Solid waste treatment equipment

Abstract

The utility model aims to provide solid waste treatment equipment. The solid waste treatment equipment comprises a pretreatment device, a magnetic separation device, a first conveying device, a second conveying device, a leaching reaction device, a leaching reagent storage device and the like. The pretreatment device is used for screening out solid waste particles with the particle size smaller than a preset value, and the magnetic separation device is used for receiving the solid waste particles screened by the pretreatment device and separating magnetic substances in a magnetic separation mode to obtain demagnetized solid particles; the leaching reaction device is used for receiving the solid particles and a leaching reagent and carrying out immersion treatment on the solid particles through the leaching reagent to obtain leaching liquid containing recoverable substances and undissolved solids; the leaching reagent storage device is arranged above the leaching reaction device and is used for releasing a leaching reagent to the leaching reaction device. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the separation and extraction efficiency of recyclable substances can be improved, and the pH value of solid waste and the harm to the environment are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy conservation and environmental protection, and particularly to a processing device for solid waste. Background Art

[0002] Industrial solid waste has a wide variety, including but not limited to steel slag, iron slag, fly ash, carbide slag, fly ash, sludge, red mud, lithium slag, etc. Based on the needs of production and processing technology, the particle surface of industrial solid waste often contains alkaline or acidic active substances, and such active substances are easily soluble in water.

[0003] At the same time, the quantity of industrial solid waste is large, with a large annual output, but the effective utilization is insufficient, and many solid wastes are treated by stacking. Although there are clear restrictions on open-air stacking of industrial solid waste, the active substances on the surface of industrial solid waste particles may still cause the leaching of alkaline or acidic substances and penetrate into the soil during transportation and stacking due to factors such as humidity, water vapor, and accidental rain. Considering the annual increase and land occupation of industrial solid waste, the long-term impact of this part of stacked industrial solid waste on the environment is extremely large.

[0004] Meanwhile, in the prior art, during the treatment process of the above-mentioned solid waste, it is usually necessary to crush and perform magnetic separation, and then separate and extract. However, the entire process is usually manually controlled and connected, resulting in low separation and purification efficiency and unnecessary waste.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a processing device for solid waste to facilitate operation, improve the separation and extraction efficiency of recyclable substances, and reduce the acidity and alkalinity of solid waste and its harm to the environment is a technical problem that the present utility model urgently needs to solve. Summary of the Utility Model

[0006] An object of the present application is to provide a processing device for solid waste, which can facilitate operation, improve the separation and extraction efficiency of recyclable substances, and reduce the acidity and alkalinity of solid waste and its harm to the environment.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a processing device for solid waste, including:

[0008] A pretreatment device for screening out solid waste particles with a particle size smaller than a preset value, wherein the solid waste particles contain recyclable substances;

[0009] A magnetic separation device for receiving the solid waste particles screened by the pretreatment device and separating magnetic substances by magnetic separation to obtain demagnetized solid particles;

[0010] A first conveying device disposed between the pretreatment device and the magnetic separation device;

[0011] An extraction reaction device for receiving the solid particles and an extraction reagent, and after performing an extraction treatment on the solid particles with the extraction reagent, obtaining an extraction liquid containing recoverable substances and undissolved solids;

[0012] A second conveying device disposed between the magnetic separation device and the extraction reaction device;

[0013] An extraction reagent storage device disposed above the extraction reaction device for releasing the extraction reagent to the extraction reaction device.

[0014] Further preferably, the preset value is 4 - 6 cm.

[0015] Further preferably, the first conveying device includes: a pipeline, and a crawler conveyor disposed in the pipeline and used for conveying the solid waste particles; wherein, one end of the conveying crawler in the crawler conveyor is located at the outlet end of the pretreatment device, and the other end is located at the inlet end of the magnetic separation device.

[0016] Further preferably, the second conveying device includes: a conveyor for conveying the solid particles, and a bin disposed above the inlet end of the extraction reaction device; wherein, one end of the conveyor is located at the outlet end of the magnetic separation device, and the other end is located above the bin.

[0017] Further preferably, it further includes: a multi-stage vibrating screen, a slag discharger, a thickener, and a storage tank; wherein, the extraction reaction device is used for stirring and fully reacting the extraction liquid and the undissolved solids, separating out the undissolved solids with a particle diameter greater than 3 mm and discharging them into the storage tank, and the remaining part, after being processed by the multi-stage vibrating screen, a part flows into the storage tank, and the other part flows into the thickener for concentration treatment; wherein, the thickener is used for adding a flocculant and making the extraction liquid concentrate and precipitate to obtain a concentrated slurry.

[0018] Further preferably, the multi-stage vibrating screen is a three-stage vibrating screen and is used for screening out particles larger than 75 μm and discharging them into the storage tank, and the remaining part flows into the thickener.

[0019] Further preferably, it further includes: a filter and a recovery tank; wherein, the filter is used for filtering the concentrated slurry obtained after the concentration treatment by the thickener, and after filtering out the solids, the separated liquid flows into the recovery tank.

[0020] Further preferably, the above-mentioned pretreatment device includes: a crusher for crushing the solid waste, and a screening machine for receiving the crushed material generated by the crusher and screening out the solid waste particles.

[0021] Further preferably, the magnetic separation device includes: a drum magnetic separator or a flat magnetic separator.

[0022] Further preferably, the leaching reaction device includes: a propeller blade reactor, a trough blade reactor, or a drum reactor with a filter screen.

[0023] Further preferably, the filter includes: a plate and frame filter press or a centrifugal filter.

[0024] Further preferably, the recyclable substances at least include: any one or a combination of calcium, silicon, aluminum, or iron.

[0025] Further preferably, it further includes: a control device electrically connected to the pretreatment device, the first conveying device, the magnetic separation device, the second conveying device, the leaching reaction device, and the leaching reagent storage device.

[0026] Further preferably, the control device is a PLC controller or an industrial control computer.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present application can improve the separation and extraction efficiency of recyclable substances. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] By reading the detailed description of the non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings, other features, objects, and advantages of the present application will become more apparent:

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the solid waste treatment equipment in Embodiment 1;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a circuit module block diagram of a preferred solid waste treatment equipment in Embodiment 1;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a circuit module block diagram of another preferred solid waste treatment equipment in Embodiment 1.

[0032] Reference numerals: pretreatment device 10, crusher 101, screening machine 102, magnetic separation device 20, silo 30, leaching reaction device 40, leaching reagent storage device 50, multi-stage vibrating screen 60, storage tank 70, thickener 80, filter 90, recovery tank 100, conveyor 200, slag discharger 500. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0033] The word extraction device of the present utility model will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the schematic diagrams, in which the preferred embodiments of the present utility model are shown. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can modify the present utility model described herein while still achieving the advantageous effects of the present utility model. Therefore, the following description should be understood as a broad guidance for those skilled in the art and not as a limitation to the present utility model.

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] Figure 1 A solid waste treatment device provided according to Embodiment 1 is shown, which mainly consists of a pretreatment device 10, a magnetic separation device 20, a first conveying device, a second conveying device, a leaching reaction device 40, a leaching reagent storage device 50, and a control device, etc.

[0036] The pretreatment device 10 is used to screen out solid waste particles with a particle size smaller than a preset value, wherein the solid waste particles contain recyclable substances;

[0037] The first conveying device is arranged between the pretreatment device 10 and the magnetic separation device 20.

[0038] The magnetic separation device 20 is used to receive the solid waste particles screened by the pretreatment device 10, and after separating the magnetic substances by magnetic separation, obtain demagnetized solid particles;

[0039] The second conveying device is arranged between the magnetic separation device 20 and the leaching reaction device 40.

[0040] The leaching reaction device 40 is used to receive the solid particles output by the magnetic separation device 20 in the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 1 , as well as the leaching reagent released by the leaching reagent storage device 50, and after subjecting the solid particles to immersion treatment with the leaching reagent, obtain a leaching liquid containing recyclable substances and undissolved solids.

[0041] The leaching reagent storage device 50 is arranged above the leaching reaction device 40 and is used to release the leaching reagent to the leaching reaction device 40.

[0042] As Figure 2 shown, the solid waste treatment device further includes: a control device electrically connected to the pretreatment device 10, the first conveying device, the magnetic separation device 20, the second conveying device, the leaching reaction device 40, and the leaching reagent storage device 50.

[0043] As can be seen from the above: In this embodiment, through the cooperation of the first conveying device, the second conveying device, and the leaching reagent storage device 50, the solid particles and the leaching reagent obtained by the leaching reaction device 40 can react according to a preset mass ratio and be adjusted according to actual needs, thereby improving the separation and extraction efficiency of recyclable substances and reducing the pH value of solid waste and its harm to the environment. Moreover, the above-mentioned solid waste treatment equipment can make the entire recycling reaction process proceed more quickly, efficiently, and on a large scale, thereby reducing the occupied storage area of industrial solid waste. Among them, the mass ratio of the solid particles to the leaching reagent is preferably 10:1 to 1:10 to ensure that the reaction efficiency can meet the actual production requirements and reduce costs.

[0044] Specifically, the above preset value is preferably 4 to 6 cm, and only taking 5 cm as an example for illustration to improve the efficiency of subsequent purification reactions and solid-liquid separation. The solid waste is preferably industrial waste slag, such as steel slag, iron slag, fly ash, carbide slag, fly ash, sludge, red mud, lithium slag, etc.

[0045] In addition, the above leaching reagent can preferably be an alkaline solution.

[0046] Further preferably, the above first conveying device includes: a pipeline, a crawler conveyor (not shown in the figure) disposed inside the pipeline and used for conveying the solid waste particles, etc. Among them, one end of the conveying crawler in the above crawler conveyor is located at the outlet end of the pretreatment device 10, and the other end is located at the inlet end of the above magnetic separation device 20. Through this layout, not only can the closed conveying of solid waste particles be realized, but also the leakage of smoke and dust can be prevented from polluting the environment.

[0047] Further preferably, the above second conveying device includes: a conveyor 200 for conveying the solid particles, a silo 30 disposed above the inlet end of the leaching reaction device 40, etc. Among them, one end of the conveyor 200 is located at the outlet end of the magnetic separation device 20, and the other end is located above the silo 30, for example, receiving and conveying solid particles in the direction of the arrow shown in Figure 1 The conveyor 200 can preferably be a crawler conveyor or a bucket elevator, etc.

[0048] Through the silo 30, the storage and release of solid particles can be better realized, so that the number of solid particles input into the leaching reaction device 40 and the reaction time can be better controlled.

[0049] Further preferably, the above-mentioned solid waste treatment equipment further includes: a multi-stage vibrating screen 60, a slag discharger 500, a thickener 80, and a storage tank 70. Among them, after the leaching reaction device 40 stirs and fully reacts the leaching liquid and undissolved solids, and separates out the particles with a particle diameter, for example, greater than 3 mm, and undissolved solids, they are discharged into the storage tank 70 through the slag discharger 500, and the remaining part is processed by the multi-stage vibrating screen 60, and a part of it flows into the storage tank 70, and the other part flows into the thickener 80 for concentration treatment; among them, the above-mentioned thickener 80 is used to add a flocculant, and after the leaching liquid is concentrated and precipitated, a concentrated slurry is obtained. Through the cooperation of the leaching reaction device 40, the multi-stage vibrating screen 60, the thickener 80, and the storage tank 70, not only can the full reaction, washing, separation, etc. of the leaching liquid and undissolved solids be realized, but also the extraction efficiency of recyclable substances can be improved.

[0050] Further preferably, the above-mentioned multi-stage vibrating screen 60 is preferably a three-stage vibrating screen, and is used to screen out particles larger than 75 μm and discharge them into the storage tank 70, while the remaining part flows into the thickener 80. Through multi-stage reaction, the maximum recovery and utilization of acid-base substances in industrial solid waste can be realized, and pollution energy consumption can be reduced. Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the multi-stage vibrating screen 60 may preferably include a first-stage vibrating screen 601, a second-stage vibrating screen 602, and a third-stage vibrating screen 603, etc. Among them, each stage of the vibrating screen screens out particles of a preset size during the screening process and discharges them into the storage tank 70, while discharging the remaining part into the next-stage vibrating screen for further screening, or discharging it into the thickener 80 for further treatment. Among them, the particle meshes screened out by the first-stage vibrating screen 601, the second-stage vibrating screen 602, and the third-stage vibrating screen 603 may be the same or gradually decreasing.

[0051] In addition, the above-mentioned slag discharger 500 may preferably be a dedicated slag discharger, or may be a scraper conveyor or a crawler conveyor, etc.

[0052] Further preferably, the above-mentioned solid waste treatment equipment further includes: a filter 90 and a recovery tank 100, etc. Among them, the filter 90 is also used to filter the concentrated slurry obtained after the concentration treatment by the thickener 80, and after filtering out the solids, the separated liquid obtained flows into the recovery tank 100.

[0053] Further preferably, the above-mentioned pretreatment device 10 preferably further includes: a crusher 101, a screening machine 102, etc., for crushing and initially screening the above-mentioned solid waste, and then discharging it into the magnetic separation device 20.

[0054] Further preferably, the magnetic separation device includes: a drum magnetic separator or a flat magnetic separator.

[0055] Further preferably, the leaching reaction device 40 may preferably include: a propeller blade reactor, a trough blade reactor, a drum reactor with a filter screen, etc.

[0056] Further preferably, the filter 90 includes: a plate and frame filter press, a centrifugal filter, etc.

[0057] Further preferably, the recyclable substances at least include: any one or a combination of calcium, silicon, aluminum, or iron.

[0058] As a preferred solution, the above-mentioned solid waste treatment equipment further includes: a solenoid valve 302 provided on the discharge pipe below the above-mentioned silo 30, a solenoid valve 401 provided on the output pipe connected to the leaching reaction device 40, a solenoid valve 501 provided on the output pipe connected to the leaching reagent storage device 50, a solenoid valve 6011b provided on the conveying pipe between the first vibrating screen 601 and the second vibrating screen 602, a solenoid valve 6011a provided on the conveying pipe between the first vibrating screen 601 and the storage tank 70, a solenoid valve 6021b provided on the conveying pipe between the second vibrating screen 602 and the third vibrating screen 603, a solenoid valve 6021a provided on the conveying pipe between the second vibrating screen 602 and the storage tank 70, a solenoid valve 6031a provided on the conveying pipe between the third vibrating screen 603 and the storage tank 70, a solenoid valve 6031b provided on the conveying pipe between the third vibrating screen 603 and the thickener 80, a solenoid valve 801 provided on the conveying pipe between the thickener 80 and the filter 90, a solenoid valve 901 provided on the conveying pipe between the filter 90 and the storage tank 70, a solenoid valve 902 provided on the conveying pipe between the filter 90 and the recovery tank 100, etc. Among them, as Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown, the above-mentioned devices and each solenoid valve are electrically connected to the control device, and by independently opening or closing the solenoid valve, the control adjustment of each step and the regulation of the process flow can be achieved. In addition, the corresponding conveying pipe can be provided with a conveying pump electrically connected to the control device according to requirements to meet the conveying requirements, which will not be specifically described and limited here.

[0059] To illustrate the working principle of this embodiment, now in combination with the attached Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the following description is made:

[0060] After the above-mentioned primary crushing and grinding of solid waste with relatively large particles (particle size greater than 5 cm) by the crusher 101, most of the particle diameters can be made less than 5 cm. Then, after dry treatment or wet treatment, it is conveyed to the magnetic separation device 20 through the crawler conveyor in the pipeline of the corresponding first conveying device. Then, through the magnetic separation of the magnetic separation device 20, the obtained solid particles are conveyed to the storage bin 30 through the conveyor 200 for storage.

[0061] When the leaching reaction in the above-mentioned leaching reaction device 40 is completed, or when the solid particles in the storage bin 30 reach the preset cumulative amount, the solenoid valve is opened to release the solid particles into the leaching reaction device 40. Then, the solenoid valve 501 is opened to discharge the leaching reagent in the leaching reagent device into the leaching reaction device 40 according to the mass ratio of the solid particles released each time. The solid particles and the leaching liquid are fed into the leaching reaction device 40 from one end, and after sufficient contact and reaction inside, the undissolved solids such as coarse solid waste larger than 3 mm are discharged to the storage tank 70 for stacking through the slag discharge machine 500, etc. The remaining part, such as the leaching liquid containing fine solid waste, enters the multi-stage vibrating screen 60 through the output pipeline for filtration treatment. After being treated by the multi-stage vibrating screen 60, a part of it flows into the storage tank 70, and the other part flows into the thickener 80 for concentration treatment. The liquid treated by the thickener 80 is further filtered by the filter 90, and after filtering out the solid, the separated liquid obtained flows into the recovery tank 100.

[0062] Here, it should be noted that the flow directions of the leaching liquid and the undissolved solids in this embodiment can be referred to as the arrow directions shown in Figure 1 and only this is taken as an example for a brief description without specific limitation and elaboration.

[0063] In addition, it is worth mentioning that the above control device can preferably be a PLC controller, an industrial control computer, a host computer, etc.

[0064] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not impose any limitation on the present invention. Any person skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, makes any form of equivalent substitution or modification and other changes to the technical solution and technical content disclosed by the present invention, which are all within the content of the technical solution of the present invention and still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid waste treatment device, characterized in that, Comprising: A pretreatment device for screening out solid waste particles with a particle size smaller than a preset value, wherein the solid waste particles contain at least recyclable substances; A magnetic separation device for receiving the solid waste particles screened by the pretreatment device and separating magnetic substances by magnetic separation to obtain demagnetized solid particles; A first conveying device disposed between the pretreatment device and the magnetic separation device; An extraction reaction device for receiving the solid particles and an extraction reagent, and after subjecting the solid particles to immersion treatment with the extraction reagent, obtaining an extraction liquid containing recyclable substances and undissolved solids; A second conveying device disposed between the magnetic separation device and the extraction reaction device; An extraction reagent storage device disposed above the extraction reaction device for releasing the extraction reagent to the extraction reaction device.

2. The solid waste treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset value is 4 - 6 cm.

3. The treatment equipment for solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first conveying device includes: a pipeline, and a crawler conveyor disposed in the pipeline and used for conveying the solid waste particles from the pretreatment device into the magnetic separation device; wherein one end of the conveying crawler in the crawler conveyor is located at the outlet end of the pretreatment device, and the other end is located at the inlet end of the magnetic separation device.

4. The treatment equipment for solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second conveying device includes: a conveyor, and a feed bin disposed above the inlet end of the extraction reaction device, wherein one end of the conveyor is located at the outlet end of the magnetic separation device, and the other end is located above the feed bin for conveying the solid particles discharged from the extraction reaction device into the feed bin.

5. The treatment equipment for solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes: A multi-stage vibrating screen, a slag discharger, a thickener, and a storage tank; wherein the extraction reaction device is used for stirring and fully reacting the extraction liquid and the undissolved solids, separating out the undissolved solids with a particle diameter greater than 3 mm and discharging them into the storage tank, and the remaining part is processed by a multi-stage vibrating screen, and a part of it flows into the storage tank, and the other part flows into the thickener for concentration treatment.

6. The treatment equipment for solid waste according to claim 5, wherein, The multi-stage vibrating screen is a three-stage vibrating screen and is used for screening out particles larger than 75 μm and discharging them into the storage tank, and the remaining part flows into the thickener.

7. The solid waste treatment equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, It further includes: A filter and a recovery tank, wherein the filter is used for filtering the concentrated slurry obtained after the concentration treatment by the thickener, and after filtering out the solids, the separated liquid flows into the recovery tank.

8. The solid waste treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pretreatment device includes: a crusher for crushing the solid waste, and a screening machine for receiving the crushed material generated by the crusher and screening out solid waste particles.

9. The treatment equipment for solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic separation device includes: a drum magnetic separator or a flat magnetic separator.

10. The processing equipment for solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extraction reaction device includes: a propeller blade reactor, a trough blade reactor, or a drum reactor with a filter screen; And / or, the recyclable substances at least include: any one or a combination of calcium, silicon, aluminum, or iron.

11. The solid waste treatment equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that It further includes: A control device electrically connected to the pretreatment device, the first conveying device, the magnetic separation device, the second conveying device, the extraction reaction device, and the extraction reagent storage device; Wherein, the control device is a PLC controller or an industrial control computer.

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