Hydraulic clamp for cross-shaped workpiece

Abstract

The utility model provides a hydraulic clamp for a cross-shaped workpiece. The hydraulic clamp is high in machining efficiency and machining quality. The device comprises a base, the base is provided with a positioning mechanism, a supporting mechanism and a pressing mechanism which are symmetrically installed along a center line, and the center line is a straight line in the top face of the base; the positioning mechanism comprises four limiting pins, a first positioning block and a second positioning block, the first positioning block and the second positioning block are installed on the center line, the long edge directions of the first positioning block and the second positioning block are perpendicular to each other, the short edge center line of the first positioning block is perpendicular to the center line, and the short edge center line of the second positioning block coincides with the center line. The shapes of the top faces of the first positioning block and the second positioning block are matched with the shape of a cross-shaped workpiece, the four limiting pins are installed on the side faces of the vertical block respectively, the vertical block is installed on the base, the directions of two of the limiting pins are opposite, the generatrix direction is perpendicular to the center line, and the directions of the other two limiting pins are the same and parallel to the center line. The two limiting pins perpendicular to the center line and the two limiting pins parallel to the center line are symmetrical along the center line.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of vertical machining of workpieces, in particular to a hydraulic fixture for cross-shaped workpieces. Background Technique

[0002] As Figure 1 shown, this cross-shaped workpiece is applied to engineering machinery, and the machining accuracy requirement is relatively high. The original workpiece machining needs to be completed in two machining processes, and a fixture needs to be used to clamp and fix the workpiece before machining. At present, the fixture used for cross-shaped workpieces has cumbersome operation, complex positioning, poor positioning accuracy, occupies machine tool resources, and has low machining efficiency. Moreover, there is a suspended part of the workpiece after the existing fixture is clamped, and the suspended part of the workpiece is prone to force deformation and even fracture during the machining process, resulting in low machining quality. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the disadvantages of the existing fixture with low machining efficiency and low machining quality due to the suspended part of the workpiece after clamping, the utility model provides a hydraulic fixture for cross-shaped workpieces, which has high machining efficiency and machining quality.

[0004] A hydraulic fixture for cross-shaped workpieces, which comprises a base, and is characterized in that: the base is provided with a positioning mechanism, a supporting mechanism and a pressing mechanism which are symmetrically installed along the center line, and the center line is a straight line in the top surface of the base; the positioning mechanism comprises four limit pins and a first positioning block and a second positioning block installed on the center line, the long side directions of the first positioning block and the second positioning block are perpendicular to each other, the short side midline of the first positioning block is perpendicular to the center line, and the short side midline of the second positioning block coincides with the center line; the top surface shapes of the first positioning block and the second positioning block match the outer shape of the cross-shaped workpiece, the four limit pins are respectively installed on the side surface of the vertical block, the vertical block is installed on the base, the orientations of two of the limit pins are opposite and the generatrix direction is perpendicular to the center line, the orientations of the other two limit pins are the same and parallel to the center line, and the two limit pins perpendicular to the center line and the two limit pins parallel to the center line are symmetric along the center line respectively; the pressing mechanism comprises an oil cylinder, the piston rod of the oil cylinder is rotatably connected to one end of a pressing plate, and the pressing plate is rotatably installed on a hinge frame.

[0005] It is further characterized in that:

[0006] The supporting mechanism comprises an inverted L-shaped supporting block, a first supporting cylinder and a second supporting cylinder which are sequentially installed on the base along the center line, the first supporting cylinder and the second supporting cylinder are respectively installed on the outer sides of the first positioning block, and a through hole is formed in the horizontal section of the inverted L-shaped supporting block, and the piston rod of the first supporting cylinder extends into the through hole;

[0007] Three of the four limit pins are sliding limit pins, and the other limit pin is a fixed limit pin. The sliding limit pin can be slidably installed in a slide groove provided on the side of the vertical block. A blind hole is provided at one end of the sliding limit pin in the slide groove. A limit groove is provided at the top of the sliding limit pin. A limit screw is installed at the top of the vertical plate. The bottom end of the limit screw extends into the limit groove. A spring is pressed between the bottom of the blind hole and the bottom of the slide groove.

[0008] There are three clamping mechanisms, wherein the pressure plates of two of the clamping mechanisms are oriented perpendicular to the center line and symmetrically along the center line, and the pressure plate of another clamping mechanism is oriented in a direction that coincides with the center line.

[0009] In the above structure of the utility model, as long as the cross-shaped cover plate workpiece is placed on the first positioning block and the second positioning block, one side is close to the fixed limit pin, and the three sliding limit pins support the other three sides of the workpiece under the thrust of the spring, the workpiece can be accurately and stably positioned. The operation is simple and the positioning is accurate, which greatly improves the processing efficiency and processing quality. The support mechanism provides support for the suspended part of the part to prevent the part from breaking in the suspended part during the processing, further improving the processing quality. The clamping mechanism clamps the workpiece from three points, realizes three-point fixation, ensures the stability of the clamping, and thus ensures the processing quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a cross-shaped workpiece;

[0011] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the axonometric view of the utility model;

[0012] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the utility model from a top view;

[0013] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the main view of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] See Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4, a hydraulic fixture for a cross-shaped workpiece, which includes a base 1. The base 1 is equipped with a positioning mechanism, a supporting mechanism, and a pressing mechanism that are symmetrically installed along the center line. The center line is a straight line within the top surface of the base 1. The positioning mechanism includes four limit pins 4 and a first positioning block 2 and a second positioning block 3 installed on the center line. The long side directions of the first positioning block 2 and the second positioning block 3 are perpendicular to each other. The short side midline of the first positioning block 2 is perpendicular to the center line, and the short side midline of the second positioning block 3 coincides with the center line. The top surface shapes of the first positioning block 2 and the second positioning block 3 match the outer shape of the cross-shaped workpiece 12. The four limit pins 4 are respectively installed on the side surface of the vertical block 5, and the vertical block 5 is installed on the base 1. The orientations of two of the limit pins 4 are opposite and the generatrix directions are perpendicular to the center line, and the orientations of the other two limit pins 4 are the same and parallel to the center line. The two limit pins 4 perpendicular to the center line and the two limit pins 4 parallel to the center line are symmetric along the center line. Three of the four limit pins 4 are sliding limit pins 42, and the other limit pin 4 is a fixed limit pin 41; Figure 1 The limit pin 4 at the lower part of the middle picture is the fixed limit pin 41, and the other three limit pins 4 are sliding limit pins 42. The pressing mechanism includes an oil cylinder 9. The piston rod of the oil cylinder 9 is rotatably connected to one end of the pressing plate 10, and the pressing plate 10 is rotatably installed on the hinge frame 11. There are three pressing mechanisms. The orientations of the pressing plates 10 of two of the pressing mechanisms are perpendicular to the center line and symmetric along the center line, and the orientation of the pressing plate 10 of the other pressing mechanism coincides with the center line. The three pressing mechanisms respectively press three ends of the cross-shaped workpiece 12.

[0016] See Figure 5 , the sliding limit pin 42 is slidably installed in a chute 51 opened on the side surface of the vertical block 5. A blind hole 422 is opened at one end of the sliding limit pin 42 in the chute 51. A limit groove 421 is opened at the top end of the sliding limit pin 42. A limit bolt 13 is installed at the top end of the vertical block 5. The bottom end of the limit bolt 13 extends into the limit groove 421. A spring 14 is press-fitted between the bottom of the blind hole 422 and the bottom of the chute 51. The limit bolt 13 is used to limit the sliding range of the sliding limit pin 42.

[0017] The supporting mechanism includes an inverted L-shaped supporting block 6, a first supporting cylinder 7, and a second supporting cylinder 8 that are sequentially installed on the base 1 along the center line. The first supporting cylinder 7 and the second supporting cylinder 8 are respectively installed on the outer sides of the first positioning block 2. A through hole is opened in the horizontal section of the inverted L-shaped supporting block 6, and the piston rod of the first supporting cylinder 7 extends into the through hole; the supporting mechanism is used to provide a supporting force for the suspended part of the cross-shaped workpiece 12.

[0018] The working process of the utility model is as follows: place the cross-shaped workpiece 12 on the first positioning block 2 and the second positioning block 3, with one side close to the fixed limit pin 41, and the spring 14 pushes the three sliding limit pins 42 to hold the other three sides of the cross-shaped workpiece 12 to complete the positioning. Start the hydraulic switch of the equipment, the piston rods of the three oil cylinders 9 extend, and the oil cylinder 9 drives the other end of the pressure plate 10 to press down, pressing the three ends of the cross-shaped workpiece 12, and at the same time, the piston rods of the first support cylinder 7 and the second support cylinder 8 extend to hold two points on the bottom surface of the cross-shaped workpiece 12 to complete the pressing and supporting of the cross-shaped workpiece 12, and then processing can begin. After processing, turn off the hydraulic switch of the equipment, the piston rods of the three oil cylinders 9, the first support cylinder 7 and the second support cylinder 8 are reset, and the pressure plate 10 is separated from the cross-shaped workpiece 12, and the workpiece can be taken out.

Claims

1. A hydraulic fixture for a cross-shaped workpiece, which comprises a base, and is characterized in that: The base is installed with a positioning mechanism, a support mechanism and a pressing mechanism which are symmetrically installed along the center line, and the center line is a straight line in the top surface of the base; the positioning mechanism includes four limit pins, a first positioning block and a second positioning block installed on the center line. The long side directions of the first positioning block and the second positioning block are perpendicular to each other. The short side midline of the first positioning block is perpendicular to the center line, and the short side midline of the second positioning block coincides with the center line; the top surface shapes of the first positioning block and the second positioning block match the outer shape of the cross-shaped workpiece. The four limit pins are respectively installed on the side surfaces of the vertical blocks, and the vertical blocks are installed on the base. The orientations of two of the limit pins are opposite and the generatrix directions are perpendicular to the center line, and the orientations of the other two limit pins are the same and parallel to the center line. The two limit pins perpendicular to the center line and the two limit pins parallel to the center line are symmetric along the center line respectively; the pressing mechanism includes an oil cylinder, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder is rotatably connected to one end of a pressing plate, and the pressing plate is rotatably installed on a hinge frame.

2. The hydraulic fixture for a cross-shaped workpiece according to claim 1, wherein: The support mechanism includes an inverted L-shaped support block, a first support cylinder and a second support cylinder which are sequentially installed on the base along the center line. The first support cylinder and the second support cylinder are respectively installed on the outer sides of the first positioning block. A through hole is opened in the horizontal section of the inverted L-shaped support block, and the piston rod of the first support cylinder extends into the through hole.

3. A hydraulic fixture for a cross-shaped workpiece according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Three of the four limit pins are sliding limit pins, and the other limit pin is a fixed limit pin. The sliding limit pins are slidably installed in the sliding grooves opened on the side surfaces of the vertical blocks. Blind holes are opened at one ends of the sliding limit pins in the sliding grooves. Limit grooves are opened at the tops of the sliding limit pins. Limit screws are installed at the tops of the vertical blocks, and the bottom ends of the limit screws extend into the limit grooves. Springs are press-fitted between the bottom of the blind holes and the bottom of the sliding grooves.

4. A hydraulic fixture for a cross-shaped workpiece according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: There are three pressing mechanisms. The orientations of the pressing plates of two of the pressing mechanisms are perpendicular to the center line and symmetric along the center line, and the orientation of the pressing plate of the other pressing mechanism coincides with the center line.

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