Teaching model for upper and lower cavity injection of temporomandibular joint

Abstract

The utility model discloses a teaching model for temporal-mandibular joint upper and lower cavity injection, which relates to the field of medical teaching molds and comprises a head component, the head component comprises a temporal-mandibular joint part and a structural area positioned on the periphery of the temporal-mandibular joint part, the joint upper cavity and the joint lower cavity are formed in the temporomandibular joint part, and joint cavity liquid is arranged in the joint upper cavity and the joint lower cavity; and the prompting assembly comprises a warning loop arranged in the head assembly, and the warning loop is used for forming different loops and sending out different warning information according to different injection areas of injection tools when the injection tools inject the structural area, the joint upper cavity and the joint lower cavity respectively. The head assembly imitating the normal human physiological structure is arranged, and the warning unit is arranged in the head assembly, so that different warning information can be triggered according to the part punctured by the injection tool, the accuracy of operation practice is prompted for students, and the teaching efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of medical teaching models, and particularly relates to a teaching model for injecting into the upper and lower cavities of the temporomandibular joint. Background Art

[0002] Temporomandibular joint diseases are relatively common in oral clinical diagnosis and treatment. The temporomandibular joint is divided into the upper joint cavity and the lower joint cavity. Due to the complex anatomy of the temporomandibular joint and the small gap between the upper and lower joint cavities, clinicians need to master the method of injecting into the joint cavity proficiently. In the clinical teaching of injecting into the temporomandibular joint cavity, mainly through methods such as teachers' lectures and demonstrations, students lack the practical operation of the head model for joint cavity injection, and cannot judge the accuracy of students' operations and whether adjacent tissues are injured, etc., which also leads to students lacking practical experience and resulting in low teaching quality. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] This application provides a teaching model for injecting into the upper and lower cavities of the temporomandibular joint, which can solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, such as the complex anatomy of the temporomandibular joint, the small gap between the upper and lower joint cavities, and the low teaching efficiency due to students lacking practical experience only relying on teachers' lectures and demonstrations.

[0004] An embodiment of this application provides a teaching model for injecting into the upper and lower cavities of the temporomandibular joint, including:

[0005] A head component, the head component includes a temporomandibular joint part, a structural area located outside the temporomandibular joint part, and an upper joint cavity and a lower joint cavity formed in the temporomandibular joint part. Joint cavity liquid is provided in both the upper joint cavity and the lower joint cavity. The structural area includes a condylar process area and a maxillary tuberosity area made of hard materials, as well as an articular disc area and a bilaminar zone made of soft materials;

[0006] A prompt component, the prompt component includes a warning circuit arranged in the head component, which is used to form different circuits and emit different warning messages according to different injection areas of the injection tool when the injection tool injects into the structural area, the upper joint cavity and the lower joint cavity respectively.

[0007] In one embodiment, the warning circuit includes a force-sensitive resistor arranged in the structural area and a micro-alarm electrically connected to the force-sensitive resistor.

[0008] In one embodiment, the joint cavity liquid includes a first color liquid in the upper joint cavity and a second color liquid in the lower joint cavity, and the color of the second color liquid is different from that of the first color liquid.

[0009] In one embodiment, the joint cavity fluid includes a first conductive fluid located in the upper joint cavity and a second conductive fluid located in the lower joint cavity and having a different resistance from the first conductive fluid.

[0010] In one embodiment, the warning circuit includes a micro power supply disposed in the upper joint cavity and the lower joint cavity, and a supporting syringe electrically connected to the upper joint cavity and the lower joint cavity respectively.

[0011] In one embodiment, an indicator light is provided at the tail end of the supporting syringe.

[0012] In one embodiment, the temporomandibular joint part further includes an upper dental arch provided with a first threaded hole and a lower dental arch provided with a second threaded hole.

[0013] In one embodiment, the head assembly further includes an opening pliers, and a first opening bolt matching the first threaded hole and a second opening bolt matching the second threaded hole are provided at the front end of the opening pliers.

[0014] In one embodiment, a fixed base is provided at the bottom of the head assembly.

[0015] The beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application include:

[0016] The teaching model for upper and lower cavity injection of the temporomandibular joint in the present application forms corresponding human structures by setting a head assembly imitating the normal human physiological structure, and a warning unit is arranged in the head assembly, which can trigger different warning information according to the puncture site of the injection tool, and can prompt the accuracy of the student's operation practice in real time, thereby improving the teaching efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for description in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0018] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a teaching model for upper and lower cavity injection of the temporomandibular joint provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of the temporomandibular joint part of a teaching model for upper and lower cavity injection of the temporomandibular joint provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3Schematic diagram of the warning circuit and the matching syringe structure in a teaching model for injecting the upper and lower cavities of the temporomandibular joint provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the upper dental arch and the lower dental arch structures in a teaching model for injecting the upper and lower cavities of the temporomandibular joint provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the opening forceps structure in a teaching model for injecting the upper and lower cavities of the temporomandibular joint provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] In the figure: 1. Temporomandibular joint part; 2. Superior joint cavity; 3. Inferior joint cavity; 4. Fixed base; 5. Micro power supply; 6. Matching syringe; 7. Indicator light; 8. Upper dental arch; 9. First threaded hole; 10. Lower dental arch; 11. Second threaded hole; 12. Opening forceps; 13. First opening bolt; 14. Second opening bolt. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0025] The embodiment of the present application provides a teaching model for injecting the upper and lower cavities of the temporomandibular joint, which can solve the technical problems in the prior art that the temporomandibular joint has a complex anatomy, the gap between the upper and lower joint cavities is small, and only by means of teacher lectures and demonstrations, students lack practical experience, resulting in low teaching efficiency.

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a teaching model for injecting the upper and lower cavities of the temporomandibular joint provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the temporomandibular joint part 1 structure of a teaching model for injecting the upper and lower cavities of the temporomandibular joint provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown, the teaching model for injecting the upper and lower cavities of the temporomandibular joint in the present application includes a head component and a prompt component. The head component imitates the normal human physiological structure, forming a temporomandibular joint part, a structural area located on the periphery of the temporomandibular joint part 1, and a superior joint cavity 2 and an inferior joint cavity 3 formed within the temporomandibular joint part 1. The superior joint cavity 2 and the inferior joint cavity 3 are both provided with joint cavity fluids to simulate human joint synovial fluid.

[0027] The prompt component includes a warning circuit disposed within the head component for, when the injection device is respectively injected into the structural area, the superior joint cavity 2, and the inferior joint cavity 3, forming different circuits and emitting different warning messages according to the different injection areas of the injection device.

[0028] Among them, the above-mentioned structural area is also arranged by imitating the normal human physiological structure, which includes a condyle made of a hard material, a maxillary tuberosity, and parts such as an articular disc and a bilaminar zone made of a soft material. When performing the injection practice of the superior and inferior joint cavities of the temporomandibular joint, a conventional injection device is used to puncture into the head component. According to the different punctured parts, the warning messages emitted by the warning circuit are also different, which can prompt the operation accuracy in real time. Based on the material and properties of the joint cavity fluid, the warning circuit in this application includes two triggering mechanisms and implementation methods.

[0029] As the first implementation method of this application, in this implementation method, the joint cavity fluids in the superior joint cavity 2 and the inferior joint cavity 3 are non-conductive fluids with different colors. Specifically, the joint cavity fluid includes a first color fluid located in the superior joint cavity 2 and a second color fluid located in the inferior joint cavity 3 and having a different color from the first color fluid.

[0030] When performing the injection practice of the superior joint cavity 2, take a conventional disposable injection device, draw a small amount of injection fluid into the injection device, and then use the conventional injection technique for the superior joint cavity 2 to insert the needle tip in front of the tragus, direct the needle tip obliquely forward, upward, and inward to touch the posterior slope of the maxillary tuberosity, and then withdraw the needle slightly. If the first color fluid is seen when aspirating, it indicates that the superior joint cavity 2 has been accurately punctured, and subsequent simulated injection and lavage operations can be carried out. The injection practice of the inferior joint cavity 3 is the same as that of the superior joint cavity 2. Take a conventional disposable injection device, draw a small amount of injection fluid into the injection device, and then use the conventional injection technique for the inferior joint cavity 3 to inject the needle tip into the inferior joint cavity 3. If the second color fluid is seen when aspirating, it indicates that the inferior joint cavity 3 has been accurately punctured, and subsequent simulated injection and lavage operations can be carried out.

[0031] It should be noted here that in addition to the parts mentioned in this application, the head component also includes tissues such as the maxilla, mandible, zygomatic bone, temporal bone, masticatory muscle, mucosa, skin, and ear. The above tissues have no direct connection with the technical solution in this application and will not be elaborated one by one here.

[0032] Further, the warning circuit includes a force-sensitive resistor disposed in the structural area and a micro-alarm electrically connected to the force-sensitive resistor. In this application, the structural area includes the condyle made of hard material, the maxillary tuberosity, the articular disc made of soft material, and the bilaminar zone. The force-sensitive resistors are respectively disposed at the bilaminar zone of the articular disc, the surface of the condylar head, the medial pterygoid muscle and other parts of the joint cavity injection operation that are easily misinjured. As an optional embodiment, the soft material is preferably made of polyisoprene material, which can achieve the purpose of no liquid leakage after multiple needle punctures. In the non-force state, the resistance value of the force-sensitive resistor is too large, and the current in the warning circuit is lower than the rated current of the corresponding series-connected micro-alarm. When the injection tool accidentally punctures the structural area, the resistance value of the force-sensitive resistor drops suddenly under the external force of the needle puncture, and the current in the circuit is higher than the rated current of the corresponding series-connected micro-alarm, causing the micro-alarm to alarm, indicating that the puncture site is incorrect, so as to judge the accuracy of the joint cavity injection operation and whether iatrogenic injury occurs, etc. The series circuit of the force-sensitive resistor is a common means in the prior art, and will not be elaborated here.

[0033] In the first implementation manner, joint cavity fluids of different colors are provided in the upper joint cavity 2 and the lower joint cavity 3. If, after puncture, the micro-alarm does not sound and joint cavity fluid is aspirated, it indicates that the puncture site is correct. On the contrary, if the micro-alarm is triggered after puncture, it means that the puncture position is deviated and re-puncture is required.

[0034] As the second implementation manner of this application, Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the warning circuit and the supporting syringe 6 in a teaching model for injecting the upper and lower cavities of the temporomandibular joint provided by the embodiment of this application. As Figure 3 shown, in this implementation manner, the joint cavity fluids in the upper joint cavity 2 and the lower joint cavity 3 are conductive fluids with different resistances. Specifically, the joint cavity fluid includes a first conductive fluid in the upper joint cavity 2 and a second conductive fluid in the lower joint cavity 3 with a different resistance from the first conductive fluid. The warning circuit includes a micro-power supply 5 disposed in the upper joint cavity 2 and the lower joint cavity 3 and a supporting syringe 6 electrically connected to the micro-power supply 5. An indicator light 7 is provided at the tail end of the supporting syringe 6.

[0035] The supporting syringe 6 is specially treated, with an internal circuit and a connected indicator light 7. The supporting syringe 6 extends two connecting wires which are respectively connected to the conductive liquids in the lower joint cavity 3 and the upper joint cavity 2. For the convenience of description, the connecting wires on the supporting syringe 6 are hereinafter referred to as the upper cavity wire and the lower cavity wire. The micro power supply 5 continuously supplies power. Due to the different resistance values of the first conductive liquid and the second conductive liquid, when the supporting syringe 6 is inserted into different joint cavities, the brightness of the indicator light 7 is different to distinguish the specific joint cavity where it is inserted. Specifically, when the supporting syringe 6 is inserted into the upper joint cavity 2, a loop of "micro power supply 5 - first conductive liquid - supporting syringe 6 - indicator light 7 - upper cavity wire - micro power supply 5" can be formed. Similarly, when the supporting syringe 6 is inserted into the lower joint cavity 3, a loop of "micro power supply 5 - second conductive liquid - supporting syringe 6 - indicator light 7 - lower cavity wire - micro power supply 5" can be formed. When the insertion position of the supporting syringe 6 deviates, the loop is not formed and the indicator light 7 does not light up.

[0036] In the second embodiment, by providing a supporting syringe 6 and an indicator light 7 that are electrically connected to the upper joint cavity 2 and the lower joint cavity 3, a circuit is triggered and formed only when the insertion position is accurate, and the indicator light 7 lights up, which can indicate the insertion accuracy in real time. This not only helps to improve the clinical practice teaching effect of temporomandibular joint cavity injection, but also helps teachers to determine the accuracy of students' upper and lower joint cavity injection operations, thus improving the teaching efficiency.

[0037] Furthermore, Figure 4 The structure schematic diagram of the upper dental arch 8 and the lower dental arch 10 in a teaching model for temporomandibular joint upper and lower cavity injection provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 The structure schematic diagram of the opening pliers 12 in a teaching model for temporomandibular joint upper and lower cavity injection provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 4 、 Figure 5 shown, the temporomandibular joint part 1 further includes an upper dental arch 8 provided with a first threaded hole 9 and a lower dental arch 10 provided with a second threaded hole 11. The head assembly further includes opening pliers 12. The front end of the opening pliers 12 is provided with a first opening bolt 13 matching the first threaded hole 9 and a second opening bolt 14 matching the second threaded hole 11. The head assembly imitates the normal human physiological structure, so it further includes an oral cavity part. An upper dental arch 8 and a lower dental arch 10 are formed in the oral cavity part, and the upper dental arch 8 and the lower dental arch 10 can simulate the opening and closing actions of the human body to facilitate the practice of temporomandibular joint upper and lower cavity injection.

[0038] The opening pliers 12 include a handle area and an opening area. The "front end" here refers to the opening area. When opening, the first opening bolt 13 and the second opening bolt 14 are respectively placed into the first threaded hole 9 and the second threaded hole 11 that match them, and then the handle area is opened to separate the upper dental arch 8 and the lower dental arch 10. The opening pliers 12 are a commonly used existing tool and will not be elaborated here.

[0039] Further, a fixed base 4 is provided at the bottom of the head component and fixedly connected to the fixed base 4 to form an integral body. The fixed base 4 is mainly used to increase the contact area between the bottom of the head component and the surface of the bearing base, and maintain the overall stability of the head component.

[0040] When using the teaching model for the superior and inferior joint spaces injection of the temporomandibular joint in this application, first use the opening forceps 12 to separate the upper dental arch 8 and the lower dental arch 10, and then use an ordinary injection tool or the supporting syringe 6 with the conventional injection technique to inject the needle tip into the predetermined area. Subsequently, judge whether the puncture is in place according to the different prompt messages sent by the warning circuit.

[0041] The overall structure of the teaching model for the superior and inferior joint spaces injection of the temporomandibular joint in this application is simple. By setting a warning circuit with a variety of prompt methods, it can display the accuracy of the puncture site in real time, help students quickly and accurately find the puncture position, improve the puncture accuracy, and also help improve the teaching efficiency.

[0042] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper" and "lower" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to this application. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific situations.

[0043] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0044] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A teaching model for injecting into the upper and lower cavities of the temporomandibular joint, characterized in that, Comprising: A head component, the head component including a temporomandibular joint part (1), a structural area located on the outer periphery of the temporomandibular joint part (1), and a superior joint cavity (2) and an inferior joint cavity (3) formed within the temporomandibular joint part (1). Joint cavity fluid is provided in both the superior joint cavity (2) and the inferior joint cavity (3). The structural area includes a condylar process area, a maxillary tuberosity area made of a hard material, an articular disc area and a bilaminar zone made of a soft material; A prompt component, the prompt component including a warning circuit provided within the head component for forming different circuits and emitting different warning messages according to different injection areas of an injection tool when the injection tool injects into the structural area, the superior joint cavity (2), and the inferior joint cavity (3) respectively.

2. The teaching model for injecting into the upper and lower cavities of the temporomandibular joint according to claim 1, characterized in that, The warning circuit includes a force-sensitive resistor provided within the structural area and a micro-alarm electrically connected to the force-sensitive resistor.

3. A teaching model for the upper and lower joint spaces injection of the temporomandibular joint according to claim 2, wherein, The joint cavity fluid includes a first color liquid located within the superior joint cavity (2) and a second color liquid located within the inferior joint cavity (3) and having a different color from the first color liquid.

4. The teaching model for injecting the upper and lower cavities of the temporomandibular joint according to claim 1, characterized in that, The joint cavity fluid includes a first conductive liquid located within the superior joint cavity (2) and a second conductive liquid located within the inferior joint cavity (3) and having a different resistance from the first conductive liquid.

5. The teaching model for injecting the upper and lower cavities of the temporomandibular joint according to claim 4, wherein, The warning circuit includes a micro-power supply (5) provided within the superior joint cavity (2) and the inferior joint cavity (3) and a supporting syringe (6) electrically connected to the superior joint cavity (2) and the inferior joint cavity (3) respectively.

6. The teaching model for upper and lower cavity injection of the temporomandibular joint according to claim 5, characterized in that, An indicator light (7) is provided at the tail end of the supporting syringe (6).

7. A teaching model for injecting the upper and lower cavities of the temporomandibular joint according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temporomandibular joint part (1) further includes an upper dental arch (8) provided with a first threaded hole (9) and a lower dental arch (10) provided with a second threaded hole (11).

8. A teaching model for injecting into the upper and lower cavities of the temporomandibular joint according to claim 7, characterized in that, The head component further includes an opening pliers (12), and a first opening bolt (13) matching the first threaded hole (9) and a second opening bolt (14) matching the second threaded hole (11) are provided at the front end of the opening pliers (12).

9. The teaching model for injecting into the upper and lower cavities of the temporomandibular joint according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fixed base (4) is provided at the bottom of the head component.

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