Cable-stayed bridge teaching and training integrated model

Abstract

The utility model discloses a teaching and training integrated model for a cable-stayed bridge, which comprises a bottom plate, a vertical bridge tower arranged on the bottom plate, an elastic bridge plate arranged on the bridge tower, a plurality of balancing weights uniformly distributed along the length direction of the bridge plate are arranged at the bottom of the bridge plate, and a sliding strip is arranged on the top surface of the bridge plate. The sliding strip is provided with six to twelve first sliding blocks, a first locking mechanism is arranged between the first sliding blocks and the sliding strip, and the first sliding blocks are connected with the bridge tower through inhaul cables. A hole through which the bridge plate penetrates is formed in the bridge tower, sliding grooves are formed in the two sides of the bridge plate, second sliding blocks are arranged in the sliding grooves, second locking mechanisms are arranged between the second sliding blocks and the bridge plate, a rotating shaft is arranged in the middle of each second sliding block, one end of each rotating shaft extends outwards and is fixed to the bridge tower, and the inner side end of each rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the corresponding second sliding block. The teaching aid has the advantage that the teaching quality can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of teaching models, and particularly relates to an integrated model for exhibition, teaching and learning of cable-stayed bridges. Background Art

[0002] Cable-stayed bridges are common bridge structures, including a horizontal bridge deck and a vertical bridge tower. The middle area of the bridge deck is fixed to the bridge tower, and the bridge deck is connected to the bridge tower by multiple stay cables. To facilitate students to more intuitively understand the structure of cable-stayed bridges, models of cable-stayed bridges are currently used in the teaching process. The models can be used not only for teaching but also for external exhibition.

[0003] Existing models are basically scaled-down structures of cable-stayed bridges. Although they can enable students to intuitively understand the structure of cable-stayed bridges, they cannot further display the mechanical properties. That is, students cannot intuitively understand the force conditions generated after the stay cables on the cable-stayed bridge are connected to different positions on the bridge deck. This is not conducive to more vivid teaching and improving the teaching quality. At the same time, after students initially master the force calculation method of the stay cables of cable-stayed bridges, they cannot verify whether the calculation results are correct on the model, which is also not conducive to improving the teaching quality. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an integrated model for exhibition, teaching and learning of cable-stayed bridges. The utility model has the advantage of improving the teaching quality.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model: An integrated model for exhibition, teaching and learning of cable-stayed bridges includes a bottom plate. A vertical bridge tower is provided on the bottom plate. An elastic bridge deck is provided on the bridge tower. The bridge deck is rotatably connected to the bridge tower. A plurality of counterweights evenly distributed along the length direction of the bridge deck are provided at the bottom of the bridge deck. A slide bar is provided on the top surface of the bridge deck. Six to twelve first sliders are provided on the slide bar. A first locking mechanism is provided between the first slider and the slide bar. The first slider is connected to the bridge tower by a stay cable.

[0006] In the above-mentioned integrated model for exhibition, teaching and learning of cable-stayed bridges, holes through which the bridge deck passes are provided on the bridge tower. Slide grooves are provided on both sides of the bridge deck. Second sliders are provided in the slide grooves. A second locking mechanism is provided between the second slider and the bridge deck. A rotating shaft is provided in the middle of the second slider. One end of the rotating shaft extends outwards and is fixed to the bridge tower. The inner end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the second slider.

[0007] In the above-mentioned integrated model for exhibition, teaching and learning of cable-stayed bridges, the stay cable includes a first rope connecting the first slider. The first rope is connected to a second rope through a turnbuckle. The second rope is connected to a third rope through a tension sensor. The third rope is connected to the bridge tower.

[0008] In the aforementioned integrated model of cable-stayed bridge exhibition, teaching, and learning, a first hook is provided at the end of the third cable. A plurality of hanging holes arranged from top to bottom are provided on both sides of the bridge tower. The hanging holes are located above the connection between the bridge tower and the bridge deck. The first hook is connected to the bridge tower through the hanging holes.

[0009] In the aforementioned integrated model of cable-stayed bridge exhibition, teaching, and learning, a pressing plate is provided on the top of the first slider. The pressing plate is connected to the first slider by screws. The first cable passes through the space between the pressing plate and the first slider. An anti-disengagement block is provided at the end of the first cable.

[0010] In the aforementioned integrated model of cable-stayed bridge exhibition, teaching, and learning, a horizontal scale is provided on the lower side of the bridge deck. The upper end of the horizontal scale is rotatably connected to the bridge tower.

[0011] In the aforementioned integrated model of cable-stayed bridge exhibition, teaching, and learning, a second hook is provided at the bottom of the counterweight.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the utility model can not only intuitively display the structure of the cable-stayed bridge, but also enable students to intuitively understand the changes in the required tension of each cable when keeping the bridge deck horizontal under the changes in the number of cables, different connection positions of the cables on the bridge tower, and different connection positions of the cables on the bridge deck. The simulation effect is good, making the teaching more vivid and conducive to improving the teaching quality. At the same time, after students learn the force calculation method of the cable-stayed bridge cables, they can also verify it on the model and improve the learning effect through simulation practice, thereby correspondingly improving the teaching quality. Therefore, the utility model has the advantage of being able to improve the teaching quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 is the front view schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0014] Figure 2 is the left view schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0015] The reference signs in the drawings are: 1 - bottom plate, 2 - bridge tower, 3 - bridge deck, 4 - counterweight, 5 - slide bar, 6 - first slider, 7 - cable, 8 - hole, 9 - chute, 10 - second slider, 11 - rotating shaft, 12 - first cable, 13 - turnbuckle, 14 - second cable, 15 - tension sensor, 16 - third cable, 17 - first hook, 18 - hanging hole, 19 - pressing plate, 20 - anti-disengagement block, 21 - horizontal scale, 22 - second hook. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0016] The following further describes the utility model in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments, but it shall not be used as a basis for limiting the utility model.

[0017] Embodiment. An integrated model of cable-stayed bridge exhibition, teaching, and learning, as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, it includes a bottom plate 1. A vertical bridge tower 2 is provided on the bottom plate 1. An elastic bridge plate 3 is provided on the bridge tower 2. The length of the bridge plate 3 is 1 m, the thickness is 8 mm, and the width is 25 mm. Multiple counterweight blocks 4 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the bridge plate 3 at the bottom of the bridge plate 3. The counterweight blocks 4 are made of steel blocks. A gap of about 2 mm is formed between adjacent counterweight blocks 4. A second hook 22 is provided at the bottom of the counterweight blocks 4. A slide bar 5 is provided on the top surface of the bridge plate 3. The slide bar 5 and the bridge plate 3 can be integrally formed by extrusion molding, and the material is selected as reinforced nylon. Since the bridge plate 3 is long in length and thin in thickness, when only the middle part of the bridge plate 3 is supported, both ends will sag, simulating the state of the bridge plate on an actual cable-stayed bridge. The uniform distribution of the counterweight blocks 4 is mainly to simulate the uniform distribution state of the mass of the actual bridge plate.

[0018] Eight steel first sliders 6 are provided on the slide bar 5. A first locking mechanism is provided between the first slider 6 and the slide bar 5. The first locking mechanism can be a set screw screwed to the first slider 6. When the set screw presses against the slide bar 6, the position of the first slider 6 is fixed. The first slider 6 is connected to the bridge tower 2 through a cable 7.

[0019] A hole 8 through which the bridge plate 3 passes is provided on the bridge tower 2. Chute 9s are provided on both sides of the bridge plate 3. Steel second sliders 10 are provided in the chute 9s. A second locking mechanism is provided between the second slider 10 and the bridge plate 3. The second locking mechanism can be two set screws screwed to the second slider 10. When the two set screws press against the bridge plate 3, the position of the second slider 10 is fixed. A rotating shaft 11 is provided in the middle of the second slider 10. One end of the rotating shaft 11 extends outward and is fixed to the bridge tower 2. The inner end of the rotating shaft 11 is rotatably connected to the second slider 10.

[0020] The cable 7 includes a first rope 12 connecting the first slider 6. The first rope 12 is connected to a second rope 14 through a turnbuckle 13. The second rope 14 is connected to a third rope 16 through a tension sensor 15. The third rope 16 is connected to the bridge tower 2.

[0021] A first hook 17 is provided at the end of the third rope 16. Multiple hanging holes 18 arranged from top to bottom are provided on both sides of the bridge tower 2. The hanging holes 18 are located above the connection between the bridge tower 2 and the bridge plate 3. The first hook 17 is connected to the bridge tower 2 through the hanging holes 18.

[0022] A pressing plate 19 is provided at the top of the first slider 6. The pressing plate 19 is screwed to the first slider 6. The first rope 12 passes between the pressing plate 19 and the first slider 6. An anti - detachment block 20 is provided at the end of the first rope 12.

[0023] A horizontal scale 21 is provided on the lower side of the bridge plate 3. The horizontal scale 21 is located in the hole 8. The upper end of the horizontal scale 21 is rotatably connected to the bridge tower 2. Turning up the horizontal scale 21 and making it contact the bottom of the bridge plate 3 or the counterweight block 4 is convenient for observing whether the bridge plate 3 is adjusted to be horizontal.

[0024] The first usage method: The tension sensor 15 is connected to the display through the controller, so that the value on the tension sensor 15 can be read on the display.

[0025] During the teaching process, when the bridge tower 2 is connected to the middle of the bridge plate 3 (the most common cable-stayed bridge structure), change the distribution position of the first slider 6 on the slide bar 5, then loosen the pressing plate 19, and pull the first rope 12 to make the cable close to being taut. After adjusting all the first ropes 12, by adjusting the lengths of the respective turnbuckles 13, make all the cables 7 taut and the bridge plate 3 horizontal, and observe the readings of the respective tension sensors 15, so that the students can understand the influence of the change in the distribution position of the connection points of the cables 7 on the bridge plate 3 on the force-bearing situation of the cables 7.

[0026] Furthermore, continue to change the distribution position of the first slider 6 on the slide bar 5. After the change, it is still necessary to tension all the cables 7 and keep the bridge plate 3 horizontal, and find out the distribution position of each first slider 6 on the slide bar 5 when the tensions of all the cables 7 are equal or similar (the error from the average tension does not exceed 2%). This position distribution should be calculated in combination with the calculation method in the textbook to verify the knowledge in the textbook.

[0027] The second usage method: Simulate the cable-stayed bridge structure with different lengths of the bridge plates 3 on both sides of the bridge tower (due to foundation setting problems, the bridge tower may not be able to connect to the middle of the bridge plate during actual construction), that is, the bridge tower 2 is connected to one side of the middle of the bridge plate 3. The bridge plate 3 is moved a certain distance along the second slider 10, and then the teaching experiment is carried out according to the first usage method.

[0028] The third usage method: Change the number of the cables 7 used. For the unused cables 7, only need to disconnect them from the bridge tower 2, and then carry out teaching according to the first method, so that the students can clearly understand the change in the force-bearing situation of the cables 7 under different numbers of the cables 7.

[0029] The fourth usage method: After the students initially master the calculation method of the cable-stayed bridge, they can convert it in a way of equal-proportion scaling and verify it with the model. The contents to be verified include the distribution quantity and distribution position of the connection points between the cables 7 and the bridge plate 3, the inclination angle of the cables 7, the magnitude of the tension borne by the cables 7, etc. For the simulation of the length and mass ratio of the bridge plate 3, it can be achieved by increasing or decreasing the load on the second hook 22.

[0030] Among the above four methods, the adjusted variables include the connection quantity and connection position between the cable and the bridge plate, the connection quantity and connection position between the cable and the bridge tower, and the connection position between the bridge tower and the bridge plate. On this basis, the tension values of each cable are obtained, which is convenient for the students to understand the force-bearing state of the cables when the cable-stayed bridge is in different forms.

[0031] The core creative point of the present utility model is that it can simulate the actual states of various cable-stayed bridges with good simulation effects, and provide intuitive cable stress data, which is convenient for teaching.

[0032] The present utility model can not only be used in the teaching process, but also for external exhibitions and student training, realizing the function of integrating exhibition, teaching and training.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation.

Claims

1. An integrated model of a cable-stayed bridge for exhibition and teaching, characterized in that: It includes a bottom plate (1), on which there is a vertical bridge tower (2). An elastic bridge plate (3) is provided on the bridge tower (2). The bridge plate (3) is rotatably connected to the bridge tower (2). A plurality of counterweight blocks (4) evenly distributed along the length direction of the bridge plate (3) are provided at the bottom of the bridge plate (3). A slide bar (5) is provided on the top surface of the bridge plate (3), and six to twelve first sliders (6) are provided on the slide bar (5). A first locking mechanism is provided between the first slider (6) and the slide bar (5). The first slider (6) is connected to the bridge tower (2) through a cable (7).

2. The integrated model of cable-stayed bridge development lessons according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hole (8) through which the bridge plate (3) passes is provided on the bridge tower (2). Chute grooves (9) are provided on both sides of the bridge plate (3). Second sliders (10) are provided in the chute grooves (9). A second locking mechanism is provided between the second slider (10) and the bridge plate (3). A rotating shaft (11) is provided in the middle of the second slider (10). One end of the rotating shaft (11) extends outwards and is fixed to the bridge tower (2), and the inner end of the rotating shaft (11) is rotatably connected to the second slider (10).

3. The integrated model of cable-stayed bridge exhibition and lesson according to claim 1, wherein: The cable (7) includes a first rope (12) connecting the first slider (6). The first rope (12) is connected to a second rope (14) through a turnbuckle (13). The second rope (14) is connected to a third rope (16) through a tension sensor (15). The third rope (16) is connected to the bridge tower (2).

4. The integrated model of cable-stayed bridge exhibition lessons according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first hook (17) is provided at the end of the third rope (16). A plurality of hanging holes (18) arranged from top to bottom are provided on both sides of the bridge tower (2). The hanging holes (18) are located above the connection between the bridge tower (2) and the bridge plate (3). The first hook (17) is connected to the bridge tower (2) through the hanging holes (18).

5. The integrated model of cable-stayed bridge development lessons according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pressing plate (19) is provided at the top of the first slider (6). The pressing plate (19) is screwed to the first slider (6). The first rope (12) passes between the pressing plate (19) and the first slider (6). An anti - detachment block (20) is provided at the end of the first rope (12).

6. The integrated model of cable-stayed bridge development lessons according to claim 1, characterized in that: A horizontal scale (21) is provided on the lower side of the bridge plate (3). The upper end of the horizontal scale (21) is rotatably connected to the bridge tower (2).

7. The integrated model of cable-stayed bridge development lessons according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second hook (22) is provided at the bottom of the counterweight block (4).

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