support workbench, and the lower end fixes the driving motor through the motor connecting seat; the coupling connects the output shaft of the driving motor and the main shaft; the thrust bearing is installed on the main shaft, with three rows of thrust bearings in parallel, and an inner spacer is connected between adjacent two thrust bearings; the bearing seat is fixedly connected to the support workbench by bolts; the lower end of the bearing connecting seat is connected to the main shaft, and multiple columns of series-connected thrust bearings are placed at the upper end of the bearing connecting seat; a through hole is opened on the housing; the electric slip ring is arranged between the through holes on the coupling and the main shaft and is connected to the lower end face of the bearing seat; the thrust bearing is inside the bearing seat, the lower ring of the thrust bearing contacts the bearing seat, the upper ring of the thrust bearing is connected to the main shaft sleeve, the main shaft sleeve is sleeved on the main shaft, and there is a gap between the two; the bearing connecting seat is connected to the main shaft sleeve, the main shaft passes through multiple columns of series-connected thrust bearings, and there is a gap between the two; a convex ring is arranged at one end of the main shaft away from the driving motor, and the convex ring contacts the upper rings of multiple columns of series-connected thrust bearings.

[0009] Further, the parallelism adjusting device includes a pair of fixed locking bolts, a pair of fixed bolts, an upper plate of the angle adjusting device, a spherical angle adjusting device, a lower plate of the angle adjusting device, a graduated sleeve, and a locking nut; the fixed locking bolts and the fixed bolts jointly fix the upper plate of the angle adjusting device and the lower plate of the angle adjusting device to the movable crossbeam; the lower end of the lower plate of the angle adjusting device is set as a ferrule, and the ferrule contacts the upper rings of multiple columns of series-connected thrust bearings; the locking nut is threadedly connected to the fixed locking bolt.

[0010] Further, the axial loading device includes a hydraulic cylinder fixing seat, a piston rod, bolts, and a pressure sensor; the hydraulic cylinder fixing seat is fixed to the upper end of the fixed crossbeam; the lower end of the piston rod is installed with the pressure sensor and is connected to the movable crossbeam, the pressure sensor is fixed to the movable crossbeam by bolts, and the upper end of the piston rod penetrates through the hydraulic cylinder fixing seat and the fixed crossbeam.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a test system; the test system includes a displacement sensor, an outer spacer strain gauge sensor, and an inner spacer strain gauge sensor; the displacement sensor is installed on the side of the fixed crossbeam through bolts, and the pull rod of the displacement sensor is connected to the fixed block arranged on the side of the movable crossbeam; the test circuit of the outer spacer strain gauge sensor is directly connected to the acquisition device; the main shaft is a hollow shaft, and through holes are opened on the side wall of the main shaft, and the through holes are communicated with the inner cavity of the hollow shaft; the test circuit of the inner spacer strain gauge sensor is led to the inner ring of the slip ring through the inner cavity of the hollow shaft of the multi-row series thrust bearing and the passage formed by the through holes on the main shaft, led out through the outer ring of the slip ring, and then connected to the acquisition device through the through hole on the housing.

[0012] Furthermore, the strain gauges of the outer spacer strain gauge sensor and the inner spacer strain gauge sensor are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the bearing and the circumferences of the outer and inner spacers and are pasted on the middle surfaces of the respective inner and outer spacers to be measured, and six strain gauges are evenly distributed on each spacer.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The rotary drive device drives the main shaft to rotate through a motor and transmits the torque to the multi-row series bearing. Combining with the axial loading device to apply an axial load to the multi-row series thrust bearing, and at the same time combining with the support shaft system to realize the rotary-state composite axial loading of the multi-row series thrust bearing and the support for the axial load; under the condition that the multi-row series thrust bearing bears a large axial load, in order to effectively realize the axial loading of the multi-row series thrust bearing in the rotating state and the quantitative adjustment of misalignment during the axial loading process; further provide a distributed measurement method for the inner and outer spacers of the multi-row series thrust bearing to realize the stiffness of the multi-row series thrust bearing and the distributed strain test of its inner and outer spacers along the axial and circumferential directions; further through the internal alignment adjustment of the parallelism adjustment device 4 and the quantitative adjustment of bolts, realize the test experiment of the bearing under the controllable parallelism state during the axial loading process, and establish the influence of misalignment and axial load on the bearing stiffness and the deformation of the inner and outer spacers. The present utility model provides a multi-row series thrust bearing test machine in a rotating state. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 It is the overall structure diagram of the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 It is the cross-sectional view of the drive device;

[0016] Figure 3 It is the cross-sectional view of the axial loading device;

[0017] Figure 4 It is the structure diagram of the test bench frame;

[0018] Figure 5 It is the cross-sectional view of the test system;

[0019] Figure 6 Diagram of the layout position of the strain gauges on the outer spacer ring of the test system;

[0020] Figure 7 Partial diagram of the wiring of the strain gauge sensors on the outer spacer ring of the test system;

[0021] Figure 8 Diagram of the layout position of the strain gauges on the inner spacer ring of the test system

[0022] Figure 9 Partial diagram of the wiring of the strain gauge sensors on the inner spacer ring of the test system

[0023] Figure 10 Wiring diagram of the test line for the position of the electrical slip ring

[0024] Figure 11 Structure diagram of the parallelism adjustment device 4

[0025] Figure 12 Cross-sectional view of the centering and parallelism adjustment device 4

[0026] Figure 13 Structure diagram of the centering and parallelism adjustment device 4 deflected by an angle θ

[0027] In the figure: 1. Rotary drive device; 11. Driving motor; 12. Motor connecting seat; 13. Housing; 14. Coupling; 15. Spindle; 15-1. Spindle sleeve; 16. Thrust bearing; 17. Inner spacer ring; 18. Bearing seat; 19. Bearing connecting seat; 24. Electrical slip ring; 2. Test system; 21. Displacement sensor; 22. Strain gauge sensor on the outer spacer ring; 23. Strain gauge sensor on the inner spacer ring; 3. Multi-row series thrust bearing; 4. Parallelism adjustment device; 41. Pair of fixed locking bolts; 42. Pair of fixed bolts; 43. Upper plate of the angle adjustment device; 44. Spherical angle adjustment device; 45. Lower plate of the angle adjustment device; 46. Graduated sleeve; 47. Locking nut; 5. Axial loading device; 51. Hydraulic cylinder fixing seat; 52. Piston rod; 53. Bolt; 54; Pressure sensor; 6. Vertical support frame; 61. Fixed cross beam; 62. Hydraulic cylinder fixing hole; 63. Movable cross beam; 64. Fixed block; 65. Pressure sensor fixing hole; 66. Column; 67. Support workbench; 68. Bearing seat fixing hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] In order to make the structure and function of the present utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model.

[0029] See the appendix Figures 1-13, a multi-column series thrust bearing test and testing machine in a rotating state, characterized in that it comprises a rotation drive device 1, a parallelism adjustment device 4, an axial loading device 5 and a vertical support frame 6; the vertical support frame 6 comprises a fixed crossbeam 61, a movable crossbeam 63, columns 66 and a support workbench 67; the columns 66 are sequentially connected to the fixed crossbeam 61, the movable crossbeam 63 from top to bottom, and are connected to the lower end surface of the bearing seat 18 to support the workbench 67; the lower end surface of the support workbench 67 is provided with a rotation drive device 1, and the upper end surface is provided with a multi-column series thrust bearing 3 to be detected; the fixed crossbeam 61 is provided with an axial loading device 5; the axial loading device 5 is connected to the upper end surface of the movable crossbeam 63, and the lower end surface of the movable crossbeam 63 is provided with a parallelism adjustment device 4.

[0030] Furthermore, a bearing seat fixing hole 68 is provided on the support workbench 67; a pressure sensor fixing hole 65 is provided on the movable crossbeam 63; a hydraulic cylinder fixing hole 62 is provided on the fixed crossbeam 61; the bearing seat fixing hole 68, the pressure sensor fixing hole 65 and the hydraulic cylinder fixing hole 62 are coaxially arranged.

[0031] Furthermore, the rotation driving device 1 includes a driving motor 11, a motor connecting seat 12, a housing 13, a coupling 14, a main shaft 15, a thrust bearing 16, an inner spacer 17, a bearing seat 18, a bearing connecting seat 19, and an electric slip ring 24; the upper fixed end face of the driving motor 11 is fixed to the housing 13 through the motor connecting seat 12, and the output shaft of the driving motor 11 is connected to the coupling 14; the motor connecting seat 12 is installed between the fixed end face of the driving motor 11 and the lower end face of the housing 13; the upper end of the housing 13 is fixed to the support workbench 67, and the lower end fixes the driving motor 11 through the motor connecting seat 12; the coupling 14 connects the output shaft of the driving motor 11 and the main shaft 15; the thrust bearing 16 is installed on the main shaft 15, with three rows of thrust bearings 16 arranged in parallel, and adjacent two thrust bearings 16 are connected by the inner spacer 17; the bearing seat 18 is fixedly connected to the support workbench 67 with bolts; the lower end of the bearing connecting seat 19 is connected to the main shaft 15, and multiple columns of series-connected thrust bearings 3 are placed at the upper end of the bearing connecting seat 19; a first through hole 111 is formed in the housing 13; the electric slip ring 24 is arranged between the coupling 14 and a second through hole 112 on the main shaft 15 and is connected to the lower end face of the bearing seat 18; the thrust bearing 16 is inside the bearing seat 18, the lower ring of the thrust bearing 16 contacts the bearing seat 18, the upper ring of the thrust bearing 16 is connected to the main shaft sleeve 15-1, the main shaft sleeve 15-1 is sleeved on the main shaft 15, and there is a gap between them; the bearing connecting seat 19 is connected to the main shaft sleeve 15-1, and the bearing connecting seat 19 is not fixedly connected to the main shaft 15; the main shaft 15 passes through multiple columns of series-connected thrust bearings 3, and there is a gap between them; a convex ring is arranged at one end of the main shaft 15 away from the driving motor 11, and the convex ring contacts the upper ring of multiple columns of series-connected thrust bearings 3; when the axial loading device 5 applies a force, the force is applied to multiple columns of series-connected thrust bearings 3 through the collar at the lower end of the angle adjustment device lower plate 45, and the force passing through multiple columns of series-connected thrust bearings 3 is transmitted to the bearing connecting seat 19, the main shaft sleeve 15-1, the thrust bearing 16, the bearing seat 18, and the support workbench 67; the force of the axial loading device 5 does not act on the main shaft 15; the upper fixed end face of the driving motor 11 is fixed to the housing 13 through the motor connecting seat 12, its output shaft is connected to the coupling 14, and the torque is transmitted to the main shaft 15 through the coupling 14, and then transmitted to multiple columns of series-connected thrust bearings 3 through the bearing connecting seat 19 to achieve torque input. By controlling the rotation speed of the driving motor 11, the rotation speed of the main shaft 15 can be controlled to achieve torque output at different rotation speeds; the motor connecting seat 12 is installed between the fixed end face of the driving motor 11 and the lower end face of the housing 13 for fixing the driving motor 11; the upper end of the housing 13 is fixed to the support workbench 67, and the lower end fixes the driving motor 11 through the motor connecting seat 12; the coupling 14 connects the output shaft of the driving motor 11 and the main shaft 15 to achieve torque transmission;The thrust bearing 16 is installed on the main shaft 15. It has three rows arranged in parallel, and adjacent thrust bearings 16 are connected by an inner spacer ring 17 to form a support shaft system structure with the main shaft 15, jointly realizing the support of the axial load during the axial loading process; the bearing housing 18 is fixedly connected to the support workbench 67 by bolts through holes 68, realizing the support and fixation of the three rows of parallel thrust bearings 16 to prevent the thrust bearing 16 from moving axially; the lower end of the bearing connecting seat 19 is connected to the main shaft 15, and its upper end places multiple rows of series-connected thrust bearings 3, realizing the transmission of torque to the hollow shaft of the multiple rows of series-connected thrust bearing shaft 3 and then to the inner ring of the multiple rows of series-connected thrust bearings 3; a second through hole 112 is opened on the main shaft 15 and a first through hole 111 is opened on the housing 13. The second through hole 112 and the first through hole 111 form a passage for the routing of the test line; the support workbench 67 fixes the column 66 and the housing 13, and fixes the bearing housing 18 through the bearing fixing hole 68;

[0032] Further, the parallelism adjustment device 4 includes a pair of fixed locking bolts 41, a pair of fixed bolts 42, an upper plate 43 of the angle adjustment device, a spherical angle adjustment device 44, a lower plate 45 of the angle adjustment device, a scale sleeve 46 and a locking nut 47; the fixed locking bolts 41 and the fixed bolts 42 jointly fix the upper plate 43 of the angle adjustment device and the lower plate 45 of the angle adjustment device to the movable crossbeam 63; the lower end of the lower plate 45 of the angle adjustment device is set as a collar, and the collar contacts the upper ring of the multiple rows of series-connected thrust bearings 3; the locking nut 47 is threadedly connected to the fixed locking bolt 41; the fixed locking bolts 41 and the fixed bolts 42 jointly fix the upper plate 43 of the angle adjustment device and the lower plate 45 of the angle adjustment device to the movable crossbeam 63. Further, a scale and a scale sleeve 46 are arranged in the middle section of the fixed locking bolt 41 for reading the adjusted angle size; the upper plate 43 of the angle adjustment device, the spherical angle adjustment device 44 and the lower plate 45 of the angle adjustment device jointly constitute an alignment device, realizing the transmission of the load during the axial load application process, further realizing the adjustment of the parallelism misalignment problem during the axial loading process and the eccentric axial loading at the misalignment angle; the lower end of the lower plate 45 of the angle adjustment device is set as a collar, which is used to apply a load to the outer ring of the multiple rows of series-connected thrust bearings 3 when the movable crossbeam 63 moves up and down; the locking nut 47 realizes the control and locking of the parallelism by tightening on the fixed locking bolt. When tightening downwards and upwards on the left and right sides respectively, the lower plate 45 of the angle adjustment device has a certain angle relative to the upper plate 43 of the angle adjustment device, realizing parallel alignment axial loading and eccentric axial loading at a specific angle.

[0033] Further, the axial loading device 5 includes a hydraulic cylinder fixing seat 51, a piston rod 52, bolts 53, and a pressure sensor 54; the hydraulic cylinder fixing seat 51 is fixed to the upper end of the fixed crossbeam 61; the lower end of the piston rod 52 is installed with the pressure sensor 54 and connected to the movable crossbeam 63. The pressure sensor 54 is fixed to the movable crossbeam 63 by the bolts 53. The upper end of the piston rod 52 penetrates through the hydraulic cylinder fixing seat 51 and the fixed crossbeam 61; the hydraulic cylinder fixing seat 51 fixes the hydraulic cylinder to the fixed crossbeam 61 through the hole 62; the lower end of the piston rod 52 is installed with the pressure sensor 54 and connected to the movable crossbeam 63. Under the action of hydraulic pressure, the piston rod is pushed to move up and down and is guided by the column 66. The up and down movement of the movable crossbeam 63 realizes the application of axial load to the multi-column series thrust bearing 3; the pressure sensor 54 is fixed to the movable crossbeam 63 by the bolts 53. The applied load is tested through the pressure sensor 54, thereby realizing the closed-loop control of the applied load.

[0034] Further, the non-working surface of the bearing is subjected to zinc spraying + painting anti-corrosion treatment to improve the corrosion resistance of the bearing; combined with the rotation of the rotary electric slip ring in the main shaft system, the distributed strain tests of the inner and outer spacers of the multi-column series thrust bearing along the axial and circumferential directions, as well as the distributed deformation tests of the inner and outer spacers along the axial and circumferential directions under the rotating state are realized; at the same time, the axial loading device is used to apply axial load to the bearing, the axial displacement test of the bearing is carried out, and the bearing stiffness test is realized; further, through the comparison of the two sets of data, the correlation relationship between load, displacement, and strain is established.

[0035] Furthermore, it also includes a test system 2; the test system 2 includes a displacement sensor 21, an outer spacer strain gauge sensor 22, and an inner spacer strain gauge sensor 23; the displacement sensor 21 is mounted on the side of the fixed crossbeam 61 by bolts, and the pull rod of the displacement sensor 21 is connected to a fixed block 64 arranged on the side of the movable crossbeam 63; the test circuit of the outer spacer strain gauge sensor 22 is directly connected to the acquisition device 25; the main shaft 15 is a hollow shaft, and a second through hole 112 is formed on the side wall of the main shaft 15, and the second through hole 112 communicates with the inner cavity of the hollow shaft; the test circuit of the inner spacer strain gauge sensor 23 is led to the inner ring of the slip ring 24 through the inner cavity of the hollow shaft of the multi-row series thrust bearing 3 and the passage formed by the second through hole 112 on the main shaft 15, led out through the outer ring of the slip ring 24, and then connected to the acquisition device 25 through the first through hole 111 on the housing; the test system 2 is used to collect test results such as the displacement, strain, friction torque, and load of the multi-row series thrust bearing 3 and its inner and outer spacers, and analyze and process the test results; the displacement sensor 21 is mounted on the right side of the fixed crossbeam 61 by bolts, and its pull rod is connected to the fixed block 64 fixed on the movable crossbeam 63, and is used to measure the displacement of the movable crossbeam 63 when it is affected by the movement of the hydraulic rod 52, and then obtain the displacement of the bearing under the action of the axial load, so as to complete the test of the bearing stiffness; the slip ring 24 is arranged between the coupling 14 and the second through hole 112 on the main shaft 15, and is clamped and connected to the lower end surface of the bearing housing 18 to realize the conversion of static and dynamic signals in the rotating state and avoid the winding or damage of the wire due to rotation; the test circuit of the outer spacer strain gauge sensor 22 is directly connected to the acquisition device 25; the test circuit of the (inner spacer strain gauge sensor 23) is led to the inner ring of the slip ring 24 through the passage formed by the through hole on the hollow shaft of the multi-row series thrust bearing 3 and the second through hole 112 on the main shaft 15, led out through the outer ring of the slip ring 24, and then connected to the acquisition device 25 through the first through hole 111 on the housing, and finally the signal is connected to the computer 26 for data reading, analysis and processing, so as to complete the strain test.

[0036] Furthermore, the strain gauges of the outer spacer strain gauge sensor 22 and the strain gauges of the inner spacer strain gauge sensor 23 are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the bearing and the circumferences of the outer and inner spacers and are pasted on the middle surfaces of the measured inner and outer spacers, and six strain gauges are evenly distributed on each spacer; the strain values at each place are respectively measured by the six strain gauges evenly distributed on each spacer

[0037] Furthermore, the steps of the test method are as follows:

[0038] Step 1: By applying different axial loads Obtain the corresponding displacements δ1, δ2...δ n,

[0039] The stiffness K of the multi-column series thrust bearing with respect to the axial load F on the bearing a and the displacement δ calculation formula:

[0040]

[0041] Step 2: Six strain gauges are evenly distributed on each spacer ring to measure the strain values at each location By applying a given axial load F a , the strains of the inner and outer spacer rings of the bearing are obtained as ε 12 , ε 23 ... ε i(i+1) , ε 1'2' , ε 2'3' ... ε i'(i+1)' ; where i = 1, 2... N (N is the number of series-connected bearing stages), and each strain value ε i(i+1) , ε i'(i+1)' is the average value measured by the 6 circumferentially evenly distributed strain gauges in the middle of the inner and outer spacer rings; similarly, by applying different axial loads to obtain the corresponding strains of the inner and outer spacer rings

[0042] F a = k1×(ε 12 + ε 23 + ε 34 + L + ε i(i+1) )

[0043] F a = k2×(ε 1'2' + ε 2'3' + ε 3'4' + L + ε i'(i+1)' )

[0044] In the formula, k1 and k2 are the inner and spacer ring strain composite coefficients;

[0045] Step 3: The multi-column series thrust bearing 3 is in a static state, and only parallelism alignment loading and misalignment specific angle θ axial loading are carried out. Through the test system, the bearing displacement δ, the strains ε of the inner and outer spacer rings under alignment loading, and the bearing displacement δ′, the strains ε′ of the inner and outer spacer rings under misalignment specific angle θ loading are obtained, and the axial and circumferential deformation tests of the multi-column series thrust bearing and the distributed deformation tests of its inner and outer spacer rings along the axial and circumferential directions are completed under the non-rotating state; thus, the correlation between the misalignment angle θ, the axial load F a and the bearing stiffness K and its spacer ring strain ε is established; as shown in the following formula:

[0046] K = f1(θ, F a )

[0047] ε = f2(θ, F a )

[0048] wherein, f1 and f2 are function regression equations established through experimental data, and f1(θ, F a ) represents the function of the axial loading angle and the axial load on the bearing stiffness; f2(θ, F a ) represents the function of the axial loading angle and the axial load on the spacer strain ε;

[0049] When the driving motor 11 operates at a speed of ω, the multi-row series thrust bearing 3 is in a rotating state. Parallelism alignment axial loading and misaligned specific angle θ axial loading are respectively performed on it. The bearing displacement δ, the strain ε of the inner and outer spacers, the bearing displacement δ', and the strain ε' of the inner and outer spacers under misaligned specific angle θ loading are obtained through the test system 2, thereby establishing the correlation relationship among the load F a , the misalignment angle θ, the displacement δ, and the strain ε; further, by adjusting the motor speed, the influence of the speed ω on the bearing stiffness K and the strain ε of its inner and outer spacers is revealed; as shown in the following formula:

[0050] K = f3(ω, θ, F a )

[0051] ε = f4(ω, θ, F a )

[0052] wherein, f3 and f4 are function regression equations established through experimental data, and f3(ω, θ, F a ) represents the function of the speed ω, the axial loading angle, and the axial load on the bearing stiffness; f4(ω, θ, F a ) represents the function of the speed ω, the axial loading angle, and the axial load on the spacer strain ε;

[0053] Step 4: A scale table and a scale sleeve 46 are provided in the middle section of the fixed locking bolt 41 for reading the magnitude of the adjusted angle; the upper plate 43 of the angle adjustment device, the spherical angle adjustment device 44, and the lower plate 45 of the angle adjustment device together constitute an alignment device to achieve the transmission of the load during the application of the axial load, and further achieve the adjustment of the parallelism misalignment problem during the axial loading process and the eccentric axial loading at the misalignment angle; the lower end of the lower plate 45 of the angle adjustment device is provided as a collar for applying the load to the outer ring of the multi-row series thrust bearing 3 when the movable crossbeam 63 moves up and down; the lock nut 47 is tightened on the fixed locking bolt to achieve the control and locking of the parallelism. When the left and right sides are tightened downward and upward respectively, a certain angle θ appears between the lower plate 45 of the angle adjustment device and the upper plate 43 of the angle adjustment device, achieving parallel alignment axial loading and eccentric axial loading at a specific angle θ; A and B are the positions of the left and right ends of the lower plate 45 of the angle adjustment device in the parallel alignment state respectively, A1 and B1 are the deflection angle positions of the lower plate 45 of the angle adjustment device after the left nut is tightened downward and the right nut is tightened upward respectively, and the position where the collar on the lower plate 45 of the angle adjustment device deflects by the angle θ compared to the parallel alignment. D is the diameter of the collar on the lower plate 45 of the angle adjustment device, and δ1 and δ2 are the left and right displacements. The deflection angle θ of the parallelism adjustment device 4 can be calculated through the formula:

[0054]

[0055] The above-disclosed are only the preferred embodiments of the present application. Of course, the scope of the rights of the present application cannot be limited thereby. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present application still fall within the scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-column series thrust bearing test testing machine in a rotating state, characterized in that: It includes a rotation drive device (1), a parallelism adjustment device (4), an axial loading device (5) and a vertical support frame (6); the vertical support frame (6) includes a fixed crossbeam (61), a movable crossbeam (63), columns (66) and a support workbench (67); the columns (66) are sequentially connected to the fixed crossbeam (61), the movable crossbeam (63) and the support workbench (67) from top to bottom; a rotation drive device (1) is arranged on the lower end face of the support workbench (67), and multiple columns of series-connected thrust bearings (3) to be detected are arranged on the upper end face; an axial loading device (5) is arranged on the fixed crossbeam (61); the axial loading device (5) is connected to the upper end face of the movable crossbeam (63), and a parallelism adjustment device (4) is arranged on the lower end face of the movable crossbeam (63).

2. The multi-column series thrust bearing test and testing machine in a rotating state according to claim 1, wherein: Bearing seat fixing holes (68) are arranged on the support workbench (67); pressure sensor fixing holes (65) are arranged on the movable crossbeam (63); hydraulic cylinder fixing holes (62) are arranged on the fixed crossbeam (61); the bearing seat fixing holes (68), the pressure sensor fixing holes (65) and the hydraulic cylinder fixing holes (62) are coaxially arranged.

3. The multi-column series thrust bearing test and testing machine in a rotating state according to claim 1, wherein: The rotation drive device (1) includes a drive motor (11), a motor connecting seat (12), a housing (13), a coupling (14), a main shaft (15), a thrust bearing (16), an inner spacer ring (17), a bearing seat (18), a bearing connecting seat (19), and an electric slip ring (24); the upper fixed end face of the drive motor (11) is fixed to the housing (13) through the motor connecting seat (12), and the output shaft of the drive motor (11) is connected to the coupling (14); the motor connecting seat (12) is installed between the fixed end face of the drive motor (11) and the lower end face of the housing (13); the upper end of the housing (13) is fixed to the support workbench (67), and the lower end fixes the drive motor (11) through the motor connecting seat (12); the coupling (14) connects the output shaft of the drive motor (11) and the main shaft (15); the thrust bearing (16) is installed on the main shaft (15), with three rows of thrust bearings (16) arranged in parallel, and the adjacent two thrust bearings (16) are connected by the inner spacer ring (17); the bearing seat (18) is fixedly connected to the support workbench (67) with bolts; the lower end of the bearing connecting seat (19) is connected to the main shaft (15), and the upper end of the bearing connecting seat (19) places multiple columns of series-connected thrust bearings (3); a first through hole (111) is opened on the housing (13); the electric slip ring (24) is arranged between the coupling (14) and a second through hole (112) on the main shaft (15), and is connected to the lower end face of the bearing seat (18); the thrust bearing (16) is inside the bearing seat (18), the lower ring of the thrust bearing (16) contacts the bearing seat (18), the upper ring of the thrust bearing (16) is connected to the main shaft sleeve (15-1), the main shaft sleeve (15-1) is sleeved on the main shaft (15), and there is a gap between them; the bearing connecting seat (19) and the main shaft sleeve (15-1) are connected, the main shaft (15) passes through multiple columns of series-connected thrust bearings (3), and there is a gap between them; a convex ring is provided at one end of the main shaft (15) away from the drive motor (11), and the convex ring contacts the upper ring of the multiple columns of series-connected thrust bearings (3).

4. The multi-column series thrust bearing test and testing machine in a rotating state according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parallelism adjustment device (4) includes a pair of fixed locking bolts (41), a pair of fixed bolts (42), an upper plate of the angle adjustment device (43), a spherical angle adjustment device (44), a lower plate of the angle adjustment device (45), a graduated sleeve (46), and a locking nut (47); the fixed locking bolts (41) and the fixed bolts (42) jointly fix the upper plate of the angle adjustment device (43) and the lower plate of the angle adjustment device (45) to the movable crossbeam (63); the lower end of the lower plate of the angle adjustment device (45) is set as a ferrule, and the ferrule contacts the upper ring of the multiple columns of series-connected thrust bearings (3); the locking nut (47) is threadedly connected to the fixed locking bolt (41).

5. The multi-column series thrust bearing test and testing machine in a rotating state according to claim 1, wherein: The axial loading device (5) comprises a hydraulic cylinder fixing seat (51), a piston rod (52), a bolt (53) and a pressure sensor (54); the hydraulic cylinder fixing seat (51) is fixed to the upper end of a fixed crossbeam (61); the pressure sensor (54) is installed at the lower end of the piston rod (52) and is connected to the movable crossbeam (63); the pressure sensor (54) is fixed to the movable crossbeam (63) by the bolt (53); and the upper end of the piston rod (52) passes through the hydraulic cylinder fixing seat (51) and the fixed crossbeam (61).

6. The multi-column series thrust bearing test and testing machine in a rotating state according to claim 3, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a test system (2); the test system (2) comprises a displacement sensor (21), an outer spacer strain gauge sensor (22) and an inner spacer strain gauge sensor (23); the displacement sensor (21) is installed on the side of a fixed crossbeam (61) by means of bolts, and the pull rod of the displacement sensor (21) is connected to a fixed block (64) provided on the side of the movable crossbeam (63); the test circuit of the outer spacer strain gauge sensor (22) is directly connected to a collection device (25); the spindle (1 5) is a hollow shaft, a second through hole (112) is provided on the side wall of the main shaft (15), and the second through hole (112) is communicated with the inner cavity of the hollow shaft; the test circuit of the inner spacer strain gauge sensor (23) is drawn to the inner ring of the electric slip ring (24) through the inner cavity of the hollow shaft of the multi-row series thrust bearing (3) and the passage formed by the second through hole (112) on the main shaft (15), and is led out through the outer ring of the electric slip ring (24), and then connected to the collection device (25) through the first through hole (111) on the shell.

7. The multi-column series thrust bearing test and testing machine in a rotating state according to claim 6, characterized in that: The strain gauges of the outer spacer strain gauge sensor (22) and the strain gauges of the inner spacer strain gauge sensor (23) are evenly distributed and pasted on the middle surfaces of the inner and outer spacer rings to be measured along the axial direction of the bearing and the circumferential direction of the outer and inner spacer rings, and six strain gauges are evenly distributed on each spacer ring.

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