Dual-purpose incinerator capable of reducing energy consumption

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of incinerators, and particularly relates to a dual-purpose incinerator capable of reducing energy consumption. The dual-purpose incinerator capable of reducing the energy consumption comprises an incinerator body, the incinerator body comprises a combustion chamber and a hearth, a combustor is arranged at one end of the combustion chamber and connected with a combustion fan, the combustor is connected with a natural gas pipeline, an upper annular box is arranged at the top of the combustion chamber, and a lower annular box is arranged at the bottom of the combustion chamber. The upper ring box and the lower ring box are both of a conical structure, and a thermometer and an oxygen content detector are arranged in the hearth. According to the dual-purpose incinerator capable of reducing energy consumption, the fuel gas spray gun and the waste gas spray gun are reasonably designed, the air guide plate is introduced, the service life of equipment is prolonged, a thermometer and an oxygen content detector are matched, fuel gas and waste gas are evenly mixed, combustion is sufficient, the incinerator is low in energy consumption, and meanwhile the dual-purpose incinerator is suitable for the natural gas working condition and the waste gas working condition; and real-time monitoring can be realized, and operation is easy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of incinerators, and in particular relates to a dual-purpose incinerator for reducing energy consumption. Background Art

[0002] As a key equipment for treating harmful substances such as industrial waste gas, medical waste and urban garbage, the performance optimization and stable operation of the incinerator are particularly important. Among them, the rationality of the fuel gas burner and air distribution layout is directly related to the overall efficiency, pollutant emission level and operational safety of the incinerator. The fuel gas burner is the core component of the gas boiler that injects fuel into the burner. Its function is to inject high-speed fuel into the burner. The stable burner can ensure uniform distribution of the flame, avoid local overheating or flameout, and reduce equipment vibration and damage caused by flame fluctuations; reasonable burner design and air distribution layout can ensure that the combustible components in the exhaust gas are fully burned and reduce the generation of harmful substances.

[0003] In order to realize that the waste gas incinerator can switch between natural gas working conditions and waste gas working conditions, it is necessary to reasonably arrange the positions of each waste gas burner and fuel gas burner, otherwise it will lead to increased energy consumption of the device, uneven mixing of fuel and air, and form a bias flow when entering the boiler. When the incinerator is biased, it will cause a large temperature deviation on both sides of the boiler, resulting in incomplete combustion. This will not only reduce the efficiency of the boiler and waste energy, but also cause excessive flue gas to be generated, increase the emission of harmful gases in the flue gas, and pollute the environment. Airflow deviation may also lead to more serious accidents. The uneven mixing of fuel and air will produce local high temperature and obvious pressure changes during combustion, aggravate the pressure fluctuation of the boiler, and in severe cases, cause the explosion of the boiler, causing huge personal accidents and property losses. Airflow deviation will further aggravate the wear of boiler-related equipment. If it is not repaired or replaced in time, it may cause equipment such as heat exchanger pipes, gas systems or flue gas systems to fail, increasing the risk of accidents and maintenance costs.

[0004] CN219713386U discloses a swirl mixing type waste gas incinerator, including an incinerator body and a burner, the incinerator body includes a furnace shell with a furnace, the burner includes a shell, a combustion fire channel, and a mixed gas fuel spray gun, the shell is provided with a secondary combustion air inlet, a secondary combustion air cavity is formed between the shell and the outer wall of the combustion fire channel, the inlet of the secondary combustion air cavity is connected with the secondary combustion air inlet, and the outlet of the secondary combustion air cavity is connected with the furnace; the combustion zone of the combustion fire channel is connected with the furnace, and the furnace shell is provided with a waste gas input structure on the side close to the burner, and the waste gas input structure includes a plurality of waste gas nozzles, and the waste gas nozzles penetrate the furnace shell in a manner of oblique cutting with the furnace shell. Although swirl mixing improves the mixing degree and avoids incomplete combustion, it can only be applied to one working condition, and cannot realize real-time monitoring of fuel gas and cannot adjust the air volume in a targeted manner. Summary of the Utility Model

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the defects existing in the prior art, and provide a dual-purpose incinerator with reduced energy consumption. By reasonably designing the fuel gas spray gun and the waste gas spray gun, introducing an air deflector, the service life of the equipment is extended. Cooperating with a thermometer and an oxygen content detector, the fuel gas and the waste gas are evenly mixed, the waste gas burns fully, the energy consumption of the incinerator is low, and it is suitable for both natural gas working conditions and waste gas working conditions, and can realize real-time monitoring and is easy to operate.

[0006] A dual-purpose incinerator with reduced energy consumption according to the utility model includes an incinerator body, and the incinerator body includes a combustion chamber and a furnace. One end of the combustion chamber is provided with a burner, the burner is connected with a combustion blower, the burner is connected with a natural gas pipeline, an upper ring box is arranged at the top of the combustion chamber, a lower ring box is arranged at the bottom, and a thermometer and an oxygen content detector are arranged in the furnace.

[0007] Preferably, the burner includes an inner burner ring and an outer burner ring. The inner burner ring is composed of an inner layer, an air deflector layer and an outer layer from the inside out. The inner layer and the outer layer are both provided with pilot burner nozzles. The pilot burner nozzles are connected with the natural gas pipeline through two different pilot burner fuel gas pipelines, and there is a pressure equalizing valve on each pipeline. The air deflector layer is divided by a combustion air deflector, and an ignition gun is arranged. The air deflector layer is connected with the combustion blower. The outer burner ring is provided with pilot burner nozzles, and the combustion blower is provided with a pipeline connected with the pilot burner nozzles on the outer burner ring.

[0008] Preferably, the ignition gun is of a jacket structure, including a jacket air duct and a gun barrel. The jacket air duct is connected with a compressed air pipeline, and a pressure reducing valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline. The gun barrel is connected with the natural gas pipeline through an ignition gun natural gas pipeline.

[0009] Preferably, the upper ring box is of a conical structure. The upper ring box is provided with a waste gas spray gun A. The waste gas spray gun A includes a waste gas nozzle and an oxidation air duct. The waste gas nozzle is connected with a waste gas pipeline through an upper waste gas ring box, and the oxidation air duct is connected with an air preheater through an upper oxidation air duct. The air preheater is connected with an oxidation blower.

[0010] Preferably, the waste gas spray guns are arranged in 2 circles on the upper ring box, and 8 are arranged in each circle.

[0011] Preferably, the lower ring box is of a conical structure. A fuel gas spray gun and a waste gas spray gun B are arranged in the lower ring box. The fuel gas spray gun includes a fuel gas nozzle and an air duct. The fuel gas nozzle is connected with a fuel nozzle natural gas pipeline, and the fuel nozzle natural gas pipeline is connected with the natural gas pipeline. An air deflector is arranged in the air duct, and the air duct is connected with a lower oxidation air duct.

[0012] Preferably, the structure of the waste gas spray gun B is the same as that of the waste gas spray gun A in the upper ring box. The waste gas spray gun B also includes a waste gas nozzle and an oxidation air pipe. The waste gas nozzle of the waste gas spray gun B is connected to the waste gas pipeline through the lower waste gas ring box, and the oxidation air pipe of the waste gas spray gun B is connected to the air preheater through the lower oxidation air duct.

[0013] Preferably, the fuel gas spray gun and the waste gas spray gun B are arranged in two circles in the lower ring box. The first circle at the cone top includes 8 waste gas spray guns B and 2 fuel gas spray guns. There is 1 fuel gas spray gun after every 4 waste gas spray guns B, and the second circle is 8 waste gas spray guns B.

[0014] A dual-purpose incinerator for reducing energy consumption according to the present invention includes an incinerator body and a waste gas pipeline. The incinerator body includes a combustion chamber and a furnace. One end of the combustion chamber is provided with a horizontally placed burner. The top of the combustion chamber is provided with an upper ring box, and the bottom is provided with a lower ring box; the waste gas from the upstream device is divided into two paths and connected to the upper waste gas ring box and the lower waste gas ring box respectively. The upper waste gas ring box is connected to the upper ring box in the combustion chamber through the waste gas spray gun A, and enters the furnace through the waste gas nozzle in the waste gas spray gun A. First, the first circle of waste gas nozzles A is put into use. When the pressure in the combustion chamber is higher than 15 KPa than that in the furnace, the second circle of waste gas nozzles A is put into use. The jacket air pipe in the waste gas spray gun A is connected to the upper oxidation air duct. The upper oxidation air duct is connected to the oxidation blower through the air preheater. The air provided by the oxidation blower is continuously introduced into the incinerator since the device operates. The lower ring box is provided with a waste gas spray gun B and a fuel gas spray gun. The fuel gas spray gun and the waste gas spray gun B are arranged in two circles in the lower ring box. The first circle at the cone top includes 8 waste gas spray guns B and 2 fuel gas spray guns. There is 1 fuel gas spray gun after every 4 waste gas spray guns B, and the second circle is 8 waste gas spray guns B. The waste gas spray gun B includes a waste gas pipeline nozzle and an oxidation air pipe. The fuel gas spray gun includes a fuel gas burner nozzle and an air pipe. There is a lower oxidation air duct at the outlet of the air preheater, which is connected to the oxidation air pipe in the waste gas spray gun B and the air pipe in the fuel gas spray gun. The lower waste gas ring box is connected to the waste gas nozzle in the waste gas spray gun B. The fuel gas burner nozzle in the fuel gas spray gun is connected to the fuel burner natural gas pipeline. The fuel burner natural gas pipeline is connected to the natural gas pipeline. An air deflector is arranged in the air pipe; the burner includes an inner circle and an outer circle of the burner. The outer circle of the burner is provided with a pilot light burner nozzle. The inner circle of the burner is from the inside to the outside, including an inner layer, an air deflector layer, and an outer layer. The inner layer and the outer layer are provided with pilot light burner nozzles, which are connected to the pilot light fuel gas pipeline through two pipelines. A pressure equalizing valve is arranged on each pipeline. The pilot light fuel gas pipeline is connected to the natural gas pipeline. The air deflector layer is divided by a combustion air deflector, and an ignition gun is arranged. The air deflector layer is connected to the combustion blower. The combustion blower is provided with a pipeline connected to the outer layer pilot light burner nozzle. The ignition gun is of a jacket structure, including a jacket air pipe and a gun barrel. The jacket air pipe is connected to the compressed air pipeline. A pressure reducing valve is arranged on the connecting pipeline. The gun barrel is connected to the natural gas pipeline through the ignition gun natural gas pipeline.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows:

[0016] (1) In the dual-purpose incinerator with reduced energy consumption of the present utility model, an air deflector is provided on each spray gun, introducing combustion air distribution, providing the oxygen required for combustion while cooling the burner, and extending the service life of the nozzle.

[0017] (2) In the dual-purpose incinerator with reduced energy consumption of the present utility model, the waste gas inlet and the fuel gas inlet are designed as two conical ring boxes, the waste gas nozzles and the fuel gas nozzles are evenly distributed, and the fuel gas ratio is adjusted at any time according to the working conditions, reducing the airflow deflection in the furnace, enabling the waste gas to burn fully, improving the boiler efficiency, and adjusting the fuel gas consumption in real time, reducing the energy consumption of the equipment.

[0018] (3) In the dual-purpose incinerator with reduced energy consumption of the present utility model, 12 thermometers and 3 oxygen content detectors are provided inside the furnace, which can provide real-time monitoring data when switching between different working conditions, perform real-time regulation of the air distribution and the fuel gas consumption, and enable use under two working conditions. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the dual-purpose incinerator with reduced energy consumption in the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the burner of the dual-purpose incinerator with reduced energy consumption in the present utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the waste gas spray gun nozzle of the dual-purpose incinerator with reduced energy consumption in the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fuel gas spray gun nozzle of the dual-purpose incinerator with reduced energy consumption in the present utility model.

[0023] In the figure: 1. Incinerator body; 2. Combustion blower; 3. Burner; 4. Natural gas pipeline; 5. Combustion chamber; 6. Furnace; 7. Waste gas spray gun A; 8. Waste gas pipeline; 9. Ignition gun natural gas pipeline; 10. Pilot light fuel gas pipeline; 11. Fuel nozzle natural gas pipeline; 12. Lower annular box; 13. Fuel gas spray gun; 14. Lower waste gas annular box; 15. Compressed air pipeline; 16. Lower oxidation air duct; 17. Oxygen content detector; 18. Oxidation blower; 19. Air preheater; 20. Upper oxidation air duct; 21. Pressure reducing valve; 22. Upper waste gas annular box; 23. Thermometer; 24. Upper annular box; 25. Equalizing valve; 26. Waste gas spray gun B; 27. Waste gas nozzle; 28. Oxidation air duct; 301. Inner circle of burner; 302. Outer circle of burner; 303. Inner layer; 304. Air guide layer; 305. Outer layer; 306. Pilot light nozzle; 307. Combustion air guide plate; 308. Ignition gun; 309. Jacketed air duct; 310. Gun barrel; 1301. Fuel gas nozzle; 1302. Air guide plate; 1303. Air duct. Specific embodiments

[0024] The present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0025] As Figures 1-4 shown, the dual-purpose incinerator for reducing energy consumption includes an incinerator body 1. The incinerator body 1 includes a combustion chamber 5 and a furnace 6. One end of the combustion chamber 5 is provided with a horizontally placed burner 3. The burner 3 is connected to a combustion blower 2 and the burner 3 is connected to a natural gas pipeline 4. The top of the combustion chamber 5 is provided with an upper annular box 24, and the bottom is provided with a lower annular box 12. Both the upper annular box 24 and the lower annular box 12 are conical structures. A thermometer 23 and an oxygen content detector 17 are arranged in the furnace 6.

[0026] The burner 3 includes an inner circle 301 of the burner and an outer circle 302 of the burner. From the inside to the outside, the inner circle 301 of the burner is respectively an inner layer 303, an air guide layer 304 and an outer layer 305. Pilot light nozzles 306 are arranged on both the inner layer 303 and the outer layer 305. The pilot light nozzles 306 are connected to the pilot light fuel gas pipeline 10 in two paths. The pilot light fuel gas pipeline 10 is connected to the natural gas pipeline 4. The air guide layer 304 is divided by a combustion air guide plate 307 and is provided with an ignition gun 308. The air guide layer 304 is connected to the combustion blower 2. The outer circle 302 of the burner is provided with a pilot light nozzle 306. The combustion blower 2 is provided with a pipeline connected to the pilot light nozzle 306 in the outer circle 302 of the burner.

[0027] Equalizing valves 25 are arranged on both pipelines where the pilot light nozzle 306 is connected to the pilot light fuel gas pipeline 10.

[0028] The ignition gun 308 described above has a jacket structure, including a jacket air duct 309 and a gun barrel 310. The jacket air duct 309 is connected to the compressed air pipeline 15, and a pressure reducing valve 21 is arranged on the connecting pipeline. The gun barrel 310 is connected to the natural gas pipeline 4 through the ignition gun natural gas pipeline 9.

[0029] An exhaust gas spray gun A7 is arranged in the upper loop box 24. The exhaust gas spray gun A7 includes an exhaust gas nozzle 27 and an oxidation air duct 28. The exhaust gas nozzle 27 is connected to the exhaust gas pipeline 8 through the upper exhaust gas loop box 22, and the oxidation air duct 28 is connected to the air preheater 19 through the upper oxidation air duct 20. The air preheater 19 is connected to the oxidation blower 18.

[0030] The exhaust gas spray gun A7 is arranged in two circles on the upper loop box 24, with 8 in each circle.

[0031] A fuel gas spray gun 13 and an exhaust gas spray gun B26 are arranged in the lower loop box 12. The fuel gas spray gun 13 includes a fuel gas burner 1301 and an air duct 1303. The fuel gas burner 1301 is connected to the fuel burner natural gas pipeline 11, and the fuel burner natural gas pipeline 11 is connected to the natural gas pipeline 4. An air deflector 1302 is arranged in the air duct 1303, and the air duct 1303 is connected to the lower oxidation air duct 16.

[0032] The exhaust gas spray gun A7 and the exhaust gas spray gun B26 have the same structure. The exhaust gas nozzle 27 of the exhaust gas spray gun B26 in the lower loop box 12 is connected to the exhaust gas pipeline 8 through the lower exhaust gas loop box 14, and the oxidation air duct 28 of the exhaust gas spray gun B26 is connected to the air preheater 19 through the lower oxidation air duct 16.

[0033] The fuel gas spray gun 13 and the exhaust gas spray gun B26 are arranged in two circles on the lower loop box 12. The first circle at the cone top includes 8 exhaust gas spray guns B26 and 2 fuel gas spray guns 13. There is 1 fuel gas spray gun 13 after every 4 exhaust gas spray guns B26, and the second circle is 8 exhaust gas spray guns B26.

[0034] Specifically, for the dual-purpose incinerator for reducing energy consumption, when the incinerator is ignited, it can only be ignited after the gas detection is qualified. First, turn on the combustion blower 2 and the oxidation blower 18 to purge the furnace chamber 6, then press the remote electric ignition button, open the valve at the natural gas pipeline 9 of the ignition gun. After the flame detection signal is stable, open the valve of the pilot burner fuel gas pipeline 10, and successively open the pipelines leading to the pilot burner nozzles 306 of the inner layer 303 and the outer layer 305. Appropriately adjust the switch of the pressure equalizing valve 25, and timely adjust the combustion blower 2 to supply a suitable air volume. After reaching the rated fuel gas volume of the pilot burner fuel gas pipeline 10, the natural gas pipeline 11 of the fuel burner needs to be opened again. During the furnace ignition process, attention should be paid to the heating rate, and the air volume of the oxidation blower 18 should be adjusted in a timely manner. After reaching the load required by the device, adjust the air volume according to the thermometer 23 in the furnace chamber 6 (the data of the oxygen content detector 17 can be referred to when adjusting the air volume) to maintain the stability of the device. When the incinerator needs to switch to the waste gas working condition, it is necessary to timely adjust the air volume of the natural gas pipeline 11 of the fuel burner and the oxidation blower 18 (the components of waste gas and natural gas are different). When switching to the waste gas working condition, the working conditions at the lower ring box 12 and the upper ring box 24 are as follows: First, put into use the waste gas nozzles 27 in the first circle of waste gas spray guns A7 and waste gas spray guns B26. When the upstream pressure is 15 KPa higher than the pressure in the furnace chamber 6, then put into use the waste gas nozzles 27 in the second circle of waste gas spray guns A7 and waste gas spray guns B26. Open the waste gas pipeline 8, reduce the natural gas flow rate of the natural gas pipeline 11 of the fuel burner while increasing the air volume of the oxidation blower 18, adjust the air distribution according to the required oxidation air volume in the waste gas working condition. After the working condition switching is stable, maintain the normal production of the device, and timely adjust the oxidation air volume. When the gas volume in the upstream waste gas pipeline 8 changes, adjust the waste gas nozzles 27 in the lower ring box 12 or the upper ring box 24 according to its pressure.

Claims

1. A dual-purpose incinerator for reducing energy consumption, characterized in that: It includes an incinerator body (1), and the incinerator body (1) includes a combustion chamber (5) and a furnace (6). At one end of the combustion chamber (5), a horizontally placed burner (3) is provided. The burner (3) is connected to a combustion air blower (2), and the burner (3) is connected to a natural gas pipeline (4). At the top of the combustion chamber (5), an upper ring box (24) is provided, and at the bottom, a lower ring box (12) is provided. Both the upper ring box (24) and the lower ring box (12) are conical structures. A thermometer (23) and an oxygen content detector (17) are provided in the furnace (6).

2. The dual-purpose incinerator for reducing energy consumption according to claim 1, wherein The burner (3) includes an inner burner ring (301) and an outer burner ring (302). From the inside out, the inner burner ring (301) is respectively an inner layer (303), an air guiding layer (304), and an outer layer (305). Long pilot burner nozzles (306) are provided on both the inner layer (303) and the outer layer (305). The long pilot burner nozzles (306) are connected to a long pilot burner fuel gas pipeline (10) in two paths. The long pilot burner fuel gas pipeline (10) is connected to the natural gas pipeline (4). The air guiding layer (304) is divided by a combustion air guiding plate (307), and an ignition gun (308) is provided. The air guiding layer (304) is connected to the combustion air blower (2). The outer burner ring (302) is provided with long pilot burner nozzles (306), and the combustion air blower (2) is provided with a pipeline connected to the long pilot burner nozzles (306) in the outer burner ring (302).

3. The dual-purpose incinerator for reducing energy consumption according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ignition gun (308) is of a jacket structure, including a jacket air duct (309) and a gun barrel (310). The jacket air duct (309) is connected to a compressed air pipeline (15), and a pressure reducing valve (21) is provided on the connecting pipeline. The gun barrel (310) is connected to the natural gas pipeline (4) through an ignition gun natural gas pipeline (9).

4. The dual-purpose incinerator for reducing energy consumption according to claim 2, wherein, Equalizing valves (25) are provided on both pipelines where the long pilot burner nozzles (306) are connected to the long pilot burner fuel gas pipeline (10).

5. The dual-purpose incinerator for reducing energy consumption according to claim 1, wherein An exhaust gas spray gun A (7) is provided in the upper ring box (24). The exhaust gas spray gun A (7) is connected to an exhaust gas pipeline (8) through an upper exhaust gas ring box (22). The exhaust gas spray gun A (7) is also connected to an air preheater (19) through an upper oxidation air duct (20). The air preheater (19) is connected to an oxidation air blower (18).

6. The dual-purpose incinerator for reducing energy consumption according to claim 5, characterized in that, The exhaust gas spray gun A (7) is arranged in 2 circles on the upper ring box (24), with 8 in each circle.

7. The dual-purpose incinerator for reducing energy consumption according to claim 1, wherein, A fuel gas spray gun (13) and an exhaust gas spray gun B (26) are provided in the lower ring box (12). The fuel gas spray gun (13) includes a fuel gas nozzle (1301) and an air duct (1303). The fuel gas nozzle (1301) is connected to a fuel nozzle natural gas pipeline (11). The fuel nozzle natural gas pipeline (11) is connected to the natural gas pipeline (4). Air guiding plates (1302) are provided in the air duct (1303). The air duct (1303) is connected to a lower oxidation air duct (16). The lower oxidation air duct (16) is connected to the air preheater (19).

8. The dual-purpose incinerator for reducing energy consumption according to claim 7, characterized in that, The waste gas spray gun B (26) is connected to the waste gas pipeline (8) through the lower waste gas ring box (14), and the waste gas spray gun B (26) is also connected to the lower oxidation air duct (16).

9. The dual-purpose incinerator for reducing energy consumption according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fuel gas spray gun (13) and the waste gas spray gun B (26) are arranged in two circles on the lower ring box (12). The first circle at the cone top includes 8 waste gas spray guns B (26) and 2 fuel gas spray guns (13), with 1 fuel gas spray gun (13) after every 4 waste gas spray guns B (26). The second circle includes 8 waste gas spray guns B (26).

10. The dual-purpose incinerator for reducing energy consumption according to claim 7, wherein The waste gas spray gun B (26) and the waste gas spray gun A (7) have the same structure, both including a waste gas nozzle (27) and an oxidation air duct (28).

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