Extraction device for cyanide in blood

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of cyanide extraction, and particularly relates to an extraction device for cyanide in blood, the extraction device comprises a device body, a diffusion bottle and a sealing cover matched with the diffusion bottle are arranged in the device body, and a sampling bottle is arranged in the diffusion bottle. By arranging the device body, the diffusion bottle and the sampling bottle, cyanide in a blood sample is extracted through a diffusion-absorption method, and the device is simple, reasonable in design and convenient to use; when cyanide is extracted, water is added into the device body, a blood sample, water and strong phosphoric acid are placed into the diffusion bottle, the volume ratio of the blood sample to the water to the strong phosphoric acid is 2: 2: 1, and sodium hydroxide with the mass concentration of 0.25% is placed into the sampling bottle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of cyanide extraction, and specifically relates to a device for extracting cyanide from blood. Background Art

[0002] Cyanide is a toxic chemical widely used in industrial and mining industries. It belongs to highly toxic substances and is one of the dangerous chemicals, including inorganic cyanides such as potassium cyanide, sodium cyanide, and hydrocyanic acid, as well as organic cyanides such as diisocyanates and acrylonitrile. In addition, kernels of peaches, apricots, loquats, waxberries, cherries, etc. and cassava contain cyanogenic glycosides, which can also produce hydrocyanic acid when decomposed in the body. Therefore, excessive consumption of kernels containing cyanogenic glycosides can cause poisoning, and poisoning cases related to cyanide also occur occasionally. After cyanide enters the human body, it can form a coordination bond with Fe3+ in cytochrome C oxidase in mitochondria, preventing its reduction to Fe2+ and losing its ability to transfer electrons, resulting in the body being unable to absorb oxygen and leading to asphyxiation and death. The blood concentration of cyanide poisoning is about 0.5 mg / L, and the lethal blood concentration is about 1.0 mg / L. It generally exists in the form of cyanide ions and thiocyanate in the body.

[0003] Currently, the detection methods for cyanide mainly include spectrophotometry, chemical method, pre-column derivation-gas chromatography / mass spectrometry [8-10], etc. There are also corresponding industry standards such as GA / T 930-2011 "Gas Chromatography and Chemical Test Methods for Cyanide Ions in Biological Samples", but they all have disadvantages such as being easily interfered, low sensitivity, or cumbersome operation. Ion chromatography has advantages such as strong anti-interference ability and high sensitivity, so it is widely used. However, the research matrix is mostly water with fewer impurities. Moreover, even for research on blood, the pretreatment methods used are either ethanol precipitation of proteins, which results in incomplete precipitation and uneven baseline, or similar diffusion methods, but the diffusion device has a complex design, uses a catheter introduction method, and requires no shaking during the treatment process, resulting in low recovery rate. Therefore, in this study, a diffusion-absorption device with a simple structure and a narrow reaction space was designed. After adding acid and sealing for heating, cyanide is converted into hydrocyanic acid (HCN) and escapes, and then is absorbed by NaOH solution. The treatment process of detecting NaCN in the absorption solution by a highly sensitive ED detector was used to establish a highly selective, highly anti-interference, and highly sensitive detection method for cyanide in blood samples, providing technical investigation guidance and theoretical support for the detection and litigation of such cases. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the problems of the prior art, this application provides a device for extracting cyanide from blood, and this application is achieved through the following solutions:

[0005] A device for extracting cyanide from blood includes a device body. A diffusion bottle and a sealing cover matching the diffusion bottle are arranged inside the device body, and a sampling bottle is arranged inside the diffusion bottle.

[0006] By providing a device body, a diffusion bottle and a sampling bottle, the extraction of cyanide in blood samples by the diffusion-absorption method is realized. The device is simple, reasonably designed and easy to use. When extracting cyanide, water is added into the device body, and blood samples, water and concentrated phosphoric acid are placed in the diffusion bottle, where the volume ratio of blood samples, water and concentrated phosphoric acid is 2:2:1, and sodium hydroxide with a mass concentration of 0.25% is placed in the sampling bottle.

[0007] The principle of diffusion-adsorption in this application is: cyanide in the blood sample in the diffusion bottle reacts with concentrated phosphoric acid to produce HCN. HCN diffuses through heating to the upper space of the diffusion bottle and is then absorbed by the sampling bottle filled with sodium hydroxide solution, becoming non-volatile sodium cyanide, which is convenient for detection.

[0008] Preferably, a fixing rack for fixing the diffusion bottle is provided inside the device body.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixing rack includes a fixing table, a support rod is provided at the bottom of the fixing table, and at least one fixing hole for placing the diffusion bottle is provided on the fixing table.

[0010] Even further, the fixing rack is a four-hole fixing rack.

[0011] Even further, a temperature probe or a temperature sensor is provided inside the device body.

[0012] Even further, a thermostatic magnetic stirrer is provided at the bottom of the device body, and a polytetrafluoroethylene magnetic stir bar is placed in the sampling bottle.

[0013] By providing a temperature probe, the temperature inside the device body can be monitored in real time; by providing a thermostatic magnetic stirrer and a polytetrafluoroethylene magnetic stir bar, HCN diffuses through heating to the upper space of the diffusion bottle and reacts with the sodium hydroxide solution, and the polytetrafluoroethylene magnetic stir bar accelerates the reaction of HCN and sodium hydroxide.

[0014] Even further, a vertical support frame is provided on the thermostatic magnetic stirrer, a cross clamp is provided on the vertical support frame, and a temperature probe or a temperature sensor is provided on the cross clamp.

[0015] Even further, the distance between the fixing hole and the bottom surface of the device body is 1 / 2 - 2 / 3 of the height of the headspace bottle.

[0016] Even further, an upward installation tube is provided at the bottom of the device body, and the bottom of the support rod is inserted into the installation tube.

[0017] By providing a support rod and an installation tube, the support rod is inserted into the installation tube to prevent the fixing rack from moving.

[0018] Furthermore, a limiting hole is provided on the inner wall of the device body, and a detachable limiting protrusion is arranged in the limiting hole, and the bottom surface of the limiting protrusion is higher than the top surface of the fixing table.

[0019] Beneficial effects: By providing the device body, the diffusion bottle and the sampling bottle, the extraction of cyanide in blood samples by the diffusion-absorption method is realized. The device is simple, reasonably designed and convenient to use. When extracting cyanide, water is added into the device body, and blood samples, water and concentrated phosphoric acid are placed in the diffusion bottle, where the volume ratio of blood samples, water and concentrated phosphoric acid is 2:2:1, and sodium hydroxide with a mass concentration of 0.25% is placed in the sampling bottle. The principle of diffusion-adsorption in this application is as follows: Cyanide in the blood sample in the diffusion bottle reacts with concentrated phosphoric acid to produce HCN. HCN diffuses through heating to the upper space of the diffusion bottle and is then absorbed by the sampling bottle filled with sodium hydroxide solution, becoming non-volatile sodium cyanide, which is convenient for detection. By providing a temperature probe, the temperature inside the device body can be monitored in real time. By providing a constant temperature magnetic stirrer and a polytetrafluoroethylene magnetic stir bar, HCN diffuses through heating to the upper space of the diffusion bottle and reacts with the sodium hydroxide solution, and the polytetrafluoroethylene magnetic stir bar accelerates the reaction between HCN and sodium hydroxide. By providing a support rod and a mounting tube, the support rod is inserted into the mounting tube to prevent the fixing frame from moving. Description of the Drawings

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some preferred embodiments of the present application, rather than all embodiments. For the preferred embodiments of the present application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other embodiments and drawings can also be obtained based on these embodiments and drawings, and all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic top view structural diagram of the fixing table of an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fixing frame of an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the constant temperature magnetic stirrer when using one fixing hole;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a primary physical diagram of the diffusion bottle and the sampling bottle of the present application;

[0026] In the figure, 1 is the device body, 2 is the diffusion bottle, 3 is the sampling bottle, 4 is the fixing table, 5 is the support rod, 6 is the fixing hole, 7 is the temperature probe, 8 is the constant temperature magnetic stirrer, 9 is the polytetrafluoroethylene magnetic stir bar, 10 is the vertical support frame, 11 is the installation pipe, 12 is the limit protrusion, and 13 is the cross clamp. Specific Embodiment

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following will further describe the embodiments of this application in detail. It should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. The foregoing definitions are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the structures referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] An extraction device for cyanide in blood, as Figure 1 shown, in one specific embodiment, it includes a device body 1. A diffusion bottle 2 and a sealing cover matching the diffusion bottle are provided inside the device body, and a sampling bottle 3 is provided inside the diffusion bottle.

[0030] In one specific embodiment, the diffusion bottle is detachable from the device body, and the sampling bottle is detachable from the diffusion bottle.

[0031] By providing the device body, the diffusion bottle, and the sampling bottle, the extraction of cyanide in the blood sample by the diffusion-absorption method is realized. The device is simple, reasonably designed, and convenient to use. When extracting cyanide, water is added to the device body, and blood sample, water, and concentrated phosphoric acid are placed in the diffusion bottle, where the volume ratio of the blood sample, water, and concentrated phosphoric acid is 2:2:1, and sodium hydroxide with a mass concentration of 0.25% is placed in the sampling bottle. The principle of diffusion-adsorption in this application is that cyanide in the blood sample in the diffusion bottle reacts with concentrated phosphoric acid to produce HCN. HCN diffuses to the upper space of the diffusion bottle after heating and is then absorbed by the sampling bottle filled with sodium hydroxide solution, becoming non-volatile sodium cyanide, which is convenient for detection.

[0032] Preferably, a fixing frame for fixing the diffusion bottle 2 is provided inside the device body.

[0033] By providing the fixing frame, the diffusion bottle is fixed to prevent it from tipping over.

[0034] In one specific embodiment, the sampling bottle is narrower at the bottom and wider at the top.

[0035] Furthermore, the fixing frame includes a fixing table 4. Support rods 5 are provided at the bottom of the fixing table 4, and at least one fixing hole 6 for placing the diffusion bottle is provided on the fixing table.

[0036] Further, in one specific embodiment, the fixing frame is a four-hole fixing frame, and the 4 fixing holes are evenly distributed on the fixing table. In another specific embodiment, the fixing holes are arranged in a "one" shape on the fixing table, as Figure 2 shown, which are schematic structural diagrams of two ways of evenly arranging 4 fixing holes and arranging them in a "one" shape.

[0037] As Figure 4 shown is a schematic structural diagram of a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer used when there is one fixing hole.

[0038] Further, a temperature probe 7 is provided inside the device body, and a thermometer can also be used instead of the temperature probe.

[0039] By providing the temperature probe, the temperature inside the device body can be monitored in real time.

[0040] Further, a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer 8 is provided at the bottom of the device body, and a polytetrafluoro magnetic stir bar 9 is placed in the sampling bottle. By providing the constant-temperature magnetic stirrer and the polytetrafluoro magnetic stir bar, HCN diffuses to the upper space of the diffusion bottle through heating and reacts with the sodium hydroxide solution, and the polytetrafluoro magnetic stir bar accelerates the reaction of HCN with sodium hydroxide.

[0041] Further, a vertical support frame 10 is provided on the constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, a cross clamp 13 is provided on the vertical support frame 10, and a temperature probe or a temperature sensor is provided on the cross clamp.

[0042] Further, the distance between the fixing hole and the bottom surface of the device body is 1 / 2 - 2 / 3 of the height of the diffusion bottle. In a specific embodiment, the distance between the fixing hole and the bottom surface of the device body is 1 / 2 of the height of the diffusion bottle.

[0043] Further, an upward mounting tube 11 is provided at the bottom of the device body 1, as Figure 3 shown, and the bottom of the support rod is inserted into the mounting tube. By providing the support rod and the mounting tube, the support rod is inserted into the mounting tube to prevent the fixing frame from moving.

[0044] Further, a limiting hole is provided on the inner wall of the device body, a detachable limiting protrusion 12 is provided in the limiting hole, and the bottom surface of the limiting protrusion is higher than the top surface of the fixing table. The purpose of providing the limiting protrusion is to further limit the diffusion bottle.

[0045] Usage method: Take 0.5 mL of sodium hydroxide solution in a sampling bottle for standby; take 1.0 mL of blood sample in a diffusion bottle, add 1.0 mL of water, then add 0.5 mL of concentrated phosphoric acid, and vortex and oscillate at 300 r / min for 5 s; then quickly put the sampling bottle into the headspace bottle with forceps, and immediately seal the headspace bottle with a polytetrafluoroethylene sealing cap and an aluminum cap; heat the diffusion bottle in a water bath at 60 °C for 40 min, take it out and let it cool at room temperature for 30 min; after opening the cap, use a syringe to aspirate the liquid in the injection vial for ion chromatography analysis, and during the operation, the liquid in the headspace bottle and the liquid in the injection vial cannot be mixed. Figure 5 This is the primary physical diagram of the diffusion bottle and sampling bottle of this application.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application rather than to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of this application can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An extraction device for cyanide in blood, characterized in that It includes a device body, in which there is a diffusion bottle and a sealing cover matching the diffusion bottle, and a sampling bottle is arranged in the diffusion bottle; a fixing rack for fixing the diffusion bottle is arranged in the device body; a constant temperature magnetic stirrer is arranged at the bottom of the device body, and a polytetrafluoroethylene magnetic stir bar is placed in the sampling bottle.

2. The extraction device for cyanide in blood according to claim 1, wherein The fixing rack includes a fixing table, a support rod is arranged at the bottom of the fixing table, and at least one fixing hole for placing the diffusion bottle is arranged on the fixing table.

3. An extraction device for cyanide in blood according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing rack is a four-hole fixing rack.

4. The extraction device for cyanide in blood according to claim 1, characterized in that A temperature probe or a temperature sensor is arranged in the device body.

5. The extraction device for cyanide in blood according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vertical support frame is arranged on the constant temperature magnetic stirrer, a cross clamp is arranged on the vertical support frame, and a temperature probe or a temperature sensor is arranged on the cross clamp.

6. The extraction device for cyanide in blood according to claim 2, wherein, The distance between the fixing hole and the bottom surface of the device body is 1 / 2 - 2 / 3 of the height of the headspace bottle.

7. The extraction device for cyanide in blood according to claim 2, wherein An upward installation pipe is arranged at the bottom of the device body, and the bottom of the support rod is inserted into the installation pipe.

8. The extraction device for cyanide in blood according to claim 2, wherein A limiting hole is arranged on the inner wall of the device body, a detachable limiting protrusion is arranged in the limiting hole, and the bottom surface of the limiting protrusion is higher than the top surface of the fixing table.

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