Vacuum melting furnace

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of electric furnaces, in particular to a vacuum melting furnace which comprises a supporting table, a first furnace shell fixed to the supporting table, a second furnace shell connected to the supporting table in a sliding mode, a locking mechanism arranged between the first furnace shell and the second furnace shell, a rotating shaft transversely arranged on the first furnace shell in a penetrating mode, and an induction coil fixed to the left end of the rotating shaft. A crucible is fixed in the induction coil, the right end of the rotating shaft is rotationally connected to the supporting base, a rotating handle is fixed to the rotating shaft, a lifting mechanism is fixed to the top of the second furnace shell, a stirring mechanism is arranged on the lifting mechanism, and a crucible cover body and a slag salvaging mechanism are arranged on the stirring mechanism; according to the utility model, feeding into the crucible is greatly facilitated, subsequent finished products can be conveniently taken out, the crucible cover body can be automatically added to the crucible in the smelting process, the heat preservation effect in the crucible is greatly improved, the smelting efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the energy is saved; and the homogeneity of smelted materials is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of electric furnaces, in particular to a vacuum melting furnace. Background Art

[0002] In the process of vacuum induction melting, eddy currents are generated during electromagnetic induction to melt metals. This process can be used to refine high-purity metals and alloys. It mainly includes vacuum induction furnace melting, levitation melting, and cold crucible melting. Since melting under vacuum can easily remove nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon dissolved in steel and alloys to a much lower level than smelting under atmospheric pressure, and at the same time, impurity elements (such as copper, zinc, lead, antimony, bismuth, tin, and arsenic) with a vapor pressure higher than that of the base metal at the melting temperature can be removed by volatilization, and the components of active elements such as aluminum, titanium, boron, and zirconium that need to be added to the alloy are easy to control. Therefore, the metal materials melted by vacuum induction can significantly improve various properties such as toughness, fatigue strength, corrosion resistance, high-temperature creep performance, and the magnetic permeability of magnetic alloys. The patent with the application number CN202322921259.7 discloses a vacuum induction melting furnace, but this vacuum melting furnace still has the following disadvantages: 1) The melting crucible in this patent is open inside the melting furnace body. In this way, on the one hand, heat is easily dissipated during the melting process, resulting in a long heating time and more power consumption. On the other hand, there is a possibility that the liquid melt splashes out of the melting crucible during this open melting process; 2) During the melting process, the melt in the melting crucible cannot be stirred, resulting in poor homogeneity of the final product; 3) This vacuum induction melting furnace is vertical, and it is very inconvenient to load materials and take out the finished products; 4) The slag removal effect and efficiency of this vacuum induction melting furnace are relatively poor. Summary of the Utility Model

[0003] (1) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a vacuum melting furnace, which solves the problems existing in the prior art. The utility model sets the vacuum melting furnace to be horizontal, and the setting of the detachable first furnace shell and second furnace shell greatly facilitates the feeding and taking out of the finished product. Among them, through the setting of the lifting mechanism, stirring mechanism, crucible cover body, and slag removal mechanism, the crucible can be automatically covered with the crucible cover body during the melting process, greatly improving the heat preservation effect inside the crucible, enhancing the melting efficiency, saving energy at the same time, and also preventing the melt in the crucible from splashing out of the crucible during the melting process. Among them, the stirring mechanism stirs the melt in the crucible, greatly improving the homogeneity of the melt, and thus ultimately improving the quality of the finished product. The setting of the slag removal mechanism greatly facilitates the slag removal.

[0005] (2) Technical Solutions

[0006] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: A vacuum melting furnace, including a support platform, on which a first furnace shell is fixed, a second furnace shell is slidably connected to the support platform, a locking mechanism is provided between the first furnace shell and the second furnace shell, a rotating shaft is horizontally penetrated through the first furnace shell, an induction coil is fixed at the left end of the rotating shaft, a crucible is fixed inside the induction coil, the right end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to a support seat, a rotating handle is fixed on the rotating shaft, a lifting mechanism is fixed at the top of the second furnace shell, a stirring mechanism is provided on the lifting mechanism, and a crucible cover body and a slag skimming mechanism are provided on the stirring mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a support column fixedly connected to the second furnace shell, a first motor is fixed at the top of the support column, the upper end of a lead screw is fixed on the rotating shaft of the first motor, the lower end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to a fixed seat, a nut seat matching with the lead screw is provided on the lead screw, a sliding plate is fixed on the nut seat, and the sliding plate is slidably connected to the support column.

[0008] Preferably, the stirring mechanism includes a second motor fixed on the sliding plate, a rotating rod is fixed on the rotating shaft of the second motor, a plurality of stirring rods are fixed on the rotating rod, and the crucible cover body is fixed on the rotating rod.

[0009] Preferably, the slag skimming mechanism includes a connecting block rotatably connected to the bottom end of the rotating rod, and a plurality of slag skimming nets are fixed on the side wall of the connecting block.

[0010] Preferably, three stirring rods are provided, the surface of which is smooth, and the stirring rods are arranged to be downward inclined.

[0011] Preferably, a first sealing block and a second sealing block are fixed on the stirring rod, the first sealing block is located outside the second furnace shell, and the second sealing block is located inside the second furnace shell and above the crucible cover body.

[0012] Preferably, the first sealing block includes a fixing plate, and a graphite soft felt layer is fixed on the side of the fixing plate facing the second furnace shell.

[0013] Preferably, the crucible cover body is arranged in an inverted U shape.

[0014] Preferably, a plurality of L-shaped supporting feet are fixed at the bottom of the induction coil, and a plurality of side plates are fixed on the side of the induction coil.

[0015] Preferably, a mold fixing seat is provided below the crucible, and the right end of the mold fixing seat is fixed on the inner surface of the first furnace shell.

[0016] (III) Beneficial effects

[0017] The utility model sets the furnace shell of the vacuum melting furnace to be horizontal and composed of a first furnace shell and a second furnace shell that can be opened and closed, which greatly facilitates the feeding into the crucible and the subsequent taking out of the finished product. Among them, through the settings of the lifting mechanism, stirring mechanism, and crucible cover body, the crucible cover body can be automatically added to the crucible during the melting process, greatly improving the heat preservation effect inside the crucible, enhancing the melting efficiency, saving energy at the same time, and preventing the melted material in the crucible from splashing out of the crucible during the melting process. Among them, the stirring mechanism stirs the melted material in the crucible, greatly improving the homogeneity of the melted material, and finally improving the quality of the finished product. Among them, through the settings of the lifting mechanism, stirring mechanism, and slag skimming mechanism, the slag generated during the melting process can be automatically skimmed, which not only greatly facilitates the skimming of the slag, but also improves the efficiency without the need for additional skimming of the slag. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the whole of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the stirring mechanism, crucible cover body, and slag skimming mechanism of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism of the utility model after removing the slide plate.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the stirring mechanism, crucible cover body, and slag skimming mechanism of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the first sealing block of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the rotating shaft, induction coil, crucible, support seat, rotating handle, L-shaped support feet, and side plate of the utility model.

[0024] In the figure: 1 - support table, 2 - first furnace shell, 3 - second furnace shell, 4 - locking mechanism, 5 - rotating shaft, 6 - induction coil, 7 - crucible, 8 - support seat, 9 - rotating handle, 10 - lifting mechanism, 11 - stirring mechanism, 12 - crucible cover body, 13 - slag skimming mechanism, 14 - support column, 15 - first motor, 16 - lead screw, 17 - fixed seat, 18 - nut seat, 19 - slide plate, 20 - second motor, 21 - rotating rod, 22 - stirring rod, 23 - connecting block, 24 - slag skimming net, 25 - first sealing block, 26 - second sealing block, 27 - fixing plate, 28 - graphite soft felt layer, 29 - L-shaped support feet, 30 - side plate, 31 - mold fixing seat. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0025] Next, the attached drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model will be combinedFigure 1-6 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model are described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without any creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] The utility model provides a technical solution: a vacuum melting furnace, which includes a support platform 1. A first furnace shell 2 is fixed on the support platform 1. A second furnace shell 3 is slidably connected to the support platform 1. A locking mechanism 4 is arranged between the first furnace shell 2 and the second furnace shell 3. A rotating shaft 5 is horizontally penetrated through the first furnace shell 2. An induction coil 6 is fixed at the left end of the rotating shaft 5. A crucible 7 is fixed inside the induction coil 6. The right end of the rotating shaft 5 is rotatably connected to a support seat 8. A turning handle 9 is fixed on the rotating shaft 5. A lifting mechanism 10 is fixed at the top of the second furnace shell 3. A stirring mechanism 11 is arranged on the lifting mechanism 10. A crucible cover body 12 and a slag skimming mechanism 13 are arranged on the stirring mechanism 11. During operation, first, the raw materials to be melted are added into the crucible 7. Then, the second furnace shell 3 is slid to the right to be combined with the first furnace shell 2. Then, the first furnace shell 2 and the second furnace shell 3 are locked through the locking mechanism 4. Then, the lifting mechanism 10 is started to lower the stirring mechanism 11 until the crucible cover body 12 on the stirring mechanism 11 covers the upper opening of the crucible 7. Then, the induction coil 6 is powered on to heat the raw materials in the crucible 7. After heating for a period of time, the stirring mechanism 11 is started to stir the melt in the crucible 7. The number and time of stirring are set according to actual needs. After heating is completed, the lifting mechanism 10 is restarted to raise the stirring mechanism 11 until the lowest part of the stirring mechanism 11 is higher than the upper surface of the crucible 7. Let it stand for a period of time. During this standing period, the melt adhered to the stirring mechanism 11 can fall back into the crucible 7. Then, turn the turning handle 9 to pour the melt in the crucible 7 into the mold. After the melt in the mold is cooled and formed, open the locking mechanism 4 and slide the second furnace shell 3 to the left to completely expose the crucible 7. Then, take out the mold. The locking mechanism 4 can be locked by a railing buckle or by screws. The sliding connection between the second furnace shell 3 and the support platform 1 can be manually pushed and pulled by an operator or automatically slid by arranging a lead screw mechanism below it. An observation window can be arranged on the second furnace shell 3 to facilitate observing the situation inside the furnace. Both the first furnace shell 2 and the second furnace shell 3 are arranged as double-layer water-cooled structures. In addition, the vacuum melting furnace also includes other necessary structures, such as a vacuum pumping component, a control system, etc. The above structures have little relevance to the technical innovation points of the utility model, so they are not described in detail in this application. The utility model sets the furnace shell of the vacuum melting furnace to be horizontal and consists of an openable first furnace shell 2 and a second furnace shell 3, which greatly facilitates feeding into the crucible 7 and subsequent removal of the finished product.The lifting mechanism 10, the stirring mechanism 11 and the crucible cover 12 are arranged so that the crucible 7 can be automatically covered with the crucible cover 12 during the smelting process, which greatly improves the heat preservation effect inside the crucible 7, improves the smelting efficiency, saves energy, and prevents the molten material in the crucible 7 from splashing out of the crucible during the smelting process. The stirring mechanism 11 stirs the molten material in the crucible 7, which greatly improves the homogeneity of the molten material, and thus ultimately improves the quality of the finished product. The lifting mechanism 10, the stirring mechanism 11 and the slag scooping mechanism 13 are arranged so that the slag generated during the smelting process can be automatically scooped, which not only greatly facilitates the scooping of the slag, but also improves the efficiency, and there is no need to scoop the slag additionally.

[0027] The lifting mechanism 10 includes a support column 14 fixedly connected to the second furnace shell 3, a first motor 15 is fixed to the top of the support column 14, the upper end of a screw rod 16 is fixed to the rotating shaft of the first motor 15, the lower end of the screw rod 16 is rotatably connected to a fixed seat 17, a nut seat 18 matching the screw rod 16 is provided on the screw rod 16, a slide plate 19 is fixed on the nut seat 18, and the slide plate 19 is slidably connected to the support column 14, wherein the lifting mechanism 10 drives the stirring mechanism 11 to rise and fall according to the following principle: when the stirring mechanism 11 needs to be lowered, the first motor 15 is started, driving the screw rod 16 to rotate, thereby driving the nut seat 18 to move downward along the screw rod 16, thereby driving the slide plate 19 to slide downward along the support column 14, thereby driving the stirring mechanism 11 fixed on the slide plate 19 to fall. When the stirring mechanism 11 needs to be raised, the first motor 15 only needs to rotate in the opposite direction.

[0028] The stirring mechanism 11 includes a second motor 20 fixed on the slide 19, a rotating rod 21 is fixed on the rotating shaft of the second motor 20, a plurality of stirring rods 22 are fixed on the rotating rod 21, and the crucible cover 12 is fixed on the rotating rod 21. When the crucible cover 12 is fixed on the stirring rod 22, the crucible cover 12 will rise and fall with the rising and falling of the stirring rod 22. When the stirring rod 22 descends, it only needs to descend until the crucible cover 12 covers the crucible 7.

[0029] The slag scooping mechanism 13 includes a connecting block 23 rotatably connected to the bottom end of the rotating rod 21, and a plurality of slag scooping nets 24 are fixed on the side wall of the connecting block 23, wherein gaps are left between adjacent slag scooping nets 24, so that the slag at the bottom of the slag scooping nets 24 will not be blocked from moving upward, making the slag scooping more comprehensive. In this way, after the heating is completed, the lifting mechanism 11 will scoop away the slag in the melt in the crucible 7 when it rises, thereby realizing automatic slag scooping, improving efficiency, and making the slag scooping effect more comprehensive.

[0030] There are three stirring rods 22, the surfaces of which are smooth and the stirring rods 22 are arranged to be inclined downward. The number of the stirring rods 22 is set to three, which can not only achieve the stirring function, but also prevent too much molten material from remaining on them due to too many stirring rods 22. The surfaces of the stirring rods 22 are set to be smooth and inclined downward, so that when the stirring rods 22 rise and stand still, the molten material adhered to them can quickly fall back into the crucible 7, improving the efficiency.

[0031] A first sealing block 25 and a second sealing block 26 are fixed on the stirring rod 22. The first sealing block 25 is located outside the second furnace shell 3, and the second sealing block 26 is located inside the second furnace shell 3 and above the crucible cover 12. A through hole for the stirring rod 22 to pass through up and down is provided on the second furnace shell 3. When the stirring rod 22 descends until the crucible cover 12 covers the crucible 7, the first sealing block 25 just presses tightly against the second furnace shell 3, which plays a good sealing role for the gap between the stirring rod 22 and the above-mentioned through hole, thereby improving the heat preservation effect in the furnace during heating, ensuring safety at the same time, and playing a good role in protecting the environment. The second sealing block 26 plays a role in sealing the through hole when the stirring rod 22 rises to a high position.

[0032] The first sealing block 25 includes a fixing plate 27, and a graphite soft felt layer 28 is fixed on the side of the fixing plate 27 facing the second furnace shell 3. The fixing plate 27 of the first sealing block 25 acts as a skeleton. The graphite soft felt layer 28 not only plays a good sealing role, but also plays a good heat preservation role. In addition, because the graphite soft felt layer 28 is flexible, it plays a good role in protecting the second furnace shell 3.

[0033] The crucible cover 12 is arranged in an inverted U shape, which plays a good role in wrapping the upper opening of the crucible 7, thereby further improving the heat preservation effect.

[0034] A number of L-shaped supporting feet 29 are fixed at the bottom of the induction coil 6, and a number of side plates 30 are fixed on the side of the induction coil 6. Through the setting of the L-shaped supporting feet 29, a better supporting and fixing effect is achieved on the crucible 7, and through the setting of the side plates 30, a better fixing effect is achieved on the induction coil 6.

[0035] A mold fixing seat 31 is provided below the crucible 7, and the right end of the mold fixing seat 31 is fixed on the inner surface of the first furnace shell 2. A mold is detachably connected to the mold fixing seat 31, which is convenient for pouring the molten material after heating into the mold for molding, and then when taking it out, only need to detach the mold from the mold fixing seat 31.

[0036] Working principle: During operation, first add the raw materials to be melted into the crucible 7. Then slide the second furnace shell 3 to the right and combine it with the first furnace shell 2. After that, lock the first furnace shell 2 and the second furnace shell 3 through the locking mechanism 4. Then start the lifting mechanism 10 to lower the stirring mechanism 11 until the crucible cover 12 on the stirring mechanism 11 covers the upper opening of the crucible 7. Then energize the induction coil 6 to heat the raw materials in the crucible 7. After heating for a period of time, start the stirring mechanism 11 to stir the melt in the crucible 7. The number of stirring times and the time are set according to actual needs. After heating is completed, restart the lifting mechanism 10 to raise the stirring mechanism 11 until the lowest point of the stirring mechanism 11 is higher than the upper surface of the crucible 7. Let it stand for a period of time. During this standing time, the melt adhering to the stirring mechanism 11 can fall back into the crucible 7. Then turn the turning handle 9 to pour the melt in the crucible 7 into the mold on the mold fixing seat 31. After the melt in the mold cools and solidifies, open the locking mechanism 4, slide the second furnace shell 3 to the left so that the crucible 7 is completely exposed, and then take out the mold. In the present utility model, the furnace shell of the vacuum melting furnace is set to be horizontal and is composed of a first furnace shell 2 and a second furnace shell 3 that can be opened and closed, which greatly facilitates feeding into the crucible 7 and also facilitates the subsequent taking out of the finished product. Among them, through the settings of the lifting mechanism 10, the stirring mechanism 11, and the crucible cover 12, the crucible cover 12 can be automatically added to the crucible 7 during the melting process, greatly improving the heat preservation effect inside the crucible 7, enhancing the melting efficiency, saving energy at the same time, and also preventing the melt in the crucible 7 from splashing out of the crucible during the melting process. Among them, the stirring mechanism 11 stirs the melt in the crucible 7, greatly improving the homogeneity of the melt, and thus ultimately improving the quality of the finished product. Among them, through the settings of the lifting mechanism 10, the stirring mechanism 11, and the slag skimming mechanism 13, the slag generated during the melting process can be automatically skimmed, which not only greatly facilitates the skimming of the slag but also improves the efficiency, and there is no need to skim the slag additionally.

[0037] Although the embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present utility model. The scope of the present utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vacuum melting furnace, characterized in that, It includes a support platform (1), on which a first furnace shell (2) is fixed. A second furnace shell (3) is slidably connected to the support platform (1). A locking mechanism (4) is provided between the first furnace shell (2) and the second furnace shell (3). A rotating shaft (5) is horizontally penetrated through the first furnace shell (2). An induction coil (6) is fixed to the left end of the rotating shaft (5). A crucible (7) is fixed inside the induction coil (6). The right end of the rotating shaft (5) is rotatably connected to a support seat (8). A rotating handle (9) is fixed to the rotating shaft (5). A lifting mechanism (10) is fixed to the top of the second furnace shell (3). A stirring mechanism (11) is provided on the lifting mechanism (10). A crucible cover body (12) and a slag skimming mechanism (13) are provided on the stirring mechanism (11).

2. The vacuum melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism (10) includes a support column (14) fixedly connected to the second furnace shell (3). A first motor (15) is fixed to the top of the support column (14). The upper end of a lead screw (16) is fixed to the rotating shaft of the first motor (15). The lower end of the lead screw (16) is rotatably connected to a fixed seat (17). A nut seat (18) matching the lead screw (16) is provided on the lead screw (16). A sliding plate (19) is fixed to the nut seat (18). The sliding plate (19) is slidably connected to the support column (14).

3. A vacuum melting furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stirring mechanism (11) includes a second motor (20) fixed to the sliding plate (19). A rotating rod (21) is fixed to the rotating shaft of the second motor (20). A plurality of stirring rods (22) are fixed to the rotating rod (21). The crucible cover body (12) is fixed to the rotating rod (21).

4. A vacuum melting furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that, The slag skimming mechanism (13) includes a connecting block (23) rotatably connected to the bottom end of the rotating rod (21). A plurality of slag skimming nets (24) are fixed to the side wall of the connecting block (23).

5. A vacuum melting furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that, There are three stirring rods (22), the surface of which is smooth, and the stirring rods (22) are arranged to be downwardly inclined.

6. A vacuum melting furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that, A first sealing block (25) and a second sealing block (26) are fixed to the stirring rod (22). The first sealing block (25) is located outside the second furnace shell (3). The second sealing block (26) is located inside the second furnace shell (3) and above the crucible cover body (12).

7. A vacuum melting furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first sealing block (25) includes a fixing plate (27), and a graphite soft felt layer (28) is fixed to the side of the fixing plate (27) facing the second furnace shell (3).

8. A vacuum melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crucible cover body (12) is arranged in an inverted U shape.

9. A vacuum melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of L-shaped supporting feet (29) are fixed to the bottom of the induction coil (6). A plurality of side plates (30) are fixed to the side of the induction coil (6).

10. A vacuum melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, A mold fixing seat (31) is provided below the crucible (7). The right end of the mold fixing seat (31) is fixed to the inner surface of the first furnace shell (2).

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