Solar cell module and solar cell

Abstract

The utility model provides a solar cell module and a solar cell, and the solar cell module comprises a plurality of solar cells, and each solar cell comprises a semiconductor substrate, and first electrodes which are disposed on a first surface of the semiconductor substrate, extend in a first direction, and are distributed at intervals in a second direction. And a second electrode disposed on the second surface of the semiconductor substrate. The first electrode is arranged on the first surface of the semiconductor substrate and comprises a plurality of first connecting electrodes which extend in the second direction and are distributed at intervals in the first direction. And a plurality of wirings extending in the second direction, the plurality of wirings being disposed to electrically connect a first electrode of a first solar cell of the plurality of solar cells to a second electrode of a second solar cell adjacent to the first solar cell. Each of the plurality of first connection electrodes at least partially overlaps the plurality of wirings and is electrically connected. The number of the plurality of first connection electrodes is twice larger than the number of the plurality of wires, and the number of the plurality of first connection electrodes is smaller than the number of the plurality of wires.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of solar cells, and particularly to a solar cell module and a solar cell. Background Art

[0002] A solar cell is a clean energy device that directly converts solar energy into electrical energy, and its core part is a solar cell chip. The main structure of a solar cell chip includes parts such as a silicon wafer, a PN junction, an antireflection layer, and electrodes. Among them, the design and manufacture of the electrodes have an important impact on the performance of the solar cell.

[0003] In order to reduce the shading area and save paste, the current non-main grid (0BB) structure is adopted. However, due to the cancellation of the main grid, the welding quality is unstable, and problems such as virtual soldering are likely to occur, and it will cause warping of the cell chip during the module stage, which will affect the normal operation of the solar cell. Secondly, in practical applications, the efficiency improvement effect is not obvious because the resistance loss of the 0BB design is still relatively large. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a solar cell module and a solar cell.

[0005] One aspect of the present disclosure provides a solar cell module, including: a plurality of solar cells, each of the plurality of solar cells including a semiconductor substrate, a first electrode disposed on a first surface of the semiconductor substrate, extending in a first direction, and spaced apart in a second direction. And, a second electrode disposed on a second surface of the semiconductor substrate, extending in the first direction, and spaced apart in the second direction. The first surface is opposite to the second surface; the first direction intersects the second direction. A plurality of first connection electrodes disposed on the first surface of the semiconductor substrate and including a plurality of first connection electrodes extending in the second direction and spaced apart in the first direction. A plurality of wirings extending in the second direction, and the plurality of wirings are configured to electrically connect the first electrode of the first solar cell among the plurality of solar cells to the second electrode of the second solar cell adjacent to the first solar cell. The first connection electrode is in contact connection with at least half of the number of the first electrodes, or the extension length of the first connection electrode in the second direction is greater than half of the length of the solar cell in the second direction. And each of the plurality of first connection electrodes at least partially overlaps and is electrically connected to the plurality of wirings. Twice the number of the plurality of first connection electrodes is greater than the number of the plurality of wirings, and the number of the plurality of first connection electrodes is less than the number of the plurality of wirings.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the difference between twice the number of the plurality of first connection electrodes and the number of the plurality of wirings is 2, and the number of the first connection electrodes is an even number greater than or equal to 6.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the two outermost wirings located along the first direction at least partially cover and connect the first connection electrodes. And along the two end portions in the first direction toward the center direction of the solar cell, the wirings alternately cover and connect the first connection electrodes respectively.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the solar cell module further includes: a plurality of first short connection electrodes disposed on the first surface, the first short connection electrodes extending along the second direction and disposed in the opposite end regions of the first surface along the second direction, the first short connection electrodes connecting 2 to 5 first electrodes in a manner that intersects with the first electrodes, and the first short connection electrodes being in contact connection with the wirings that are not connected to the first connection electrodes among the wirings.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the solar cell module further includes at least one of the following: a plurality of first harpoon structures disposed on the first surface, extending along the second direction, and spaced apart along the first direction. The plurality of first harpoon structures are located in the end regions in the second direction. The openings of the first harpoon structures face outside the cell along the second direction. The first harpoon structures are in contact connection with one end of the plurality of first connection electrodes or the plurality of first short connection electrodes.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first harpoon structure further includes a first tail pad, the first tail pad being disposed at the end of the first harpoon structure close to the inside of the solar cell, and the first tail pad overlapping at least a part of the wiring.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the solar cell module further includes: a plurality of second connection electrodes disposed on the second surface of the semiconductor substrate, extending along the second direction, and spaced apart along the first direction. The second connection electrodes are in contact connection with at least half of the second electrodes, or the extension length of the second connection electrodes in the second direction is greater than half of the length of the solar cell in the second direction. The wiring that covers and connects the first connection electrode of the first solar cell is simultaneously in contact connection with the second connection electrode of the second solar cell.

[0012] On the other hand, the present disclosure provides a solar cell, comprising: a semiconductor substrate; a first electrode disposed on a first surface of the semiconductor substrate, extending in a first direction, and spaced apart in a second direction; the first direction intersects with the second direction. A plurality of first connection electrodes disposed on the first surface of the semiconductor substrate and comprising extending in the second direction and spaced apart in the first direction. The first connection electrodes are in contact connection with at least half of the number of the first electrodes, or the extension length of the first connection electrodes in the second direction is greater than half of the length of the solar cell in the second direction. A plurality of first short connection electrodes disposed on the first surface, the first short connection electrodes extending in the second direction and disposed in opposite end regions of the first surface in the second direction, the first short connection electrodes connecting 2 to 5 first electrodes in a manner intersecting with the first electrodes. The number of the first connection electrodes is an even number greater than or equal to 6. The first connection electrodes and the first short connection electrodes are arranged alternately from the two end portions in the first direction towards the center. In the arrangement of the first connection electrodes and the first short connection electrodes, the two closest to the two end portions of the solar cell in the first direction are two of the plurality of first connection electrodes.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the solar cell further comprises: a plurality of second connection electrodes disposed on a second surface of the semiconductor substrate, extending in the second direction, and spaced apart in the first direction. The second connection electrodes are in contact connection with at least half of the number of the second electrodes, or the extension length of the second connection electrodes in the second direction is greater than half of the length of the solar cell in the second direction. A plurality of second short connection electrodes disposed on the second surface, the second short connection electrodes extending in the second direction and disposed in opposite end regions of the second surface in the second direction, the second short connection electrodes connecting 2 to 5 second electrodes in a manner intersecting with the second electrodes. The projection of the second connection electrodes on the semiconductor substrate at least partially overlaps with the projection of the first connection electrodes. The projection of the second short connection electrodes on the semiconductor substrate at least partially overlaps with the projection of the first short connection electrodes.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the solar cell further comprises: a plurality of first harpoon structures disposed on the first surface, extending in the second direction, and spaced apart in the first direction. The plurality of first harpoon structures are located in end regions in the second direction. The openings of the first harpoon structures face outwards from the cell sheet in the second direction. The first harpoon structures are in contact connection with one end of the plurality of first connection electrodes and the plurality of first short connection electrodes.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, under a bifacial cell framework, by setting first connection electrodes distributed at intervals, the light-shielding area and resistance loss on the surface of the solar cell can be balanced. At the same time, part of the wiring is connected to the connection electrodes distributed at intervals to sequentially connect the front and back sides of different cell wafers, which also increases the bonding force between the welding wire and the cell wafer, overcoming unstable welding quality and large surface resistance loss. At the same time, by optimizing the connection form between the first connection electrode and the wiring, the warping of the cell wafer can be effectively suppressed, thereby achieving the technical effects of improving the efficiency and service life of the solar cell. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Through the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the drawings, the above content and other objects, features, and advantages of the present disclosure will become clearer. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 Schematically shows an overall structure diagram of a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0018] Figure 2 Schematically shows a structure diagram of the front side of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0019] Figure 3 Schematically shows a structure diagram of the front side of a segmented solar cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0020] Figure 4 Schematically shows a partially enlarged structure diagram of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0021] Figure 5 Schematically shows a partial back structure diagram of a solar cell including a small pad according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0022] Figure 6 Schematically shows a partial structure diagram of a solar cell including an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023]

DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0024] 1 - Solar cell; 11 - Semiconductor substrate; 12 - First electrode; 13 - Second electrode; 14 - First connection electrode; 15 - Wiring; 16 - Second connection electrode; 17 - First short connection electrode; 18 - Second short connection electrode; 19 - First harpoon structure; 20 - Second harpoon structure; 21 - First tail pad; 22 - Second tail pad; 23 - Small pad; 24 - Antenna; 101 - First solar cell; 102 - Second solar cell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present disclosure more clearly understood, the following further elaborates on the present disclosure in detail with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0026] It should be noted that in the accompanying drawings or the description of the specification, similar or identical parts are all denoted by the same reference numerals. The technical features in the various embodiments exemplified in the specification can be freely combined to form a new solution on the premise of no conflict. Additionally, each claim can be regarded as an individual embodiment, or the technical features in each claim can be combined to form a new embodiment. Moreover, in the accompanying drawings, the shape or thickness of the embodiments can be enlarged, and they can be simplified or conveniently labeled. Furthermore, the elements or implementation manners not depicted or described in the accompanying drawings are in forms known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Additionally, although this document may provide examples of parameters including specific values, it should be understood that the parameters do not necessarily exactly equal the corresponding values, but can approximate the corresponding values within an acceptable error tolerance or design constraint.

[0027] Unless there are technical obstacles or contradictions, the above various embodiments of the present disclosure can be freely combined to form additional embodiments, and these additional embodiments are all within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

[0028] Although the present disclosure has been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the embodiments disclosed in the accompanying drawings are intended to exemplarily illustrate the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and should not be construed as a limitation on the present disclosure. The dimensional ratios in the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative and should not be construed as a limitation on the present disclosure.

[0029] Although some embodiments of the general concept of the present disclosure have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that changes can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the general concept of the present disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

[0030] Figure 1 Schematically shown is an overall structural diagram of a solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 Schematically shown is a structural diagram of the front side of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 Schematically shown is a structural diagram of the front side of a solar cell after being segmented according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0031] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the present disclosure provides a solar cell module, for example, including: a plurality of solar cells 1, each of the plurality of solar cells 1 including a semiconductor substrate 11, a first electrode 12 disposed on the first surface of the semiconductor substrate 11, extending along the first direction x, and spaced apart in the second direction y. And, a second electrode 13 disposed on the second surface of the semiconductor substrate 11, extending along the first direction x, and spaced apart in the second direction y. The first surface is opposite to the second surface. The first direction x intersects with the second direction y. A plurality of first connection electrodes 14 disposed on the first surface of the semiconductor substrate 11 and extending along the second direction y and spaced apart in the first direction x. A plurality of wirings 15 extending along the second direction y, the plurality of wirings 15 being disposed to electrically connect the first electrode 12 of the first solar cell 101 in the plurality of solar cells 1 to the second electrode 13 of the second solar cell 102 adjacent to the first solar cell 101. The first connection electrode 14 is in contact with and connected to at least half of the number of the first electrodes 12, or the extension length of the first connection electrode 14 in the second direction y is less than half of the length of the solar cell 1 in the second direction y. And each of the plurality of first connection electrodes 14 at least partially overlaps with the plurality of wirings 15 and is electrically connected. Two times the number of the plurality of first connection electrodes 14 is greater than the number of the plurality of wirings 15 , and the number of the plurality of first connection electrodes 14 is less than the number of the plurality of wirings 15 .

[0032] It should be noted that Figure 2 This is the structure of two solar cells before they are separated. After the electrodes are printed, they can be separated from the middle to obtain the upper and lower solar cells.

[0033] In some embodiments, the semiconductor substrate is, for example, a single crystal silicon wafer or a polycrystalline silicon wafer, and the thickness may be 100 micrometers, 110 micrometers, 120 micrometers, 130 micrometers, 140 micrometers, 160 micrometers, 180 micrometers or 200 micrometers.

[0034] The first electrode and the second electrode, for example, can be in direct contact with the doped semiconductor layer of the solar cell to collect photogenerated carriers. They can be achieved by printing a conductive paste or by a deposition process such as electroplating. The width range is 8 to 20 μm and is usually called a fine grid or current collection layer.

[0035] The first connecting electrode has a width ranging from 10 to 30 μm. The first connecting electrode and the first electrode may be made of the same or different materials. The first electrode needs to pass through the passivation film on the surface of the solar cell to collect electrons. The first connecting electrode may pass through the passivation film on the surface of the solar cell to collect electrons, or it may just be electrically connected to the first electrode and the wiring, so as to collect the current of the first electrode and strengthen the welding.

[0036] On the first surface, in addition to the first electrode, there is a series of first connection electrodes with similar widths. They are perpendicular to the first electrode (i.e., along the second direction) and are spaced apart in the first direction. The widths and positions of these first connection electrodes are designed such that they can contact at least half of the number of wirings 15 to ensure good current collection and distribution.

[0037] The first connection electrodes in the embodiments of the present disclosure are similar in width to the first electrode. While minimizing the light-shielding area, the contact with the solder strip is increased, and at the same time, the resistance loss on the battery surface is reduced, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency and service life of the battery. In addition, the first connection electrodes with a narrower width consume less metal paste and also have higher cost-effectiveness.

[0038] The wiring is, for example, a metal solder strip, which is used to electrically connect the front and back surfaces of adjacent solar cells and ensure a certain structural strength.

[0039] As an implementation, the wiring uses a circular metal solder strip, which includes a circular metal wire as the core layer and solder attached to the surface of the metal wire. The circular metal solder strip extends along the second direction and is used to connect the first electrode on the front surface of one solar cell to the second electrode on the back surface of an adjacent solar cell. Among them, a part of the circular metal solder strip covers the first connection electrode and is electrically connected to the first connection electrode to increase the bonding force between the wiring and the solar cell. At the same time, since the length of the first connection electrode along the second direction is less than that of the semiconductor substrate, the metal solder strip will not form an excessive welding adhesion force at the end of the semiconductor substrate, which is beneficial to reducing the pulling force of the metal solder strip on the edge of the solar cell and thus reducing the risk of hidden cracks caused by edge stress concentration. The number of wirings is less than twice the number of first connection electrodes and greater than the number of first connection electrodes, so that each first connection electrode is stably welded to the metal solder strip to improve the overall welding tensile force and form an effective current transmission network.

[0040] Multiple solar cells are connected in series through the above wiring method to form a module. Then, the entire module is encapsulated between a transparent front cover plate and a back plate to protect the battery from environmental impacts and enhance its durability.

[0041] According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, as the segmented solar cell, such as Figure 3As shown in the figure, the solar cell 1 includes a long side extending along the first direction x and a short side extending along the second direction y. The first connection electrode 14 extends in the second direction y, and the length of the first connection electrode 14 extending in the second direction y is greater than half of the length of the short side to ensure the welding stability with the wiring 15. In this embodiment, the number of wirings 15 is even and greater than 10. The two outermost wirings 15 along the first direction x at least partially cover and connect to the first connection electrode 14. And along the two ends in the first direction x towards the center direction of the solar cell 1, the wirings 15 alternately cover and connect to the first connection electrode 14.

[0042] As a preferred implementation, taking the center line of the cell in the long side direction as the boundary, the solar cell is divided into two regions, such as the left half region and the right half region. The left and right half regions have the same number of first connection electrodes respectively, so as to ensure the stress balance in the long side direction of the cell.

[0043] As a preferred implementation, taking the center line of the cell in the long side direction as the boundary, the solar cell is divided into two regions. The left and right half regions are respectively connected to an odd number of wirings. The first connection electrodes are arranged to be connected to the wirings at intervals. The solder tape closest to the short side of the solar cell is connected to the first connection electrode, that is, in the left half region, the wiring close to the short side is connected to the first connection electrode, and in the right half region, the wiring close to the short side is connected to the first connection electrode. Since the edge of the short side of the cell is the position where the warping displacement of the cell is the largest, the first connection electrode for welding with the wiring is arranged at the short side edge. Through the more tight and stable welding of the wiring and the first connection electrode, a certain amount of cell warping can be suppressed. And to ensure the stress balance, the wirings at both short side edge positions are connected to the first connection electrode.

[0044] The wiring near the center line is also connected to the first connection electrode. For the left and right half regions, a more balanced welding tension can be applied to the cell, and at the same time, the arching or depression in the middle region of the cell can be better suppressed.

[0045] As a preferred implementation, the number of first connection electrodes arranged in the left half region is the same as that in the right half region, and the number of wirings in the left half region is odd, and the number of wirings in the right half region is odd. The wirings and the first connection electrodes are arranged to be connected at intervals, that is, in each of the left and right half regions, along the second direction, the wirings and the first connection electrodes are alternately arranged, for example, the 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th wirings are connected to the first connection electrode, and the positions corresponding to the 2nd, 4th, and 6th wirings are not provided with the first connection electrode. This setting method can make the welding tension points more balanced. And compared with setting an even number of wirings in the left half region or the right half region, a strengthened welding tension can be formed in the middle region of the cell, and the warping of the cell can be more effectively suppressed.

[0046] It should be noted thatFigure 3 The circuit layout features shown above also apply to the back side of the solar cell, which will not be elaborated here.

[0047] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the solar cell 1 may further include: a plurality of first harpoon structures 19 disposed on the first surface, extending along the second direction y, and spaced apart along the first direction x. The plurality of first harpoon structures 19 are located in the end regions in the second direction y. The opening of the first harpoon structure 19 faces outward from the cell along the second direction y. The first harpoon structure 19 is in contact connection with one end of the plurality of first connection electrodes 14 and the plurality of first short connection electrodes 17. The first harpoon structures 19 are arranged in pairs, and the number thereof is twice the number of wirings to which they are connected, and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the wirings at the ends. The first connection electrodes extend continuously in the second direction, and are respectively electrically connected to the first harpoon structures at both ends. Of course, the first harpoon structures on one side can also be omitted. For example, the first harpoon structures are only provided on one long side of the solar cell. The arrangement of the first harpoon structures can avoid the adverse effects caused by the offset of the wiring at the end of the cell.

[0048] Figure 4 Schematically shows a partially enlarged structural view of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the first harpoon structure 19 further includes a first tail pad 21, and the first tail pad 21 is disposed at the end of the first harpoon structure 19 close to the inside of the solar cell 1, and the first tail pad 21 at least partially overlaps with the wiring 15.

[0050] In some embodiments, the first tail pad is added to the harpoon structure to further enhance the current transmission and the connection stability of the wiring.

[0051] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, the solar cell module further includes: a plurality of first short connection electrodes 17 disposed on the first surface, the first short connection electrodes 17 extend along the second direction y, and are disposed in the opposite end regions of the first surface along the second direction y. The first short connection electrodes 17 are connected to 2 to 5 first electrodes 12 in a manner that crosses the first electrode 12, and the first short connection electrodes 17 are in contact connection with the wirings 15 in the wirings 15 that are not connected to the first connection electrodes 14. The first connection electrodes 14 and the first short connection electrodes 17 are arranged alternately from the two ends in the first direction x towards the center. In the arrangement of the first connection electrodes 14 and the first short connection electrodes 17, the two closest to the two ends of the solar cell in the first direction x are two of the plurality of first connection electrodes 14.

[0052] In some embodiments, the plurality of first short connection electrodes 17 are in contact connection with at least one wiring 15 among the plurality of wirings 15 that is not in direct contact connection with the first connection electrode 14. As Figure 4 shown, the first short connection electrode 17 is provided at the tail of the first harpoon structure that is not connected to the first connection electrode, and is connected to the first tail pad of the first harpoon structure. At the same time, the first short connection electrode 17 is cross-connected with a certain number of first electrodes, and the number of first electrodes cross-connected with the first short connection electrode does not exceed 5, so as to control the cost on the basis of ensuring a stable connection with the wiring. The difference between the first connection electrode and the first short connection electrode is that the first connection electrode pays more attention to overall enhancing the welding stability with the wiring in the second direction of the battery, while the first short connection electrode only needs to consider supplementing and enhancing the connection of the wiring at a specific position, such as the end position of the solar cell, so as to avoid the offset of the wiring. By combining the reasonable layout of the first connection electrode and the first short connection electrode, the cost and welding stability can be balanced as a whole.

[0053] Figure 5 Schematically shows a partial back view of a solar cell including a small pad according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0054] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as Figure 5 shown, the solar cell module further includes: a plurality of second connection electrodes 16 provided on the second surface of the semiconductor substrate 11, extending along the second direction y, and spaced apart along the first direction x. The second connection electrode 16 is in contact connection with at least half of the number of second electrodes 13, or the extension length of the second connection electrode 16 in the second direction y is greater than half of the length of the solar cell 1 in the second direction y. The wiring 15 covering and connecting with the first connection electrode 14 of the first solar cell 101 is simultaneously covering and connecting with the second connection electrode 16 of the second solar cell 102. And a plurality of second short connection electrodes 18 provided on the second surface, the second short connection electrodes 18 extending along the second direction y and provided in the opposite end regions of the second surface along the second direction y, and the second short connection electrodes 18 are connected to 2 to 5 second electrodes 13 in a manner of crossing the second electrodes 13. The projection of the second connection electrode 16 and the first connection electrode 14 on the semiconductor substrate at least partially overlap. The projection of the second short connection electrode 18 and the first short connection electrode 17 on the semiconductor substrate 11 at least partially overlap.

[0055] In some embodiments, the second surface of the solar cell 1 includes a second surface electrode structure, which may have the same or similar design as the above first surface electrode structure. For example, it may include a second electrode, a second connection electrode, a second harpoon structure, a second short connection electrode, and a second tail pad. In a preferred solution, the number of second electrodes is greater than that of the first electrodes. The number and distribution of the second connection electrodes are the same as those of the first connection electrodes, but the end positions of the first connection electrode and the second connection electrode may be staggered in the second direction because generally, the first tail pad and the second tail pad on the front and back surfaces are staggered in the second direction to avoid the problem of stress concentration on the front and back surfaces. The same number and distribution of the second connection electrodes as those of the first connection electrodes are beneficial to the balance of the overall tensile force on the front and back surfaces and avoid warping and hidden cracks of the solar cell.

[0056] As an implementation manner of the present disclosure, as Figure 5 shown, small pads 23 may also be added at the intersection of the first electrode and the wiring and / or at the intersection of the first electrode and the wiring to enhance welding. The shape of the small pad 23 may be rectangular or may have a gradually changing width. When the small pad is rectangular, the length ranges from 0.8 mm to 2 mm, and the width ranges from 0.2 mm to 1 mm.

[0057] It should be noted that Figure 5 the line layout features shown also apply to the front surface of the solar cell and will not be elaborated here.

[0058] Figure 6 Schematically shows a partial structural diagram of a solar cell including tentacles according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0059] As an implementation manner of the present disclosure, as Figure 6As shown, the small pads 23 can also be replaced by the tentacles 24 at the intersection of the first electrode and the wiring and / or at the intersection of the first electrode and the wiring. The dimensional parameters of the tentacles 24 are, for example: 0.02 mm (edge width) * 0.04 mm (width at the widest point) * 1.2 mm (length). The advantages of such a design are as follows: First, it improves the fault tolerance rate of the fine grid fusing at the lap joint with the solder ribbon during solder ribbon welding. For the 0BB first welding and then dispensing solution, when the solder melts at high temperature, the fine grid is relatively thin and prone to fusing, resulting in blackening of the component EL. Adding the tentacle design can better avoid such phenomena. Second, the width of the fine grid line is relatively narrow, and the contact with the solder ribbon presents a point contact. On the one hand, this leads to a relatively large wire resistance for current conduction, causing the component to heat up. On the other hand, point contact will greatly increase the risk of unqualified local tensile force. Adding the tentacle design thus increases the contact points between the fine grid and the solder ribbon, effectively completing the transmission of photo-generated carriers while avoiding the tensile force risk. At the same time, the high temperature during string soldering will introduce flux and other organic substances into the contact points between the solder ribbon and the fine grid. The tentacles widen the contact points, reduce the resistance value, and promote current transmission. The tentacles are evenly distributed along with the fine grid. During solder ribbon welding, each tentacle can form a good contact point with the solder ribbon. The uniform and large number of contact points can provide a good tensile force effect for the battery string, and thus the role of the end solder joints in terms of tensile force can be relatively weakened, reducing the solder joints to meet the requirements of cost reduction and efficiency improvement.

[0060] Taking 10 first connection electrodes and 10 second connection electrodes as an example, a specific embodiment of the present disclosure will be introduced below:

[0061] Each cell has 10 first connection electrodes and 10 second connection electrodes. The number of wirings is 18, meeting the connection requirements of all connection electrodes.

[0062] The first harpoon structure is arranged at both ends of the first surface (such as the front surface), extends along the second direction, and is spaced along the first direction. The opening of the first harpoon structure faces outward from the cell along the second direction, ensuring contact connection with one end of the first connection electrode and the first short connection electrode. These harpoon structures provide an additional current collection path, especially in the edge region of the cell, improving the lateral current collection efficiency.

[0063] The second harpoon structure is arranged at both ends of the second surface (such as the back surface), extends along the second direction, and is spaced along the first direction. The opening of the second harpoon structure also faces outward from the cell along the second direction, ensuring contact connection with one end of the second connection electrode and the second short connection electrode. The function of the second harpoon structure is similar to that of the first harpoon structure, aiming to optimize the current collection in the edge region.

[0064] At both ends of the front side of the solar cell, the first harpoon structure will contact the first connection electrode or the first short connection electrode to ensure the effective collection and transmission of current in the edge region. The harpoon structure can be designed as multiple slender metal line segments, with one end of each metal line segment bent or folded into a harpoon shape for contacting the connection electrode. For example, the width of the metal line segments of the first harpoon structure is 40 - 50 μm, which is wider than the first connection electrode and the first electrode, facilitating the collection of current and improving the welding strength at the edge of the solar cell.

[0065] At both ends of the back side of the solar cell, the second harpoon structure will contact the second connection electrode or the second short connection electrode, playing a similar role, that is, optimizing the current collection and transmission in the edge region.

[0066] At both ends of the front side of the solar cell, there are 18 first harpoon structures each, corresponding one - to - one with the wiring. Similarly, at both ends of the back side of the solar cell, there are 18 second harpoon structures each, corresponding one - to - one with the wiring.

[0067] By introducing the harpoon structure at both ends of the front and back sides of the solar cell, the current collection in the edge region can be further strengthened, which is crucial for improving the overall performance and reliability of the module. The design of the harpoon structure not only increases the current collection points but also improves the lateral transmission efficiency of the current and reduces the resistance loss through its unique shape and layout. In addition, the design of the harpoon combined with the short connection electrode can better solve the risk of hidden cracks in the series soldering of components. The solder ribbon only connects to the top of the harpoon and passes through the middle of the harpoon, which better solves the risks such as solar cell fragmentation and hidden cracks caused by the soldering of the edge of the solder ribbon, increasing the yield of the components.

[0068] The end of the first harpoon structure close to the inside of the solar cell is provided with a first tail pad, whose area is large enough to ensure partial overlap with the wiring, providing a stable welding point. The existence of the first tail pad strengthens the electrical connection between the first harpoon structure and the wiring, reduces the contact resistance, and improves the efficiency and reliability of current transmission. The length range of the first tail pad is 1.2 mm - 2 mm, preferably 1.63 mm. The width range of the first tail pad is 0.1 mm - 0.5 mm, preferably 0.3 mm. The ratio of the dimension of the first tail pad along the extension direction of the first short connection electrode to the length of the first short connection electrode is 1 / 5 - 1 / 10. Within this range, while ensuring the stability of the solder ribbon welding, the electrode material can be minimized as much as possible. The small - sized pad is also beneficial for reducing optical occlusion and improving the solar cell efficiency.

[0069] The second harpoon structure also has a second tail pad at its end near the inside of the solar cell. Similar to the first tail pad, the second tail pad ensures overlap with the wiring part, provides additional soldering points, and optimizes the electrical connection between the second harpoon structure and the wiring. For example, the second tail pad does not completely coincide with the projection of the second tail pad on the solar cell to disperse the tensile stress of the solder ribbon on the edge of the solar cell and reduce the risk of hidden cracks.

[0070] At both ends of the front side of the cell, the tail pads of the first harpoon structure will overlap with the wiring part to ensure a stable electrical connection. This design allows current to pass through the direct connection of the tail pad and the wiring, reduces resistance loss, and improves the current transmission efficiency.

[0071] At both ends of the back side of the cell, the tail pads of the second harpoon structure also overlap with the wiring part to provide a reliable electrical connection and ensure the efficient transmission of current.

[0072] Preferably, the first connection electrodes on the front and back sides correspond to the second connection electrodes one by one and are arranged at intervals relative to the first harpoon structure and the second harpoon structure in the first direction. That is, the same wiring is connected to the first connection electrode of the first solar cell and also to the second connection electrode of the second solar cell. In this way, the stress balance of the same wiring between adjacent solar cells can be ensured.

[0073] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the difference between twice the number of multiple first connection electrodes and the number of multiple wirings is 2, and the number of first connection electrodes is an even number greater than or equal to 6.

[0074] In some embodiments, the number of wirings is preferably set to a specific even number, such as 10, 14, 18, 22, 26, 30, to meet special symmetry requirements in combination with the electrode pattern. As Figure 2 and 3 shown in the symmetry requirements of the first connection electrodes, the number of wirings needs to satisfy: the number of wirings = (2 × the number of first connection electrodes) - 2, that is, (2 × the number of first connection electrodes) - the number of wirings = 2, and the number of first connection electrodes is an even number. For example, when the number of first connection electrodes is 6, the number of wirings is 10; when the number of first connection electrodes is 8, the number of wirings is 14; when the number of electrodes is 10, the number of wirings is 18; when the number of electrodes is 12, the number of wirings is 22; when the number of electrodes is 14, the number of wirings is 26; when the number of electrodes is 16, the number of wirings is 30. Such a setting can ensure the stress and tension in the edge and central regions, and enhance the stability of the middle region, so that the effect of suppressing the warping of the cell is more obvious.

[0075] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the disclosure process is an example of an exemplary method. Based on design preferences, it should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the process can be rearranged without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The appended method claims present the elements of the various steps in an exemplary order and are not intended to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy.

[0076] It should also be noted that the directional terms mentioned in the embodiments, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., are only references to the directions in the drawings and are not used to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Throughout the drawings, the same elements are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals. When it may cause confusion in the understanding of the present disclosure, the conventional structures or configurations will be omitted. And the shapes, sizes, and positional relationships of the components in the drawings do not reflect the actual sizes, proportions, and actual positional relationships.

[0077] In the above detailed description, various features are combined in a single embodiment to simplify the present disclosure. This method of disclosure should not be construed as reflecting an intention that the embodiments of the claimed subject matter require more features than are clearly recited in each claim. On the contrary, as reflected in the appended claims, the present disclosure is in a state less than the full features of the disclosed single embodiment. Therefore, the appended claims are hereby clearly incorporated into the detailed description, where each claim stands alone as a separate preferred embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0078] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present disclosure, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined. Regarding the term "comprising" used in the specification or claims, the manner in which this term encompasses is similar to the term "including", as explained when "including" is used as a transitional term in the claims. Any use of the term "or" in the specification or claims of the claims is intended to mean "non-exclusive or".

[0079] The specific embodiments described above have further elaborated on the purpose, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present disclosure and are not used to limit the present disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A solar cell module, characterized in that, Comprising: A plurality of solar cells, each of the plurality of solar cells comprising a semiconductor substrate, a first electrode disposed on a first surface of the semiconductor substrate, extending in a first direction, and spaced apart in a second direction; And a second electrode disposed on a second surface of the semiconductor substrate, extending in the first direction, and spaced apart in the second direction; The first surface is opposite to the second surface; the first direction intersects the second direction; A plurality of first connection electrodes disposed on the first surface of the semiconductor substrate and including a plurality of first connection electrodes extending in the second direction and spaced apart in the first direction; A plurality of wirings extending in the second direction, the plurality of wirings being arranged to electrically connect the first electrode of a first solar cell among the plurality of solar cells to the second electrode of a second solar cell adjacent to the first solar cell; The first connection electrode is in contact connection with at least half of the number of the first electrodes, or the extension length of the first connection electrode in the second direction is greater than half of the length of the solar cell in the second direction; and each of the plurality of first connection electrodes at least partially overlaps and is electrically connected to the plurality of wirings; Twice the number of the plurality of first connection electrodes is greater than the number of the plurality of wirings, and the number of the plurality of first connection electrodes is less than the number of the plurality of wirings.

2. The solar cell module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The difference between twice the number of the plurality of first connection electrodes and the number of the plurality of wirings is 2, and the number of the first connection electrodes is an even number greater than or equal to 6.

3. The solar cell module according to claim 2, wherein, The two outermost wirings in the first direction at least partially cover and connect the first connection electrodes; and along the two end portions in the first direction towards the center direction of the solar cell, the wirings respectively alternately cover and connect the first connection electrodes.

4. The solar cell module according to claim 3, characterized in that, Further comprising: A plurality of first short connection electrodes disposed on the first surface, the first short connection electrodes extending in the second direction and disposed in opposite end regions of the first surface in the second direction, the first short connection electrodes connecting 2 to 5 of the first electrodes in a manner intersecting the first electrodes, and the first short connection electrodes being in contact connection with the wirings that are not connected to the first connection electrodes.

5. The solar cell module according to claim 4, characterized in that, Further comprising at least one of the following: A plurality of first harpoon structures disposed on the first surface, extending in the second direction, and spaced apart in the first direction; the plurality of first harpoon structures are located in end regions in the second direction; the openings of the first harpoon structures face outwards of the cell along the second direction; the first harpoon structures are in contact connection with one end of the plurality of first connection electrodes or the plurality of first short connection electrodes.

6. The solar cell module according to claim 5, wherein The first harpoon structure further includes a first tail pad, the first tail pad being disposed at an end of the first harpoon structure close to the inside of the solar cell, and the first tail pad at least partially overlapping the wiring.

7. The solar cell module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that Further comprising: A plurality of second connection electrodes disposed on the second surface of the semiconductor substrate, extending in the second direction, and spaced apart in the first direction; The second connection electrode is in contact connection with at least half of the second electrodes, or the extension length of the second connection electrode in the second direction is greater than half of the length of the solar cell in the second direction; the wiring covering and connecting with the first connection electrode of the first solar cell is simultaneously in covering connection with the second connection electrode of the second solar cell.

8. A solar cell, characterized in that, Comprising: A semiconductor substrate, a first electrode disposed on a first surface of the semiconductor substrate, extending in a first direction, and spaced apart in a second direction; The first direction intersects with the second direction; A plurality of first connection electrodes disposed on the first surface of the semiconductor substrate and including extending in the second direction and spaced apart in the first direction; the first connection electrode is in contact connection with at least half of the first electrodes, or the extension length of the first connection electrode in the second direction is greater than half of the length of the solar cell in the second direction; A plurality of first short connection electrodes disposed on the first surface, the first short connection electrodes extending in the second direction and disposed in opposite end regions of the first surface in the second direction, the first short connection electrodes connecting 2 to 5 of the first electrodes in a manner intersecting with the first electrodes; The number of the first connection electrodes is an even number greater than or equal to 6; the first connection electrodes and the first short connection electrodes are arranged alternately from two ends in the first direction towards the center; in the arrangement of the first connection electrodes and the first short connection electrodes, the two closest to the two ends of the solar cell in the first direction are two of the plurality of first connection electrodes.

9. The solar cell according to claim 8, characterized in that, Further comprising: A plurality of second connection electrodes disposed on a second surface of the semiconductor substrate and extending in the second direction and spaced apart in the first direction; The second connection electrode is in contact connection with at least half of the second electrodes, or the extension length of the second connection electrode in the second direction is greater than half of the length of the solar cell in the second direction; A plurality of second short connection electrodes disposed on the second surface, the second short connection electrodes extending in the second direction and disposed in opposite end regions of the second surface in the second direction, the second short connection electrodes connecting 2 to 5 of the second electrodes in a manner intersecting with the second electrodes; The projection of the second connection electrode on the semiconductor substrate at least partially overlaps with the projection of the first connection electrode; The projection of the second short connection electrode on the semiconductor substrate at least partially overlaps with the projection of the first short connection electrode.

10. The solar cell according to claim 8, characterized in that, Further comprising: A plurality of first harpoon structures disposed on the first surface, extending in the second direction and spaced apart in the first direction; the plurality of first harpoon structures are located in end regions in the second direction; the openings of the first harpoon structures face outside the cell in the second direction; the first harpoon structures are in contact connection with one end of the plurality of first connection electrodes and the plurality of first short connection electrodes.

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