Positioning jig

Abstract

The utility model provides a positioning jig, and relates to the technical field of tool fixtures, a positioning column is arranged on a jig bottom frame, and the top surface of the positioning column is a plane and is used for placing a part to be positioned. Four strip-shaped clamping blocks are arranged on the periphery of the positioning column, the top ends of the strip-shaped clamping blocks extend towards the positioning column to form first bosses, and the first bosses are used for laterally positioning parts placed on the top face. The strip-shaped clamping blocks are hinged to the jig bottom frame, an opening and closing mechanism is installed on the jig bottom frame, and the opening and closing mechanism is used for driving the strip-shaped clamping blocks to rotate around hinge shafts, so that the first bosses of the strip-shaped clamping blocks abut against the side face of the part. A part is placed on the top face of the positioning column, then the strip-shaped clamping blocks arranged on the periphery of the positioning column are driven by the opening and closing mechanism to clamp the part from the periphery to the middle, the first bosses of the strip-shaped clamping blocks make contact with the side face of the part and abut against the side face of the part, and positioning of the part is completed. The device is high in universality, simple in structure and low in cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tooling fixtures, and in particular to a positioning jig. Background Art

[0002] In machining, it is often necessary to position some irregular parts, and special jigs are generally required for such parts. However, the existing special jigs generally have problems of low versatility, complex structure and high cost. Content of the Utility Model

[0003] To solve the problems in the background art, the utility model aims to provide a positioning jig with high versatility, simple structure and low cost.

[0004] The utility model realizes the above object through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A positioning jig includes a jig chassis. A positioning post is arranged on the jig chassis, and the top surface of the positioning post is a plane for placing the part to be positioned.

[0006] Four strip-shaped clamping blocks are arranged around the positioning post. A first boss extends from the top end of the strip-shaped clamping block towards the positioning post, and the first boss is used for laterally positioning the part placed on the top surface.

[0007] The strip-shaped clamping blocks are all hinged to the jig chassis, and an opening and closing mechanism is installed on the jig chassis. The opening and closing mechanism is used to drive the strip-shaped clamping blocks to rotate around the hinge axis, so that the first bosses of the strip-shaped clamping blocks abut against the side surface of the part.

[0008] Further, the opening and closing mechanism includes a stepped push rod, a calibration cylinder, a positioning ball and a spring.

[0009] A push rod installation hole for installing the stepped push rod is opened along the axis of the positioning post, and a ball installation hole penetrating the push rod installation hole is opened perpendicular to the axis of the positioning post. The positioning ball is installed in the ball installation hole.

[0010] The stepped push rod includes a first positioning shaft section and a second positioning shaft section; the moving end of the calibration cylinder is connected to the stepped push rod for driving the stepped push rod to move in the push rod installation hole, so that the first positioning shaft section and the second positioning shaft section are sequentially in contact with the positioning balls in the ball installation hole.

[0011] A second boss extends from the middle of the strip-shaped clamping block towards the ball installation hole, and the spring applies an elastic force to the strip-shaped clamping block to press the second boss against the positioning ball.

[0012] Further, the diameter of the first positioning shaft section is smaller than that of the second positioning shaft section; when the first positioning shaft section contacts the positioning ball, the first boss clamps the part; when the second positioning shaft section contacts the positioning ball, the first boss releases the part.

[0013] Further, the spring is a thrust spring, which is arranged between the positioning column and the strip-shaped clamping block, and its installation height is lower than that of the hinge shaft; the opening height of the ball mounting hole is higher than that of the hinge shaft.

[0014] Further, the first positioning shaft section and the second positioning shaft section are connected by a conical surface.

[0015] Further, the half apex angle of the conical surface is less than or equal to 45 degrees.

[0016] Further, the positioning column is a cuboid, and the four strip-shaped clamping blocks are respectively opposite to the four side surfaces of the positioning column.

[0017] Further, the fixture base frame includes a bottom plate and four columns. A hole for accommodating the calibration cylinder is opened on the bottom plate, and the columns are fixed on the bottom plate and are respectively arranged at the four top corners of the positioning column for installing the strip-shaped clamping blocks.

[0018] Further, the positioning column and the columns are integrally formed.

[0019] Further, it further includes a rotary electric cylinder, which is arranged below the bottom plate and fixedly connected to the bottom plate.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present utility model are as follows: The present utility model can place the part to be positioned on the top surface of the positioning column, and then drive the strip-shaped clamping blocks arranged around the positioning column to clamp from the periphery to the middle through the opening and closing mechanism, so that the first convex platform of the strip-shaped clamping block contacts and abuts against the side surface of the part, thereby completing the positioning of the part. The present utility model has high versatility, simple structure and low cost. Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the stepped push rod in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the fixture base frame in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 is an installation schematic diagram of the rotary electric cylinder in an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0026] Among them, 1: fixture base frame; 2: positioning column; 3: part; 4: strip-shaped clamping block; 5: opening and closing mechanism; 6: hinge shaft; 7: rotating electric cylinder; 11: bottom plate; 12: column; 21: top surface; 22: push rod mounting hole; 23: ball mounting hole; 41: first boss; 42: second boss; 51: stepped push rod; 52: calibration cylinder; 53: positioning ball; 54: spring; 511: first positioning shaft section; 512: second positioning shaft section; 513: conical surface. Detailed implementation manners

[0027] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0028] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back,...) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly. The described connection can be a direct connection or an indirect connection.

[0030] In addition, in the present invention, descriptions such as "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions between various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope required by the present invention.

[0031] As Figure 1 shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides a positioning fixture, including a fixture base frame 1. A positioning column 2 is arranged on the fixture base frame 1. The top surface 21 of the positioning column 2 is a plane for placing the part 3 to be positioned.

[0032] Among them, the fixture base 1 is used to support the entire fixture structure and can be installed on the assembly line. The positioning post 2 is of a columnar structure and is preferably fixed at the middle position of the fixture base 1 to facilitate the installation of the strip-shaped clamping block 4. In this embodiment, the positive direction of the Z-axis is vertically upward, and the top surface 21 of the positioning post 2 is the XY plane. The top surface 21 of the positioning post 2 is the positioning surface. Placing the part 3 on the top surface 21 of the positioning post 2 can limit the movement of the part 3 in the Z-axis direction and limit the rotation of the part 3 around the X and Y axes. This embodiment can position any part 3 that can be stably placed on a plane. Preferably, this embodiment positions the flat part 3.

[0033] Four strip-shaped clamping blocks 4 are arranged around the positioning post 2. The top end of the strip-shaped clamping block 4 extends a first boss 41 towards the positioning post 2. The first boss 41 is used for laterally positioning the part 3 placed on the top surface 21.

[0034] Among them, the positions of the four strip-shaped clamping blocks 4 can be arranged according to the structure of the part 3, so that the strip-shaped clamping blocks 4 can clamp the sides of the part 3 that need to be positioned. Preferably, the strip-shaped clamping blocks 4 are arranged in pairs and can clamp the part 3 from both sides, thereby restricting the movement of the part 3 in the X and Y axis directions and the rotation around the Z axis, thus completing the positioning of the part 3. The size of the first boss 41 of the positioning post 2 can be designed according to parameters such as the structure of the part 3, so that the first boss 41 can contact the side of the part 3 and can further clamp the part 3 to position the side of the part 3. Preferably, when the strip-shaped clamping block 4 clamps the part 3, the upper edge of the first boss 41 is higher than the top end of the part 3, and the lower edge of the first boss 41 is lower than the top surface 21 of the positioning post 2, so as to achieve a better side positioning effect. The shape of the top surface 21 can be the same as the outer contour of the part 3. The surface of the first boss 41 facing the positioning post 2 is the positioning surface. When the positioning surface contacts the side of the positioning post 2, it can ensure accurate positioning of the part 3.

[0035] The strip-shaped clamping blocks 4 are all hinged on the fixture base 1. An opening and closing mechanism 5 is installed on the fixture base 1. The opening and closing mechanism 5 is used to drive the strip-shaped clamping blocks 4 to rotate around the hinge axis 6, so that the first boss 41 of the strip-shaped clamping blocks 4 abuts against the side of the part 3.

[0036] Among them, the strip-shaped clamping blocks 4 are all hinged on the fixture base 1, so that the strip-shaped clamping blocks 4 can rotate around the hinge axis 6, so that the first boss 41 of the strip-shaped clamping blocks 4 can approach or move away from the top surface 21 of the positioning post 2, realizing the clamping and release of the part 3. Among them, the hinge axis 6 can be realized by a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft passes through the strip-shaped clamping block 4, and both ends of the rotating shaft are fixed on the fixture base 1. The opening and closing mechanism 5 can be any mechanism that can drive the strip-shaped clamping block 4 to rotate around the hinge axis 6. Preferably, it is a cylinder or a spring 54 cam mechanism.

[0037] In this embodiment, the part 3 to be positioned can be placed on the top surface 21 of the positioning post 2, and then the strip-shaped clamping blocks 4 arranged around the positioning post 2 are driven by the opening and closing mechanism 5 to clamp from the periphery to the middle, so that the lateral positioning surface 42 of the strip-shaped clamping block 4 contacts and abuts against the side surface of the part 3, completing the positioning of the part 3. This embodiment has high versatility, simple structure and low cost.

[0038] In this embodiment, the positioning post 2 is a cuboid, and the four strip-shaped clamping blocks 4 are respectively opposite to the four side surfaces of the positioning post 2.

[0039] Among them, the positioning post 2 is a cuboid, and this structure is more conducive to arranging the strip-shaped clamping blocks 4, so that one strip-shaped clamping block 4 is arranged on each side surface of the positioning post 2. The rotation axis of the strip-shaped clamping block 4 is parallel to this side surface and perpendicular to the vertical direction. And the top surface 21 of the positioning post 2 is rectangular, which can adapt to various parts 3 with a rectangular outer contour.

[0040] As Figure 2 shown, it is a sectional view of this embodiment. In this embodiment, the opening and closing mechanism 5 includes a stepped push rod 51, a calibration cylinder 52, a positioning ball 53 and a spring 54.

[0041] Among them, the opening and closing mechanism 5 in this embodiment is a deformation of a spring cam mechanism. The stepped push rod 51 and the positioning ball 53 are equivalent to cams, the calibration cylinder 52 is a driving mechanism, the strip-shaped clamping block 4 is a driven part, and is locked by the spring 54. As Figure 2 shown by the bidirectional arrow direction in, the opening and closing mechanism 5 in this embodiment can enable the four strip-shaped clamping blocks 4 to rotate around their respective hinge shafts 6 respectively, so that the first boss 41 of the strip-shaped clamping block 4 can clamp and release the part placed on the top surface 21 of the positioning post 2.

[0042] The positioning post 2 is provided with a push rod installation hole 22 for installing the stepped push rod 51 along the axis, and a ball installation hole 23 penetrating the push rod installation hole 22 is provided perpendicular to the axis of the positioning post 2. The positioning ball 53 is installed in the ball installation hole 23.

[0043] Among them, the push rod installation hole 22 is used to provide guidance for the stepped push rod 51 and can be in clearance fit with the stepped push rod 51. The ball installation hole 23 is used to provide guidance for the positioning ball 53 and can be in clearance fit with the positioning ball 53. The depth of the ball installation hole 23 is less than the diameter of the positioning ball 53, so that the positioning ball 53 can contact both the stepped push rod 51 and the strip-shaped clamping block 4 at the same time, completing the conversion and transmission of motion. Preferably, the axis of the ball installation hole 23 is perpendicular to the axis of the push rod installation hole 22.

[0044] As Figure 3As shown in the figure, it is a schematic structural diagram of a stepped push rod. The stepped push rod 51 includes a first positioning shaft section 511 and a second positioning shaft section 512. The moving end of the calibration cylinder 52 is connected to the stepped push rod 51 and is used to drive the stepped push rod 51 to move in the push rod mounting hole 22, so that the first positioning shaft section 511 and the second positioning shaft section 512 sequentially contact the positioning balls 53 in the ball mounting hole 23.

[0045] Among them, the calibration cylinder 52 can be electrically connected to the control unit to provide power for the opening and closing mechanism 5, so as to realize the clamping and release of the strip-shaped clamping block 4 on the part 3. The control unit is also electrically connected to the feeding device, so that the feeding device can cooperate with the positioning fixture provided in this embodiment. The control unit includes but is not limited to a programmable logic controller. The diameters of the two shaft sections of the stepped push rod 51 are different and can correspond to the two states of clamping and releasing of the strip-shaped clamping block 4. Preferably, the diameter of the first positioning shaft section 511 is smaller and corresponds to the clamping state of the strip-shaped clamping block 4, and is arranged at the upper end. The diameter of the second positioning shaft section 512 is larger and corresponds to the release state of the strip-shaped clamping block 4, and is arranged at the lower end. Driven by the calibration cylinder 52, the stepped push rod 51 can move up and down in the push rod mounting hole 22, so that the first positioning shaft section 511 and the second positioning shaft section 512 respectively contact the positioning balls 53, realizing the switching between the clamping state and the release state of the strip-shaped clamping block 4. And the positioning balls 53 and the stepped push rod 51 are in rolling fit, which can reduce wear and improve the service life.

[0046] A second boss 42 extends from the middle of the strip-shaped clamping block 4 towards the ball mounting hole 23. The spring 54 applies an elastic force to the strip-shaped clamping block 4 to press the second boss 42 against the positioning balls 53.

[0047] Among them, the spring 54 can be a thrust spring or a tension spring 54, and can be arranged between the strip-shaped clamping block 4 and the positioning column 2, or between the strip-shaped clamping block 4 and other fixed structures. The surface of the second boss 42 facing the ball mounting hole 23 is preferably a plane and contacts the positioning balls 53.

[0048] In this embodiment, the diameter of the first positioning shaft section 511 is smaller than that of the second positioning shaft section 512. When the first positioning shaft section 511 contacts the positioning balls 53, the first boss 41 clamps the part 3. When the second positioning shaft section 512 contacts the positioning balls 53, the first boss 41 releases the part 3.

[0049] Among them, this embodiment can position parts 3 of various sizes. When adapting to parts of different sizes, only one or more of the sizes of the first boss 41, the second boss 42, the diameters of the first positioning shaft section 511, the second positioning shaft section 512, or the diameter of the positioning balls 53 need to be adjusted.

[0050] In this embodiment, the spring 54 is a thrust spring, which is arranged between the positioning post 2 and the strip-shaped clamping block 4, and the installation height is lower than that of the hinge shaft 6; the opening height of the ball mounting hole 23 is higher than that of the hinge shaft 6.

[0051] Among them, the strip-shaped clamping block 4 is a lever structure. The thrust spring applies an elastic force to the strip-shaped clamping block 4 below the hinge shaft 6, enabling the upper end of the strip-shaped clamping block 4 to rotate towards the positioning post 2, thereby clamping the part 3 placed on the top surface 21 of the positioning post 2. The opening height of the ball mounting hole 23 is higher than that of the hinge shaft 6. The positioning ball 53 can push against the second boss 42, enabling the strip-shaped clamping block 4 to overcome the elastic force of the spring 54, and the upper end of the strip-shaped clamping block 4 can rotate away from the positioning post 2, thereby releasing the part 3 placed on the top surface 21 of the positioning post 2.

[0052] In this embodiment, the first positioning shaft section 511 and the second positioning shaft section 512 are connected by a conical surface 513.

[0053] Among them, as Figure 3 shown, the two shaft sections are transitioned through the conical surface 513, which can make the movement of the positioning ball 53 smoother and reduce the impact when the two shaft sections are switched.

[0054] In this embodiment, the half vertex angle of the conical surface 513 is less than or equal to 45 degrees. The smaller the half vertex angle of the conical surface 513, the smoother the transition between the two shaft sections, and the impact and wear between the ball and the stepped push rod 51 can be further reduced.

[0055] During use, when the first positioning shaft section 511 of the stepped push rod 51 contacts the positioning ball 53, the positioning ball 53 can contract into the ball mounting hole 23 as much as possible. The spring 54 pushes the strip-shaped clamping block 4 to rotate around the hinge shaft 6, enabling the second boss 42 to maintain contact with the positioning ball 53, thereby making the first boss 41 gather, and the first boss 41 gradually approaches the part 3, and finally can clamp the part 3. The calibration cylinder pushes the stepped push rod 51 to move upward along the push rod mounting hole 22, so that the first positioning shaft section 511 gradually disengages from the positioning ball 53, and the second positioning shaft section 512 contacts the positioning ball 53. When the second positioning shaft section 512 contacts the positioning ball 53, the positioning ball 53 can move out of the ball mounting hole 23 as much as possible, overcome the elastic force of the spring 54, and push the second boss 42 outward, enabling the strip-shaped clamping block 4 to rotate around the hinge shaft 6, thereby opening the first boss 41, and the first boss 41 gradually separates from the part 3, releasing the part 3 placed on the top surface 21 of the positioning post 2.

[0056] This embodiment can realize the clamping and releasing actions of the strip-shaped clamping blocks 4 in four different directions on the part 3 simultaneously through the linear motion of the calibration cylinder 52, complete the positioning, with accurate positioning and high versatility.

[0057] As Figure 4As shown, it is a schematic structural diagram of the fixture chassis. In this embodiment, the fixture chassis 1 includes a bottom plate 11 and four columns 12. A hole for accommodating the calibration cylinder 52 is provided on the bottom plate 11. The columns 12 are fixed on the bottom plate 11 and are respectively arranged at the four top corners of the positioning post 2 for installing the strip-shaped clamping blocks 4.

[0058] Among them, two adjacent columns 12 can support a strip-shaped clamping block 4, and the hinge connection of the strip-shaped clamping block 4 is completed through a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is preferably parallel to the top surface 21 and the corresponding side surface of the positioning post 2.

[0059] In this embodiment, the positioning post 2 and the columns 12 are integrally formed.

[0060] Among them, the four columns 12 and the positioning post 2 are integrally formed, which can not only improve the positioning accuracy but also reduce the installation difficulty.

[0061] As Figure 5 shown, it is a schematic installation diagram of the rotating electric cylinder. In this embodiment, it further includes a rotating electric cylinder 7. The rotating electric cylinder 7 is arranged below the bottom plate 11 and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 11.

[0062] Among them, the overall rotation of the part 3 can be realized through the rotating electric cylinder 7, and the direction of the irregular part 3 can be unified during the positioning of the part 3, which is convenient for the subsequent steps.

[0063] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, shall be equally included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning jig, characterized in that, It includes a fixture base frame (1), on which a positioning post (2) is provided. The top surface (21) of the positioning post (2) is a flat surface for placing the part (3) to be positioned. Four strip-shaped clamping blocks (4) are arranged around the positioning post (2). The top end of the strip-shaped clamping block (4) extends a first boss (41) towards the positioning post (2), and the first boss (41) is used for laterally positioning the part (3) placed on the top surface (21). The strip-shaped clamping blocks (4) are all hinged on the fixture base frame (1). An opening and closing mechanism (5) is installed on the fixture base frame (1), and the opening and closing mechanism (5) is used to drive the strip-shaped clamping blocks (4) to rotate around the hinge axis (6), so that the first bosses (41) of the strip-shaped clamping blocks (4) abut against the side surface of the part (3).

2. The positioning jig according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening and closing mechanism (5) includes a stepped push rod (51), a calibration cylinder (52), a positioning ball (53) and a spring (54). The positioning post (2) is axially provided with a push rod installation hole (22) for installing the stepped push rod (51); the positioning post (2) is vertically provided with a ball installation hole (23) penetrating through the push rod installation hole (22), and the positioning ball (53) is installed in the ball installation hole (23). The stepped push rod (51) includes a first positioning shaft section (511) and a second positioning shaft section (512); the moving end of the calibration cylinder (52) is connected to the stepped push rod (51) and is used to drive the stepped push rod (51) to move in the push rod installation hole (22), so that the first positioning shaft section (511) and the second positioning shaft section (512) sequentially contact the positioning ball (53) in the ball installation hole (23). The middle part of the strip-shaped clamping block (4) extends a second boss (42) towards the ball installation hole (23), and the spring (54) applies an elastic force to the strip-shaped clamping block (4) to press the second boss (42) against the positioning ball (53).

3. The positioning jig according to claim 2, wherein The diameter of the first positioning shaft section (511) is smaller than that of the second positioning shaft section (512); when the first positioning shaft section (511) contacts the positioning ball (53), the first boss (41) clamps the part (3); when the second positioning shaft section (512) contacts the positioning ball (53), the first boss (41) releases the part (3).

4. The positioning jig according to claim 2, wherein The spring (54) is a thrust spring, which is arranged between the positioning post (2) and the strip-shaped clamping block (4), and the installation height is lower than the hinge axis (6); the opening height of the ball installation hole (23) is higher than the hinge axis (6).

5. The positioning jig according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first positioning shaft section (511) and the second positioning shaft section (512) are connected by a conical surface (513).

6. The positioning jig according to claim 5, wherein The half vertex angle of the conical surface (513) is less than or equal to 45 degrees.

7. The positioning jig according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The positioning post (2) is a cuboid, and the four strip-shaped clamping blocks (4) are respectively opposite to the four side surfaces of the positioning post (2).

8. The positioning jig according to claim 7, wherein, The fixture base frame (1) includes a bottom plate (11) and four columns (12). A hole for accommodating the calibration cylinder (52) is formed in the bottom plate (11). The columns (12) are fixed on the bottom plate (11) and are respectively arranged at the four top corners of the positioning post (2) for installing the strip-shaped clamping blocks (4).

9. The positioning fixture according to claim 8, characterized in that, The positioning post (2) and the column (12) are integrally formed and manufactured.

10. The positioning jig according to claim 8, wherein, It further includes a rotary electric cylinder (7). The rotary electric cylinder (7) is arranged below the bottom plate (11) and is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (11).

Images