Battery pack structure for vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of battery packs, and provides a vehicle battery pack structure which comprises a lower box body, a cross beam and a plurality of battery cells, the cross beam is fixedly arranged in the lower box body, and a plurality of pressure relief holes are formed in the cross beam; the battery cell comprises a shell, a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a battery cell explosion-proof valve, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are arranged at one end of the shell, and the battery cell explosion-proof valve is arranged at the other end of the shell; one end, far away from the positive electrode, of the shell is fixedly connected with the cross beam, and the battery cell explosion-proof valves are in one-to-one correspondence with the pressure relief holes in position. By arranging the lower box body, the cross beam and the battery cell, the internal structure of the battery pack can be simplified, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are arranged at the same end of the shell, and the battery cell explosion-proof valve is arranged at the other end of the shell, so that when the battery cell is in thermal runaway, the problem of short circuit caused by eruption substances can be avoided; therefore, the use safety of the battery pack is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of battery packs, in particular to a structure of a vehicle-mounted battery pack. Background Art

[0002] A battery pack is usually composed of components such as a box body and multiple series-parallel connected battery cells, and is an important part of a new energy vehicle. In order to meet the design requirements of new energy vehicles, the battery pack is developed in the direction of improving space utilization rate and reducing the weight of modules.

[0003] The utility model with the publication number of CN218351634U discloses a detachable battery cell device, which includes a water-cooling plate, a thermal conductive silica gel pad, a lower box body of the battery pack, a battery cell mounting plate and battery cells. The water-cooling plate is fixedly connected to the inner end of the lower box body of the battery pack; the thermal conductive silica gel pad is pasted on the upper surface of the water-cooling plate; the battery cell mounting plate is arranged in the lower box body of the battery pack; a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the battery cell mounting plate, and the battery cells are mounted in the mounting holes; when a single battery cell is abnormal, only the abnormal battery cell needs to be loosened and removed for replacement, which greatly saves the maintenance cost.

[0004] In the above technical solution, in order to simplify the assembly structure of the battery cells and improve the convenience of disassembly and assembly of the battery cells, a mounting plate is arranged in the lower box body, and the mounting plate is connected with the battery cells through threaded cooperation. However, when the battery cells are in thermal runaway, the ejecta in the battery cells is likely to accumulate in the pressure relief channel, resulting in secondary hazards such as high-voltage short circuit. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] In view of this, the utility model provides a structure of a vehicle-mounted battery pack, which can avoid the problem of short circuit of the circuit caused by the ejecta during thermal runaway of the battery cells, and improves the use safety of the battery pack.

[0006] The technical solution of the utility model is realized as follows: The utility model provides a structure of a vehicle-mounted battery pack, which includes a lower box body, a cross beam and a plurality of battery cells. Among them,

[0007] The cross beam is fixedly arranged in the lower box body, and a plurality of pressure relief holes are opened in its interior;

[0008] Each battery cell includes a housing, a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a battery cell explosion-proof valve. Among them, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are arranged at one end of the housing, and the battery cell explosion-proof valve is arranged at the other end of the housing; the end of the housing away from the positive electrode is fixedly connected to the cross beam, and the positions of the plurality of battery cell explosion-proof valves correspond to the positions of the plurality of pressure relief holes one by one.

[0009] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, a threaded groove is opened at the end of the housing away from the positive electrode;

[0010] The cross beam is provided with connecting holes, and the threaded groove is fixedly connected with the connecting holes through bolts.

[0011] More preferably, the inner diameter of the pressure relief hole is larger than the outer diameter of the cell explosion-proof valve.

[0012] More preferably, the pressure relief hole is an arc-shaped hole structure, and its center coincides with the center of the connecting hole.

[0013] On the basis of the above technical solutions, preferably, the cross beam includes a connecting part and a fixing part, wherein,

[0014] The connecting part is arranged in the lower box body and is spaced from its inner wall, and the shell and the pressure relief hole are both arranged on the connecting part;

[0015] The fixing part is fixedly arranged between the connecting part and the lower box body.

[0016] More preferably, there are two fixing parts, and the two fixing parts are integrally formed at both ends of the connecting part respectively and are detachably and fixedly connected with the lower box body.

[0017] More preferably, the connecting part is arranged parallel to the bottom side in the lower box body.

[0018] On the basis of the above technical solutions, preferably, a plurality of cross beams are provided, and the plurality of cross beams are arranged in parallel and at intervals.

[0019] On the basis of the above technical solutions, preferably, a cooling pipe is further included. The cooling pipe is fixedly penetrated on the lower box body, and both ends of the cooling pipe are located outside the lower box body.

[0020] On the basis of the above technical solutions, preferably, a PACK explosion-proof valve is further included. The PACK explosion-proof valve is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the lower box body.

[0021] The structure of a vehicle battery pack of the present utility model has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0022] (1) By providing the lower box body, the cross beam and the battery cells, the internal structure of the battery pack can be simplified. By arranging the positive electrode and the negative electrode at the same end of the shell and arranging the cell explosion-proof valve at the other end of the shell, when the battery cells have a thermal runaway, the problem of short circuit caused by the ejected matter can be avoided, thereby improving the use safety of the battery pack;

[0023] (2) By arranging the connecting part at an interval from the lower box body, a good pressure relief channel can be maintained. By arranging an arc-shaped pressure relief hole, the assembly efficiency of the battery cells can be improved. Description of the Drawings

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional view of a vehicle battery pack structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a top view of the lower box body of a vehicle battery pack structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the cross beam of a vehicle battery pack structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional view of the cross beam of a vehicle battery pack structure of the present invention.

[0029] Wherein: 1. Lower box body; 2. Cross beam; 21. Connecting part; 22. Fixing part; 201. Pressure relief hole; 202. Connecting hole; 3. Battery cell; 31. Shell; 32. Positive electrode; 33. Negative electrode; 34. Battery cell explosion-proof valve; 301. Thread groove; 4. Cooling pipe; 5. PACK explosion-proof valve. Specific embodiments

[0030] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the present invention in combination with the specific embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] As Figures 1-4 shown, a vehicle battery pack structure of the present invention includes a lower box body 1, a cross beam 2, a plurality of battery cells 3, a cooling pipe 4 and a PACK explosion-proof valve 5.

[0032] Among them, the lower box body 1 is used to carry other components and protect the battery cells 3.

[0033] The cross beam 2 is used to fix the battery cells 3, and the cross beam 2 is fixedly arranged in the lower box body 1.

[0034] The battery cell 3 is a power supply unit inside the lower box body 1. The battery cell 3 includes a housing 31, a positive electrode 32, a negative electrode 33, and a battery cell explosion-proof valve 34. The positive electrode 32 and the negative electrode 33 are arranged at one end of the housing 31, and the battery cell explosion-proof valve 34 is arranged at the other end of the housing 31; one end of the housing 31 away from the positive electrode 32 is fixedly connected to the cross beam 2; a plurality of pressure relief holes 201 are formed inside the cross beam 2, and the positions of the plurality of battery cell explosion-proof valves 34 correspond to the plurality of pressure relief holes 201 one by one, that is, each battery cell explosion-proof valve 34 is located in one of the pressure relief holes 201; the series-parallel circuit on the battery cell 3 is located at the end of the battery cell 3 where the positive electrode 32 and the negative electrode 33 are arranged, while the battery cell explosion-proof valve 34 is located at the other end of the battery cell 3. When the battery cell 3 has a thermal runaway, the ejecta of the battery cell 3 will be ejected in a direction away from the positive electrode 32 and the negative electrode 33, thus forming a thermoelectric separation structure inside the battery pack, avoiding secondary hazards such as short circuits of the circuit caused by the ejecta, and being beneficial to improving the use safety of this battery pack.

[0035] As Figure 4 shown, a threaded groove 301 is formed at one end of the housing 31 away from the positive electrode 32; a connection hole 202 is formed on the cross beam 2, and the threaded groove 301 and the connection hole 202 are fixedly connected by bolts. Specifically, one end of the bolt passes through the connection hole 202 and is screwed into the threaded groove 301, and the rear end of the bolt is used to hold the cross beam 2, so as to realize the fixation of the cross beam 2 and the housing 31; for the formation of the threaded groove 301 on the housing 31, it can be realized by thickening the end cover of the housing 31, or by making an avoidance structure inside the battery cell 3.

[0036] The inner diameter of the pressure relief hole 201 is preferably larger than the outer diameter of the battery cell explosion-proof valve 34, so that the ejecta ejected from the battery cell explosion-proof valve 34 can completely pass through the pressure relief hole 201, avoiding the cross beam 2 from blocking the ejecta.

[0037] As Figure 4 shown, the pressure relief hole 201 is an arc-shaped hole structure, and its center of the circle coincides with the center of the connection hole 202. Since the cross beam 2 and the housing 31 are fixedly connected by bolts, when connecting the cross beam 2 and the housing 31, it is easy to rotate the housing 31 by a certain angle. By setting the arc-shaped pressure relief hole 201, even if the battery cell explosion-proof valve 34 on the housing 31 rotates by a certain angle, it can still be located in the pressure relief hole 201, thus improving the assembly convenience and assembly error tolerance of the battery cell 3.

[0038] The cross beam 2 includes a connecting part 21 and a fixing part 22. The connecting part 21 is arranged inside the lower box body 1 and is spaced from its inner wall. The shell 31 and the pressure relief hole 201 are both arranged on the connecting part 21; the fixing part 22 is fixedly arranged between the connecting part 21 and the lower box body 1; by the spaced arrangement of the connecting part 21 and the lower box body 1, a pressure relief channel for the ejecta can be reserved, which is beneficial to ensuring the use safety of the battery pack.

[0039] In order to improve the supporting effect of the fixing part 22 on the connecting part 21, there are two fixing parts 22, and the two fixing parts 22 are integrally formed at both ends of the connecting part 21 respectively and are detachably and fixedly connected to the lower box body 1.

[0040] In order to keep the neatness of multiple battery cells 3, it is preferable that the connecting part 21 is arranged parallel to the bottom side inside the lower box body 1.

[0041] As Figure 2 shown, there are multiple cross beams 2, and the multiple cross beams 2 are arranged parallel and spaced. When maintaining the battery cell 3, only the cross beam 2 connected to the battery cell 3 to be maintained can be disassembled, which improves the maintenance efficiency of the battery cell 3.

[0042] The cooling pipe 4 is used to cool the battery cell 3. The cooling pipe 4 is fixedly penetrated on the lower box body 1, and both ends of the cooling pipe 4 are located outside the lower box body 1, that is, both ends of the cooling pipe 4 are outside the lower box body 1 and the middle is inside the lower box body 1. By the connection of both ends of the cooling pipe 4 with the cooling medium circulation device, the heat inside the lower box body 1 can be taken away, thereby reducing the temperature inside the lower box body 1 and realizing the cooling of the battery cell 3.

[0043] The PACK explosion-proof valve 5 is used to improve the use safety of the lower box body 1. The PACK explosion-proof valve 5 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the lower box body 1. After the lower box body 1 and the upper box body are assembled, when the battery cell 3 has a thermal runaway and the pressure inside the lower box body 1 is too high, the PACK explosion-proof valve 5 can be damaged so that the ejecta is discharged to the outside of the lower box body 1 along the PACK explosion-proof valve 5.

[0044] The working principle of a vehicle battery pack structure of the present utility model is as follows:

[0045] When the battery cell 3 has a thermal runaway, the ejecta is ejected from the cell explosion-proof valve 34 of the battery cell 3, and its ejection direction is away from the positive electrode 32 and the negative electrode 33, thereby realizing thermoelectric separation inside the battery pack and improving the use safety of the battery pack.

[0046] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A vehicle battery pack structure, characterized in that: It includes a lower box body (1), a cross beam (2) and a plurality of battery cells (3), wherein, The cross beam (2) is fixedly arranged inside the lower box body (1), and a plurality of pressure relief holes (201) are formed inside it; The battery cell (3) includes a housing (31), a positive electrode (32), a negative electrode (33) and a battery cell explosion-proof valve (34). Among them, the positive electrode (32) and the negative electrode (33) are arranged at one end of the housing (31), and the battery cell explosion-proof valve (34) is arranged at the other end of the housing (31); One end of the housing (31) away from the positive electrode (32) is fixedly connected to the cross beam (2), and the positions of the plurality of battery cell explosion-proof valves (34) correspond to the positions of the plurality of pressure relief holes (201) one by one.

2. The structure of a vehicle battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that: A threaded groove (301) is formed at one end of the housing (31) away from the positive electrode (32); A connection hole (202) is formed on the cross beam (2), and the threaded groove (301) and the connection hole (202) are fixedly connected by bolts.

3. The structure of a vehicle battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the pressure relief hole (201) is larger than the outer diameter of the battery cell explosion-proof valve (34).

4. The structure of a vehicle battery pack according to claim 3, wherein: The pressure relief hole (201) is a circular arc-shaped hole structure, and its center of the circle coincides with the center of the connection hole (202).

5. A vehicle battery pack structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross beam (2) includes a connection part (21) and a fixing part (22), wherein, The connection part (21) is arranged inside the lower box body (1) and is spaced from its inner wall, and the housing (31) and the pressure relief holes (201) are both arranged on the connection part (21); The fixing part (22) is fixedly arranged between the connection part (21) and the lower box body (1).

6. The structure of a vehicle battery pack according to claim 5, wherein: There are two fixing parts (22), and the two fixing parts (22) are integrally formed at both ends of the connection part (21) respectively and are detachably and fixedly connected to the lower box body (1).

7. The structure of a vehicle battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connection part (21) is arranged parallel to the bottom side inside the lower box body (1).

8. A vehicle battery pack structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are a plurality of cross beams (2), and the plurality of cross beams (2) are arranged parallel and spaced apart.

9. A vehicle battery pack structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a cooling pipe (4), the cooling pipe (4) is fixedly penetrated on the lower box body (1), and both ends of the cooling pipe (4) are located outside the lower box body (1).

10. A vehicle battery pack structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a PACK explosion-proof valve (5), and the PACK explosion-proof valve (5) is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the lower box body (1).

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