Communication and sampling integrated small current grounding protection device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of power protection equipment, in particular to a communication and sampling integrated small-current grounding protection device which is positioned between a power grid pole-mounted circuit breaker and a feeder terminal device and is connected with the power grid pole-mounted circuit breaker and the feeder terminal device through a cable. And the current sampling module is arranged on a secondary side loop cable, acquires a current signal and transmits the current signal to the grounding protection main body system. The main body system comprises a signal conversion module, a current judgment module, a grounding detection protection module and a data communication module, the signal conversion module receives a sampling signal, the current judgment module judges a grounding fault signal according to the sampling signal, the grounding detection protection module drives a circuit breaker according to the signal, and the data communication module transmits a fault and the sampling signal to a remote monitoring platform. The device integrates communication and sampling functions, realizes accurate ground fault detection, rapid driving protection and remote real-time monitoring, ensures safe and stable operation of a power grid, and has important practical value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of power protection equipment, and particularly relates to a small current grounding protection device integrating communication and sampling. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the feeder terminal unit (FTU) on the outdoor power grid line is used in combination with the pole-mounted circuit breaker. The existing FTU mainly detects voltage through a voltage transformer and detects current through a current transformer, so as to realize the fault detection of the power grid line. However, the FTU does not have the function of detecting grounding faults. Therefore, a module with the function of grounding fault protection needs to be integrated into the existing FTU. This module should be able to monitor parameters such as zero-sequence voltage and zero-sequence current in the line in real time to identify the occurrence of grounding faults.

[0003] However, the internal structure of the FTU itself already occupies almost the entire space, and the internal structure is also relatively compact. The space reserved for the grounding fault detection module is very small. If a new module is added, re-wiring is required, and the difficulty of internal transformation increases. Currently, using a separate grounding protection device can solve the problem of large transformation difficulty. However, the current separate grounding protection device uses a transformer to collect voltage and current. The current grounding protection device needs to be connected to a communication device through a communication switch to realize the transmission of detection data, and a separate sampling device also needs to be configured. The communication device usually needs to pay attention to the interface compatibility problem of the grounding protection device. Setting up a separate communication device not only increases the cost but also occupies some space, resulting in a large volume of the entire grounding protection device. The separate design of communication and sampling requires the purchase and installation of communication equipment and sampling equipment separately, which increases the procurement cost of hardware devices. At the same time, in order to realize the connection and collaborative work between the two, additional accessories such as interface circuits and cables are required, further increasing the hardware cost. Two independent devices will occupy more installation space. Whether in the distribution cabinet or in other installation sites, more space is required for placement. Moreover, when upgrading and transforming the power grid, the compatibility of new equipment with existing equipment such as pole-mounted circuit breakers and feeder terminal units is an important issue. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a small current grounding protection device integrating communication and sampling for solving the technical problems of compatibility and large volume existing in the current grounding protection device in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0006] In the first aspect, the utility model provides a small current grounding protection device integrated with communication and sampling, the small current grounding protection device is arranged between the pole-mounted circuit breaker and the feeder terminal device of the power grid line, and is connected to the feeder terminal device through a cable. The small current grounding protection device includes: a current sampling module and a grounding protection main system, the current sampling module is arranged on the secondary side loop cable on the power grid line, and transmits the collected sampling current signal to the grounding protection main system;

[0007] The grounding protection main system includes a signal conversion module, a current judgment module, a grounding detection protection module and a data communication module which are electrically connected in sequence. The grounding protection main system is used to collect a sampled current signal, obtain a grounding fault signal according to the sampled current signal, drive a pole-mounted circuit breaker according to the grounding fault signal, and upload the grounding fault signal and the sampled current signal to a remote monitoring platform through the data communication module.

[0008] As a further improvement of the utility model, the current sampling module includes a sampling component, a circuit conversion module, a first sampling cable and a second sampling cable; the sampling component is ring-mounted on the secondary side loop cable and connected to the first port of the circuit conversion module through the first sampling cable; the second port of the circuit conversion module is connected to the signal conversion module in the grounding protection main system through the second sampling cable.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the circuit conversion module includes an electrical isolation unit, a current signal conversion circuit unit, a filtering unit and an overvoltage and overcurrent protection unit connected in sequence, which is used to electrically isolate and filter the current signal collected by the sampling component and convert it into a DC current signal processed by the grounding protection main system.

[0010] As a further improvement of the utility model, it also includes a sampling cable storage device, which is arranged on one side of the grounding protection main system. The sampling cable storage device includes an outer shell, a winding shaft and a spring. One end of the spring is fixed inside the outer shell, and the other end is used to connect the winding shaft. A wire groove is provided on the surface of the winding shaft for guiding the sampling cable to be wound around the wire groove.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the sampling cable storage device also includes a damping device and a stopping device for locking the winding shaft, the damping device is arranged on the winding shaft, and the stopping device includes a locking disk and a locking pin, the locking disk is used to connect with the winding shaft, the circumferential surface of the locking disk is evenly provided with locking holes, the size and shape of the locking holes match the locking pin; the locking pin is installed on the outer shell through a guide sleeve, and the guide sleeve is used to ensure that the locking pin moves in the axial direction and is aligned with the locking hole; the tail of the locking pin is installed with an elastic element for resisting the tail of the locking pin.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the data communication module includes a wired communication unit and a wireless communication unit; the wired communication unit includes an RS-485 interface, an RS-232 interface and an optical fiber transmitter. The RS-485 interface is communicatively connected to a remote monitoring platform through a twisted pair, and the RS-232 interface is communicatively connected to a grounding detection and protection module through a serial cable; the optical fiber transmitter is communicatively connected to the remote monitoring platform through an optical fiber; the wireless communication unit includes a 4G communication component, a 5G Internet of Things communication component or a 6G communication component; the wireless communication unit is used for communicatively connecting to the remote monitoring platform.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the wireless communication unit is provided with two independent 4G communication components, or 5G Internet of Things communication components or 6G communication components.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the external of the grounding protection main body system is covered with a housing, and the housing adopts a box-type shell.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the power supply of the grounding protection device includes grid power supply and a battery power supply unit; when using grid power supply, an electric energy conversion module is arranged between the grid cable and the small current grounding protection device, and the electric energy conversion module is used for converting the grid voltage into the power supply voltage of the small current grounding protection device.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present utility model, the signal conversion module includes a signal amplification unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit connected in series in sequence.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: This device integrates communication and sampling, reducing the overall volume and occupied space of the equipment. The integration of communication and sampling realizes the rapid acquisition and direct transmission of data, shortening the transmission path of data from the sampling point to the processing unit and the remote monitoring platform. The data obtained by the sampling module can be immediately transmitted through the internally integrated communication module, reducing data transmission delay and ensuring that the remote monitoring platform can obtain the most accurate power grid operation data in real time. The current sampling module is arranged on the secondary side loop cable and can accurately collect the current signal of the power grid line. After the sampled current signal is appropriately converted by the signal conversion module, the current judgment module judges the grounding fault based on precise algorithms and threshold settings, greatly improving the accuracy of grounding fault detection. Once the current judgment module detects a grounding fault signal, the grounding detection and protection module can quickly drive the pole-mounted circuit breaker to act, timely cut off the faulty line, prevent a series of problems caused by grounding faults, such as equipment damage, personnel electric shock, fire, etc., effectively protecting the safety of power grid equipment and personnel and reducing the harm degree of grounding faults to the power grid system.

[0018] The data communication module realizes real-time communication between the grounding protection device and the remote monitoring platform, and timely uploads the grounding fault signal and the sampled current signal to the remote monitoring platform. This enables operation and maintenance personnel to remotely and real-time understand the operating status of the power grid lines, monitor the power grid without going to the site, improving the operation and maintenance efficiency and reducing the operation and maintenance costs.

[0019] This small current grounding protection device is set between the pole-mounted circuit breaker and the feeder terminal unit, and is connected to the feeder terminal unit through a cable, and can be well integrated with existing equipment such as the pole-mounted circuit breaker and the feeder terminal unit in the power grid. The design of its interface and communication protocol is compatible with existing equipment, and the upgrade can be achieved without large-scale transformation of the overall power grid architecture, reducing the upgrade cost and implementation difficulty, and facilitating popularization and application in the existing power grid.

[0020] Compared with split devices, the integration of communication and sampling reduces the number of connection points and external interfaces between components. Connection points and interfaces are often high-incidence parts of equipment failures, and are prone to problems such as poor contact and short circuits due to environmental factors (such as humidity, dust, vibration, etc.). By reducing these potential failure points, the integrated device reduces the overall failure rate of the equipment, improves the stability and reliability of the system, and reduces the power grid outage time and maintenance costs caused by equipment failures.

[0021] Furthermore, the compact structural design of the sampling cable storage device enables it to achieve the cable storage function without occupying too much space. Especially for small current grounding protection devices installed on pole towers or distribution cabinets with limited space, the storage device can be cleverly set on one side of the grounding protection main system, making full use of the remaining space around the equipment, avoiding the problem of needing to reserve extra large space due to too long or randomly placed cables, making the overall equipment layout more reasonable and compact, and improving the space utilization rate. When it is necessary to move, replace or expand the small current grounding protection device, the flexibility advantage of the sampling cable storage device is more obvious. Since the cable can be neatly stored on the reel, it will not hinder the disassembly and reinstallation of the equipment.

[0022] Furthermore, the electrical isolation unit in the circuit conversion module isolates the current signal sensed by the sampling component from the subsequent circuit, preventing high voltage or interference signals from being transmitted from the primary side to the secondary side and protecting the subsequent circuit from damage. The current signal conversion circuit unit converts the alternating current signal sensed by the sampling component into a direct current signal suitable for subsequent processing. The filtering unit filters out interference signals, and the overvoltage and overcurrent protection unit prevents the input voltage from being too high or the output voltage from exceeding the safe range, protecting the circuit from damage. The modular design not only realizes efficient and stable current signal processing, but also ensures the reliability, accuracy and security of signal transmission.

[0023] Furthermore, the main function of the damping device is to provide appropriate resistance to control the rotation speed of the cable reel, preventing the cable from being too fast or too slow during the winding and unwinding process, thereby reducing mechanical damage to the cable and the device itself. The stop device achieves precise locking of the cable reel through the cooperation of the locking disc and the locking pin. The locking holes on the locking disc are evenly distributed to ensure that the cable reel can be reliably locked at any position, preventing the cable from loosening or moving when not needed. By controlling the winding speed and providing a reliable locking function, overstretching or extrusion of the cable during the winding and unwinding process is avoided, protecting the insulation layer and conductor of the cable and reducing the risk of damage.

[0024] Furthermore, the device provides multiple communication methods, and the dual protection mechanism of wired communication and wireless communication provides higher security and redundancy for the system. When a certain communication method fails, the system can automatically switch to other available communication methods to ensure the continuity of data transmission. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a small current grounding protection device integrating communication and sampling according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the grounding protection main system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the current sampling module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cable storage device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the stop device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the data communication module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the signal conversion module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure, 1 is a small current grounding protection device; 2 is a pole-mounted circuit breaker; 3 is a feeder terminal unit; 4 is a current sampling module; 5 is a grounding protection main system; 6 is a cable storage device; 7 is a housing; 41 is a sampling component; 42 is a circuit conversion module; 421 is an electrical isolation unit; 422 is a current signal conversion circuit unit; 423 is a filtering unit; 424 is an overvoltage and overcurrent protection unit; 51 is a signal conversion module; 52 is a current judgment module; 53 is a grounding detection and protection module; 54 is a data communication module; 541 is a wired communication unit; 542 is a wireless communication unit; 61 is an outer housing; 62 is a reel; 63 is a spring; 64 is a stop device; 621 is a wire groove; 641 is a locking disc; 642 is a locking pin; 643 is a locking hole. Specific embodiments

[0034] In order to make the purpose and technical solutions of the present utility model clearer and easier to understand. The following further describes the present utility model in detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit the present utility model.

[0035] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments. Among them, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides a small current grounding protection device 1 integrated with communication and sampling. The small current grounding protection device 1 is arranged between the pole-mounted circuit breaker 2 and the feeder terminal unit 3 on the power grid line and is connected to the feeder terminal unit 3 through a cable. It includes: a current sampling module 4 and a grounding protection main system 5.

[0038] The current sampling module 4 is arranged on the secondary side circuit cable of the power grid line and is used to transmit the sampled current signal collected to the grounding protection main system 5.

[0039] The current sampling module 4 includes a sampling component 41, a circuit conversion module 42, as well as a first sampling cable and a second sampling cable. The sampling component 41 is sleeved on the secondary side circuit cable and is connected to the first port of the circuit conversion module 42 through the first sampling cable, and three-phase current is collected through a current transformer. The second port of the circuit conversion module 42 is connected to the signal conversion module 51 in the grounding protection main system 5 through the second sampling cable.

[0040] As Figure 3As shown in the figure, the circuit conversion module 42 includes an electrical isolation unit 421, a current signal conversion circuit unit 422, a filtering unit 423, and an overvoltage and overcurrent protection unit 424, which are connected in sequence. The electrical isolation unit 421 uses devices such as optocouplers or isolation amplifiers to electrically isolate the current sampling signal on the high-voltage side from the control circuit on the low-voltage side, preventing high-voltage current from flowing into the control circuit and other low-voltage parts, ensuring that there is no electrical connection between the two, and thus improving the safety and anti-interference ability of the system. For overvoltage protection in the overvoltage and overcurrent protection unit 424, devices such as varistors and transient suppression diodes can be used. When the overvoltage exceeds the set value, these devices can conduct quickly and limit the excessive voltage within a safe range; for overcurrent protection, fuses or current-limiting resistors can be used. When the current exceeds the set value, the circuit is cut off or the current size is limited to protect other components in the circuit from damage. The filtering unit 423 uses filtering capacitors.

[0041] The small current grounding protection device 1 in this embodiment further includes a sampling cable storage device 6 for adjusting the length of the sampling cable, as Figure 4 shown. The sampling cable storage device 6 is arranged on one side of the grounding protection main system 5 and includes a housing 61, a winding shaft 62, and a clockwork spring 63. One end of the clockwork spring 63 is fixed to the housing 61, and the other end is used to connect to the winding shaft 62. The surface of the winding shaft 62 is provided with a wire groove 621 for guiding the sampling cable to wind around the wire groove 621. In this embodiment, the insulating layer material of the sampling cable is mostly selected from polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), or thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), etc.

[0042] Specifically, as Figure 4 shown, the clockwork spring 63 is wound in a spiral shape. When the sampling cable is stretched, the clockwork spring 63 is stretched and stores elastic potential energy; when the sampling cable is released, the elastic potential energy of the clockwork spring 63 is released, driving the sampling cable or the winding shaft 62 to retract the sampling cable. The size and elastic coefficient of the clockwork spring 63 are designed according to factors such as the length, telescopic range, and required pulling force of the sampling cable. The shape of the winding wheel is cylindrical, and the surface is provided with a wire groove 621 or a groove to guide the sampling cable to wind neatly on it, avoiding problems such as cross-over and entanglement of the wire cores during the winding process. The diameter and width of the winding shaft 62 are determined according to the wire core diameter, length of the sampling cable, and design requirements of the telescopic mechanism. The winding wheel is installed inside the housing 61 through bearings or bushings, enabling it to rotate freely, reducing the frictional resistance with the housing 61, and ensuring that the cable can be wound and released smoothly during the telescopic process.

[0043] The sampling cable storage device 6 further includes a damping device and a stop device 64 for locking the winding shaft 62. The damping device is arranged on the winding shaft 62, and the damping device is a friction plate, a silicone oil damper or a magnetic damper, etc. The friction plate damping generates a damping effect by installing a friction plate on the winding shaft 62 and using the frictional force between the friction plate and the fixed component; the silicone oil damper controls the movement speed of the storage device by using the viscous resistance of the silicone oil; the magnetic damper generates a damping force by the action of the magnetic field on the metal component.

[0044] As Figure 5 shown, the stop device 64 includes a locking disc 641 and a locking pin 642. The locking disc 641 is used to connect with the winding shaft 62. The circumferential surface of the locking disc 641 is evenly provided with locking holes 643, and the size and shape of the locking holes 643 match those of the locking pin 642. Among them, the locking disc 641 is tightly connected with the winding shaft 62, which is realized by key connection or interference fit to ensure that the two can rotate synchronously. The locking pin 642 is installed on the outer housing 61 through a guide sleeve. The guide sleeve is used to ensure the axial movement of the locking pin 642 and align it with the locking hole 643. One end of the locking pin 642 is designed to be conical for easy insertion into the locking hole 643, and the other end is connected to an operating handle or a driving device for controlling the insertion and extraction actions of the locking pin 642. An elastic element is also installed at the tail of the locking pin 642 for resisting the tail of the locking pin 642.

[0045] In order to ensure that the locking pin 642 can maintain a stable locking state after being inserted into the locking hole 643, an elastic element, such as a spring, is installed at the tail of the locking pin 642. One end of the spring abuts against the tail of the locking pin 642, and the other end is fixed on the guide sleeve or a fixed bracket. When the locking pin 642 is inserted into the locking hole 643, the spring is compressed to generate a pre-tightening force, which makes the locking pin 642 tightly stuck in the locking hole 643 to prevent it from accidentally coming out.

[0046] The locking process is as follows: When it is necessary to lock the shaft, an external force is applied to the locking pin 642 through the operating handle or the driving device to overcome the pre-tightening force of the spring, so that the locking pin 642 moves along the guide sleeve towards the locking disc 641. When the conical end of the locking pin 642 is inserted into the locking hole 643 of the locking disc 641, due to the shape limitation of the locking hole 643, the locking pin 642 will automatically align with the central position. Continue to apply the external force until the locking pin 642 is completely inserted into the locking hole 643. At this time, the spring is compressed, and the generated elastic force locks the locking pin 642 tightly in the locking hole 643, thereby realizing the locking of the shaft.

[0047] When unlocking, operate the reverse operating handle or driving device to apply an external force opposite to the locking direction, so that the locking pin 642 is pulled out of the locking hole 643 against the spring force. When the locking pin 642 is completely disengaged from the locking hole 643, the shaft can rotate freely. During the unlocking process, the guide sleeve can ensure the smooth movement of the locking pin 642 to avoid jamming due to skewing.

[0048] Through multiple locking holes 643 on the locking disc 641, precise locking of the shaft at different angular positions can be achieved, meeting the requirements for the shaft position in different working states of the device. The locking and unlocking operations can be completed by operating the handle or driving device, and the operation process is intuitive and simple, facilitating the use by operators. At the same time, the design of the guide sleeve and elastic element makes the movement of the locking pin 642 smoother, reducing the resistance and jamming phenomenon during operation.

[0049] As Figure 2 shown, the grounding protection main system 5 includes: a signal conversion module 51, a current judgment module 52, a grounding detection and protection module 53, and a data communication module 54; the signal conversion module 51 is communicatively connected to the current sampling module 4 to receive the sampled current signal; the current judgment module 52 is communicatively connected to the signal conversion module 51 and is used to judge the grounding fault signal according to the sampled current signal; the grounding detection and protection module 53 is communicatively connected to the current judgment module 52 and drives the pole-mounted circuit breaker 2 according to the grounding fault signal; the data communication module 54 is communicatively connected to the remote monitoring platform and uploads both the grounding fault signal and the sampled current signal to the remote monitoring platform.

[0050] Among them, as Figure 7 shown, the signal conversion module 51 includes a signal amplification unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit connected in series in sequence. The current judgment module 52 is used to judge according to the three-phase current signals. When a sudden change occurs in one of the three-phase current signals and is different from the other two-phase current signals, the current judgment module 52 judges it as a fault and then outputs a grounding fault signal.

[0051] As Figure 6As shown in the figure, the data communication module 54 includes a wired communication unit 541 and a wireless communication unit 542. The wired communication unit 541 includes an RS-485 (Recommended Standard 485, serial communication standard) interface, an RS-232 (Recommended Standard 232) interface, and an optical fiber transmitter; the wireless communication unit 542 includes a 4G (the 4th Generation Mobile Communication Technology) communication component, a 5G (the 5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology) Internet of Things communication component, or a 6G (the 6th Generation Mobile Communication Technology) communication component. The RS-485 interface is communicatively connected to the remote monitoring platform through a twisted pair cable, the RS-232 interface is communicatively connected to the ground detection and protection module 53 through a serial cable, and the optical fiber transmitter is communicatively connected to the remote monitoring platform through an optical fiber.

[0052] Furthermore, the wireless communication unit 542 in this embodiment is designed for communication redundancy. In one embodiment, the wireless communication unit 542 is provided with two independent 4G communication components. In another embodiment, the wireless communication unit 542 is provided with two independent 5G Internet of Things communication components. In still another embodiment, the wireless communication unit 542 is provided with two independent 6G communication components. The dual guarantee mechanism of wired communication and wireless communication provides higher security and redundancy for the system. When a certain communication method fails, the system can automatically switch to other available communication methods to ensure the continuity of data transmission.

[0053] The ground protection main system 5 is externally covered with a housing 7, and the housing 7 is a box-type housing.

[0054] In addition, the power supply of the small current grounding protection device 1 includes grid power supply and a battery power supply unit; an electric energy conversion module is arranged between the grid cable and the small current grounding protection device 1, and the electric energy conversion module is used to convert the grid voltage into the power supply voltage of the small current grounding protection device 1.

[0055] The above is the preferred embodiment of the present utility model, which shows and describes the basic principle, main features and advantages of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present utility model is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principle of the present utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model, the present utility model will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present utility model claimed.

Claims

1. A small current grounding protection device integrated with communication and sampling. The small current grounding protection device (1) is arranged between the pole-mounted circuit breaker (2) and the feeder terminal unit (3) of the power grid line and is connected to the feeder terminal unit (3) through a cable. The small current grounding protection device (1) includes: Current sampling module (4) and grounding protection main system (5), the current sampling module (4) is arranged on the secondary side loop cable of the power grid line, and transmits the collected sampling current signal to the grounding protection main system (5); The grounding protection main system (5) includes a signal conversion module (51), a current judgment module (52), a grounding detection and protection module (53) and a data communication module (54) that are electrically connected in sequence. The grounding protection main system (5) is used to collect the sampling current signal, judge the grounding fault signal according to the sampling current signal, drive the pole-mounted circuit breaker (2) according to the grounding fault signal, and upload both the grounding fault signal and the sampling current signal to the remote monitoring platform through the data communication module (54); It is characterized in that the small current grounding protection device (1) further includes a sampling cable storage device (6), the sampling cable storage device (6) is arranged on one side of the grounding protection main system (5), and the sampling cable storage device (6) includes a housing (61), a winding shaft (62) and a clockwork spring (63), one end of the clockwork spring (63) is fixed inside the housing (61), and the other end is used to connect the winding shaft (62), and a wire groove (621) is arranged on the surface of the winding shaft (62) for guiding the sampling cable to wind on the wire groove (621).

2. The integrated communication and sampling small current grounding protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current sampling module (4) includes a sampling component (41), a circuit conversion module (42), a first sampling cable and a second sampling cable; the sampling component (41) is sleeved on the secondary side loop cable and is connected to the first port of the circuit conversion module (42) through the first sampling cable; the second port of the circuit conversion module (42) is connected to the signal conversion module (51) in the grounding protection main system (5) through the second sampling cable.

3. The integrated communication and sampling small current grounding protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The circuit conversion module (42) includes an electrical isolation unit (421), a current signal conversion circuit unit (422), a filtering unit (423) and an overvoltage and overcurrent protection unit (424) that are connected in sequence, and is used to electrically isolate and filter the current signal collected by the sampling component (41) and then convert it into a DC current signal processed by the grounding protection main system (5).

4. The integrated communication and sampling small current grounding protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling cable storage device (6) further includes a damping device and a stopping device (64) for locking the winding shaft (62). The damping device is arranged on the winding shaft (62). The stopping device (64) includes a locking disc (641) and a locking pin (642). The locking disc (641) is used to connect to the winding shaft (62). The circumferential surface of the locking disc (641) is evenly provided with locking holes (643). The size and shape of the locking holes (643) match those of the locking pin (642); the locking pin (642) is installed on the housing (61) through a guide sleeve, and the guide sleeve is used to ensure the axial movement of the locking pin (642) and align it with the locking holes (643); an elastic element is installed at the tail of the locking pin (642) for resisting the tail of the locking pin (642).

5. The integrated communication and sampling small current grounding protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that The data communication module (54) includes a wired communication unit (541) and a wireless communication unit (542); the wired communication unit (541) includes an RS-485 interface, an RS-232 interface, and an optical fiber transmitter. The RS-485 interface is communicatively connected to the remote monitoring platform through a twisted pair, and the RS-232 interface is communicatively connected to the grounding detection and protection module (53) through a serial cable; the optical fiber transmitter is communicatively connected to the remote monitoring platform through an optical fiber; the wireless communication unit (542) includes a 4G communication component, a 5G Internet of Things communication component, or a 6G communication component; the wireless communication unit (542) is used to communicatively connect to the remote monitoring platform.

6. The integrated communication and sampling small current grounding protection device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The wireless communication unit (542) is provided with two independent 4G communication components; alternatively, the wireless communication unit (542) is provided with two independent 5G Internet of Things communication components; alternatively, the wireless communication unit (542) is provided with two independent 6G communication components.

7. The integrated communication and sampling small current grounding protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grounding protection main system (5) is externally covered with a housing (7), and the housing (7) adopts a box-shaped shell.

8. The small current grounding protection device integrating communication and sampling according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The power supply of the small current grounding protection device (1) includes grid power supply and battery power supply; when using grid power supply, the grid voltage is converted into the power supply voltage of the small current grounding protection device (1) through a power conversion module provided between the grid cable and the small current grounding protection device (1).

9. The integrated communication and sampling small current grounding protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that The signal conversion module (51) includes a signal amplification unit and an analog-to-digital conversion unit connected in series in sequence.

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