Three-line pendulum experiment device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanics experiment instruments, and provides a three-line pendulum experiment device which comprises a vertical frame, a cycloid assembly, a line wheel, a worm gear and a worm. The cycloid assembly is arranged on the vertical frame and comprises a pull rope; the line wheel is rotationally arranged in the driving cavity, the pull rope extends into the driving cavity and is wound outside the line wheel, and the line wheel is used for winding and unwinding the cycloid assembly; the worm gear is arranged in the driving cavity and is in transmission connection with the line wheel so as to drive the line wheel to rotate through the worm gear. According to the three-line pendulum experiment device, the cycloid assembly is integrally retracted and released through the arranged line wheel so as to adjust the extension length of the pull rope, a locking assembly of the pull rope is formed through cooperation of the worm gear and the worm, and when the length of the pull rope is not adjusted, the pull rope can be directly prevented from being pulled out under the gravity effect of the wobble plate through the worm gear and the worm, so that the pull rope is prevented from being pulled out. And therefore, other locking modes are not needed to fix the pull rope, and the convenience degree of experimental operation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical experimental instruments, in particular to a three-wire pendulum experimental device. Background Technique

[0002] The three-wire pendulum is a commonly used experimental instrument in the experiment of measuring the moment of inertia of an object in a college physics experiment. The existing three-wire pendulum includes a bracket, an upper disk, a lower disk, and three suspension lines arranged between the upper disk and the lower disk. Among them, the lower disk is used to place the object to be measured, and the moment of inertia of the object to be measured is measured by using the changes in the rotation period and mass of the three-wire pendulum before and after placing the object to be measured.

[0003] For example, a three-wire pendulum with a publication number of CN107389265A avoids the lateral swing of the lower disk by arranging two opposite magnets, and does not generate additional resistance to the rotation of the lower disk, nor does it generate a force in the up and down directions. It can measure the moment of inertia of an object rotating non-around the center of mass and the moment of inertia of an object rotating around the center of mass, thus having a high measurement accuracy.

[0004] However, in the above scheme, during the experiment, the length of the three wires cannot be directly changed to adjust the experimental parameters. If the length of the three wires needs to be changed, it is necessary to pull up or lower the pendulum wire, horizontally adjust the lower disk, and finally fix the pendulum wire. The operation is relatively complex and is not conducive to the efficient completion of the experiment. Content of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of this, the utility model provides a three-wire pendulum experimental device, which winds and unwinds the whole pendulum wire assembly through a set wire wheel to adjust the extended length of the pulling rope. At the same time, the set worm and worm gear have a self-locking effect. After adjusting the position of the pendulum wire assembly, it can be directly locked by the worm and worm gear, and there is no need to fix the pulling rope on the pendulum wire assembly anymore, which greatly facilitates the experimental operation of the user.

[0006] The technical solution of the utility model is realized as follows: The utility model provides a three-wire pendulum experimental device, including an upright frame, a pendulum wire assembly, a wire wheel, a worm gear and a worm, wherein,

[0007] A driving cavity is arranged on the upright frame;

[0008] The pendulum wire assembly is arranged on the upright frame, and the pendulum wire assembly includes a pulling rope;

[0009] The wire wheel is rotatably arranged in the driving cavity, the pulling rope extends into the driving cavity and is wound around the outside of the wire wheel, and the wire wheel is used for winding and lowering the pendulum wire assembly;

[0010] The worm gear is arranged in the driving cavity and is in transmission connection with the wire wheel to drive the wire wheel to rotate through the worm gear;

[0011] The worm is arranged in the driving cavity and meshes with the worm wheel.

[0012] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, it further includes a first rotating shaft and a second rotating shaft, wherein,

[0013] The first rotating shaft is arranged in the driving cavity, and both the wire wheel and the worm wheel are fixed on the first rotating shaft;

[0014] The second rotating shaft is arranged in the driving cavity, and the central axis of the second rotating shaft is perpendicular to the central axis of the first rotating shaft, and the worm is fixed on the second rotating shaft.

[0015] Further preferably, it further includes a hand wheel, and the hand wheel is arranged on the vertical frame and is in transmission connection with the worm.

[0016] Even more preferably, it further includes a gear assembly. The gear assembly is arranged in the driving cavity, and the hand wheel and the worm are in transmission connection through the gear assembly.

[0017] Even more preferably, the gear assembly includes two bevel gears. One of the two bevel gears is coaxially fixed with the hand wheel, and the other is fixed on the second rotating shaft, and the two bevel gears mesh with each other.

[0018] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the vertical frame includes a support and a housing, wherein,

[0019] The support is vertically arranged on the horizontal plane, and the cycloid assembly extends to the outside of the support;

[0020] The housing is fixed on the top of the support, and the driving cavity is located inside the housing. A wire outlet hole is provided on the housing, and the pulling rope extends into the driving cavity through the wire outlet hole.

[0021] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the cycloid assembly further includes a swing plate, and the swing plate is fixed to one end of the pulling rope so as to be hung on the vertical frame through the pulling rope.

[0022] Further preferably, it further includes a bearing assembly. The bearing assembly includes a carrier plate. The carrier plate is slidably arranged on the vertical frame. The swing plate is horizontally placed on the carrier plate, and the carrier plate is used to position the swing plate.

[0023] Further preferably, the bearing assembly further includes a driving mechanism. The driving mechanism is arranged on the vertical frame and is in transmission connection with the carrier plate to drive the carrier plate to move up and down.

[0024] Even more preferably, a positioning port is provided on the swing plate, and a column is arranged on the carrier plate. The column is inserted into the positioning port to limit the swing of the swing plate.

[0025] The three-wire pendulum experimental device of the present utility model has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0026] (1) The overall take-up and pay-out of the cycloid component is carried out through the provided wire wheels to adjust the extended length of the pull rope. The cooperation between the worm gear and the worm forms a locking component for the pull rope. When the length of the pull rope is not adjusted, the pull rope can be directly prevented from being pulled out under the gravity of the pendulum plate by the worm gear and the worm, thus eliminating the need to use other locking methods to fix the pull rope and improving the convenience of the experimental operation.

[0027] (2) A driving mechanism is provided, and the carrier plate can be directly driven by the driving mechanism to move up and down to adapt to the position of the pendulum plate after the pull rope is adjusted. During the experiment, when the carrier plate leaves the pendulum plate, the pendulum plate can start to swing, avoiding the eccentric swing of the pendulum plate caused by the user's hand operation of the pendulum plate, which is more conducive to the rapid and stable progress of the experiment. Description of the Drawings

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the three-wire pendulum experimental device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A in

[0031] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of the housing of the three-wire pendulum experimental device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a sectional view of the housing of the three-wire pendulum experimental device of the present invention from another perspective. Detailed Embodiments

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] As Figures 1-4 shown, the three-wire pendulum experimental device of the present invention includes a vertical frame 1, a cycloid component 2, a wire wheel 3, a worm gear 4 and a worm 5.

[0035] The vertical frame 1 is the main structural component of this device, used for installing and supporting various parts, etc. It is preferably made of metal materials such as stainless steel to improve structural stability and anti-vibration ability. A driving cavity is provided on the vertical frame 1.

[0036] Specifically, the vertical frame 1 includes a support 11 and a housing 12. The support 11 is vertically arranged on the horizontal plane, and the cycloid assembly 2 extends to the outside of the support 11. The housing 12 is fixed on the top of the support 11, and the driving cavity is located inside the housing 12. An outlet hole is provided on the housing 12, and the pulling rope 21 extends into the driving cavity through the outlet hole.

[0037] The vertical frame 11 is a vertical hollow column, which can be quadrangular prism-shaped. The housing 12 is an overall metal square shell. The housing 12 is fixed on the uppermost part of the vertical frame 11 by means of bolts or welding, etc. The inside of the housing 12 is the driving cavity. A cover plate is also provided on the housing 12. The cover plate can be fixed to the housing 12 by screws. The internal situation of the housing 12 can be observed by opening the cover plate for maintenance and other operations.

[0038] In addition, the vertical frame 1 also includes a base. During the experiment of this device, the lower plate needs to be parallel to the horizontal plane. In order to ensure that the vertical frame 1 can be placed on an uneven surface or an inclined surface, a number of adjustable feet are provided on the base 1. By adjusting the protruding lengths of the respective adjustable feet, the relative angle between the overall device and the placed plane can be changed.

[0039] The cycloid assembly 2 is arranged on the vertical frame 1. The cycloid assembly 2 includes a pulling rope 21 and a swinging plate 22. The swinging plate 22 is fixed to one end of the pulling rope 21 to be suspended on the vertical frame 1 through the pulling rope 21.

[0040] The number of the pulling ropes 21 is three, and the ends connected to the swinging plate 22 are distributed annularly around the outside of the swinging plate 22 at intervals of sixty degrees, forming a stable support for the swinging plate 22. At the same time, the protruding lengths of the pulling ropes 21 on the vertical frame 1 are the same, so as to ensure that the swinging plate 22 is parallel to the horizontal plane. The ends of the pulling ropes 21 away from the swinging plate 22 extend into the housing 12.

[0041] The wire wheels 3 are rotatably arranged in the driving cavity. The pulling ropes 21 extend into the driving cavity and are wound around the outside of the wire wheels 3. The wire wheels 3 are used for winding and lowering the cycloid assembly 2. The number of the wire wheels 3 is three, and they have the same diameter. The three wire wheels 3 are all located on the same axis and are relatively fixed to achieve synchronous rotation, so as to perform synchronous winding and unwinding operations on the three pulling ropes 21.

[0042] In this embodiment, three reversing wheels are further provided. The three reversing wheels are rotatably arranged in the housing 12. The three reversing wheels are located on the same horizontal plane. At the same time, the three pulling ropes 21 respectively pass through the three reversing wheels and then extend downward out of the housing 12. The position connection lines of the three reversing wheels for releasing the pulling ropes 21 form an equilateral triangle, and the center of the circle where the equilateral triangle is located is on the same straight line as the center of the swing plate 22. In addition, three rope outlet holes are opened at the bottom of the housing 12, and the three pulling ropes 21 respectively extend out of the housing 12 through the three rope outlet holes.

[0043] The worm gear 4 is arranged in the driving cavity and is in transmission connection with the wire wheel 3 to drive the wire wheel 3 to rotate through the worm gear 4. Specifically, the worm gear 4 can be coaxially connected with the wire wheel 3 to directly drive the three wire wheels 3 to rotate in the same direction through the worm gear 4, and complete the synchronous winding and unwinding actions of the three pulling ropes 21.

[0044] The worm 5 is arranged in the driving cavity and meshes with the worm gear 4. In this embodiment, the worm 5 is the driving part of the worm gear 4. On the worm 5, an electric drive or other devices can be connected to realize electric control rotation, or the worm 5 can be directly driven manually to adjust the extending length of the pulling rope 21 during the experiment. The extending length described here refers to the length of the pulling rope 21 from the driving cavity to the swing plate 22. In addition, the cooperation of the worm gear 4 and the worm 5 forms a locking assembly for the pulling rope 21. When the length of the pulling rope 21 is not adjusted, the pulling rope 21 can be directly blocked from being pulled out under the gravity of the swing plate 22 by the worm gear 4 and the worm 5, so that there is no need to use other locking methods to fix the pulling rope 21, improving the convenience of the experimental operation.

[0045] In this embodiment, a first rotating shaft 6 and a second rotating shaft 7 are further provided. The first rotating shaft 6 is arranged in the driving cavity, and the wire wheel 3 and the worm gear 4 are both fixed on the first rotating shaft 6. The second rotating shaft 7 is arranged in the driving cavity, and the central axis of the second rotating shaft 7 is perpendicular to the central axis of the first rotating shaft 6. The worm 5 is fixed on the second rotating shaft 7.

[0046] This setting enables the second rotating shaft 7 to be rotated directly by driving the second rotating shaft 7 through the cooperation of the worm gear 4 and the worm 5, avoiding the situation that the first rotating shaft 6 cannot rotate directly when the worm gear 4 and the worm 5 are in the locked state. The second rotating shaft 7 is also the direct driving shaft for adjusting the length of the pulling rope 21 in this device.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment, a hand wheel 8 is further included. The hand wheel 8 is arranged on the vertical frame 1 and is in transmission connection with the worm 5.

[0048] The user can directly drive the second rotating shaft 7 to rotate by rotating the hand wheel 8, and then drive the worm gear 4 and the worm 5 to rotate in cooperation to directly adjust the length of the pulling rope 21, so as to achieve more convenient control.

[0049] In addition, a retracting and extending motor is fixed on the outer shell 12. The output end of the retracting and extending motor is directly coaxial with the second rotating shaft 7 and is in transmission connection to achieve the electric control of the retracting and extending of the pulling rope 21.

[0050] Since the retracting and extending motor is set to be coaxial with the second rotating shaft 7 and the handwheel 8 cannot be installed on the other side of the second rotating shaft 7 anymore, a gear assembly 9 is provided. The gear assembly 9 is arranged in the driving cavity. The handwheel 8 and the worm 5 are in transmission connection through the gear assembly 9. The gear assembly 9 drives the handwheel 8 to drive the second rotating shaft 7 to rotate, so that the installation angle of the handwheel 8 is different from that of the retracting and extending motor, or the installation positions of the handwheel 8 and the retracting and extending motor are staggered, thereby realizing the dual control of the handwheel 8 and the retracting and extending motor, that is, during the experiment, the user can directly adjust the length of the pulling rope 21 manually or electrically.

[0051] Specifically, the gear assembly 9 includes two bevel gears 91. One of the two bevel gears 91 is fixedly coaxial with the handwheel 8, and the other is fixed on the second rotating shaft 7. The two bevel gears 91 are meshed with each other.

[0052] The installation positions between the handwheel 8 and the retracting and extending motor are changed by the cooperation of the two bevel gears 91. The handwheel 8 is arranged on the outer side in the horizontal direction of the outer shell 12, while the retracting and extending motor is fixed on the top of the outer shell 12, so that the rotation operation of the handwheel 8 is simpler and more convenient.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, a bearing assembly 10 is further included. The bearing assembly 10 includes a carrier plate 101. The carrier plate 101 is slidably arranged on the vertical frame 1. The swing plate 22 is horizontally placed on the carrier plate 101. The carrier plate 101 is used to position the swing plate 22.

[0054] By pre-positioning the swing plate 22 through the provided bearing assembly 10 before the experiment, the initial swing angle of the swing plate 22 during the experiment can be controlled, and thus it is more convenient to conduct an accurate experiment.

[0055] Specifically, the bearing assembly 10 further includes a driving mechanism 102. The driving mechanism 102 is arranged on the vertical frame 1 and is in transmission connection with the carrier plate 101 to drive the carrier plate 101 to move up and down.

[0056] The driving mechanism 102 includes a driving motor and a lead screw. The driving motor is fixed on the outer shell 12. The lead screw is rotatably arranged in the vertical frame 1, preferably arranged in the bracket of the vertical frame 1. The inside of the bracket is hollow, and installing the lead screw is more conducive to the spatial layout and will not expose the lead screw outside. On the outside of the bracket, a sliding opening is provided. The carrier plate 101 extends into the inside of the bracket through the sliding opening and is threadedly connected to the lead screw. The bracket plays a guiding role for the carrier plate 101. The carrier plate 101 can be directly driven by the cooperation of the driving motor and the lead screw to move up and down to adapt to the position of the swing plate 22 after the pulling rope 21 is adjusted. During the experiment, when the carrier plate 101 leaves the swing plate 22, the swing plate 22 can start to swing, avoiding the eccentric swing of the swing plate 22 caused by the user's hand operation of the swing plate 22, which is more conducive to the rapid and stable progress of the experiment.

[0057] In addition, a positioning opening is provided on the swing plate 22, and a column is provided on the carrier plate 101. The column is inserted into the positioning opening to limit the swing of the swing plate 22. When the driving mechanism 102 drives the carrier plate 101 to move down and the column leaves the positioning opening, the swing plate 22 can be separated from the restriction of the carrier plate 101 and perform a swing experiment. Compared with the prior art in which positioning is performed through friction, the form of using the cooperation of the column and the positioning opening to position the swing plate 22 avoids excessive angular errors caused by insufficient contact and is more stable and accurate for the experiment.

[0058] During the actual experiment process, the initial swing angle of the swing plate 22 will be selected within 5°. After exceeding this angle, the external influence becomes larger and the accuracy of the experimental results will be reduced. Therefore, a rotating part is also provided on the carrier plate 101. The column is arranged on the rotating part. The rotating part can rotate relative to the carrier plate 101 within 5° to cooperate with the swing plate 22 to complete the experiment.

[0059] In addition, in order to realize the visualization of the experimental height parameters, a displacement sensor is also fixedly arranged on the outer shell 12. The distance between the outer shell 12 and the swing plate 22 is detected by the displacement sensor to determine the experimental related parameters. The displacement sensor is preferably an ultrasonic ranging sensor.

[0060] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-wire pendulum experimental device, characterized in that: It includes an upright frame (1), a cycloid component (2), a wire wheel (3), a worm gear (4) and a worm (5). Among them, a drive cavity is provided on the upright frame (1); the cycloid component (2) is arranged on the upright frame (1), and the cycloid component (2) includes a pull rope (21); the wire wheel (3) is rotatably arranged in the drive cavity, the pull rope (21) extends into the drive cavity and is wound around the outside of the wire wheel (3), and the wire wheel (3) is used for winding and lowering the cycloid component (2); the worm gear (4) is arranged in the drive cavity and is in transmission connection with the wire wheel (3) to drive the wire wheel (3) to rotate through the worm gear (4); the worm (5) is arranged in the drive cavity and meshes with the worm gear (4).

2. The three-wire pendulum experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a first rotating shaft (6) and a second rotating shaft (7). Among them, the first rotating shaft (6) is arranged in the drive cavity, and both the wire wheel (3) and the worm gear (4) are fixed on the first rotating shaft (6); the second rotating shaft (7) is arranged in the drive cavity, and the central axis of the second rotating shaft (7) is perpendicular to the central axis of the first rotating shaft (6), and the worm (5) is fixed on the second rotating shaft (7).

3. The three-wire pendulum experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It further includes a hand wheel (8), and the hand wheel (8) is arranged on the upright frame (1) and is in transmission connection with the worm (5).

4. The three-wire pendulum experimental device according to claim 3, wherein: It further includes a gear assembly (9), the gear assembly (9) is arranged in the drive cavity, and the hand wheel (8) and the worm (5) are in transmission connection through the gear assembly (9).

5. The three-wire pendulum experimental device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gear assembly (9) includes two bevel gears (91), one of the two bevel gears (91) is coaxially fixed with the hand wheel (8), the other is fixed on the second rotating shaft (7), and the two bevel gears (91) mesh with each other.

6. The three-wire pendulum experimental device according to claim 1, wherein: The upright frame (1) includes a bracket (11) and a housing (12). Among them, the bracket (11) is vertically arranged on the horizontal plane, and the cycloid component (2) extends to the outside of the bracket (11); the housing (12) is fixed on the top of the bracket (11), and the drive cavity is located inside the housing (12). An outlet hole is provided on the housing (12), and the pull rope (21) extends into the drive cavity through the outlet hole.

7. The three-wire pendulum experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cycloid component (2) further includes a swing plate (22), and the swing plate (22) is fixed to one end of the pull rope (21) to be hung on the upright frame (1) through the pull rope (21).

8. The three-wire pendulum experimental device according to claim 7, wherein: It further includes a bearing component (10), the bearing component (10) includes a carrier plate (101), the carrier plate (101) is slidably arranged on the upright frame (1), the swing plate (22) is horizontally placed on the carrier plate (101), and the carrier plate (101) is used for positioning the swing plate (22).

9. The three-wire pendulum experimental device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bearing component (10) further includes a drive mechanism (102), the drive mechanism (102) is arranged on the upright frame (1) and is in transmission connection with the carrier plate (101) to drive the carrier plate (101) to lift.

10. The three-wire pendulum experimental device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A positioning hole is provided on the swing plate (22), and a column is provided on the carrier plate (101), and the column is inserted into the positioning hole to limit the swing of the swing plate (22).

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