Hydraulic four-wheel-drive control valve group structure for harvesting machinery

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of harvesting machinery, in particular to a hydraulic four-wheel-drive control valve group structure for harvesting machinery. The hydraulic valve group comprises a proportional valve I and a proportional valve II which are controlled by four-wheel drive, and is connected with a constant displacement motor I and a constant displacement motor II through oil ways to drive a rear drive axle assembly and a front drive axle assembly; the rear axle clutch comprises an electromagnetic valve I and an electromagnetic valve II and is connected with the rear drive axle assembly through an oil way to switch front-drive, rear-drive and four-drive states; the rotating speed sensors are located on the rear drive axle assembly and the front drive axle assembly respectively and used for detecting the front wheel rotating speed n1 and the rear wheel rotating speed n2. The controller is connected with the rotating speed sensor through a signal line and connected with the hydraulic valve set and the rear axle clutch through control lines. Through the hydraulic valve group, the rear axle clutch, the rotating speed sensor and the controller, flexible switching of four-wheel-drive states is achieved, meanwhile, the rotating speed of front and rear wheels is monitored and adjusted, and stable operation of the machine is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of harvesting machinery, and particularly relates to a hydraulic four-wheel drive control valve group structure for a harvesting machine. Background Art

[0002] In the vast field of agricultural mechanization operations, harvesting machines face diverse and complex terrains and operating environment challenges, which pose more stringent requirements for the flexible response ability and operating stability of the drive system. To overcome these technical problems, technicians in this field have continuously explored and put into practice. For example, the anti-slip system for the hydraulic drive of the road milling machine shown in Chinese Patent CN204715185U integrates key components such as an oil tank, an oil suction filter, a walking supplementary oil pump, a walking pump, a front walking fixed-displacement motor, a front speed sensor, a controller, a front axle, and a rear axle, and innovatively adds a rear walking variable-displacement motor, a rear speed sensor, and an electro-hydraulic proportional relief valve, significantly enhancing the adaptability of the equipment. However, although the above patent solution has made positive progress in improving the mechanical performance, in actual applications, it still faces key problems such as the switching of the four-wheel drive mode not being smooth enough and the speed regulation of the front and rear wheels not being accurate enough, which directly restrict the improvement of the operation efficiency and the overall stability of the mechanical equipment. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is: to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a hydraulic four-wheel drive control valve group structure for a harvesting machine.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0005] A hydraulic four-wheel drive control valve group structure for a harvesting machine, comprising:

[0006] A hydraulic valve group, including proportional valve I and proportional valve II for four-wheel drive control, connected to fixed-displacement motor I and fixed-displacement motor II through an oil circuit to drive the rear drive axle assembly and the front drive axle assembly;

[0007] A rear axle clutch, including solenoid valve I and solenoid valve II, connected to the rear drive axle assembly through an oil circuit to switch the front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive, and four-wheel drive states;

[0008] Speed sensors, respectively located on the rear drive axle assembly and the front drive axle assembly, for detecting the front-wheel speed n1 and the rear-wheel speed n2;

[0009] A controller, connected to the speed sensors through signal lines and connected to the hydraulic valve group and the rear axle clutch through control lines.

[0010] This technical solution uses a hydraulic valve group, a rear axle clutch, a rotational speed sensor, and a controller to achieve effective drive of the front and rear drive axles of a harvesting machine and flexible switching of the four-wheel drive state. At the same time, it monitors and adjusts the rotational speeds of the front and rear wheels to ensure the stable operation of the machine. Specifically, the hydraulic valve group achieves precise control of hydraulic oil through proportional valve I and proportional valve II; the proportional valve can adjust the opening of the valve core according to the instructions of the controller, thereby controlling the on / off and flow rate of the oil circuit, enabling the hydraulic valve group to flexibly drive fixed-displacement motor I and fixed-displacement motor II, and further controlling the rotational speeds of the rear drive axle assembly and the front drive axle assembly; fixed-displacement motors I and II are respectively connected to the front and rear drive axle assemblies, converting hydraulic energy into mechanical energy to drive the wheels to rotate. By adjusting the flow rate of the hydraulic oil flowing into the fixed-displacement motors, the control of the rotational speed of the wheels is achieved; the rotational speed sensors installed on the rear drive axle assembly and the front drive axle assembly detect the rotational speed n1 of the front wheels and the rotational speed n2 of the rear wheels in real time and feed these signals back to the controller to achieve closed-loop control; the controller adjusts the states of the hydraulic valve group and the rear axle clutch in a timely manner according to the rotational speed feedback signal to achieve four-wheel drive control.

[0011] Mechanical drive and four-wheel drive switching:

[0012] Rear axle clutch: Through the control of solenoid valve I and solenoid valve II, the rear axle clutch can flexibly switch between front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive, and four-wheel drive states. In the four-wheel drive mode, the front and rear drive axle assemblies obtain power simultaneously, improving the vehicle's passability and traction; in specific working conditions, such as when the road surface conditions are good or energy conservation is required, it switches to the front-wheel drive or rear-wheel drive mode to reduce energy consumption and wear.

[0013] Four-wheel drive control logic: The controller comprehensively judges and selects a suitable drive mode based on parameters such as vehicle speed, steering angle, throttle opening, and wheel rotational speed. This intelligent four-wheel drive control logic enables the harvesting machine to better adapt to complex and changeable working environments and improves work efficiency and safety.

[0014] In addition, the hydraulic four-wheel drive control valve group structure for a harvesting machine proposed above according to the present utility model further has the following additional technical features:

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present utility model, the hydraulic valve group is connected to the fuel tank through a variable displacement piston pump. The variable displacement piston pump includes an electro-hydraulic proportional pump and a gear pump. The flow rate of the electro-hydraulic proportional pump is 150 L / min, and the flow rate of the gear pump is 250 L / min.

[0016] This technical solution ensures the continuous supply of hydraulic oil by connecting a variable displacement piston pump to the fuel tank. The variable displacement piston pump is divided into an electro-hydraulic proportional pump and a gear pump. The power output can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual working conditions. When precise control is required but the flow demand is small, the electro-hydraulic proportional pump mainly operates to reduce unnecessary energy loss. In cases where a large flow rate and high power output are needed, the gear pump is started to meet the requirements.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the valve body of the hydraulic valve group is made of QT450-10. The valve core controls the opening degree and oil passage area through electro-hydraulic proportional control, and an emergency control screw is provided on the valve body.

[0018] In this technical solution, QT450-10 is ductile iron, which has high strength, good plasticity and toughness. It not only improves the overall strength and stiffness of the hydraulic valve group, reduces deformation and damage caused by vibration and impact, but also extends the service life of the valve body and reduces the maintenance cost. The position and movement of the valve core are precisely adjusted according to the input electrical signal, with the advantages of fast response speed, high control accuracy and good stability. The emergency control screw provided on the valve body is a mechanical backup device. When the electronic control system fails or emergency intervention is required, the position and oil passage area of the valve core can be changed by manually operating the screw, so as to achieve the emergency control of the hydraulic system.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rear axle clutch and the rear drive axle assembly form a linkage structure, and a W1 position switch and a W2 position switch are provided on the rear drive axle assembly;

[0020] When the W2 position switch is energized, the solenoid valve I is de-energized; when the W1 position switch is energized, the solenoid valve II is de-energized.

[0021] In this technical solution, when the W2 position switch is energized, the rear drive axle assembly has reached the W2 position, and the controller controls the circuit to de-energize the solenoid valve I, changing the state of the rear axle clutch. Similarly, when the W1 position switch is energized, the system will take similar actions to de-energize the solenoid valve II. According to the different positions of the rear drive axle assembly, the state of the rear axle clutch is flexibly adjusted to achieve the switching of front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive and four-wheel drive states.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller sends corresponding current signals to the proportional valve I / proportional valve II to adjust the size of the throttle orifice, perform pressure compensation, and control the slippage of the front wheels / rear wheels.

[0023] This technical solution sends different current signals to the proportional valve to change the position of the spool inside it, and then adjusts the flow area of the throttle valve orifice connected to it. The change in the flow area of the throttle valve orifice will directly affect the flow rate and pressure of the hydraulic oil passing through the valve orifice, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the parameters of the hydraulic system. The rotational speeds of the front and rear wheels are detected by the rotational speed sensor. When the detected rotational speed difference exceeds a certain threshold, it is determined as a slipping phenomenon. The controller will quickly adjust the current signal of the proportional valve to change the flow area of the throttle valve orifice, thereby adjusting the pressure and flow distribution of the hydraulic system. By reducing the driving force of the slipping wheels and appropriately increasing the driving force of the non-slipping wheels, the driving force balance between the front and rear wheels is achieved, preventing the further deterioration of the slipping phenomenon.

[0024] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fixed-displacement motor I is connected to the front drive axle assembly and adjusts the flow rate of the hydraulic oil flowing to the fixed-displacement motor I according to the control signal to control the rotational speed of the front wheels.

[0025] The fixed-displacement motor II is connected to the rear drive axle assembly and adjusts the flow rate of the hydraulic oil flowing to the fixed-displacement motor II according to the control signal to control the rotational speed of the rear wheels.

[0026] In this technical solution, the fixed-displacement motor I and the fixed-displacement motor II are respectively connected to the front drive axle assembly and the rear drive axle assembly to form two independent drive systems, and independently adjust the flow rate of their respective hydraulic oils according to the control signal, thereby achieving separate control of the rotational speeds of the front and rear wheels.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] Through the hydraulic valve group, the rear axle clutch, the rotational speed sensor and the controller, it is used to achieve the effective drive of the front and rear drive axles of the harvesting machine and the flexible switching of the four-wheel drive state, while monitoring and adjusting the rotational speeds of the front and rear wheels to ensure the stable operation of the machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is the electrical diagram of the structure of the hydraulic four-wheel drive control valve group.

[0030] Figure 2 is the complete electrical diagram of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 is the electrical diagram of the variable displacement piston pump.

[0032] Figure 4 is the electrical diagram of the rear drive axle assembly.

[0033] Figure 5 is the electrical diagram of the front drive axle assembly.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Fuel tank; 2. Variable piston pump; 21. Electro-hydraulic proportional pump; 22. Gear pump; 3. Hydraulic valve block; 31. Proportional valve I; 32. Proportional valve II; 4. Rear axle clutch; 41. Solenoid valve I; 42. Solenoid valve II; 5. Fixed-displacement motor I; 6. Rear drive axle assembly; 7. Fixed-displacement motor II; 8. Front drive axle assembly. Detailed implementation mode

[0035] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, this embodiment provides a hydraulic four-wheel drive control valve group structure for a harvesting machine, including:

[0038] The hydraulic valve block 3 includes a proportional valve I 31 and a proportional valve II 32 for four-wheel drive control, which are connected to the fixed-displacement motor I 5 and the fixed-displacement motor II 7 through oil circuits to drive the rear drive axle assembly 6 and the front drive axle assembly 8;

[0039] The rear axle clutch 4 includes a solenoid valve I 41 and a solenoid valve II 42, which are connected to the rear drive axle assembly 6 through an oil circuit to switch between front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive, and four-wheel drive states;

[0040] Speed sensors are respectively located on the rear drive axle assembly 6 and the front drive axle assembly 8 to detect the front-wheel speed n1 and the rear-wheel speed n2;

[0041] The controller is connected to the speed sensors through signal lines and is connected to the hydraulic valve block 3 and the rear axle clutch 4 through control lines.

[0042] As Figures 1 to 5As shown in the figure, this technical solution uses a hydraulic valve group 3, a rear axle clutch 4, a speed sensor, and a controller to effectively drive the front and rear drive axles of the harvesting machine and flexibly switch the four-wheel drive state. At the same time, it monitors and adjusts the rotational speeds of the front and rear wheels to ensure the stable operation of the machine. Specifically, the hydraulic valve group 3 achieves precise control of the hydraulic oil through the proportional valve I 31 and the proportional valve II 32. The proportional valve can adjust the opening of the valve core according to the instructions of the controller, thereby controlling the on / off and flow rate of the oil circuit, enabling the hydraulic valve group 3 to flexibly drive the fixed-displacement motor I 5 and the fixed-displacement motor II 7, and further controlling the rotational speeds of the rear drive axle assembly 6 and the front drive axle assembly 8. The fixed-displacement motors I 5 and II are respectively connected to the front and rear drive axle assemblies 6, converting hydraulic energy into mechanical energy to drive the wheels to rotate. By adjusting the flow rate of the hydraulic oil flowing into the fixed-displacement motor, the control of the wheel rotational speed is achieved. The speed sensors installed on the rear drive axle assembly 6 and the front drive axle assembly 8 real-time detect the front wheel rotational speed n1 and the rear wheel rotational speed n2, and feed these signals back to the controller to achieve closed-loop control. The controller adjusts the states of the hydraulic valve group 3 and the rear axle clutch 4 in a timely manner according to the speed feedback signal to achieve four-wheel drive control.

[0043] Mechanical drive and four-wheel drive switching:

[0044] Rear axle clutch 4: Through the control of the solenoid valve I 41 and the solenoid valve II 42, the rear axle clutch 4 can flexibly switch between front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive, and four-wheel drive states. In the four-wheel drive mode, the front and rear drive axle assemblies 6 obtain power simultaneously, improving the vehicle's passability and traction. In specific working conditions, such as when the road surface conditions are good or energy conservation is required, it is switched to the front-wheel drive or rear-wheel drive mode to reduce energy consumption and wear.

[0045] Four-wheel drive control logic: The controller comprehensively judges and selects a suitable drive mode according to parameters such as vehicle speed, steering angle, throttle opening, and wheel rotational speed. This intelligent four-wheel drive control logic enables the harvesting machine to better adapt to complex and changeable working environments, improving work efficiency and safety.

[0046] In addition, the hydraulic four-wheel drive control valve group structure for the harvesting machine proposed above according to the present invention further has the following additional technical features:

[0047] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic valve group 3 is connected to the fuel tank 1 through a variable displacement piston pump 2. The variable displacement piston pump 2 includes an electro-hydraulic proportional pump 21 and a gear pump 22. The flow rate of the electro-hydraulic proportional pump 21 is 150 L / min, and the flow rate of the gear pump 22 is 250 L / min.

[0048] This technical solution ensures the continuous supply of hydraulic oil by connecting the variable displacement piston pump 2 to the fuel tank 1; by dividing the variable displacement piston pump 2 into an electro-hydraulic proportional pump 21 and a gear pump 22, the power output can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual working conditions; when precise control is required but the flow demand is not large, the electro-hydraulic proportional pump 21 mainly works to reduce unnecessary energy loss; while in the case of large flow and high power output requirements, the gear pump 22 is started to meet the demand.

[0049] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the valve body material of the hydraulic valve group 3 is QT450-10, the valve core controls the opening degree and oil passage area through electro-hydraulic proportional control, and an emergency control screw is provided on the valve body.

[0050] In this technical solution, QT450-10 is ductile iron, which has high strength, good plasticity and toughness. It not only improves the overall strength and stiffness of the hydraulic valve group 3, reduces deformation and damage caused by vibration and impact, but also extends the service life of the valve body and reduces the maintenance cost; the position and movement of the valve core are precisely adjusted according to the input electrical signal, with advantages such as fast response speed, high control accuracy and good stability; the emergency control screw provided on the valve body is a mechanical backup device, which is used to change the position and oil passage area of the valve core by manually operating the screw when the electronic control system fails or emergency intervention is required, so as to realize the emergency control of the hydraulic system.

[0051] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rear axle clutch 4 and the rear drive axle assembly 6 form a linkage structure, and a W1 position switch and a W2 position switch are provided on the rear drive axle assembly 6;

[0052] When the W2 position switch is energized, the solenoid valve I 41 is de-energized; when the W1 position switch is energized, the solenoid valve II 42 is de-energized.

[0053] In this technical solution, when the W2 position switch is energized, the rear drive axle assembly 6 has reached the W2 position, and the controller controls the circuit to de-energize the solenoid valve I 41, changing the state of the rear axle clutch 4; similarly, when the W1 position switch is energized, the system will take similar actions to de-energize the solenoid valve II 42. According to the different positions of the rear drive axle assembly 6, the state of the rear axle clutch 4 is flexibly adjusted to realize the switching of front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive and four-wheel drive states.

[0054] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the controller sends corresponding current signals to the proportional valve I 31 / proportional valve II 32, adjusts the size of the throttle orifice, performs pressure compensation, and controls the front wheel / rear wheel skidding.

[0055] This technical solution sends different current signals to the proportional valve to change the position of the spool inside it, and then adjusts the flow area of the throttle valve orifice connected to it. The change in the flow area of the throttle valve orifice will directly affect the flow rate and pressure of the hydraulic oil passing through the valve orifice, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the hydraulic system parameters. The rotational speeds of the front and rear wheels are detected by the rotational speed sensor. When the detected rotational speed difference exceeds a certain threshold, it is determined as a slipping phenomenon. The controller will quickly adjust the current signal of the proportional valve to change the flow area of the throttle valve orifice, so as to adjust the pressure and flow distribution of the hydraulic system, prevent the further deterioration of the slipping phenomenon by reducing the driving force of the slipping wheels and appropriately increasing the driving force of the non-slipping wheels, and achieve the driving force balance between the front and rear wheels.

[0056] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the fixed-displacement motor I 5 is connected to the front drive axle assembly 8, and adjusts the flow rate of the hydraulic oil flowing to the fixed-displacement motor I 5 according to the control signal to control the rotational speed of the front wheels.

[0057] The fixed-displacement motor II 7 is connected to the rear drive axle assembly 6, and adjusts the flow rate of the hydraulic oil flowing to the fixed-displacement motor II 7 according to the control signal to control the rotational speed of the rear wheels.

[0058] In this technical solution, the fixed-displacement motor I 5 and the fixed-displacement motor II 7 are respectively connected to the front drive axle assembly 8 and the rear drive axle assembly 6 to form two independent drive systems, and independently adjust the flow rates of their respective hydraulic oils according to the control signal, thereby achieving separate control of the rotational speeds of the front and rear wheels.

[0059] The usage process of the above embodiment is as follows:

[0060] Such as Figures 1 to 5As shown in the figure, when the harvesting machine is operating, the controller receives the real-time rotational speed signals of the front wheel n1 and the rear wheel n2 from the rotational speed sensors, and transmits them to the hydraulic valve block 3 and the rear axle clutch 4 through the control lines respectively. Among them: in the hydraulic valve block 3, the proportional valve I 31 and the proportional valve II 32 accurately adjust the opening degree of the valve core according to the controller signal, and control the hydraulic oil flow rate flowing to the fixed-displacement motors I 5 and II, so as to independently adjust the rotational speed of the front and rear drive axles; when slippage is detected, the controller quickly adjusts the current of the proportional valve to change the size of the throttle valve orifice, perform pressure compensation, balance the driving forces of the front and rear wheels, and prevent slippage; the rear axle clutch 4 realizes the switching of the front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive and four-wheel drive modes through the control of the solenoid valve I 41 and the solenoid valve II 42; according to the position of the rear drive axle assembly 6 (detected by the W1 and W2 position switches), the controller timely cuts off the power supply of the corresponding solenoid valve to change the clutch state, ensuring that the power transmission meets the requirements of the current working conditions; at the same time, the variable plunger pump 2 supplies hydraulic oil to the system according to the actual demand to ensure the stable operation of the hydraulic system; when fine control is required, the electro-hydraulic proportional pump 21 works; when a large flow rate is required, the gear pump 22 starts to supplement. Generally speaking, the utility model ensures the efficient, stable and safe operation of the harvesting machine in various complex working environments.

[0061] It should be noted that: the utility model only improves the hardware structure, and the algorithms adopted by the controller are all prior arts, and the utility model does not improve the software.

[0062] Although the utility model is described in detail by referring to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the preferred embodiments, the utility model is not limited thereto. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art make various equivalent modifications or substitutions to the embodiments of the utility model, and these modifications or substitutions should all be within the scope of the utility model. / Any person familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the utility model, and they should all be covered by the protection scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A hydraulic four-wheel drive control valve group structure for a harvesting machine, characterized in that, Comprising: A hydraulic valve group (3), including a proportional valve I (31) and a proportional valve II (32) for four-wheel drive control, which are connected to a fixed-displacement motor I (5) and a fixed-displacement motor II (7) through an oil circuit to drive a rear drive axle assembly (6) and a front drive axle assembly (8); A rear axle clutch (4), including a solenoid valve I (41) and a solenoid valve II (42), which are connected to the rear drive axle assembly (6) through an oil circuit to switch between front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive, and four-wheel drive states; Speed sensors, respectively located on the rear drive axle assembly (6) and the front drive axle assembly (8), for detecting the front-wheel speed n1 and the rear-wheel speed n2; A controller, which is connected to the speed sensors through signal lines and is connected to the hydraulic valve group (3) and the rear axle clutch (4) through control lines.

2. The hydraulic four-wheel drive control valve group structure for a harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic valve group (3) is connected to a fuel tank (1) through a variable displacement piston pump (2). The variable displacement piston pump (2) includes an electro-hydraulic proportional pump (21) and a gear pump (22). The flow rate of the electro-hydraulic proportional pump (21) is 150 L / min, and the flow rate of the gear pump (22) is 250 L / min.

3. The hydraulic four-wheel drive control valve group structure for a harvesting machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The valve body of the hydraulic valve group (3) is made of QT450-10. The valve core controls the opening degree and oil passage area through electro-hydraulic proportional control, and an emergency control screw is provided on the valve body.

4. The hydraulic four-wheel drive control valve group structure for a harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein, The rear axle clutch (4) and the rear drive axle assembly (6) form a linkage structure, and a W1 position switch and a W2 position switch are provided on the rear drive axle assembly (6); When the W2 position switch is energized, the solenoid valve I (41) is de-energized; when the W1 position switch is energized, the solenoid valve II (42) is de-energized.

5. The hydraulic four-wheel drive control valve group structure for a harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller sends corresponding current signals to the proportional valve I (31) / proportional valve II (32) to adjust the size of the throttle orifice, perform pressure compensation, and control the slippage of the front wheels / rear wheels.

6. The hydraulic four-wheel drive control valve group structure for a harvesting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fixed-displacement motor I (5) is connected to the front drive axle assembly (8), and adjusts the flow rate of the hydraulic oil flowing to the fixed-displacement motor I (5) according to the control signal to control the front-wheel speed; The fixed-displacement motor II (7) is connected to the rear drive axle assembly (6), and adjusts the flow rate of the hydraulic oil flowing to the fixed-displacement motor II (7) according to the control signal to control the rear-wheel speed.

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