Fixture for multidirectional drilling and groove milling of biaxial workpiece

Abstract

The utility model relates to a clamp, in particular to a clamp for multidirectional drilling and groove milling of a biaxial workpiece. The utility model relates to a two-shaft clamp, which solves the technical problem that the existing clamp cannot clamp and position a plurality of groups of processing holes and processing grooves on a two-shaft, and comprises an annular body, and the included angle between the projections of the axial leads of a positioning hole and a threaded hole on the annular body in a radial plane is equal to the included angle between the projections of the axial leads of a first processing hole and a third processing hole on the two-shaft in the radial plane. The end of the set screw abuts against the interior of a second-shaft tooth groove where the first machining hole is located, and the included angle between the connecting line of the center of the positioning groove in the annular body and the axis of the annular body in the radial direction and the projection of the axis of the threaded hole in the radial plane is equal to the included angle between the projection of the axis of the first machining hole in the second shaft and the projection of the axis of the second machining hole in the radial plane. A plurality of groups of machining holes and machining grooves are subjected to indexing through the prefabricated positioning holes and positioning grooves, and what kind of machining is carried out in the tooth grooves can be known only by observing whether the positioning holes or the positioning grooves are formed in the corresponding tooth grooves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a fixture, in particular to a fixture for multi-directional drilling and milling of two-axis workpieces. Background Art

[0002] The transmission is one of the important components of an automobile. The power of the automobile engine is input through the first shaft of the transmission, and different gears are obtained through the meshing of each gear set on the intermediate shaft and finally output through the second shaft. In order to transmit torque, multiple gears and other transmission components need to be connected to the second shaft. Therefore, a large number of key grooves and holes need to be machined on it, and these key grooves and holes are distributed along the circumference in the tooth grooves at different positions of the second shaft. As Figures 1 - 3 shown, a second shaft 1 to be machined is provided with a first machining hole 11, a first machining groove 12, a second machining hole 13, a second machining groove 14 and a third machining hole 15. The first machining hole 11 and the first machining groove 12 are located in the same tooth groove and are distributed axially. The second machining hole 13 and the second machining groove 14 are located in the same tooth groove and are distributed axially. The first machining hole 11, the second machining hole 13 and the third machining hole 15 are distributed along the circumference in the tooth grooves at different positions of the second shaft 1. This results in that during machining, the worker needs to first position and machine the first machining hole 11 and the first machining groove 12. After the machining is completed, manually rotate the second shaft 1 and observe the number of tooth grooves rotated. When rotating to the corresponding tooth groove, machine the second machining hole 13 and the second machining groove 14. Finally, rotate the second shaft 1 again and observe the number of tooth grooves rotated to complete the machining of the third machining hole 15. During machining, problems often occur such as inaccurate manual rotation counting resulting in incorrect drilling and milling positions, and inability to install during the assembly of the transmission.

[0003] The Chinese patent with the authorization announcement number CN202804700U discloses a fixture for milling key grooves, which can be used for key groove center machining of shaft-shaped workpieces. It includes a body, which is circular ring-shaped, and axial tooth grooves are evenly distributed on its inner circle. A plane is machined on the outer circle of the body, and this plane is perpendicular to the center line along the radial direction of the body of the tooth crest between two adjacent tooth grooves on the inner circle of the body. A radial through hole with internal threads is provided at the center position of the plane on the body. Using this fixture for key groove center machining of shaft-shaped workpieces has high precision and high efficiency, and is suitable for mass production. However, this fixture can only position the positions of a group of machining holes and cannot realize the clamping and positioning of multiple groups of machining holes and machining grooves on the above-mentioned second shaft. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the technical problem that the existing fixture cannot clamp and position multiple groups of machining holes and machining grooves on the second shaft, and to provide a fixture for multi-directional drilling and milling of two-axis workpieces.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A fixture for multi-directional drilling and milling of two-axis workpieces, characterized in that:

[0007] It includes an annular body;

[0008] An internal spline for mating with the external spline of the two-axis to be clamped is provided on the inner wall of the annular body;

[0009] Threaded holes are radially opened on the annular body, and set screws are screwed into the threaded holes; positioning holes are radially opened on the annular body; positioning grooves are axially opened on the outer wall of the annular body;

[0010] The included angle between the projection of the axis of the positioning hole and the axis of the threaded hole in the radial plane is equal to the included angle between the projections of the axes of the first processing hole and the third processing hole on the two-axis in the radial plane, and the end of the set screw is used to abut against the tooth groove of the two-axis where the first processing hole is located;

[0011] The included angle between the radial connection line of the center of the positioning groove and the axis of the annular body and the projection of the axis of the threaded hole in the radial plane is equal to the included angle between the projections of the axes of the first processing hole and the second processing hole on the two-axis in the radial plane.

[0012] Further, the tooth thickness of the internal spline of the annular body is 0.05 mm - 0.15 mm smaller than the tooth thickness of the external spline of the two-axis.

[0013] Further, the tooth thickness of the internal spline of the annular body is 0.1 mm smaller than the tooth thickness of the external spline of the two-axis.

[0014] Further, the included angle between the radial connection line of the center of the positioning groove and the axis of the annular body and the projection of the axis of the positioning hole in the radial plane is greater than 70° and less than 100°;

[0015] The included angle between the projection of the axis of the positioning hole and the axis of the threaded hole in the radial plane is greater than 70° and less than 100°.

[0016] Further, the number of teeth of the internal spline of the annular body and the number of teeth of the external spline of the two-axis are both 19.

[0017] Further, the material of the annular body is 45# steel.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

[0019] (1) The fixture for multi-directional drilling and milling of two-axis workpieces provided by the present utility model includes an annular body. The annular body is sleeved on the two-axis by the internal spline provided on its inner wall and mating with the external spline of the two-axis.

[0020] The included angle between the projection of the positioning hole on the annular body and the axis of the threaded hole in the radial plane is equal to the included angle between the projections of the axes of the first processing hole and the third processing hole on the second shaft in the radial plane, and the end of the set screw abuts against the tooth groove of the second shaft where the first processing hole is located. In this way, the axial movement of the annular body can be restricted by the set screw. The included angle between the radial connection line of the center of the positioning groove on the annular body and the axis of the annular body and the projection of the axis of the threaded hole in the radial plane is equal to the included angle between the projections of the axes of the first processing hole and the second processing hole on the second shaft in the radial plane. When in use, only need to sleeved the annular body on the second shaft and make the end of the set screw abut against the tooth groove of the second shaft where the first processing hole is located. Then, during processing, there is no need to manually count the number of rotated tooth grooves. The multi-group processing holes and processing grooves are indexed through the prefabricated positioning holes and positioning grooves. Just by observing whether it is a positioning hole or a positioning groove on the corresponding tooth groove, it can be known what kind of processing is to be carried out in this tooth groove, saving the time of manual rotation counting and avoiding misalignment of angles, with simple operation.

[0021] (2) In the fixture for multi-directional drilling and milling of two-axis workpieces provided by the present utility model, the tooth thickness of the internal spline of the annular body is 0.05 mm - 0.15 mm smaller than the tooth thickness of the external spline of the second shaft, which can facilitate the sleeving of the annular body on the second shaft without significant shaking. In the present utility model, the tooth thickness of the internal spline of the annular body is 0.1 mm smaller than the tooth thickness of the external spline of the second shaft, reducing the processing difficulty. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second shaft for clamping and positioning in the embodiment of the fixture for multi-directional drilling and milling of two-axis workpieces of the present utility model Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 2 is Figure 1 T-T view of;

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second shaft for clamping and positioning in the embodiment of the fixture for multi-directional drilling and milling of two-axis workpieces of the present utility model Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the embodiment of the fixture for multi-directional drilling and milling of two-axis workpieces of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the distribution of the positioning holes, threaded holes and positioning grooves in the embodiment of the fixture for multi-directional drilling and milling of two-axis workpieces of the present utility model;

[0027] Figure 6This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a fixture for multi-directional drilling and milling of two-axis workpieces according to the present utility model in a use state.

[0028] The reference numerals are explained as follows:

[0029] 1 - two-axis, 11 - first processing hole, 12 - first processing groove, 13 - second processing hole, 14 - second processing groove, 15 - third processing hole; 2 - annular body, 21 - set screw, 22 - positioning hole, 23 - positioning groove. Specific embodiments

[0030] The present utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Refer to Figures 1 - 3 , in the two-axis 1 to be clamped in the present utility model, there are provided a first processing hole 11, a first processing groove 12, a second processing hole 13, a second processing groove 14, and a third processing hole 15. Among them, the first processing hole 11 and the first processing groove 12 are located in the same tooth groove and are axially distributed, the second processing hole 13 and the second processing groove 14 are located in the same tooth groove and are axially distributed, and the first processing hole 11, the second processing hole 13, and the third processing hole 15 are circumferentially distributed in the tooth grooves at different positions of the two-axis 1.

[0032] A fixture for multi-directional drilling and milling of two-axis workpieces according to the present utility model is as Figures 4 - 6 shown. It includes an annular body 2. An internal spline for cooperating with the external spline of the two-axis 1 is provided on the inner wall of the annular body 2. The number of teeth of the internal spline of the annular body 2 and the number of teeth of the external spline of the two-axis 1 are both 19. The entire annular body 2 is made of 45# steel, with high structural strength and suitable for repeated use. And in order to facilitate the sleeving of the annular body 2 on the two-axis 1, the tooth thickness of the internal spline of the annular body 2 is 0.05 mm - 0.15 mm smaller than the tooth thickness of the external spline of the two-axis 1. Within this range, the annular body 2 will not shake greatly when sleeved on the two-axis 1. However, considering the influence of machining accuracy on machining difficulty and cost, in this embodiment, the tooth thickness of the internal spline of the annular body 2 is 0.1 mm smaller than the tooth thickness of the external spline of the two-axis 1, reducing the machining difficulty and cost.

[0033] A threaded hole is radially provided on the annular body 2, and a set screw 21 is screwed into the threaded hole. A positioning hole 22 is radially provided on the annular body 2, and a positioning groove 23 is also axially provided on the outer wall of the annular body 2. Among them, the included angle between the projection of the axis of the positioning hole 22 and the threaded hole in the radial plane is equal to the included angle between the projections of the axes of the first processing hole 11 and the third processing hole 15 on the two-axis 1 in the radial plane, and the end of the set screw 21 abuts against the tooth groove of the two-axis 1 where the first processing hole 11 is located. The axial movement of the annular body 2 is restricted by the set screw 21, with a simple structure and convenient operation.

[0034] The included angle between the radial connection line of the center of the positioning groove 23 and the axis of the annular body 2 and the projection of the axis of the threaded hole in the radial plane is equal to the included angle between the projections of the axes of the first processing hole 11 and the second processing hole 13 on the first shaft 1 in the radial plane. And the included angle between the radial connection line of the center of the positioning groove 23 and the axis of the annular body 2 and the projection of the axis of the positioning hole 22 in the radial plane is greater than 70° and less than 100°. In this embodiment, the included angle is 94°52'; the included angle between the projection of the axis of the positioning hole 22 and the axis of the threaded hole in the radial plane is greater than 70° and less than 100°. In this embodiment, the included angle is 94°36'.

[0035]

[0034] During use, first align the threaded hole with the tooth groove where the first processing hole 11 and the first processing groove 12 are located, and then tighten the set screw 21 so that the entire annular body 2 will not slide along the axial direction. At this time, the tooth groove corresponding to the threaded hole is the tooth groove where the first processing hole 11 and the first processing groove 12 are located. Align this tooth groove with the tool on the machine tool. Since the machining program has been edited in the machine tool, it will automatically move to the axial position where the first processing hole 11 and the first processing groove 12 are located for machining. After the machining is completed, the worker only needs to check whether it is a positioning hole or a positioning groove on the corresponding tooth groove to know what needs to be machined in the corresponding tooth groove. In this embodiment, the next program edited in the machine tool is to machine the second processing hole 13 and the second processing groove 14. Then align the tooth groove corresponding to the positioning groove 23 with the tool, and the machine tool automatically completes the machining of the second processing hole 13 and the second processing groove 14. Then align the tooth groove corresponding to the positioning hole 22 with the tool, and the machine tool automatically completes the machining of the third processing hole 15. During the machining process, there is no need to manually count the number of tooth grooves rotated. Just observing whether it is the positioning hole 22 or the positioning groove 23 corresponding to the tooth groove can tell what kind of machining needs to be performed in the tooth groove, saving time and not prone to errors.

[0036] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the specific implementation manners of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fixture for multi-directional drilling and milling slots of two-axis workpieces, characterized in that: It includes an annular body (2); An internal spline for mating with the external spline of the two-axis (1) to be clamped is provided on the inner wall of the annular body (2); Threaded holes are radially formed in the annular body (2), and set screws (21) are screwed into the threaded holes; positioning holes (22) are radially formed in the annular body (2); positioning grooves (23) are axially formed on the outer wall of the annular body (2); The included angle between the projection of the axis of the positioning hole (22) and the threaded hole on the radial plane is equal to the included angle between the axes of the first processing hole (11) and the third processing hole (15) on the two-axis (1) projected on the radial plane, and the end of the set screw (21) is used to abut against the tooth groove of the two-axis (1) where the first processing hole (11) is located; The included angle between the radial connection line of the center of the positioning groove (23) and the axis of the annular body (2) and the projection of the axis of the threaded hole on the radial plane is equal to the included angle between the axes of the first processing hole (11) and the second processing hole (13) on the two-axis (1) projected on the radial plane.

2. The fixture for multi-directional drilling and milling slots of two-axis workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooth thickness of the internal spline of the annular body (2) is 0.05 mm - 0.15 mm smaller than the tooth thickness of the external spline of the two-axis (1).

3. The fixture for multi-directional drilling and milling slots of two-axis workpieces according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tooth thickness of the internal spline of the annular body (2) is 0.1 mm smaller than the tooth thickness of the external spline of the two-axis (1).

4. The fixture for multi-directional drilling and milling slots of two-axis workpieces according to claim 3, characterized in that: The included angle between the radial connection line of the center of the positioning groove (23) and the axis of the annular body (2) and the projection of the axis of the positioning hole (22) on the radial plane is greater than 70° and less than 100°; The included angle between the projection of the axis of the positioning hole (22) and the threaded hole on the radial plane is greater than 70° and less than 100°.

5. The fixture for multi-directional drilling and milling slots of two-axis workpieces according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both the number of teeth of the internal spline of the annular body (2) and the number of teeth of the external spline of the two-axis (1) are 19.

6. The fixture for multi-directional drilling and milling slots of two-axis workpieces according to claim 5, characterized in that: The material of the annular body (2) is 45# steel.

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