Experimental device for simulating influence of multiple factors on growth of aquatic plants

Abstract

The utility model relates to an experimental device for simulating the influence of multiple factors on the growth of aquatic plants, which comprises an environmental factor control unit, a water level and water flow rate control unit and a water body on-line monitoring unit, the environmental factor control unit comprises an illumination control system, a temperature control system, a DO control system and a pH control system, the water level and water flow rate control unit comprises an incubator water level control system and an aquatic plant growth basket control system, and the water body on-line monitoring unit (39) comprises monitoring sensors of water body N, P and COD parameters. By simulating factors such as water level, hydrodynamic force, dissolved oxygen, illumination, temperature, pH value and the like, accurate and systematic experimental data is provided for field practice.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an experimental device, in particular to an experimental device for simulating the influence of multiple factors on the growth of aquatic plants. Background Art

[0002] Water pollution control has become a worldwide problem today. The key to solving the water pollution problem is to regulate the structure of the aquatic ecosystem, so as to restore its natural, healthy and stable functions of the aquatic ecosystem and improve the biological purification ability of the aquatic ecosystem. At present, through artificial or natural propagation means, the reconstruction of the community of aquatic plants and the restoration of the functions of the aquatic ecosystem have gradually become an important part of water pollution control and renovation projects. However, in field practice, it is often difficult for aquatic plants to survive in large areas to form stable populations or communities. In this background environment, it is of great significance to simulate and study the growth mechanism of aquatic plants through effective experimental devices.

[0003] In the prior art, experiments on simulating the growth of aquatic plants are usually carried out in relatively simple containers. For example, the Chinese scientific and technological paper "Research on the influencing factors of the restoration and reconstruction of common submerged plants in eutrophic water bodies" (Master's thesis of Shanghai Ocean University, Zhao Fengbin, 2012) discloses a simple cultivation device for cultivating submerged plants. The device is set in the comprehensive demonstration area of ecological restoration in Dianshan Lake. The test Vallisneria natans retains its roots and 20 cm leaves upwards and is transplanted into a nutrient bowl filled with soil (diameter, height 10 cm × 9.5 cm). 4 plants are transplanted into each nutrient bowl, and the nutrient bowls with planted plants are closely placed in a plastic frame. 12 nutrient bowls are placed in each frame, and 3 groups of plastic frames are hung at each water layer as parallel experiments. The experiment sets four different water layers of 0.5 m, 1.0 m, 1.5 m and 2.0 m, and the plastic frames are vertically hung on two cross-shaped tied bamboo poles with iron wires of corresponding lengths. Floats are tied on both sides and in the middle of each bamboo pole to increase its buoyancy, and each plastic basket is fixed with 4 vertical piles to reduce the influence of wind and waves. By detecting biological indexes such as dissolved oxygen in water, light intensity, water temperature at each water layer, and plant height, plant weight, number of leaves, root length, survival rate of Vallisneria natans, etc., the influence of different water depths on the growth of submerged plants can be studied.

[0004] In addition to the above self-made simple experimental device, Chinese patent document CN202310786U also discloses a submerged plant cultivation and test device that can simulate river water bodies. This device consists of a flowing water tank and a storage water tank, with a certain height difference between them. The water in the flowing water tank falls into the storage water tank by gravity, and the two are connected in a cycle by a water pump with adjustable flow rate. When conducting an experiment, the pre-cultivated submerged plants are fixed on the submerged plant fixing columns with holes at the bottom of the flowing water tank. By using an adjustable circulating water pump, water bodies with different flow velocities are generated in the device, and the water depth can be controlled by adjusting the height of the outlet gate-type baffle, so as to achieve the purpose of simulating natural rivers and meet different needs of submerged plant research.

[0005] Although the above simulation device can realize the cultivation experiment of aquatic plants under laboratory conditions, whether it is the simple device in the wild in the prior art or the experimental device with an adjustable water circulation pump in the laboratory, its starting point is to study the influence of a single water environment index such as water level, water flow velocity, light, temperature, nutrient salts, pH, etc. on the growth of aquatic plants. The growth process of aquatic plants is affected by water depth, water dynamics, light, physical and chemical factors, and other uncontrollable factors, and the influence degrees of these environmental factors are not necessarily equivalent, which makes it usually difficult for researchers to obtain accurate and systematic experimental data during the experiment.

[0006] Although from the perspective of conducting laboratory experiments, to simulate the natural environment of aquatic plants at different elevations, it can be achieved by setting multiple experimental containers with different liquid levels, but this will undoubtedly make the experimental device more complex and increase its operation difficulty.

[0007] Regarding the research on the growth conditions of aquatic plants, the prior art mainly has two methods: field experiments and laboratory cultivation. It is difficult to set the gradient changes of influencing factors such as elevation, flow velocity, and light according to the experimental objectives in field experiments, and it is usually difficult to obtain accurate and systematic experimental data. The existing devices under laboratory conditions have relatively single functions and have the following problems: (1) There is insufficient dynamic and quantitative research on the influence mechanism of relevant influencing factors on the growth of aquatic plants; (2) Considering the internal connections and interactions of multiple factors, there are few comprehensive studies carried out; (3) The experimental results cannot effectively guide field practice.

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to design a comprehensive experimental device that can simulate the influence of multiple factors on the growth of aquatic plants to provide accurate and systematic experimental data for field practice. Utility Model Content

[0009] The object of the present utility model is to address the problems existing in the prior art and propose an experimental device for simulating the effects of multiple factors on the growth of aquatic plants, which can simulate comprehensive experimental devices for factors such as water level, hydrodynamic force, dissolved oxygen, light, temperature, and pH, and provide accurate and systematic experimental data for field practice.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present utility model provides an experimental device for simulating the effects of multiple factors on the growth of aquatic plants, including an environmental factor control unit, a water level and water flow rate control unit, and a water body on-line monitoring unit. The environmental factor control unit includes a light control system, a temperature control system, a DO control system, and a pH control system. The water level and water flow rate control unit includes a culture tank water level control system and an aquatic plant growth basket control system. The water body on-line monitoring unit includes monitoring sensors for water body N, P, and COD parameters.

[0011] The light control system is arranged above the inner side of the culture tank and includes a light source with adjustable illuminance.

[0012] The temperature control system includes a temperature sensor, a heater, a cooler, and a temperature control device arranged in the culture tank.

[0013] The DO control system includes a nitrogen cylinder and an oxygen cylinder arranged in a gas cylinder storage cabinet, an air pipeline connecting the nitrogen cylinder and the oxygen cylinder to the culture tank, and a dissolved oxygen control device.

[0014] The pH control system includes a precision metering pump, a pH sensor, a chemical medicine storage tank, and a pH control device. The control cabinet adjusts and controls the precision metering pump to add acid solution or alkali solution from the chemical medicine storage tank.

[0015] The culture tank water level control system includes a water pipeline connecting the upper and lower parts of the culture tank, a water level / flow rate control device, and an electronic scale.

[0016] The aquatic plant growth basket control system includes a lifting cable arranged at the top inside the culture tank and an aquatic plant growth basket arranged at the bottom of the lifting cable.

[0017] Preferably, the temperature adjustment range of the temperature control device is 0 - 50 °C.

[0018] Preferably, the dissolved oxygen control device includes a dissolved oxygen sensor, a controller, and an aerator.

[0019] Preferably, the light source includes a lamp tube, a lamp tube circuit, and an adjustable resistor.

[0020] Based on the above technical solutions, the advantages of the present utility model are:

[0021] The experimental device of the present utility model is used to simulate the influence of multiple factors on the growth of aquatic plants. By simulating factors such as water level, water dynamics, dissolved oxygen, light, temperature, and acidity, the purpose of simulating natural water bodies is achieved through the environmental factor control unit and the water level / water flow rate control unit. With the liftable aquatic plant growth basket, the elevation gradient can be set as needed, providing accurate and systematic experimental data for field practice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present utility model and form a part of this application. The schematic embodiments of the present utility model and their descriptions are used to explain the present utility model and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present utility model. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 The gas cylinder storage cabinet of the present utility model for placing nitrogen cylinders and oxygen cylinders is shown;

[0024] Figure 2 The structural diagram of the control cabinet of the present utility model for controlling environmental factors, water level, and automatically sampling and monitoring is shown;

[0025] Figure 3 The structural diagram of the incubator of the present utility model for cultivating aquatic plants is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0027] The present utility model provides an experimental device for simulating the influence of multiple factors on the growth of aquatic plants, as Figures 1 to 3 shown, in which a preferred embodiment of the present utility model is shown.

[0028] Specifically, the experimental device includes an environmental factor control unit, a water level and water flow rate control unit, and a water body on-line monitoring unit. The environmental factor control unit includes a light control system, a temperature control system, a DO control system, and a pH control system. The water level and water flow rate control unit includes an incubator water level control system and an aquatic plant growth basket control system. The water body on-line monitoring unit 39 includes monitoring sensors for water body N, P, and COD parameters.

[0029] The light control system is arranged above the inner side of the incubator 38 and includes a light source 35 with adjustable illuminance. The incubator 38 is provided with a light source 35 facing each plant growth basket 37, and the intensity of light can be regulated. Preferably, the light source 35 includes a lamp tube, a lamp tube circuit, and an adjustable resistor. By changing the current passing through the lamp tube through the adjustable resistor, the light intensity is changed to achieve precise adjustment and control of the light of the device.

[0030] A lighting device is set above the incubator, and there is a lighting control system connected to the lighting device. During the experiment, different lighting conditions can be simulated. The dimming method is to control the brightness by adjusting the current of the LED lamp at different gears. Simulate sunlight through the lighting control system, simulate sunlight by turning on and off the light power supply at different times, and simulate different light intensities by adjusting different brightness levels at different gears.

[0031] The temperature control system includes a temperature sensor, a heater, a cooler, and a temperature control device 40 set in the incubator 38; preferably, the temperature adjustment range of the temperature control device 40 is 0 - 50 °C. The temperature sensor can monitor the temperature change in real time, and the temperature control device 40 realizes the precise adjustment and control of the equipment temperature by controlling the heater and the cooler.

[0032] Furthermore, the DO control system includes a nitrogen cylinder and an oxygen cylinder set in the gas cylinder storage cabinet, an air supply pipeline connecting the nitrogen cylinder and the oxygen cylinder to the incubator 38, and a dissolved oxygen control device 42; preferably, the dissolved oxygen control device 42 includes a dissolved oxygen sensor, a controller, and an aeration pump. The dissolved oxygen sensor can monitor the change in the dissolved oxygen concentration of the equipment in real time, and the controller realizes the precise adjustment and control of the dissolved oxygen of the equipment by controlling the aeration pump. The air supply pipelines are respectively led into the container, and according to the test requirements, the DO concentration of the water body can be adjusted. Nitrogen is provided to reduce the DO concentration, and oxygen is provided to increase the DO concentration.

[0033] By setting an air supply device for each reaction flask, the air supply device includes an oxygen delivery pipe and a nitrogen delivery pipe connected to the reaction flask at one end, an oxygen cylinder is set at the other end of the oxygen delivery pipe, and a nitrogen cylinder is set at the other end of the nitrogen delivery pipe. During the experiment, when the DO content of the water sample in the incubator is low, the DO value can be increased by increasing the oxygen delivery amount, and when the DO content of the water sample in the incubator is high, the DO value can be decreased by increasing the nitrogen delivery amount, so as to realize the experimental simulation of natural water bodies in various dissolved oxygen states.

[0034] The pH control system includes a precision metering pump, a pH sensor, a chemical reagent storage tank, and a pH control device 41. The control cabinet adjusts and controls the precision metering pump to add acid solution or alkali solution from the chemical reagent storage tank. The pH of the water body solution can be adjusted according to the test requirements.

[0035] The utility model realizes the adjustment of the pH value during the experiment by setting an acid buffer solution storage tank and an alkali buffer solution storage tank above the incubator, and dripping acid solution and alkali solution into the incubator by using an acid solution delivery pipe and an alkali solution delivery pipe.

[0036] Specifically, first, the pH sensor detects the pH value of the liquid in the device and transmits it to the pH meter. Then, based on the set pH value, high and low control points are set on the pH meter. After comparing the input pH signal with the high and low set values, the pH meter outputs a switch signal or a proportional control signal to the control box, and the control cabinet adjusts and controls the metering pump to add acid or alkali solution.

[0037] As Figure 1 shown, the gas cylinder storage cabinet is equipped with nitrogen cylinders and oxygen cylinders. There is also an alarm light 1 for safety and fault alarms, an alarm bell 2 for safety and fault alarms, a transparent glass 3 for observing the internal situation, a warning sign 4 for identification, a door handle 5 for opening and closing the door, and the internal electrical control is completed through the control cabinet.

[0038] The overall control cabinet uses PLC module programming to achieve electrical control functions. As Figure 2 shown, the fault indicator light 6 is used to display the fault code, the operation indicator light 7 shows the operation status, the start button 8 serves as the start switch, the stop button 9 is used to stop, the control panel 10 is installed with a display screen and is equipped with various control buttons, the door handle 11 is used to open and close the door, the ventilation hole 12 is used for heat dissipation, the power indicator light 13 is used to display the power status, the power switch 14 is used to start the power supply, and the display screen 15 is used to display control information.

[0039] Furthermore, the up button 16, left button 17, down button 18, and right button 19 are used to set the direction, the set / confirm button is used for setting and confirmation, the 1# growth basket button 21, 2# growth basket button 22, 3# growth basket button 23, 4# growth basket button 24, and 5# growth basket button 25 respectively control multiple growth baskets, the time setting button 26 sets the time, the light intensity setting button 27 is used to set the light intensity, the pH setting button 28 is used to control the pH, the dissolved oxygen setting button 29 is used to control the solubility, the temperature setting button 30 is used to set the temperature, the water level setting button 31 is used to control the water level height, the flow rate setting button 32 is used to control the flow rate, the fault reset button 33 is used to reset the control system, and the emergency stop button 34 is used to stop the movement of moving parts in case of emergency.

[0040] The water level control system of the incubator includes a water pipe 44 connecting the upper and lower parts of the incubator 38, a water level / flow rate control device 43, and an electronic scale. According to different water level change situations and hydrographic rhythm scenarios, functions such as controlling the height and time of water level change, controlling the change of water flow rate, and periodic water replacement are realized.

[0041] Specifically, a water level / flow rate control device 43 is provided in the incubator. The water level / flow rate control device 43 includes: a power mechanism, a water outlet pipe and a water inlet pipe. One end of the water outlet pipe and the water inlet pipe is communicated with the power mechanism respectively, and the other end is communicated with the water body in the incubator; an operation module, which is connected to the power mechanism and is used for inputting the set values of the water level / water flow rate and the set time, and is suitable for sending commands to the conveying device to control the water supply volume of the water inlet pipe and the water pumping volume of the water outlet pipe. A float liquid level controller is also connected to the operation module. The float liquid level controller monitors the water level height in the incubator and transmits the monitored value to the operation module; an electronic flowmeter is also connected to the operation module. The electronic flowmeter monitors the water flow rate in the incubator and transmits the monitored value to the operation module.

[0042] Furthermore, the aquatic plant growth basket control system includes a lifting cable 36 provided at the top inside the incubator 38 and an aquatic plant growth basket 37 provided at the bottom of the lifting cable 36. The aquatic plant growth basket can be vertically adjusted according to different elevation gradients. The electronic scale can monitor the water level height, is connected to the water level control system, and automatically controls the water level adjustment.

[0043] A plurality of growth baskets with adjustable heights are provided in the incubator, and the plurality of growth baskets are arranged in gradients; due to the large actual area of rivers and lakes and large elevation fluctuations, it is impossible to set the elevation gradient change according to the experimental objectives in the field. However, through the setting of a plurality of growth baskets with adjustable heights, the elevation gradient of the growth of aquatic plants can be effectively simulated.

[0044] The water body on-line monitoring unit 39 includes monitoring sensors for the parameters of N, P and COD in the water body, which are used for monitoring the physical and chemical indexes of the water body, etc. By setting the water body on-line monitoring unit, the water sample parameters in the incubator can be monitored in real time, so that the experimental personnel can adjust each parameter in time during the experiment, which is beneficial to accurately monitoring and controlling the water body parameters during the whole experiment process and preventing the experiment process from being affected by uncontrollable factors.

[0045] When in use, the following steps can be referred to:

[0046] 1. Hang the growth basket for planting aquatic plants on the hook and set the elevation gradient as required.

[0047] 2. Start the water level and water flow rate control system, and set the corresponding water level height change and change time (the water level rises from low to high) according to the characteristics of the water level and water flow rate changes of the research object.

[0048] 3. Turn on the electronic scale and ensure the height of the injected lake water or river water according to the feedback of the electronic scale.

[0049] 4. According to the water body illumination, water temperature, pH value, and DO survey data corresponding to the water depth, combined with the transparency, temperature, pH value, and DO data obtained from the on-line water body monitoring, turn on the lighting equipment, heating / cooling equipment, acid-base adjustment equipment, and gas cylinder valves, adjust the DO concentration of the water body, and perform the adjustment required for the water depth experiment to simulate the experimental target or requirements.

[0050] 5. Regularly adjust the heights of the probes of the on-line water body monitoring system, the gas outlet of the gas cylinder, and the pH test probe, and keep them suspended in the water body.

[0051] 6. Start the on-line water body monitoring system and continuously observe the changes in the relevant parameters of the water body.

[0052] 7. According to the experimental purpose and requirements, take out the aquatic plants in the growth basket to detect the biomass and the relevant water body N, P, and COD parameters.

[0053] 8. Check the operation platform and the experiment is over.

[0054] The experimental device of the present utility model is used to simulate the influence of multiple factors on the growth of aquatic plants. By simulating factors such as water level, water dynamics, dissolved oxygen, illumination, temperature, and acidity, the purpose of simulating natural water bodies is achieved through the environmental factor control unit and the water level / water flow rate control unit. Through the liftable aquatic plant growth basket, the elevation gradient can be set as needed, providing accurate and systematic experimental data for field practice.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model and are not intended to limit them; although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it is still possible to modify the specific implementation manners of the present utility model or perform equivalent replacements for some technical features; without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present utility model, they should all be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed by the present utility model.

Claims

1. An experimental device for simulating the effects of multiple factors on the growth of aquatic plants, characterized in that: It includes an environmental factor control unit, a water level and water flow rate control unit, and an on-line water body monitoring unit. The environmental factor control unit includes a light control system, a temperature control system, a DO control system, and a pH control system. The water level and water flow rate control unit includes an incubator water level control system and an aquatic plant growth basket control system. The on-line water body monitoring unit (39) includes monitoring sensors for water body N, P, and COD parameters; The light control system is arranged above the inner side of the incubator (38) and includes a light source (35) with adjustable illuminance; The temperature control system includes a temperature sensor, a heater, a cooler, and a temperature control device (40) arranged in the incubator (38); The DO control system includes a nitrogen cylinder and an oxygen cylinder arranged in a gas cylinder storage cabinet, a gas pipeline connecting the nitrogen cylinder and the oxygen cylinder to the incubator (38), and a dissolved oxygen control device (42); The pH control system includes a precision metering pump, a pH sensor, a chemical medicine storage tank, and a pH control device (41). The control cabinet adjusts and controls the precision metering pump to add acid solution or alkali solution from the chemical medicine storage tank; The incubator water level control system includes a water pipeline (44) connecting the upper and lower parts of the incubator (38), a water level / flow rate control device (43), and an electronic scale; The aquatic plant growth basket control system includes a lifting cable (36) arranged at the top inside the incubator (38) and an aquatic plant growth basket (37) arranged at the bottom of the lifting cable (36).

2. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature adjustment range of the temperature control device (40) is 0 - 50 °C.

3. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dissolved oxygen control device (42) includes a dissolved oxygen sensor, a controller, and an aerator.

4. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light source (35) includes a lamp tube, a lamp tube circuit, and an adjustable resistor.

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