Physical high-purity high-powder-removal equipment for pole piece

Abstract

The utility model discloses pole piece physical high-purity high-powder-removal equipment which comprises a first crushing mechanism, a grading mechanism, a dust remover and an induced draft fan, the grading mechanism is arranged at the top of the first crushing mechanism, and a mixture crushed by the first crushing mechanism enters the grading mechanism through a sorting cavity; an aluminum foil output end is arranged at the lower part of the sorting cavity; a plurality of spoilers and a plurality of flow aiding plates are arranged on the inner wall of the sorting cavity; a preset included angle is formed between the spoiler and the inner wall of the sorting cavity, and the flow aiding plate is an angle plate with two ends fixed on the inner wall of the sorting cavity; the input end of the second crushing mechanism communicates with the output end of the aluminum foil; and the aluminum foil sorted by the sorting cavity enters the second crushing mechanism to be subjected to secondary crushing and then is recycled. When the device is used, the recovery purity of aluminum metal is high, and the purity of aluminum particles is as high as 95-98%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of battery cathode recycling, and specifically to a physical high-purity and high-deflaking device for pole pieces. Background Art

[0002] The existing recycling process for waste battery cathode sheets mainly uses crushers, classifiers, dust collectors, negative pressure systems, etc. to crush, classify and recycle waste batteries. However, the purity of the recovered aluminum foil and the purity of the graphite powder are not high, and both need to be purified again before they can be used.

[0003] Therefore, when dry-stripping the positive and negative electrode sheets of the battery, how to obtain a high-purity and high-deflaking recycled product is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present utility model is to provide a physical high-purity and high-deflaking device for pole pieces in view of the deficiencies of the prior art. The device includes a first crushing mechanism, a classification mechanism, a dust collector and an induced draft fan. The classification mechanism is arranged above the first crushing mechanism;

[0005] A sorting chamber. The mixture crushed by the first crushing mechanism enters the classification mechanism through the sorting chamber. An aluminum foil output end is arranged at the lower part of the sorting chamber. A plurality of spoiler plates and a plurality of flow-aiding plates are arranged on the inner wall of the sorting chamber. The spoiler plates form a predetermined angle with the inner wall of the sorting chamber. One end of the spoiler plate is fixed on the inner wall of the sorting chamber, and the other end of the spoiler plate extends downward into the sorting chamber. The flow-aiding plate is an angle plate with both ends fixed on the inner wall of the sorting chamber;

[0006] A second crushing mechanism, the input end of which is communicated with the aluminum foil output end. The aluminum foil sorted by the sorting chamber enters the second crushing mechanism for secondary crushing and then recycling;

[0007] Wherein, under the negative pressure of the induced draft fan, during the process of the mixture swirling upward inside the sorting chamber, it collides with the flow-aiding plate, the spoiler plate and the inner wall of the sorting chamber. After the collision, the mixture moves in multiple directions inside the sorting chamber, and multiple sorts are carried out during the process of moving in multiple directions.

[0008] In some embodiments, in the physical high-purity and high-deflaking device for pole pieces, the inner wall of the sorting chamber is an aspherical surface.

[0009] In some embodiments, in the physical high-purity and high-deflaking device for pole pieces, the inner wall of the sorting chamber encloses a cuboid.

[0010] In some embodiments, in the physical high-purity and high-deflaking device for pole pieces, the flow-aiding plate includes a first sub-plate and a second sub-plate fixedly connected at a predetermined angle;

[0011] During the upward movement, the mixture will collide with the outer wall of the first sub-plate; during the downward movement of the mixture, the mixture will collide with the outer wall of the second sub-plate, separating at least part of the aluminum foil and black powder in the mixture.

[0012] In some embodiments, in the described physical high-purity and high-deflaking equipment for pole pieces, the included angle between the first sub-plate and the second sub-plate is 30° to 60°.

[0013] In some embodiments, in the described physical high-purity and high-deflaking equipment for pole pieces, the lengths of the spoiler plate, the first sub-plate, and the second sub-plate extending into the sorting chamber are 10 cm to 30 cm.

[0014] In some embodiments, in the described physical high-purity and high-deflaking equipment for pole pieces, a plurality of the flow-aiding plates are arranged on the inner wall of the sorting chamber from bottom to top.

[0015] In some embodiments, in the described physical high-purity and high-deflaking equipment for pole pieces, the spoiler plate includes a first spoiler plate and a plurality of second spoiler plates;

[0016] The first spoiler plate is arranged at the input end of the sorting chamber, and the mixture output by the first pulverizing mechanism collides with the first spoiler plate under the action of negative pressure.

[0017] In some embodiments, in the described physical high-purity and high-deflaking equipment for pole pieces, a chamber door is provided on the sorting chamber.

[0018] In some embodiments, in the described physical high-purity and high-deflaking equipment for pole pieces, at least one of the second spoiler plates is arranged on the inner wall of the chamber door.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

[0020] The present utility model discloses a physical high-purity and high-powder-removal device for pole pieces. After the positive pole pieces of the battery to be recycled are crushed by the first crushing mechanism, under the negative pressure generated by the induced draft fan, the mixture composed of the crushed aluminum foil and black powder enters the classification mechanism through the sorting chamber; there are multiple movement forms of the mixture in the sorting chamber. The mixture rises in a cyclone shape inside the sorting chamber under the action of negative pressure. During the rising process of the mixture, it will collide with the flow-aid plate, the turbulence plate, and the inner wall of the sorting chamber. The collision will cause the black powder doped on the aluminum foil to fall off from the aluminum foil, and the fallen black powder moves to the classification mechanism under the action of negative pressure; at the same time, since the flow-aid plate and the turbulence plate are arranged at an angle with the inner wall of the sorting chamber, after the collision, part of the black powder, the mixture of aluminum foil and black powder will move downward to the output end of the first crushing mechanism, and the wind blown out from the output end will re-sort the mixture. The mixture is sorted in multiple directions and multiple times in the sorting chamber, maximizing the separation rate of the aluminum foil and the black powder, and ensuring the final powder-removal purity and powder-removal efficiency. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the physical high-purity and high-powder-removal device for pole pieces of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the first crushing mechanism, the sorting chamber, and the classification mechanism in the physical high-purity and high-powder-removal device for pole pieces of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the sorting chamber in the physical high-purity and high-powder-removal device for pole pieces of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the flow-aid plate in the physical high-purity and high-powder-removal device for pole pieces of the present utility model.

[0025] In the figure: 1 - the first crushing mechanism, 2 - the sorting chamber, 21 - the aluminum foil output end, 22 - the turbulence plate, 221 - the first turbulence plate, 222 - the second turbulence plate, 23 - the flow-aid plate, 231 - the first sub-plate, 232 - the second sub-plate, 24 - the chamber door, 3 - the classification mechanism, 4 - the dust collector, 5 - the induced draft fan, 6 - the second crushing mechanism, 61 - the finished aluminum foil outlet, 7 - the A powder outlet, 8 - the B powder outlet. Detailed Embodiments

[0026] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model.

[0027] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, the present utility model provides a physical high-purity and high-powder-removal device for pole pieces, which includes:

[0028] The first crushing mechanism 1;

[0029] A sorting chamber 2 with a cuboid inner cavity. The mixture crushed by the first crushing mechanism 1 enters the classification mechanism 3 through the sorting chamber 2. The sorting chamber 2 includes a plurality of spoiler plates 22 and a plurality of flow assisting plates 23 provided on its inner wall, and an aluminum foil output end 21 provided at the lower part of the sorting chamber 2;

[0030] The classification mechanism 3 is arranged above the first crushing mechanism 1;

[0031] A second crushing mechanism 6, whose input end is communicated with the aluminum foil output end 21. The aluminum foil sorted by the sorting chamber 2 enters the second crushing mechanism 6 for secondary crushing and then recycling;

[0032] A dust collector 4;

[0033] An induced draft fan 5;

[0034] Wherein, the spoiler plate 22 forms a predetermined angle with the inner wall of the sorting chamber 2. One end of the spoiler plate 22 is fixed on the inner wall of the sorting chamber 2, and the other end of the spoiler plate 22 extends downward into the sorting chamber 2. The flow assisting plate 23 is an angle plate composed of a first sub-plate 231 and a second sub-plate 232. Both ends of the first sub-plate 231 and the second sub-plate 232 are fixed on the inner wall of the sorting chamber 2.

[0035] The physical high-purity and high-deflaking equipment for the pole piece of the utility model, during its use, the battery positive pole piece to be recycled is crushed by the first crushing mechanism 1. The battery pole piece is introduced into the first crushing mechanism 1 by negative pressure. The crushing rotor and the stator in the first crushing mechanism 1 cooperate to perform high-speed rubbing. The hammer heads on the crushing disc are in the shape of arc-shaped blocks, and the crushing stator is trapezoidal with arcs at the corners. Through the high-speed rubbing of the stator and the rotor, the materials on the pole piece are separated. There is a circle of hammer heads on both sides of the crushing disc. When the materials enter the crushing cavity, they are rubbed by the innermost hammer heads and then enter another cavity for secondary crushing. Then, under the negative pressure generated by the induced draft fan 5, the mixture composed of aluminum foil and black powder enters the grading mechanism 3 through the sorting cavity 2; there are multiple movement forms of the mixture in the sorting cavity 2. The mixture rises in a cyclone shape inside the sorting cavity 2 under the action of negative pressure. During the rising process of the mixture, it will collide with the flow-aid plate 23, the spoiler plate 22, and the inner wall of the sorting cavity 2. The mixture will slide down along the cavity wall to continue crushing or be exported. The collision will cause the black powder doped on the aluminum foil to fall off from the aluminum foil. The fallen black powder moves upward to the grading mechanism 3 under the action of negative pressure; at the same time, since the flow-aid plate 23 and the spoiler plate 22 are arranged at an angle with the inner wall of the sorting cavity 2, after the collision, part of the mixture of black powder, aluminum foil, and aluminum foil adhered with black powder will move downward to the output end of the first crushing mechanism 1. The wind blown out from the output end will perform secondary sorting on the mixture. The mixture is sorted in multiple directions and multiple times in the sorting cavity 2 to maximize the separation rate of the aluminum foil and the black powder. Then, the black powder is discharged from the A powder outlet 7 through devices such as the grading mechanism 3 and the collector, ensuring the final deflaking purity and deflaking efficiency, and there is no material storage phenomenon in the sorting, grading, and recycling devices after deflaking and recycling.

[0036] Under the negative pressure of the induced draft fan 5, during the process of the mixture spiraling upward inside the sorting cavity 2, it collides with the flow-aid plate 23, the spoiler plate 22, and the inner wall of the sorting cavity 2. After the collision, the mixture moves in multiple directions inside the sorting cavity 2 and is sorted multiple times during the multiple-direction movement process.

[0037] After the aluminum foil crushed by the first crushing mechanism 1 is discharged, it is introduced into the secondary crushing cavity by the negative pressure of the second crushing mechanism 6 for re-crushing. Since the first crushing mechanism 1 mainly collects high-purity powder, a part of black powder will remain on the aluminum foil discharged from the aluminum foil output end 21. The rotor in the secondary crushing cavity uses square alloy hammers, which play the role of crushing and high-speed shearing. The stator adopts a trapezoidal angular edge method to achieve better matching with the rotor for crushing. After the aluminum foil is crushed twice, almost all the remaining black powder will be peeled off. The classification area for secondary peeling is opposite to the crushing area. Because the aluminum particles formed after high-speed crushing will have a high collision effect, like the first crushing, it will increase the classification pressure and reduce the production capacity. It is better to place the classification area opposite to the crushing area. Because of the high-speed rotation and crushing in the crushing cavity, it will form a cyclone shape and go to the classification area. The aluminum particles have extensibility and will form an inner and outer layer with the black powder after high-speed collision with the crushing disc. The aluminum particles are large in size and small in specific gravity, so they will be in the outer layer, while the black powder particles are small in size and large in specific gravity, so they will be in the inner layer. The inner layer is close to the classification wheel in the classification area, which can enable the classification wheel to quickly sort, quickly pass the qualified black powder, and enter the B powder collection area.

[0038] The setting methods of the multiple spoiler plates 22 and the multiple flow-aiding plates 23 in the sorting cavity can be various. The multiple spoiler plates 22 can be horizontally arranged on the inner wall of the sorting cavity 2, or can be arranged on the inner wall of the sorting cavity 2 at a certain angle to the horizontal direction. With different setting methods, the mixture will collide with the spoiler plates 22 during the movement in the sorting cavity, and a sorting is completed during the collision process. At the same time, the spoiler plates 22 disrupt the original movement direction of the mixture. The multiple flow-aiding plates 23 can be horizontally arranged on the inner wall of the sorting cavity 2, or can be arranged on the inner wall of the sorting cavity 2 at a certain angle to the horizontal direction. The mixture collides with the flow-aiding plates 23 during the movement in the sorting cavity for sorting.

[0039] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in the sorting cavity 2, the spoiler plates 22 include a first spoiler plate 221 and multiple second spoiler plates 222; the first spoiler plate 221 is arranged at the input end of the sorting cavity 2, and the mixture crushed by the first crushing mechanism 1 collides with the first spoiler plate 221 and is intercepted by the first spoiler plate 221 and changed to move downward.

[0040] The flow-aiding plate 23 includes a first sub-plate 231 and a second sub-plate 232 fixedly connected at a predetermined angle; when the mixture moves upward, it will collide with the outer wall of the first sub-plate 231; when the mixture moves downward, it will collide with the outer wall of the second sub-plate 232.

[0041] The flow aid plate 23 is horizontally arranged, or the flow aid plate 23 forms a certain angle with the horizontal direction; the first sub-plate 231 and the second sub-plate 232 are flat plates, or the first sub-plate 231 and the second sub-plate 232 are S-shaped plates or V-shaped plates connected end to end, ensuring effective collision between the mixture and the flow aid plate 23 during the upward and downward movement processes of the mixture, ensuring the separation quality. The plate type and the number of the flow aid plates 23 can be set according to actual production needs.

[0042] For example, during the actual production process, multiple flow aid plates 23 are arranged on the inner wall of the separation chamber 2 from bottom to top. The multiple flow aid plates 23 can be arranged at equal intervals, or from top to bottom, and the distance between adjacent two flow aid plates 23 can be set to gradually decrease from top to bottom.

[0043] The mixture of black powder and aluminum foil broken by the first crushing mechanism 1 enters the separation chamber 2 under negative pressure. When leading to the separation chamber 2, a first spoiler 221 with an angle is arranged at the input end of the separation chamber 2. Due to the high-speed rotating rotor during the crushing process and the negative pressure leading to the classification area, the crushed mixture forms a swirling motion. The main function of the first spoiler 221 is to separate some aluminum foil that may be carried in the black powder. When the black powder rises, it collides with the first spoiler 221, and the first spoiler 221 intercepts a part of the aluminum foil in the black powder to complete the first separation.

[0044] The separated aluminum foil will move downward. During the downward movement, it will meet the air output by the first crushing mechanism 1 during operation. The blowing of the air performs a third separation on the aluminum foil and / or the black powder. The black powder with a lighter mass will move towards the classification mechanism 3 under the action of the air and the negative pressure, and the aluminum foil in the gravity will continue to move downward to complete the third separation;

[0045] Meanwhile, when the black powder and the aluminum foil perform swirling upward movement, downward movement, and collision movement, they will collide with multiple flow aid plates 23 and spoilers 22 arranged on the separation chamber 2, and cooperate with the negative pressure wind force to complete the fourth or even fifth separation.

[0046] In the above solution, a flow aid plate 23 is arranged adjacent to the lower end surface of the separation chamber 2. When the mixture descends to the lower end surface, the mixture in a swirling motion as a whole collides with this flow aid plate 23 to increase the number of separation times.

[0047] A chamber door 24 is opened on the inner wall of the separation chamber 2 corresponding to the first crushing mechanism 1. At least one second spoiler 222 is arranged on the inner wall of the chamber door 24.

[0048] A second spoiler 222 is arranged opposite to the flow aid plate 23 adjacent to the lower end surface of the separation chamber 2.

[0049] At the lower end face of the sorting chamber, the crushed mixture is likely to remain in the corners. To avoid this phenomenon, a flow-aiding plate 23 is provided on the side wall of the sorting chamber near the lower end face. Meanwhile, a second flow-disturbing plate 222 is arranged opposite to the flow-aiding plate 23. The second flow-disturbing plate 222 has a certain inclination angle, and the other end of the second flow-disturbing plate 222 abuts against the lower end face of the sorting chamber 2. In this way, by using the second flow-disturbing plate 222 and the flow-aiding plate 23, the flow probability of the mixture is increased, and the phenomenon of material accumulation in the sorting chamber 2 is avoided.

[0050] In some embodiments, 4 flow-aiding plates 23 are provided, and 2 flow-disturbing plates 22 are provided. The numbers of the flow-aiding plates 23 and the flow-disturbing plates 22 are set according to actual needs.

[0051] In the above solution, the included angle between the first sub-plate 231 and the second sub-plate 232 is 30° - 45°. In some embodiments, the included angle between the first sub-plate 231 and the second sub-plate 232 is 30°, 40°, 45°, etc. Different angles can be set according to different collision intensities or numbers of times.

[0052] In the above solution, the lengths of the flow-disturbing plate, the first sub-plate 231 and the second sub-plate 232 extending into the sorting chamber 2 are 15 cm.

[0053] The lengths of the flow-disturbing plate 22, the first sub-plate 231 and the second sub-plate 232 can be the same or different, and the lengths can be 10 cm, 13 cm, 15 cm, 17 cm, etc.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit them. Any other modifications or equivalent replacements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A physical high-purity and high anti-powdering device for electrode sheets, characterized in that, Comprising: A first crushing mechanism (1); A sorting chamber (2) with a cuboid inner cavity, and the mixture crushed by the first crushing mechanism (1) enters the classification mechanism (3) via the sorting chamber (2); the sorting chamber (2) includes a plurality of turbulence plates (22) and a plurality of flow-assisting plates (23) provided on its inner wall, and an aluminum foil output end (21) provided at the lower part of the sorting chamber (2); The classification mechanism (3), which is arranged above the first crushing mechanism (1); A second crushing mechanism (6), whose input end is communicated with the aluminum foil output end (21); the aluminum foil sorted by the sorting chamber (2) enters the second crushing mechanism (6) for secondary crushing and then is recycled; A dust collector (4); An induced draft fan (5); Wherein, the turbulence plate (22) forms a predetermined angle with the inner wall of the sorting chamber (2), one end of the turbulence plate (22) is fixed on the inner wall of the sorting chamber (2), and the other end of the turbulence plate (22) extends downward into the sorting chamber (2); the flow-assisting plate (23) is an angle plate composed of a first sub-plate (231) and a second sub-plate (232), and the Both ends of the first sub-plate (231) and the second sub-plate (232) are fixed on the inner wall of the sorting chamber (2).

2. The physical high-purity and high powder-removing device for the pole piece according to claim 1, wherein The included angle between the first sub-plate (231) and the second sub-plate (232) is 30° - 45°.

3. The physical high-purity and high dust-removal equipment for pole pieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the turbulence plate (22) is 10 cm.

4. A physical high-purity and high powder-removing device for pole pieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the first sub-plate (231) is 15 cm.

5. The physical high-purity and high powder-removing device for pole pieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length that the second sub-plate (232) extends into the sorting chamber (2) is 15 cm.

6. The physical high-purity and high powder-removing device for pole pieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, One of the turbulence plates (22) is arranged relative to the output end of the first crushing mechanism (1).

7. The physical high-purity and high powder removal equipment for pole pieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, A chamber door (24) is provided on the sorting chamber (2), and at least one second turbulence plate (222) is provided on the chamber door (24).

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